1984年考研英语翻译真题及答案

1994年英译汉试题71) Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西72) In short, a leader of the new school contends, the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable direction.新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：简而言之，我们所谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，而这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展无所不及73) Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多年来在很大程度上被历史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。

74) Galileo's greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth.伽利略的最光辉业绩在于他在1609年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。

2001年题目解析：71)There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.结构分析：71) 主句There // will be // 并列结构1 television chat shows / 后置定语hosted by robots, // 并列结构2 and cars / 后置定语 with pollution monitors // 定语从句that // will disable // them // 时间（条件）状语从句when // they // offend.词义推敲：there will be 将来会有，到时会有television chat shows hosted by robots 由机器人主持的电视谈话/聊天节目.chat shows：访谈节目host：to act as host at (an event) or to (a person) 主持、主办（活动）；招待cars with pollution monitors 装有污染监控器的汽车that will disable them：监控器就会使其（汽车）停驶disable them 使汽车失灵/停止运行/无法前进/不能开动/瘫痪/将阻止汽车开动offend (汽车)污染超标/违规参考译文：届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标（违规），监控器就会使其停驶。

得分重点：并列结构，定语从句，时间状语从句72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.结构分析：72) 并列结构1 Children // will play with // dolls / 后置定语equipped with / personality chips, // 并列结构2 computers / 后置定语with in-built personalities // 被动结构will be regarded并列结构11as // workmates // 并列结构22 rather than 省略结构（as）tools, // 并列结构3 relaxation // will be // in front of / smell-television, // 并列结构4 and // digital age // will have arrived. 词义推敲：doll：洋娃娃，玩具娃娃equip with：装备personality chip：个性芯片personality：distinctive qualities of a person, especially those distinguishing personal characteristics that make one socially appealing 人品个人独特的品质，特别是那些有区别性的、使某人具有社交魅力的个人性格chip：an integrated circuit 集成电路computers with in-built personalities 个性内置的计算机be regarded as 被当作workmate 同事rather than 而不是smell television 气味电视机digital age 数字（化）时代参考译文：孩子们将会与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍/装有集成电路块的有个人性格的玩偶玩，具有内置个性的计算机/内部装有人格化芯片的电脑将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将会在气味电视机前休闲/放松/休息/消遣/娱乐，届时数字化时代就来到了。

