现在完成时被动语态ppt
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高考英语语法——被动语态(共27张PPT)
spring.
14
过去将来完成时的被动 语态
would have+been+done
现在完成时：would have+ done been
+被动语态：
be done
现在完成时的被动语态：would have+
+done
He said that the book would have been finished by eight o'clock.
过去分词前有very、too、so等程度副词修饰，该结构为系表结构。
She is very pleased.
He was so frightened.
am/is/are+being+done
现在进行时：am/is/are+ v-ing being
+被动语态：
be done
现在进行时的被动语态： am/is/are+
+done
We are painting the rooms.
The rooms are being painted.
8
过去进行时的被动语态
The door won't open. The table can't move.
23
与副词well、easily连用的动词：read、write、wash、clean、 burn、sell、open、cut、lock等，表示主语的特点和属性。
The pen writes smoothly. The coat washes well. The novel sells well. The room doesn't clean easily.
现在完成时被动语态ppt课件
直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of
) ,at后方可跟上宾语。
[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in
第17页，此课件共21页哦
4. ---- How long ____ at this job?
---- Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed
表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。
第12页，此课件共21页哦
如： My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
我哥哥的自行车差不多买了四年了。
How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? 这本书买了多久了？
如： （动作的承受者）
The new school has been set up. 新学校 已经建成了。
第5页，此课件共21页哦
二、形式
(1)肯定式为：have/ has +been +done。
如：
The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很 成功。 (2)否定式为：have/ has +not +been +done。 如： Tom’s novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版 。
) ,at后方可跟上宾语。
[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in
第17页，此课件共21页哦
4. ---- How long ____ at this job?
---- Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed
表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。
第12页，此课件共21页哦
如： My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
我哥哥的自行车差不多买了四年了。
How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? 这本书买了多久了？
如： （动作的承受者）
The new school has been set up. 新学校 已经建成了。
第5页，此课件共21页哦
二、形式
(1)肯定式为：have/ has +been +done。
如：
The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很 成功。 (2)否定式为：have/ has +not +been +done。 如： Tom’s novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版 。
被动语态PPT课件
一般过去时
肯定句结构
主语 + was/were + 动词的过去 分词 + 其他成分
否定句结构
主语 + was/were + not + 动词的 过去分词 + 其他成分
疑问句结构
Was/Were + 主语 + 动词的过去分 词 + 其他成分？
一般将来时
01
02
03
肯定句结构
主语 + will be + 动词的 过去分词 + 其他成分
01
当主动句中的宾语在被动句中变为主语时，其后的宾语补足语
相应地变为主语补足语。
保留宾语补足语
02
有些动词的宾语补足语在被动句中保持不变，仍然对主语进行
补充说明。
省略宾语补足语
03
在某些情况下，被动句中的宾语补足语可以省略，不影响句子
的意思。
双宾语句子转化为被动句
双宾语均可变主语
主动句中的两个宾语在被动句中 都可以变为主语，分别构成两个
如何区分被动语态和过去分词作定语 ？
疑难问题解答
01
哪些动词不能用于被动 语态？
02
不及物动词，如 happen, occur等。
03
04
表示状态的系动词，如 be, seem, appear等。
表示归属的动词，如 belong to, consist of 等。
THANKS
感谢观看
在不需要强调动作承受者或避免提及动作执行者的情况下，尽量使用主动语态。
在科技论文、新闻报道等正式文体中，适当使用被动语态可以增加文章的客观性和 正式度，但要避免过度使用。
06
被动语态(一般现在时态、一般过去时态、一般将来时态、现在完成时态)复习课件
巩固训练
This library was built by us last year. TV was watched by me yesterday evening. I was passed a book by him. A book was passed to me by him. I was heard to sing by her in the next room.
Information has not been received online today.
Has Miss Brown taught English for years?Yes, he has.
The soldiers have not planted any trees on the river bank yet.
