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（呼啸山庄）Wuthering-Heights-英文介绍及赏析第一篇：(呼啸山庄)Wuthering-Heights-英文介绍及赏析呼啸山庄Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety.The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted.And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters.As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.Today, Wuthering Heights has a secure position in the canon of world literature, and Emily Brontë is revered as one of the finest writers—male or female—of the nineteenth century.Like Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights is based partly on the Gothic tradition of the late eighteenth century, a style of literature that featured supernatural encounters, crumbling ruins, moonless nights, and grotesque imagery, seeking to create effects of mystery and fear.But Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety.The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted.And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters.As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love storiesin all of literature.Analysis of Major Characters Heathcliff Wuthering Heights centers around the story of Heathcliff.The first paragraph of the novel provides a vivid physical picture of him, as Lockwood describes how his “black eyes” withdraw suspiciously under his brows at Lockwood’s approach.Nelly’s story begins with his introduction into the Earnshaw family, his vengeful machinations drive the entire plot, and his death ends the book.The desire to understand him and his motivations has kept countless readers engaged in the novel.Heathcliff, however, defies being understood, and it is difficult for readers to resist seeing what they want or expect to see in him.The novel teases the reader with the possibility that Heathcliff is something other than what he seems—that his cruelty is merely an expression of his frustrated love for Catherine, or that his sinister behaviors serve to conceal the heart of a romantic hero.We expect Heathcliff’s character to contain such a hidden virtue because he resembles a hero in a romance novel.Traditionally, romance novel heroes appear dangerous, brooding, and cold at first, only later to emerge as fiercely devoted and loving.One hundred years before Emily Brontë wrote Wuthering Heights, the notion that “a reformed rake makes the best husband” was already a cliché of romantic literature, and romance novels center around the same cliché to this day.However, Heathcliff does not reform, and his malevolence proves so great and long-lasting that it cannot be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge against Hindley, Catherine, Edgar, etc.As he himself points out, his abuse of Isabella is purely sadistic, as he amuses himself by seeing how much abuse she can take and still come cringing back for more.Critic Joyce Carol Oates argues that Emily Brontë does the same thing to the reader that Heathcliff does to Isabella, testingto see how many times the reader can be shocked by Heathcliff’s gratuitous violence and still, masochistically, insist on seeing him as a romantic hero.呼啸山庄It is significant that Heathcliff begins his life as a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool.When Brontë composed her book, in the 1840s, the English economy was severely depressed, and the conditions of the factory workers in industrial areas like Liverpool were so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violent revolt.Thus, many of the more affluent members of society beheld these workers with a mixture of sympathy and fear.In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell.The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of England’s “dark Satanic Mills.” Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book.Considering this historical context, Heathcliff seems to embody the anxieties that the book’s upper-and middle-class audience had about the working classes.The reader may easily sympathize with him when he is powerless, as a child tyrannized by Hindley Earnshaw, but he becomes a villain when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman.This corresponds with the ambivalence the upper classes felt toward the lower classes—the upper classes had charitable impulses toward lower-class citizens when they were miserable, but feared the prospect of the lower classes trying to escape their miserable circumstances by acquiring political, social, cultural, or economic power.Catherine The location of Catherine’s coffin symbolizes the conflict that tears apart her short life.She is not buried in the chapel with the Lintons.Nor isher coffin placed among the tombs of the Earnshaws.Instead, as Nelly describes in Chapter XVI, Catherine is buried “in a corner of the kirkyard, where the wall is so low that heath and bilberry plants have