二十、广州外语外贸大学1984年研究生入学考试试题Ⅰ. Read through the following passage and then fill each of the numbered blanks with ONE suitable word from the list following the passage.(30 marks)During the two years that elapsed between the death of his father and his establishment in London, Gibbon had made a preliminary examination of the(1) _______ that must be covered in the(2) _______ of the Roman Empire which he(3) _______ to write. As soon as he had a house (4) _______ himself, he (5) _______ on the actual work of (6) _______, and composed and three times rewrote the first chapter, twice patiently(7) _______ the second and third, before he was “tolerably satisfied”(8) _______ the effect he had(9) _______, and the(10) _______ of composition became, paragraph by paragraph, more(11) _______ and rapid. We are told that,(12) _______composing, he walked to and fro across the(13) _______, and that the whole paragraph was(14) _______ when he finally regained his chair and resorted to pen and ink. The necessary (15) _______, which he added later, he had already jotted down on(16) _______. A friend suspected that he was working too fast; but Gibbon reassured. The whole(17) _______, he said, had undergone a long and elaborate(18) _______ of correction and revision his “diligence and (19) _______,” he afterwards told the world, were (20) _______ by his conscience. Thus he (21) _______ the day of final(22) _______ without undue (23) _______. During February, 1775, the first volume of THE HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE appeared in the(24) _______. His publishers had originally calculated(25) _______ five hundred copies, but, with almost(26) _______ insight had increased this(27) _______ to a thousand. The first edition to appear was immediately sold(28) _______, and two further editions were very soon (29) _______. A great gust of fame(30) _______ on the modest author.library cards to groundhistory re-casting complete accuracyprocess attested publication fascinatingbookshops prophetic exhausted seizedwhile flow anxiety outon at with numberedition embarked achieved referencesregular fabric awaited attractedII. Questions 1 - 30 are incomplete sentences. Five words or phrases , marked a) ,b) ,c) ,d) , and e) are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose the ONE word of phrase that best completes the sentence.(30 marks)1. TV, if properly used can _______ child’s imagination.a) cause b) incite c) arised) invoke e) stimulate2. Ask the publishers to send you their latest _______ of English textbooks.a) catalogue b) prospentus c) brochured) booklet3. Unless strict hunting laws are introduced seals will soon be_______.a) defunct b) out-dated c) archaicd) extinct e) obsolete4. The plane circled over the airport until the _______ was clear.a) landing b) runway c) terminald) highway e) route5. Although most of the rooms are small, the hall is_______.a) extending b) extended c) spaciousd) expansive e) abundant6. The lad spent several years as to a master-builder so that he might learn the _______trade.a) applicant b) apprentice c) learnerd) student e) helper7. All visitors are requested to _______ with regulations.a) agree b) comply c) assentd) consent e) concede8. In a coal-mining area, the land tends to _______, causing damage to road and buildings.a) decline b) subside c) reduced) diminish e) decrease9. His poor standard of play fully justifies his _______ from the team for the match next Saturday.a) rejection b) expulsion c) exclusiond) exception e) ban10. The man is so arrogant that he is completely _______ to all criticism.a) impervious b) regardless c) unawared) unconscious e) safeguarded11. According to the weather forecast, which is usually _______, it will snow this afternoon.a) accurate b) precise c) exactd) perfect e) thorough12. The memorial in the square _______ the soldier who lost their lives in the war.a) celebrates b) recaptures c) remembersd) commemorates e) recalls13. He thanked me _______, too much I thought for the little I had done.a) significantly b) profusely c) prolificallyd) luxuriantly e) sumptuously14. I haven’t the _______ idea what you mean.a) lightest b) dimmest c) furthestd) fullest e) faintest15. It is easier to adapt to new situations if one has a _______ attitude.a) changeable b) moveable c) flexibled) pliable e) malleable16. He earns his living by _______ old paintings.a) reviving b) retrieving c) recoveringd) restoring e) renewing17. The attendance to the lecture _______ all expectations.a) overcame b) overrun c) excelledd) outnumbered e) surpassed18. The defeated army was obliged to _______ to its second line of defence.a) retract b) draw away c) receded) retire e) back away19. Many of the newspapers in the west his a pronounced right-wing______a) bias b) setting c) balanced) bearing e) liability20. As soon as the exams were over, the students all went their _______ ways.a) homely b) perspective c) respectived) relative e) diverted21. The brothers showed great _______ to their older sister, who had acted as sole parent to them for many years.a) devotion b) compliance c) subjectiond) estimation e) allegiance22. The colour of that coat and hat don’t_______.a) suit b) mix c) matchd) imitate e) compare23. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to _______ in the courtyard.a) combine b) crowd c) mobilized) unite e) assemble24. Her letter was in such a casual scrawl, and in such pale ink, that it was_______.a) unintelligible b) vague c) ambiguousd) illegible e) obscure25. The road is _______ to flood in winter.a) leading b) unprotected c) conducived) susceptible e) liable26. The village is only _______ by river.a) attainable b) available c) accessibled) obtainable e) achievable27. The children performed a very _______ dance.a) distracting b) graceful c) graciousd) smart e) precise28. The new town development has begun to __ on the surrounding green belt.a) encroach b) enter c) intruded) inpress e) reach29. My enquiries didn’t _______ any information of value.a) extort b) arouse c) induced) elicit e) affect30. After speaking for two hours, the lecturer found he could scarcely talk, so he had becomea) dumb b) inarticulate c) speechlessd) tongue-tied e) hoarseIII. For each of the following questions, select the choice which best answers the question or completes the statement.(60 marks)31. LANGUAGE. ITS NATURE, ORIGIN, AND DEVELOPMENT was written bya) Otto Jespersen.b) Leonard Bloomfield.c) Edward Sapir.d) Bernard Bloch.32. Linguistics became a sciencea) in the later half of the 20th century.b) in the first quarter of the 19th century.c) in the beginning of the 19th century.d) in the 18th century.33. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?a) Zolling Harris is a German linguist.b) Kenneth Pike is an American linguist.c) Randolph Quirk is a British linguist.d) Noam Chomsky is an American linguist.34. It was Albert C. Baugh who wrotea) A HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.b) A SHORT HISTORY OF ENGLISH.c) THE CHANGING ENGLISH LANGUAGE.d) A SHORT HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS.35. American structural linguistics has given special vigor to the linguistic work in the United States sincea) the first quarter of the 20th century.b) the end of World War II.c) the sixties of the 20th century.d) the beginning of World War II.36. “Language is like a game of chess” was suggested bya) Noam Chomsky.b) Jacob Grimm.c) Granz Boaz.d) F. de Saussure.37. Which of the following languages does not belong to the Romance branch of the Indo-European family?a) French.b) Albanian.c) Spanish.d) Italian.38. Which of the following can be called “minimal pairs”?a) cat/dog b) cat/ratc) take/give d) take/took39. Which of the following can be described as “voiceless, aspirated, alveolar, and stop”?a) /d/b) /k/c) /g/d) /t/40. Who is famous for his study of language variation in New York City?a) Wallace Chafe.b) Charles Fillmore.c) William Labov.d) George Lakoff.41. “Some books are to be tasted, others are to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.” In the above sentence, the author used a figure of speech known asa) metaphor.b) metonymy.c) simile d) paradox.42. When a writer wrote “tons of money”, he was using the figure of a speech known asa) pun.b) hyperbole.c) euphemism.d) synecdoche.43. Homonyms are wordsa) different in meaning but identical in sound.b) that are no longer in current use.c) opposite in meaning.d) borrowed from another language.44. A “villain” was originally a man who worked on a farm, now it means a scoundrel. This is known asa) extension of meaning.b) degradation of meaning.c) narrowing of meaning.d) elevation of meaning.45. Which of the following elements has contributed less to the English word-stock?a) Latin.b) Scandinavian.e) Greek.d) French.46. The creation of “to diagnose” from “diagnosis” is known asa) shortening.b) blending.c) back-formation.d) conversion.47. “Scotland Yard” refers toa) the place where Scotch whisky is produced in large quantities.b) the house where Sir Walter Scott used to live and write.c) the hardquarters of the London Metropolitan Police.d) a street in London where there are many government offices.48. Ku-Klux-Klan is a secret political organization ina) Latin America.b) Italy.c) the United States.d) Spain.49. “Fifth Column” is a term used to describe aa) book of de luxe binding.b) society of photography.c) body of spies behind a fighting front.d) special game of chess.50. The Fabian Society is a society ofa) British non-Marxist socialists.b) Quakers in the United States.c) Roman Catholic in Italy.d) German fascists.51. The Versailles Treaty is a treaty which concludeda) the War of the French Revolution in 1802.b) the first World War in 1919.c) the war of Spanish Succession in 1713.d) the border dispute between Britain and U.S. in 1842.52. The New Deal in the U.S. was a number of measures taken bya) President Eisenhower.b) President Kennedy.c) President Truman.d) President Roosevelt.53. Sri Lanka was formerly calleda) Ceylon.b) Malaya.c) North Borneo.d) Persia.54. Damascus is the capital ofa) Tunisia.b) Iraq.c) Syria.d) Yemen.55. Dublin is the capital ofa) Sweden.b) Ireland.c) Hungary.d) Scotland.56. Helsinki is the capital ofa) Denmark.b) Jugoslavia.c) Finland.d) Holland.57. Tehran is the capital ofa) Saudi Arabia.b) Turkey.c) Burma.d) Iran.58. Ivy League isa) a Club of bridge players.b) a research institute