巩固训练三
用所给词的适当形式填空。 will be given 1.An English test __________(give) next day. 2.The little girl __________ (sent) to school will be sent tomorrow. 3.The children will sing an English song. (改为 被动语态) An English song will be sung by the ___ ___ ____ children. 改错 The apple is going to be eaten by two people. is
was opened 1.Our school _____ _______in 2002.(开办)
be ____ after 2.The young trees must__ looked____well.(照顾) built 3. _____ this building_________(建成)last year? Was 4.The book _____ _______(写)by him last year. was written 5. The bridge _______ _______(不建造)in1989.. wasn’t built
九年级英语Unit5被动语态课件(PPT34张)
⑸现在完成时的被动语态 have/has +been + spoken eg: My car has been repaired . 我的汽车已经修好了
4.带情态动词的被动语态
①基本构成形式：情态动词+be+过去分词 eg: This must be done as soon as possible. 这件事必须 尽快做。 eg: An art school may be opened next year. 明年可能 开办一所艺术学校 ②句式 肯定句：主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+by…. 否定句：主语+情态动词+not +be +过去分词+by… 一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+by…. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词（不作主语）+情态动词+主语+be原形+ 过去分词+by…. 特殊疑问词（作主语）+情态动词+be原形+过去分词 +by…. eg：When can my computer be repaired. 我的电脑什么时候能修好？
练习：将下列主动语态改为被动语态句子。 1. The computer club held a writing competition(竞赛）. A writing competition was held by the computer club. 2. The fastest player finished the game in eight hours .
was showed
will be held by Beijing
3. Miss Deng teaches us English. → We are taught English by Miss Deng . → English is taught to us by Miss Deng .
被动语态ppt课件完整版
一般现在时、过去时、将来时
一般现在时被动语态
am/is/are + 动词过去分词，表示经 常性或习惯性的动作，或与现在事实 相联系的情况。
一般将来时被动语态
will be + 动词过去分词，表示将来某 一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般过去时被动语态
was/were + 动词过去分词，表示过 去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态 。
议上讨论。）
动词形式变化规则
现在进行时
am/is/are being+过去分词。例如：The house is being repaired. （房子正在修理中。）
过去进行时
was/were being+过去分词。例如：He was being operated on when we arrived.（我们到达时他正在接受手术。）
情态动词后接完成式时，有时也可以表示虚拟语气，表示与 过去事实相反的假设或愿望。在这种情况下，句子通常使用 倒装语序，即把情态动词放在主语之前。
05Байду номын сангаас
误用与避免方法探讨
常见误用类型分析
主谓不一致
在被动语态中，主语通常是动作的承受者，谓语应与主语保持一致。然而，有时会出现主 谓不一致的错误，如“The book was wrote by him.”（正确形式应为“The book was written by him.”）
如果不定式前面的名词是对句子的主语的特点进行的说明的时候，使用不定式的主 动语态表示被动含义。
在there be句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重 点在人。
动名词作主语或宾语补足语时
动名词作主语时，谓语动词为单数，在动名词和不定式中，作为介词的宾语是动 名词，动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词，通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻 辑主语。
被动语态课件(20张ppt)
The book is worth reading.
Practice
1. It’s unfair. He should not __b_e_t_r_e_a_te_d___ ( treat) in this way.
2. A watch was given _t_o_____ him as a Christmas present.
A. 现在分词一般式doing→ being done
B、现在分词完成时having done→having been done C.动词不定式一般式to do→to be done D.动词不定式完成时to have done→to have been done
被动语态
I read the book every day. → The book is read (by me) every day.
普遍认为…… It is generally considered that …
有人建议…… It is suggested that …
以下情况常用主动形式表示被动含义：
① 系动词feel, look, seem, appear, taste, sound, smell, prove, remain等用主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是 事物。
3. The baby is being looked _a_ft_e_r___ carefully. 4. He often makes his sister __c_ry______ (cry), but
today he was made __to__c_r_y_ (cry) by his sister. 5. This room _b_e_lo__n_g_s__ (belong) to me. 6. The music I listened just now __s_o_u_n_d_e_d_ ( sound)
Practice
1. It’s unfair. He should not __b_e_t_r_e_a_te_d___ ( treat) in this way.
2. A watch was given _t_o_____ him as a Christmas present.
A. 现在分词一般式doing→ being done
B、现在分词完成时having done→having been done C.动词不定式一般式to do→to be done D.动词不定式完成时to have done→to have been done
被动语态
I read the book every day. → The book is read (by me) every day.
普遍认为…… It is generally considered that …
有人建议…… It is suggested that …
以下情况常用主动形式表示被动含义：
① 系动词feel, look, seem, appear, taste, sound, smell, prove, remain等用主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是 事物。
3. The baby is being looked _a_ft_e_r___ carefully. 4. He often makes his sister __c_ry______ (cry), but
today he was made __to__c_r_y_ (cry) by his sister. 5. This room _b_e_lo__n_g_s__ (belong) to me. 6. The music I listened just now __s_o_u_n_d_e_d_ ( sound)
被动语态全课件
buy, get, do, pay, sing.