climbed over it from the moor.” Moreover, she is buried with Edgar on one side and Heathcliff on the other, suggesting her conflicted loyalties.Her actions are driven in part by her social ambitions, which initially are awakened during her first stay at the Lintons’, and which eventually compel her to marry Edgar.However, she is also motivated by impulses that prompt her to violate social conventions—to love Heathcliff, throw temper tantrums, and run around on the moor.Edgar Just as Isabella Linton serves as Catherine’s foil, Edgar Linton serves as Heathcliff’s.Edgar is born and raised a gentleman.He is graceful, well-mannered, and instilled with civilized virtues.These qualities cause Catherine to choose Edgar over Heathcliff and thus to initiate the contention between the men.Nevertheless, Edgar’s gentlemanly qualities ultimately prove useless in his ensuing rivalry with Heathcliff.Edgar is particularly humiliated by his confrontation with Heathcliff in Chapter XI, in which he openly shows his fear of fighting Heathcliff.Catherine, having witnessed the scene, taunts him, saying, “Heathcliff would as soon lift a finger at you as the king would march his army against a colony of mice.” As the reader can see from the earli est descriptions of Edgar as a spoiled child, his refinement is tied to his helplessness and impotence.Charlotte Brontë, in her preface to the 1850 edition of Wuthering Heights, refers to Edgar as “an example of constancy and tenderness,” and goes on to su ggest that her sister Emily was using Edgar to point out that such characteristics constitute true virtues in all human beings, and not just in women, as society tended to believe.However, Charlotte’s readingseems influenced by her own feminist agenda.Edg ar’s inability to counter Heathcliff’s vengeance, and his naïve belief on his deathbed in his daughter’s safety and happiness, make him a weak, if sympathetic, characterThemes, MotifsThemes Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.Moreover, Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical.Catherine declares, famously, “I am Heathcliff,” while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, wails that he cannot live without his “soul,” meaning Catherine.Their love denies difference, and is strangely asexual.The two do not kiss in dark corners or arrange secret trysts, as adulterers do.Given that Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based upon their refusal to change over time or embrace difference in others, it is fitting that the disastrous problems of their generation are overcome not by some climactic reversal, but simply by the inexorable passage of time, and the rise of a new and distinct generation.Ultimately, Wuthering Heights presents a vision of life as a process of change, and celebrates this process over and against the romantic intensity of its principal呼啸山庄characters.As members of the gentry, the Earnshaws and the Lintons occupy a somewhat precarious place within the hierarchy of late eighteenth-and early nineteenth-century British society.At the top of British society was the royalty, followed by the aristocracy, then by the gentry, and then by the lower classes, who made up the vast majority of the population.Although the gentry, or upper middle class, possessed servants and often large estates, they held a nonetheless fragile social position.The socialstatus of aristocrats was a formal and settled matter, because aristocrats had official titles.Members of the gentry, however, held no titles, and their status was thus subject to change.A man might see himself as a gentleman but find, to his embarrassment, that his neighbors did not share this view.A discussion of whether or not a man was really a gentleman would consider such questions as how much land he owned, how many tenants and servants he had, how he spoke, whether he kept horses and a carriage, and whether his money came from land or “trade”—gentlemen scorned banking and commercial activities.Considerations of class status often crucially inform the characters’ motivations in Wuthering Heights.Catherine’s decision to marry Edgar so that she will be “the greatest woman of the neighborhood” is only the most obvious example.The Lintons are relatively firm in their gentry status but nonetheless take great pains to prove this status through their behaviors.The Earnshaws, on the other hand, rest on much shakier ground socially.They do not have a carriage, they have less land, and their house, as Lockwood remarks with great puzzlement, resembles that of a “homely, northern farmer” and not that of a gentleman.The shifting nature of social status is demonstrated most strikingly in Heathcliff’s trajectory from homeless waif to young gentleman-by-adoption to common laborer to gentleman again(although the status-conscious Lockwood remarks that Heathcliff is only a gentleman in “dress and manners”).