of agriculture.c) a group of colleges in eastern USA.d) an organization of retired soldiers in the UK.59. European Economic Community is also known asa) the Common Market.b) the Atlantic Pact.c) the British Commonwealth.d) the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.60. The first country to feel the effects of the Industrial Revolution wasa) Holland.b) Britain.c) the USA.d) France.61. “Union Jack” is the popular name fora) the Congress in the USA.b) the British flag.c) the Irish Republic.d) the Trade Union in London.62. Westminster Abbey isa) an important church in London.b) a famous bridge in Scotland.c) an ancient castle in Wales.d) a wall between England and Scotland.63. “John Bull” is a figure representinga) the Australian people.b) the Canadian people.c) the English people.d) the American people.64. General Washington issued the Declaration of Independence ona) 30 November,1783.b) 12 January,1845.c) 25 June, 1812.d) 4 July, 1776.65. The “Beat Generation” meansa) the poor people living in the slums of New York.b) the football team that has been beaten by a tournament.c) the writers who tried to separate themselves from society in the USA after World War II.d) the religious fanatics who committed collective suicide in the USA.66. After the weak reign of Edward the Confessor came the Norman Conquest in the yeara) 700 BC.b) 80 AD.c) 1215.d) 1066.67. The French Revolution began in the yeara) 1789.b) 1688.c) 1838.d) 1848.68. It was Sir Thomas More who wrotea) MORTE D’ARTHUR.b) UTOPIA.c) DR. FAUSTUS.d) FARIE QUEEN.69. Which of the following plays was NOT written by Shakespeare?a) RICHARD III.b) THE TEMPEST.c) EDWARD II.d) AS YOU LIKE IT.70. The novel Joseph ANDREWS was written bya) Charles Dickens.b) Iaurence Sterne.c) Horace Walpole.d) Henry Fielding.71. CHILDE HAROLD’S PILGRAMGE isa) a travelogue.b) a novel.c) a poem.d) an essay.72. Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is a comedy?a) OTHELLO.b) KING LEAR.c) MACBETH.d) TWELFTH NIGHT.73. SONG OF HIAWATHA was written bya) Nathaniel Hawthorne.b) Robert Frost.c) Henry Longfellow.d) John Whittier.74. Which of the following novels is not written by Thomas Hardy?a) JUDE THE OBSCURE.b) THE MAYOR OF CASTERBRIDGE.c) FAR FROM THE MADDING CROSS.d) THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY.75. Goerge Bernard Shaw is essentially aa) novelist.b) essayist.c) poet.d) playwright.76. Which of the following is Not a romantic poet?a) Alexander Pope.b) John Keats.c) Percy B. Shelley.d) George Byron.77. Which of the following novels was not written by Jack London?a) MARTIN EDEN.b) THE IRON HEEL.c) THE CALL OF THE WIND.d) FOR WHOM THE BELL TOLLS.78. OUR MAN FROM HAVANA was written by the novelista) William Golding.b) Kingsley Amis.c) Graham Green.d) Joseph Grinin.79. Which of the following novels was written by John Galsworthy?a) OLD WIVE’S TALE.b) THE MAN OF PROPERTY.c) LORD JIM.d) TREASURE ISLAND.80. The Luddites are group ofa) workers who broke machines in the industrial riots of 1811 - 16.b) aesthetic poets headed by John Ruskin.c) writers in postwar England who are also known as Angry Young Men.d) workers who tried to win the political reforms set out in the people’s Charter.81. Saul Bellow isa) a modern American novelist.b) an American playwright in the twenties.c) a French novelist in the Renaissance period.d) a modern English poet.82. Which of the following novels was not written by Theodore Dreiser ?a) SISTER CARRIE.b) THE TITAN.c) THE AMERICAN TRAGEDY.d) THE OCTOPUS.83. Bertrand Russell is a great Englisha) philosopher.b) historian.c) musician.d) athelete.84. Harmens Rembrandt is famous for hisa) study in archaeology.b) achievements in painting.c) grotesque design in architecture.d) creativity in writing.85. The ILIIAD is supposed to be written bya) Alighieri Dante.b) Homer.c) Sophocles.d) Plato.86. In Greek mythology the hero of prodigious strength is known asa) Dionysus.b) Perseus.c) Apollo.d) Heracles.87. The author of DON QUIXOTE isa) Rabelais.b) Chaucer.c) Goethe.d) Cervantes.88. The scientist who was in charge of the development of the atomic bomb isa) J. Thomson.b) J. Oppenheimer.c) A. Fleming.d) F. Galton.89. Which of the following U.S. presidents was assassinated?a) L. Johnson.b) J. Kennedy.c) W. Harding.d) D. Eisenhower.90. Charles Chaplin is famous for hisa) landscape painting.b) escapes from ropes and chains.c) composition of operas.d) silent film comedies.KeyI. 1. ground 2. history 3. attested 4. to5. embarked6. fabric7. re-casting8. with9. achieved10. flow11. regular12. while13. library14. complete15. references16. cards17. edition18. process19. accuracy20. exhausted21. awaited22. publication23. anxiety24. b6okshops25. on 26. prophetic27. number28. out29. attracted 30. seizedII. 1. e 2. a 3. d 4. b 5. c6. b7.b8. b9. b10.a11. b12. d13. b14. e15. c16. d17. e 18. d19. a20. c21. a22. c23. c24. d25. d26. c 27. b28. a29. d30. eIII. 31. a32. c33. a34. a35. a36. d37. b38. d39. d40. c41. a42. b43. a44. b45. b46. c47. c48. c49. c 50. a51. b52. d53. a54. c55. b56. c57. d58. c59. a 60. b61. b62. a63. c64. d65. c66. d67. a68. b69. c70. d71. b 72. d73. c74. d75. d76. a77. d78. c79. b 80. a81. a82. d83. a84. b85. b86. d87. d88. b89. b90. d。