被动语态全课件
把下列句子变为主动语态：
1.They made shoes in that factory. 2.They will make shoes in that factory. 3.They would make shoes in that factory. 4.They can make shoes in that factory. 5.They have made shoes in that factory. 6.They had made shoes in that factory. 7.They are making shoes in that factory. 8.They were making shoes in that factory
The famous man was being interviewed by her
过去进行时被动结构： was/were + being +PP
被动语态全课件
Exercise: He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night.
Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday.
They make shoes in that factory.
are
Shoes
made by them in that factory.
were
被动语态全课件
1. Tom broke the window.
The window was broken by Tom.
2.He broke the windows.
They would have a party the next day. A party would be had (by them) the next day.
被动语态全课件
把下列句子变为主动语态：
1.They made shoes in that factory. 2.They will make shoes in that factory. 3.They would make shoes in that factory. 4.They can make shoes in that factory. 5.They have made shoes in that factory. 6.They had made shoes in that factory. 7.They are making shoes in that factory. 8.They were making shoes in that factory
The famous man was being interviewed by her
过去进行时被动结构： was/were + being +PP
被动语态全课件
Exercise: He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night.
Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday.
They make shoes in that factory.
are
Shoes
made by them in that factory.
were
被动语态全课件
1. Tom broke the window.
The window was broken by Tom.
2.He broke the windows.
They would have a party the next day. A party would be had (by them) the next day.
现在完成时被动语态ppt
02 Although the problem has been solved, we still need to be cautious about similar issues.
02 Unless the situation has been improved, we cannot move forward with the plan.
要点二
与将来时连用
现在完成时被动语态也可以与将来时连用，表示将来某个时 间要发生的动作在现在已经完成了某些准备工作。例如， “The meeting will be held tomorrow, and the necessary preparations have been made.”（会议明天举 行，必要的准备工作已经完成了。）这句话中，将来时“will be held”和现在完成时被动语态“have been made”连用， 表示准备工作已经完成。
否定句结构
要点一
主语 + have/has + not + been …
The problem has not been solved yet. 问题还没有解决 。
要点二
主语 + have/has + never + bee…
He has never been late for work. 他上班从未迟到过。
主谓不一致问题
错误示例
The books have been sold out yesterday.
纠正方法
确保主语和谓语在数和时态上保持一致。正确句子应为：The books have been sold out.
忽略助动词使用
错误示例
The house has painted by my father.
02 Unless the situation has been improved, we cannot move forward with the plan.
要点二
与将来时连用
现在完成时被动语态也可以与将来时连用，表示将来某个时 间要发生的动作在现在已经完成了某些准备工作。例如， “The meeting will be held tomorrow, and the necessary preparations have been made.”（会议明天举 行，必要的准备工作已经完成了。）这句话中，将来时“will be held”和现在完成时被动语态“have been made”连用， 表示准备工作已经完成。
否定句结构
要点一
主语 + have/has + not + been …
The problem has not been solved yet. 问题还没有解决 。
要点二
主语 + have/has + never + bee…
He has never been late for work. 他上班从未迟到过。
主谓不一致问题
错误示例
The books have been sold out yesterday.
纠正方法
确保主语和谓语在数和时态上保持一致。正确句子应为：The books have been sold out.
忽略助动词使用
错误示例
The house has painted by my father.
被动语态全ppt课件
时态不一致错误
错误示例
The letter was wrote yesterday.
纠正方法
将was wrote改为was written，即The letter was written yesterday.
注意事项
在被动语态中，谓语动词的时态要与句子中的时间状语保 持一致。如果时间状语是过去时，谓语动词要用过去时的 被动语态形式。
作用
被动语态在句子中主要起强调动 作承受者、使句子结构平衡、表 达客观事实等作用。
构成要素
助动词be+动词的过去分词
被动语态的基本构成是助动词be加上动词的过去分词。根据时态和主语的不同 ，助动词be会有不同的形式。
by+动作执行者
在被动语态中，动作的执行者通常由介词by引出，放在谓语动词之后。如果动 作执行者不明确或不重要，可以省略。
选择题
• 题目2：The house _____ we live in is very old.
选择题
A. which B. that
C. in which
选择题
答案：C
解析：此句为定语从句，先行词为house，在从句中作live in的宾语，因此应用关系代词which或that，且live in为不及物动 词短语，需加上介词in。因此正确答案为C。
填空题
题目1
The film _____ (direct) by a famous director.
答案
was directed
解析
根据句意可知，此句应用一般过去时，且film与direct之 间为被动关系，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态was directed。
题目2
The book _____ (translate) into many languages since it was published.