第二篇：呼啸山庄英文赏析Wuthering Heights which has long been one of the most popular and highly regarded novels in English literature, it has a secure position in the canon of world literature.As a shattering presentation of the doomed love between the passionateCatherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.In Wuthering Heights, Nature is represented by the Earnshaw family and especially Catherine and Heathcliff.These characters are governed by their emotions, not by reflection or ideals of civility.Wuthering Heights symbolized a similar wildness.On the other hand, Thrushcross Grange and the Linton family represent culture, refinement, convention, and cultivation.Wuthering heights, through a love tragedy, presented a picture of deformity of the social life and Outlines a kind of humanity twisted by society and all kinds of terrible events.The story ended with Heathcliff’s suicide.He died for love and his death shows his love to Katherine.He gave up the revenge to the younger generation after he knew that young Catherine and Harleton had fallen in love with each other shows that he was kind in nature.It was the cruel reality that twisted his humanity and made him become brutal and heartless.This kind of recovery of humanity was sublimation in spirit and it glared a kind of humanitarian ideal of the author and endows the terrible love tragedy some hope.Theref ore, Heathcliff’s change of “love---hate---revenge---a recovery of humanity” is not only the essence of the novel but also a clue throughout the whole novel.According to the clue, the author arranged an unpredictable scene for us.Sometimes it was the moor full of clouds, sometimes it was courtyard with a sudden rain and wind.The story has always been shrouded in a kind of mysterious and horrible atmosphere.The novel is actually structured around two parallel love stories, the first half of the novel told about the love between Catherine and Heathcliff, while the rest dramatic second half told developing love between young Catherine and Harleton.In contrast to the first, the latter tale ends happily,restoring peace and order to Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange.The most important feature of young Catherine and Harleton’s love story is that it involves growth and change.Early in the novel Harleton seems brutal, savage, and illiterate, but over time he becomes a loyal friend to young Catherine and learns to read.Catherine and Heathcliff’s love, on the other hand, is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change.In choosing to marry Edgar, Catherine seeks a more genteel life, but she refuses to adapt to her role as wife, either by sacrificing Heathcliff or embracing Edgar.Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical.As Catherine declares, “I am Heathcliff,” while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, said that he cannot live without his “soul,”meaning Catherine.Catherine’s betrayal and her bitter destiny was the turning point of the whole story.It made Heathcliff change his love to hate.After Catherine died, the hate became the motivation of his revenge.He successfully attained his objective.Not only he let Edgar and the Linton died in desolation and possessed their property but also let their innocent younger generation experience the hardships.This kind of crazy revenge clearly showed his uncommon and rebellious behavior.This special spirit of revolt was formed by the special environment and his special character.Heathcliff’s love tragedy was a tragedy of the society and that time.Wuthering Heights was known as “most strange novel” in the history of English literature and it was an unpredictabl e “strange book”.The reason is that it was different from the sentimentalism that lies in the works of the same age.It replaced the deep sadness and depression with intense love, brutal hate and ruthless revenge.It just like a strange lyric poem, imagination and intensive emotionexisted among the words and between the lines and it had a kind of amazing artistic power.第三篇：呼啸山庄英文赏析[定稿]Wuthering Heights which has long been one of the most popular and highly regarded novels in English literature, it has a secure position in the canon of world literature.As a shattering presentation of the doomed love between the passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.In Wuthering Heights, Nature is represented by the Earnshaw family and especially Catherine and Heathcliff.These characters are governed by their emotions, not by reflection or ideals of civility.Wuthering Heights symbolized a similar wildness.On the other hand, Thrushcross Grange and the Linton family represent culture, refinement, convention, and cultivation.Wuthering heights, through a love tragedy, presented a picture of deformity