1992—2010年考研英语翻译原题及译文1992年考研翻译真题解析71．There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them.结构分析：全句属于there be +N. 结构，全句还包含了一个more…than 的比较结构，前后结构对称，都是接了一个句子。

agreement 后面跟了on the kinds of behavior 做其后置定语，behavior 后面又跟了过去分词referred to by the term作其后置定语；而than there is 后面又省略了一个相同的词汇agreement. 所以全句理解为：There（there be结构的翻译－增加泛指主语）is more（比较结构）agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than（比较结构）there is 省略（agreement）on how to interpret or classify them（指代关系）.参考译文：人们对（智力）这个词所指的各种行为的看法一致，而如何对其进行解释或分类，人们的看法则不尽相同。

测试点：比较结构；介词和过去分词做后置定语，省略；指代关系举一反三：more A than B短语的译法：1. 如果这个结构前后接的是短语，则通常翻译成为：与其说B，不与说A；或翻译成：有A无B。

比如：He is more brave than wise. 与其说他聪明，不与说他勇敢。

然后意译为：他有勇无谋。

2. 如果前后接的是句子，则常翻译为：有A，而没有B。

72．Intelligence test is a rough measure of a child’s capacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. It is not supposed to---it was not designed for such purposes. 12. To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.结构分析：全句是用不定式To criticize it for such failure做主语（it指代什么，需要到上文去寻找，因为it是单数，应该到前面去找到一个单数名词，而前面两个句子都是用it做主语，所以再往前找到第一句的主语intelligence test，所以it应该指代前面的智力测试，）such failure属于名词指代的重要考点；（因为failure表示“没有”的意思，因此我们可以往上去找一个带有否定意思的词语，根据层层指代，such purposes, not supposed to, 再到not measure character, social adjustment，我们由此可以推断such failure 指代智力测试不能测试人的性格等特点的情况）。