被动语态-课件ppt
eg: The desk needs repairing.
The film is worth seeing. 注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动 词不定式的被动形式。
eg: The desk needs repairing. The desk needs to be repaired.
9. 汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人 说”、
“大家说”等特殊句型的被动语态： 据说… … It is said that … 据报道… … It is reported that… 众所周知… … It is well known that … 据认为… … It is believed that… 据猜测… … It is guessed that … 据推测说… … It is supposed that … 据希望… … It is hoped that …
❖ We will have a sports meeting next week. A sports meeting will be had by us next week.
❖ Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.
Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.
Our class meeting will be held on Monday. 我们的班会将在周一举行。
Trees should be planted every year. 每年都应该栽树。
2.主动语态变被动语态口诀：
宾语提前主语变， 原主变宾by后见， 时态人称be关键。
The film is worth seeing. 注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动 词不定式的被动形式。
eg: The desk needs repairing. The desk needs to be repaired.
9. 汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人 说”、
“大家说”等特殊句型的被动语态： 据说… … It is said that … 据报道… … It is reported that… 众所周知… … It is well known that … 据认为… … It is believed that… 据猜测… … It is guessed that … 据推测说… … It is supposed that … 据希望… … It is hoped that …
❖ We will have a sports meeting next week. A sports meeting will be had by us next week.
❖ Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.
Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.
Our class meeting will be held on Monday. 我们的班会将在周一举行。
Trees should be planted every year. 每年都应该栽树。
2.主动语态变被动语态口诀：
宾语提前主语变， 原主变宾by后见， 时态人称be关键。
现在完成时的被动语态公开课件
The prizes this year have been awarded to four students for their outstanding work. It has been decided that the prize for hard work in science will be presented to Wang xiaoding. Wu Lei has been given the prize for getting the highest scores in the tests all year. Her hard work deserves this prize.Li Li has been given the prize for her excellent work in English. Among other things the wrote and put on a play for the other classes in the school. It was highly praised. Zhang Hong will recieve the prize as the best behaves student in the class. Her excellent behavior has been noticed many times. We are glad to announce that sh e has been given a place to study maths at Peking University. The local leaders of our area have been so impressed with the work of these four students that they have offered each of them a scholarship of five thousand yuan to help them with their studies.Thank you!
现在完成时被动语态
精品课件
精品课件
4. ---- How long ____ at this job? ---- Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed
This book was 精品课件 published in
(2) 强调动作的承受者, 而不强调动作的执行 者。
如: The window was broken by Mike.
窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.
这本书是他写的。
精品课件
Exercises
中。 如： (1) How long has the machine been used？
这机器使用有多久了？ (2)He has been told about it for many times.
有人告诉他这事很多次了。 精品课件 （可能还会有人
1. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, take part in , cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。(字典里
精品课件
. 现在完成时的被动语态 一、概念 现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的 动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但 主语为动作的承受者，表示“…… 已经被……”。 如： （动作的承受者） The new school has been set up. 新学校已经建成了。
精品课件
二、形式
(1)肯定式为：have/ has +been +done。
精品课件
4. ---- How long ____ at this job? ---- Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed
This book was 精品课件 published in
(2) 强调动作的承受者, 而不强调动作的执行 者。
如: The window was broken by Mike.
窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.
这本书是他写的。
精品课件
Exercises
中。 如： (1) How long has the machine been used？
这机器使用有多久了？ (2)He has been told about it for many times.
有人告诉他这事很多次了。 精品课件 （可能还会有人
1. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, take part in , cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。(字典里
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. 现在完成时的被动语态 一、概念 现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的 动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但 主语为动作的承受者，表示“…… 已经被……”。 如： （动作的承受者） The new school has been set up. 新学校已经建成了。
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二、形式
(1)肯定式为：have/ has +been +done。
新译林牛津 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态B2U2 Grammar and usage 课件
这本书已被翻译成多种语言。
2.否定式： 主语+have/has + not been done.
This book has not been translated into many languages.
这本书没有被翻译成多种语言。
3.现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将 ha_v_e_/_h_a_s_提到主语的前面。
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
3.一般疑问式： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + done
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse these days?
这些婴儿这些天正由这个护士照看吗？
4.特殊疑问式： 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being + done + 其他？
Has this book been translated into many languages.
这本书已被翻译成多种语言吗？
4.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has +been +v-ed?
Why has this book been translated into many languages?
voice iisn/atrhe/eamp+rbeesienng tdocnoentinuous and present perfect tenses and fill in the table below. The first two have
been done for you.
have/has +been done
2.否定式： 主语+have/has + not been done.