of the social life and Outlines a kind of humanity twisted by society and all kinds of terrible events.The story en ded with Heathcliff’s suicide.He died for love and his death shows his love to Katherine.He gave up the revenge to the younger generation after he knew that young Catherine and Harleton had fallen in love with each other shows that he was kind in nature.It was the cruel reality that twisted his humanity and made him become brutal and heartless.This kind of recovery of humanity was sublimation in spirit and it glared a kind of humanitarian ideal of the author and endows the terrible love tragedy some hope.Th erefore, Heathcliff’s change of “love---hate---revenge---a recovery of humanity” is not only the essence of the novel but also a clue throughout the whole novel.According to the clue, the author arranged an unpredictable scene for us.Sometimes it was the moor full ofclouds, sometimes it was courtyard with a sudden rain and wind.The story has always been shrouded in a kind of mysterious and horrible atmosphere.The novel is actually structured around two parallel love stories, the first half of the novel told about the love between Catherine and Heathcliff, while the rest dramatic second half told developing love between young Catherine and Harleton.In contrast to the first, the latter tale ends happily, restoring peace and order to Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange.The most important feature of young Catherine and Harleton’s love story is that it involves growth and change.Early in thenovel Harleton seems brutal, savage, and illiterate, but over time he becomes a loyal friend to young Catherine and learns to read.Catherine and Heathcliff’s love, on the other hand, is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change.In choosing to marry Edgar, Catherine seeks a more genteel life, but she refuses to adapt to her role as wife, either by sacrificing Heathcliff or embracing Edgar.Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical.As Catherine declares, “I am Heathcliff,” while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, said that he cannot live without his “soul,” meaning Catherine.Catherine’s betrayal and her bitter destiny was the turning point of the whole story.It made Heathcliff change his love to hate.After Catherine died, the hate became the motivation of his revenge.He successfully attained his objective.Not only he let Edgar and the Linton died in desolation and possessed their property but also let their innocent younger generation experience the hardships.This kind of crazy revenge clearly showed his uncommon and rebellious behavior.This special spirit of revolt was formed by the specialenvironment and his special character.Heathcliff’s love tragedy was a tragedy of the society and that time.Wuthering Heights was known as “most strange novel” in the history of English literature and it was an unpredic table “strange book”.The reason is that it was different from the sentimentalism that lies in the works of the same age.It replaced the deep sadness and depression with intense love, brutal hate and ruthless revenge.It just like a strange lyric poem, imagination and intensive emotion existed among the words and between the lines and it had a kind of amazing artistic power.第四篇：呼啸山庄英文读后感呼啸山庄英文读后感The book,Wuthering Heihts written in 1847,by Emily Bronte.It is a very good novel.The story in this novel deeply moved everyone who had read it and the structure of this novel is very fresh.At first I will tell you the main plot about Wuthering Heights.The story is narrated by Lockwood, a gentleman visiting the Yorkshire moors where the novel is set, and of Mrs Dean, housekeeper to the Earnshaw Family, who had been witness of the interlocked destinies of the original owners of the Heights.Described the love and enmity between Earnshaw and Linton’s family, especially Heathcliff and Catherine’s deeply love.Heathcliff is brought to Heights from the streets of Liverpool by Mr Earnshaw.Heathcliff is treated asEarnshaw’s own children, Catherine and Hindley.Heathcliff is bullied by Hindley after Earnshaw death and his lover Catherine marries Edgar Linton for many factors.This made Heathcliff mad, his destructive force is unleashed and his first victim is his beloved, Catherine, who dies giving birth to a girl, another Catherine(Kathy).Edgar’s sister, whom he had married, flees tothe south.Their son Linton and Kathy are married, but always sickly Linton dies.After that, Hareton, Hindley’s son and the young widow fall in love.Increasinglyisolated and alienated from daily life, Heathcliff experiences visions, and he longs for the death that will reunite him with Catherine.The story is wonderful, and the structure is also extremely excellent.The author Emily Bronte use a series of flashbacks and time shifts draws a powerful picture of this story.Because of its wonderful story, excellent structure and graceful language, the book left a deep impression on me.From this book, we understand the deeply love and enmity.We find that the enmity always touched by deeply love at the end of the story, true feelings and true love always moved everyone.So we must treat others with true feeling s.That’s all I want to say about Wuthering Heights.It’s really a good book.Readers will really gain much from this book.