1984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice. in the brackets on the left. (15 points)EXAMPLE:To test his theory, the scientist set ________ an experiment.[A] up[B] out[C] upon[D] forthANSWER: [A]1. I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.[A] in[B] by[C] with[D] at2. I promise to look ________ the matter as soon as I get back to thehead office.[A] into[B] for[C] in[D] after3. They left prior ________ our arrival.[A] at[B] to[C] by[D] of4. The teacher has repeatedly reminded him ________ it.[A] of[B] for[D] to5. He is indifferent ________ hardships and dangers.[A] of[B] at[C] in[D] to6. During that hard winter, the workers in Detroit went ________strike.[A] into[B] in[C] on[D] to7. John did it ________ his will.[A] at[B] in[C] to[D] against8. Come and see me whenever ________.[A] you are convenient[B] you will be convenient[C] it is convenient to you[D] it will be convenient to you9. This ________ girl is Mary's cousin.[A] pretty little Swedish[B] Swedish little pretty[C] Swedish pretty little[D] little pretty Swedish10. It isn't quite ________ that he will be present at the meeting.[A] sure[B] right[C] certain11. Why is there ________ traffic on the streets in February than inMay?[A] less[B] fewer[C] few[D] little12. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ________ ina quiet environment.[A] before all[B] first of all[C] after all[D] above all13. His few personal belongings make it possible for him to move fromplace to place ________.[A] in ease[B] at ease[C] with ease[D] with easiness14. Let us try to use our intellect to ________.[A] the fullest benefit[B] the best use[C] the highest profit[D] the greatest advantage15. They did not find ________ to prepare for the worst conditionsthey might meet.[A] worth their while[B] it worthwhile[C] it worth[D] it worthy16. You will soon ________ this climate and then the changes intemperature will not affect you.[A] get used to[C] get over[D] get on with17. Water, when boiled, always ________ stream.[A] gives in[B] gives out[C] gives off[D] gives away18. Their plans for a big party ________.[A] fell out[B] fell away[C] fell off[D] fell through19. Badly beaten, the intruders ________ in disorder.[A] fell of[B] fell out[C] fell back[D] fell away20. The picnic ________ at last after being twice postponed.[A] came off[B] came up[C] put on[D] went on21. Very few experts ________ with completely new answers to theworld's economic problems.[A] come to[B] come round[C] come up[D] come on22. His face gave him ________ when he told a lie.[A] off[B] away[D] out23. Someone must have left the tap on, ________ the water was runningover and flooding the bathroom.[A] therefore[B] for[C] nevertheless[D] moreover24. If that idea was wrong, the project is bound to fail, ________good all the other ideas might be.[A] whatever[B] though[C] whatsoever[D] however25. Take an umbrella with you in case of ________.[A] it rains[B] the rain[C] rain[D] raining26. The man over there is ________ our principal.[A] no other but[B] no other than[C] no one than[D] none other than27.The football match was televised ________ from the Workers' Stadium.[A] alive[B] life[C] live[D] lively28. The size of the audience, ________ we had expected, was well overone thousand.[A] whom[C] as[D] that29. The Chinese Red Cross ________ a generous sum to the relief of thephysically disabled.[A] assigned[B] contributed[C] furnished[D] administered30. ________ my car is being made ready for a long journey.[A] In the moment[B] At the moment[C] For the moment[D] By the momentSection II Cloze TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points)EXAMPLE:Hot metal ________ as it grows cooler.[A] condenses[B] reduces[C] decreases[D] contractsANSWER: [D]Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. Forinstance, the automobile tunnel might 31 huge ventilation problems. Even in the days of smoky, coal-burning 32, trains made their own ventilation by pushing and pulling air 33 the tunnels. Cars don't move their own spent gases in the same way; itcollects in tunnels. Clifford M. Holland solved the problem 34 a giant fan-driven system for the Hudson River tunnel.Holland's system received a severe 35 when a truck 36 with chemical substances caught fire in the tunnel and exploded. The blast destroyed many automobiles; sixty persons were 37 by the strong smelling smoke. All sixty, however, remained 38 after the explosion. 39 the ruin of 500 feet of the tunnel roof, traffic40 after only fifty-six hours.31. [A] make[B] bring[C] raise[D] create32. [A] stoves[B] burners[C] boilers[D] engines33. [A] around[B] through[C] in[D] within34. [A] by[B] with[C] for[D] of35. [A] trial[B] pressure[C] examination[D] test36. [A] loaded[B] carried[C] crowded[D] transported37. [A] swept[B] overcome[C] hit[D] hurt38. [A] alive[B] living[C] live[D] lived39. [A] With[B] After[C] Because of[D] Despite40. [A] resumed[B] stopped[C] moved[D] startedSection III Reading ComprehensionEach sentence or passage below is followed by four statements. One of the statements is a suggestion which can be made from the information given in the original sentence or passage. Read them carefully and make your choice. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)EXAMPLE:Dr. Smith made a long speech in which he implied that he was a friend of the Dean's.[A] Dr. Smith was not a friend of the Dean's.[B] Dr. Smith gave a talk in which he said he was a friend of the Dean's.[C] Dr. Smith suggested in his speech that he was a friend of theDean's.[D] Dr. Smith made a moving speech in which he said he was a friend of the Dean's.ANSWER: [C]41. I find it difficult to drive home my point to the students.[A] I find it difficult to make my point fully understood by mystudents.[B] I find it difficult to drive my students home.[C] I want to point out that it is difficult to give my studentslessons on driving.[D] My point is driving is especially difficult for my students.42. You ought to stand up for him.[A] You should get up when he comes in.[B] You should support him.