This book has not been translated into many languages.
这本书没有被翻译成多种语言。
3.现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将 ha_v_e_/_h_a_s_提到主语的前面。
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
3.一般疑问式： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + done
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse these days?
这些婴儿这些天正由这个护士照看吗？
4.特殊疑问式： 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being + done + 其他？
Has this book been translated into many languages.
这本书已被翻译成多种语言吗？
4.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has +been +v-ed?
Why has this book been translated into many languages?
voice iisn/atrhe/eamp+rbeesienng tdocnoentinuous and present perfect tenses and fill in the table below. The first two have
been done for you.
have/has +been done
现在完成时的被动语态(收藏)
(1) I’m sorry, but the letters
(not print)
yet. Who have been told the good news yet?
(2) The plan
(discuss) for nearly two
hours. (3) She
have not been printed (not hear) from since then.
接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。 主动：My mother has given me a shirt. 被动：I have been given a shirt by my mother. 被动：A shirt has been given to me by my mother.
Exercise 3
has been closed
改错
been
1. A personal computer has bought by us. ∧ 2. Many problems has been found with our new computer.
3. A PC has been builded the way we wanted.
现在完成时的被动语态
Revision
❖ 一般现在时的被动语态： ❖ 一般将来时的被动语态：
am/are/is done will/shall be done
Exercise 1
1. Sailing races 2. Food
will (bheelhde)ldon the lake at 11:30Tuesday. (serve) between 12:00 and 14:00 every day.
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4. ---- How long ____ at this job?
---- Since 1990.
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed D. will you be employed
6. Betty___ injured since last Saturday.
How long ago was态的用法:
(1) 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
如: Some new computers were stolen
last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.
二、形式 (1)肯定式为：have/ has +been +done。 如： The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验 做得很成功。 (2)否定式为：have/ has +not +been +done。 如： Tom’s novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没 有被出版。 (3)一般疑问句需将have /has提到主语的前面。 如： Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗? (4)特殊疑问句为：疑问词+have /has +been +done? 如： Who has been invited? 谁受到了邀请?
station that ___ in my hometown.
A. has set up
B. has been set up
C. was set up D. is set up 2. _____ the sports meet will be put off.
A. I’ve been told
C. I’m told
3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可 能持续下去。常与for或since引导的时间状 语连用，或用于How long．．．？句型中。 如： (1) How long has the machine been used？ 这机器使用有多久了？ (2)He has been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。 （可能还会有人告诉他）
这本书出版于1981年。
(2) 强调动作的承受者, 而不强调动作的执行者。 如: The window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.
这本书是他写的。
Exercises
1. Both my brother work at the power
需要注意的问题： 1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。如：
The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt.
张飞庙已经过重建。
（The Temple of Zhang）
2.表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现 在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结 果。 如: The door has been locked. 门已经被锁上了。 （我或别人现在进不去）
B. I’ve told
D. I told
3. All the preparation for the task ____,
and we’re ready to start.
A. completed
B. complete C. had been completed D. have been done
He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30 年了。 He has lived here since 1978.自从 1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。 （动作起始于1978年，一直住到现 在，可能还要继续住下去。）
.
现在完成时的被动语态 一、概念 现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的 动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但 主语为动作的承受者，表示“…… 已经被……”。 如： （动作的承受者） The new school has been set up. 新 学校已经建成了。
8. Great changes___ in my hometown
and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place; are being set
up B. have taken place; have been set up C. are taken place; had been set up D. took place; will set up
后添加上某个介词，如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。
)
[误] Great changes have been taken
place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in
China since 1978.
2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时
A. has been
B. was
C. is
D. has
7. --Did you move into the new house?
-- No. The rooms ___ yet.
A. were being painted
B. are painting
C. have not painted D. have not been painted
1. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, take part in , cost, last等不及物动词或词组
无被动语态。(字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物
动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其
常用主动语态。如：
[误] The door has been opened of itself.
[正] The door has opened of itself.
2. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词 或副词。如： The SARS patients have been taken good care of.
现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，
但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在
的情况。
二． 句型： 肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词 +其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词 +其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯 定) No, 主语+haven't/hasn't.(否定)
2.一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin,
buy, start, return, marry, open, join等
构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与
表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。
如： My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 我哥哥的自行车差不多买了四年了。 How long has this book been bought?
The Present Perfect Passive Voice
现在完成时的被动语态
1. 复习时态（主动）
现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词) 表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发 生或完成了（不一定结束）的动作或状态。 过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有 可能还会持续的动作或状态。