|第五篇：《呼啸山庄》英文读后感《呼啸山庄》英文读后感Published in 1847, WUTHERING HEIGHTS was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnatural--and author Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure.It was not until 1850, when WUTHERING HEIGHTS received a second printing with an introduction by Emily's sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership.And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back.Today it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature.Even so, WUTHERING HEIGHTS continues to divide readers.It is not a pretty love story;rather, it is swirling tale of largely unlikeable people caught up in obsessive love that turns to dark madness.Itis cruel, violent, dark and brooding, and many people find it extremely unpleasant.And yet--it possesses a grandeur of language and design, a sense of tremendous pity and great loss that sets it apart from virtually every other novel written.The novel is told in the form of an extended flashback.After a visit to his strange landlord, a newcomer to the area desires to know the history of the family--which he receives from Nelly Deans, a servant who introduces us to the Earnshaw family who once resided in the house known as Wuthering Heights.It was once a cheerful place, but Old Earnshaw adopted a Gipsy child who he named Heathcliff.And Catherine, daughter of the house, found in him the perfect companion wild, rude, and as proud and cruel as she.But although Catherine loves him, even recognizes him as her soulmate, she cannot lower herself to marry so far below her social station.She instead marries another, and in so doing sets in motion an obsession that will destroy them all.WUTHERING HEIGHTS is a bit difficult to get into;the opening chapters are so dark in their portrait of the end result of this obsessive love that they are somewhat off-putting.But they feed into the flow of the work in a remarkable way, setting the stage for one of the most remarkable structures in all of literature, a story that circles upon itself in a series of repetitions as it plays out across two generations.Catherine and Heathcliff are equally remarkable, both vicious and cruel, and yet never able to shed their impossible love no matter how brutally one may wound the other.As the novel coils further into alcoholism, seduction, and one of the most elaborately imagined plans of revenge it gathers into a ghostly tone Heathcliff, driven to madness by a woman who is not there but who seems reflected in every part of his world--dragging her corpse from the grave, hearing her callingto him from the moors, escalating his brutality not for the sake of brutality but so that her memory will never fade, so that she may never leave his mind until death itself.Yes, this is madness, insanity, and there is no peace this side of the grave or even beyond.It is a stunning novel, frightening, inexorable, unsettling, filled with unbridled passion that makes one cringe.Even if you do not like it, you should read it at least once--and those who do like it will return to it again and again。
《呼啸山庄》简介1801年，洛克乌先生来到山庄拜访希克厉先生，要租下他的画眉山庄，希克厉先生对他很粗暴，还有一群恶狗向他发起进攻。
但他还是又一次造访希克厉先生，他遇到了行为粗俗，不修边幅的英俊少年哈里顿恩肖，和貌美的希克厉先生之子的遗孀。
由于天黑又下雪希克厉先生不得不留他住了下来，夜里他做了一个奇怪的梦，梦见树枝打在窗齿打碎玻璃，想折断外头的树枝，可手指却触到一双冰凉的小手，一个幽灵似的啜泣声乞求他放她进来。
她说她叫卡瑟琳·恩萧，已经在这游荡了20年了，她想闯进来，吓得洛克乌失声大叫。
希克厉先生闻声赶来，让洛克乌出去，他自己扑倒在床上，哭着叫起来：“卡茜，来吧！啊，来呀，再来一次！啊，我心中最亲爱的！卡瑟琳，最后一次！”可窗外毫无声息，一阵冷风吹灭了蜡烛。
第二天，洛克乌先生来到画眉山庄，向女管家艾伦迪恩问起此事，女管家便讲了发生在呼啸山庄的事情。
呼啸山庄已有300年的历史，以前的主人欧肖夫妇从街头捡来一个吉普赛人的弃儿，收他做养子，这就是希克厉。
希克厉一到这家就受到才先生的儿子享德莱的欺负和虐待，可享德莱的妹妹卡瑟琳却与希克厉疯狂地相爱了。
老主人死了之后，已婚的享德莱成了呼啸山庄的主人。
他开始阻止希克厉和卡瑟琳的交往，并把希克厉赶到田里去干活，不断地差辱他，折磨他，他变得不近人情，近乎痴呆，卡瑟琳也变得野性十足。
一次，他们到画眉山庄去玩，卡瑟琳被狗咬伤，主人林敦夫妇知道她是欧肖家的孩子，就热情地留她养伤，而把希克厉当成坏小子赶跑了。
卡瑟琳和林敦的儿子埃德加、女儿伊莎贝拉成了好朋友。
卡瑟琳住了五个长星期回来后，变成温文尔雅，仪态万方的富家小姐。
当他再次见到希克厉时，生怕他弄脏了自己的衣服。
希克厉的自尊心受到了伤害，他说：“我愿意怎么脏，就怎么脏。
”他发誓要对享德莱进行报复，他心中的野性和愤恨全部对准享德莱。
1778年6月，享德莱的妻子生下哈里顿恩肖后因肺病死去，亨德莱受了很大的打击，从此变得更加残忍，更加冷酷无情。
呼啸山庄经典语录中英文对照The moors were bleak and vast, an emblem of the untamed passions that roamed within the hearts of Wuthering Heights' characters.荒野凄凉而辽阔，象征着呼啸山庄角色心中未被驯服的激情。
"I wish I were a girl again, half savage and hardy, and free; and laughing at injuries, not maddening under them." The words resonate with a longing for a simpler time, untainted by the complexities of love and hate.“我希望我再次成为一个半野蛮、坚韧、自由的女孩；在伤害面前笑而不疯狂。
”这些话语回响着对一个更简单时代的渴望，没有被爱恨的复杂性所污染。