[C] You shouldn't be afraid to argue with him.[D] You must be of the same height as he is.43. She took great pains to keep the rooms tidy.[A] She was in great pain when she tried to keep the rooms tidy.[B] She found it difficult to keep the rooms tidy.[C] She made great efforts to keep the rooms neat and clean.[D] She was unwilling to keep the rooms tidy.44. At first everything went well with the project but recentlyproblems kept cropping up.[A] At first the quality of the project was satisfactory butrecently its quality kept declining.[B] The project proceeded smoothly at first but lately unexpectedproblems continually made their appearance.[C] At first the operation of the project went on smoothly, butlately something went wrong with its operation.[D] At first the project was thought to be satisfactory, butrecently people found that there were actually lots of problemswith the project.45. The search for ways of preserving foods is not new. Primitive manlearned that he could make foods last by drying them. The greatest single advance began in 1800 when a Frenchman, Nicolas Appert,discovered that he could preserve certain foods by sealing them in jars and keeping the air from them. The process was the start of the vast canning industry which brings us many foods in all seasons.[A] Nicolas Appert's most important contribution to canningindustry is his discovery that air causes food to spoil.[B] Nicolas Appert was the first person to preserve foods in jars.[C] Nicolas Appert learned from the primitive men the method ofpreserving food.[D] To preserve foods Nicolas Appert put them into sealed jars tolet them dry up.Section IV Structure and VocabularyFill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentences. Put your choices in the brackets on the left. (10 points)EXAMPLE:The photo ________ happy memories of my early childhood.[A] refreshes[B] brings to mind[C] stimulates[D] reminds myselfANSWER: [B]46. It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it ________ sixhours.[A] ended[B] finished[C] was[D] lasted47. The gloves were really too small, and it was only by ________ themthat I managed to get them on.[A] spreading[B] squeezing[C] extending[D] stretching48. Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not________ close examination.[A] put up[B] keep up[C] stand up to[D] look up to49. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical ________.[A] facilities[B] appliances[C] instruments[D] equipment50. Charles has not the least ________ of giving up his research.[A] intention[B] idea[C] play[D] desire51. That shop doesn't have brown sugar in ________ at the moment, butthey expect to have some tomorrow.[A] storage[B] stock[C] sale[D] demand52. The country has a system of ________, most of which date back tothe nineteenth century.[A] watercourses[B] rivers[C] canals[D] channels53. The farmers had to wear heavy boots in the winter because thefields were so wet and ________.[A] dusty[B] earthy[C] soiled[D] muddy54. My brother likes eating very much but he isn't very ________ aboutthe food he eats.[A] special[B] peculiar[C] particular[D] unusual55. This is the ________ piano on which the composer created some ofhis greatest works.[A] actual[B] genuine[C] real[D] originalSection V Error-detection and CorrectionEach question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the brackets on the left. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down the correct word or phrase on the line following the brackets. (10 points)EXAMPLE:Good mannersA should be observed whetherBoneCeats in a restaurantor inDhome.ANSWER: [D] at56. One should not talk about unpleasant subjects forAa socialgathering. AlsoB , we should avoid any subject that mightChurt thefeelings of the people you are withD.57. When we sit at the table, we must wait for everyoneA before startBeating. Sometimes youC have to wait until the headDof the familybegins eating.58. Bob has sat at the table for a couple ofA hours and drankBconsiderably moreC wine thanDis good for his health.59. If you had goneAthere to see the match, I'm sure youwould have enjoyedB to seeCthe Chinese Football Team winD.60. The flourA , eggs and milk should be wellBmixed asCit is poured intothe bakingDpan.61. The names Jimmy, Billy and Bobby endA in 'y' are used especiallyBfor children, but they often continue intoC adultDlife.62. This book costsA me five yuan. AsByou have been a good friend tome, you may borrow my book as far asC you keep it cleanD.63. Of all the works of art shownAin this exhibition hall the thing Ilike moreB is the needle-workCproducedDby the workers of Shanghai.64. BecauseA some of the representatives stillBnot there, theconference is put offC untilDfurther notice.65. You've to hurry up if you want to buy something becauseA there'sBhardly somethingC leftD.Section VI Verb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets.(10 points)EXAMPLE:Now our daughter is sitting next to Doris. At this time tomorrow she ________ (sit) next to Betty.ANSWER: will be sitting66. A: Is your new bus going O.K.?B: Oh yes. Couldn't be better. It's the first minibus we ________ (have) and we're all quite satisfied with it.67. You haven't learnt the word-order in spoken questions yet but I'msure you ________ (learn) it before the end of this week.68. Our guest ________ no sooner ________ (take) off his raincoat thanit began to rain again.69. It is highly desirable that a new president ________ (appoint) forthis college.70. ________ (meet) with an accident, the newspaper correspondent wasnot able to send a cable.71. That bad egg wore dark glasses to avoid ________ (recognize).72. Rather than ________ (leave) everything to the last minute, healways prefers to start early.73. Don't come today, I would rather you ________ (come) tomorrow.74. Sammy looks as though he never ________ (get) a square meal, butin fact his parents feed him very well.75. If I had a bike, I ________ (lend) it to you yesterday.Section VII Chinese-English TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English. (15 points)76. 充分利用自然资源来为人类造福的愿望总有一天会实现。