"He's more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same." This quote encapsulates the deep bond between Catherine and Heathcliff, a bond that transcends the physical world.“他比我更像我自己。
无论我们的灵魂是由什么构成的，他的和我的是一样的。
”这句引文概括了凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫之间深厚的联系，这种联系超越了物质世界。
"I am Heathcliff." The simple declaration carries the weight of a man's identity, entwined with the very essence of Wuthering Heights.“我是希斯克利夫。
呼啸山庄简介英文版Emily Brontë's "Wuthering Heights" is a wild, passionate tale of love and revenge set in the Yorkshire moors. It follows the tumultuous relationship between Heathcliff, an orphan adopted by the Earnshaw family, and Catherine, the daughter of the household. Their bond is as intense as the stormy landscape they call home.As a child, Heathcliff is bullied by Catherine's brother, Hindley, but Catherine herself sees something special in him. Their friendship deepens into a love that defies social norms and family expectations. However, when Catherine marries Edgar Linton, a wealthy and gentlemanly neighbor, Heathcliff is devastated.Driven by jealousy and rage, Heathcliff plots revenge against those who have wronged him. He rises from poverty to become a wealthy landowner, but his heart remains as cold and empty as the winter moors. He marries Isabella, Edgar's sister, in a calculated move to get closer to theLinton estate, but his cruelty towards her and her son Linton is unforgiving.Meanwhile, Catherine's spirit lingers in the halls of Wuthering Heights, unable to rest in peace. Her ghostly presence haunts Heathcliff, reminding him of the love they once shared. As the years pass, Heathcliff's vengeful heart begins to soften, and he realizes that true happiness cannot be found through revenge. But it's a bittersweet ending, as Catherine's spirit finally finds peace,。
呼啸山庄中英文双语介绍Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights），英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特（Emily Brontë）的小说，也是她唯一的一部小说，于1847年首度出版。
当时因为内容对人性丑恶的描写而遭致非议，被称为是一本“可怕而野蛮”的书，书中写尽了寂寥的荒野、偏僻的古堡、粗暴的爱情，气氛阴郁而浓厚，被当时人所不容。
但是随着时间的推移，这部小说逐渐的被主流社会所认同，并且被认为是勃朗特姐妹所有的作品中最为出色的一部。
艾米丽独特的气质，对世界的感悟，对荒原的依恋和描写，给这部小说增添了独特的审美意味，这是这部小说明显不同于维多利亚时代其他小说的原因。
其中也继承了象征、恐怖和神秘等哥特小说手法。
小说的背景是十八世纪英格兰北部的约克郡，呼啸山庄的主人、恩肖先生（Earnshaw）带回一个身分不明的吉普赛男孩，取名希斯克利夫（Heathcliff），这位小男孩夺去了主人对小主人亨德利（Hindley）和他妹妹凯瑟琳（Catherine）的宠爱。
主人恩肖死后，亨德利从外地娶回一女子(法兰西斯)，继承了山庄，为了报复，他把希斯克利夫贬为奴仆，并百般迫害，可是妹妹凯瑟琳却和他产生了爱情，希斯克利夫天性倔强，性格敏感而多疑，两人之间却又存在着激烈的冲突。
后来，凯瑟琳受外界影响，改而爱上有钱、成熟的画眉庄园的青年埃德加·林顿（Edgar Linton）。
使希斯克利夫在暴风雨之夜愤而出走，三年后再出现时，已经是一名富商，他的出现造成呼啸山庄诡异的气氛，希斯克利夫的爱变得偏激，他不但想报复凯瑟琳，还不放过她身边的每一个人，他用赌博赢得了山庄，亨德利成为他的仆人，亨德利最后死得不明不白，儿子哈里顿则成了奴仆。
他还故意娶了埃德加的妹妹伊莎贝拉（Isabella）为妻，造成兄妹失和，并施以迫害。
埃德加反对凯瑟琳和希斯克里夫继续来往，这使得凯瑟琳越来越忧郁，内心痛苦不堪的凯瑟琳在生产中死去。
Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety. The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted. And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.Today, Wuthering Heights has a secure position in the canon of world literature, and Emily Brontëis revered as one of the finest writers—male or female—of the nineteenth century. Like Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights is based partly on the Gothic tradition of the late eighteenth century, a style of literature that featured supernatural encounters, crumbling ruins, moonless nights, and grotesque imagery, seeking to create effects of mystery and fear. But Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety. The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexh austed. And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.Analysis of Major CharactersHeathcliffWuthering Heights centers around the story of Heathcliff. The first paragraph of the novel provides a vivid physical picture of him, as Lockwood describes how his “black eyes〞withdraw suspiciously under his brows at Lockwood’s approach. Nelly’s story begins with his introduction into the Earnshaw family, his vengeful machinations drive the entire plot, and his death ends the book. The desire to understand him and his motivations has kept countless readers engaged in the novel.Heathcliff, however, defies being understood, and it is difficult for readers to resist seeing what they want or expect to see in him. The novel teases the reader with the possibility that Heathcliff is something other than what he seems—that his cruelty is merely an expression of his frustrated love for Catherine, or that his sinister behaviors serve to conceal the heart of a romantic hero. We expect Heathcliff’s character to contain such a hidden virtue because he resembles a hero in a romance novel. Traditionally, romance novel heroes appear dangerous, brooding, and cold at first, only later to emerge as fiercely devoted and loving. One hundred years before Emily Brontë wrote Wuthering Heights, the notion that “a reformed rake makes the best husband〞was already a clichéof romantic literature, and romance novels center around the same cliché to this day.However, Heathcliff does not reform, and his malevolence proves so great and long-lasting that it cannot be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge against Hindley, Catherine, Edgar, etc. As he himself points out, his abuse of Isabella is purely sadistic, as he amuses himself by seeing how much abuse she can take and still come cringing back for more. Critic Joyce Carol Oates argues that Emily Brontë does the same thing to the reader that Heathcliff does to Isabella, testing to see how many times the reader can be shocked by Heathcliff’s gratuitous violence and still, masochistically, insist on seeing him as a romantic hero.It is significant that Heathcliff begins his life as a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool. When Brontë composed her book, in the 1840s, the English economy was severely depressed, and the conditions of the factory workers in industrial areas like Liverpool were so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violent revolt. Thus, many of the more affluent members of societybeheld these workers with a mixture of sympathy and fear. In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell. The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of England’s “dark Satanic Mills.〞Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book.Considering this historical context, Heathcliff seems to embody the anxieties that the book’s upper- and middle-class audience had about the working classes. The reader may easily sympathize with him when he is powerless, as a child tyrannized by Hindley Earnshaw, but he becomes a villain when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman. This corresponds with the ambivalence the upper classes felt toward the lower classes—the upper classes had charitable impulses toward lower-class citizens when they were miserable, but feared the prospect of the lower classes trying to escape their miserable circumstances by acquiring political, social, cultural, or economic power.CatherineThe location of Catherine’s coffin symbolizes the conflict that tears apart her short life. She is not buried in the chapel with the Lintons. Nor is her coffin placed among the tombs of the Earnshaws. Instead, as Nelly describes in Chapter XVI, Catherine is buried “in a corner of the kirkyard, where the wall is so low that heath and bilberry plants have climbed over it from the moor.〞Moreover, she is buried with Edgar on one side and Heathcliff on the other, suggesting her conflicted loyalties. Her actions are driven in part by her social ambitions, which initially are awakened during her first stay at the Lintons’, and which eventually compel her to marry Edgar. However, she is also motivated by impulses that prompt her to violate social conventions—to love Heathcliff, throw temper tantrums, and run around on the moor.EdgarJust as Isabella Linton serves as Catherine’s foil, Edgar Linton serves as Heathcliff’s. Edgar is born and raised a gentleman. He is graceful, well-mannered, and instilled with civilized virtues. These qualities cause Catherine to choose Edgar over Heathcliff and thus to initiate the contention between the men. Nevertheless, Edgar’s gentlemanly qualities ultimately prove useless in his ensuing rivalry with Heathcliff. Edgar is particularly humiliated by his confrontation with Heathcliff in Chapter XI, in which he openly shows his fear of fighting Heathcliff. Catherine, having witnessed the scene, taunts him, saying, “Heathcliff would as soon lift a finger at you as the king would march his army against a colony of mice.〞As the reader can see from the earliest descriptions of Edgar as a spoiled child, his refinement is tied to his helplessness and impotence.Charlotte Brontë, in her preface to the 1850 edition of Wuthering Heights, refers to Edgar as “a n example of constancy and tenderness,〞and goes on to suggest that her sister Emily was using Edgar to point out that such characteristics constitute true virtues in all human beings, and not just in women, as society tended to believe. However, Charlotte’s reading seems influenced by her own feminist agenda. Edgar’s inability to counter Heathcliff’s vengeance, and his naïve belief on his deathbed in his daughter’s safety and happiness, make him a weak, if sympathetic, characterThemes, MotifsThemesThemes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.Moreover, Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical. Catherine declares, famously, “I am Heathcliff,〞while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, wails that he cannot live without his “soul,〞meaning Catherine. Their love denies difference, and is strangely asexual. The two do not kiss in dark corners or arrange secret