1992年考研翻译英译汉试题“Intelligence” at best is an assumptive construct—the meaning of the word has never been clear. (71)There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them. But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily，make distinctions，reason logically，and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child’s capacity for lea rning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure character，social adjustment，physical endurance，manual skills，or artistic abilities. It is not supposed to—it was not designed for such purposes. (72)To criticise it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticising a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of any subject is essentially a comparative affair.(73)Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison. It is here that some of the difficulties which interest us begin. Any test performed involves at least three factors: the intention to do one’s best，the knowledge required for understanding what you have to do，and the intellectual ability to do it. (74)The first two must be equal for all who are being compared，if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. In school populations in our culture these assumptions can be made fair and reasonable，and the value of intelligence testing has been proved thoroughly. Its value lies，of course，in its providing a satisfactory basis for prediction. No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require “general intelligence”. (75)On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence，but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared，and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.1992年考研翻译英译汉参考译文(全文翻译)智力充其量只是一个假设性的概念，因为智力的含义从来就是模糊的。

一. 1980考研英语翻译真题及答案Section VI Chinese-English Translation将下列句子译成英语：（本大题共20分，第1题2分，其余各题均3分）Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (20 points)1.水一煮沸请立即把开关关掉。

1. Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.2. 在八十年代，中国人民将以更大的步伐向前迈进。

2. The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in 1980’s.3. 我们都同意李同志已作出的决定。

3. We all agree to the decision comrade Li has made (made).4. 这个结果比我们预期的要好得多。

4. The result is much (far) better than we expected.5. 在过去的三年中，在恢复我国国民经济方面做了大量的工作。

5. During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy; in restoring our national economy).6. 我们把英语作为学习西方先进科学技术的一种工具。

6. We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science and technology.7. 没有党的领导，我国的社会主义现代化是不可能实现的。

2001年真题第一篇美国银行体系的稳定性是通过监督、调节、审查、存款保险以及向陷入困境的银行贷款等手段维持的。

50多年来，这些防范措施防止了银行系统的恐慌。

不过，现在出现了一些谨慎的呼吁。

芝加哥的大陆伊利诺斯银行与信托公司1984年的倒闭没有破坏美国的银行体系，但是它肯定造成了一些恐慌。

20世纪70年代晚期，大陆银行发展迅速，成为美国中西部地区银行系统的佼佼者。

不过，该银行的部分发展策略具有冒险性,它在能源领域发放了许多贷款，其中包括它从俄克拉荷马市的PSB借贷的10亿美元。

为了获得发放这些贷款所需的资金，大陆银行主要依赖从其他银行的短期借贷以及大量的30天存单，用银行系统的行话来说就是“游资”。

至少一名大陆银行的官员觉察到了危险的迹象，并且向其上级递交了一份警示备忘录，但是，这份备忘录没有引起重视。

虽然通货监理部门按照惯例审查大陆银行，但是它没有意识到该行的问题将有多么严重。

1982年7月，PSB被管理部门关闭。

当能源价格开始下滑时，大陆银行从小银行借来发放出去的10亿美元贷款中的大部分成为呆账。

借贷给像克莱斯勒汽车、国际收割机以及布兰尼弗这类陷入困境的公司的贷款也似乎出了问题。

看到这些问题，“游资”持有者开始从大陆银行撤资。

到1984年春季，大陆银行开始出现挤兑现象。

到5月，银行不得不向联邦政府借贷35亿美元来弥补流失的资金。

但是，这还不够。

为了阻止大陆银行的资金外流，FDIC 同意不仅为最初所定的100,000美元的储户担保，而且为所有储户担保。

不过，挤兑现象仍在继续。

联邦管理部门竭尽全力，希望找到一家可靠的银行收购大陆银行，这是拯救濒临倒闭银行的惯用手法，但是，大陆银行太大了，任何一家银行都购买不起。

到7月，私人银行拯救大陆银行的所有希望都破灭了。

管理部门面临一个艰难的抉择：是让大陆银行倒闭，还是由它们自己接管。

‘让该行倒闭似乎太冒险。

据估计，如果大陆银行倒闭的话，100多家在大陆银行投入了足够资金的其他银行就会陷入危险之中，因此，在7月底一个下雨的星期三，FDIC以45亿美元的代价把大陆伊利诺斯银行收归国有。