trysts, as adulterers do. Given that Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based upon their refusal to change over time or embrace difference in others, it is fitting that the disastrous problems of their generation are overcome not by some climactic reversal, but simply by the inexorable passage of time, and the rise of a new and distinct generation. Ultimately, Wuthering Heights presents a vision of life as a process of change, and celebrates this process over and against the romantic intensity of its principal characters.As members of the gentry, the Earnshaws and the Lintons occupy a somewhat precarious placewithin the hierarchy of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century British society. At the top of British society was the royalty, followed by the aristocracy, then by the gentry, and then by the lower classes, who made up the vast majority of the population. Although the gentry, or upper middle class, possessed servants and often large estates, they held a nonetheless fragile social position. The social status of aristocrats was a formal and settled matter, because aristocrats had official titles. Members of the gentry, however, held no titles, and their status was thus subject to change. A man might see himself as a gentleman but find, to his embarrassment, that his neighbors did not share this view. A discussion of whether or not a man was really a gentleman would consider such questions as how much land he owned, how many tenants and servants he had, how he spoke, whether he kept horses and a carriage, and whether his money came from land or “trade〞—gentlemen scorned banking and commercial activities.Considerations of class status often crucially inform the characters’ motivations in Wuthering Heights. Catherine’s decision to marry Edgar so that she will be “the greatest woman of the neighborhood〞is only the most obvious example. The Lintons are relatively firm in their gentry status but nonetheless take great pains to prove this status through their behaviors. The Earnshaws, on the other hand, rest on much shakier ground socially. They do not have a carriage, they have less land, and their house, as Lockwood remarks with great puzzlement, resembles that of a “homely, northern farmer〞and not that of a gentleman. The shifting nature of social status is demonstrated most strikingly in Heathcliff’s trajectory f rom homeless waif to young gentleman-by-adoption to common laborer to gentleman again (although the status-conscious Lockwood remarks that Heathcliff is only a gentleman in “dress and manners〞).。
呼啸山庄英文内容简介Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontë's only novel. It was first published in 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell, and a posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte. The name of the novel comes from the Yorkshire manor on the moors on which the story centres (as an adjective, wuthering is a Yorkshire word referring to turbulent weather). The narrative tells the tale of the all-encompassing and passionate, yet thwarted, love between Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them and many around them. Now considered a classic of English literature, Wuthering Heights' innovative structure, which has been likened to a series of Matryoshka dolls,[citation needed] met with mixed reviews by critics when it first appeared, with many horrified by the stark depictions of mental and physical cruelty.[1][2] Though Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre was originally considered the best of the Brontë sisters' works, many subsequent critics of Wuthering Heights argued that its originality and achievement made it superior.[3] Wuthering Heights has also given rise to many adaptations and inspired works, including films, radio, television dramatisations, amusical by Bernard J. Taylor and songs (notably the hit Wuthering Heights by Kate Bush), ballet and opera. Contents1 Plot summary 2 Characters 3 Timeline 4 Local background 5 Literary allusions 5.1 Gothic and supernatural elements 6 Allusions/references in literature 7 Film, TV or theatrical adaptations 7.1 New versions 8 Musical allusions and adaptations 8.1 Opera 8.2 Other 9 References 10 External links Plot summary The narrative is non-linear, involving several flashbacks, and involves two narrators - Mr. Lockwood and Ellen "Nelly" Dean. The novel opens in 1801, with Lockwood arriving at Thrushcross Grange, a grand house on the Yorkshire moors he is renting from the surly Heathcliff, who lives at nearby Wuthering Heights. Lockwood spends the night at Wuthering Heights and has a terrifying dream: the ghost of Catherine Earnshaw, pleading to be admitted to the house from outside. Intrigued, Lockwood asks the housekeeper Nelly Dean to tell the story of Heathcliff and Wuthering Heights while he is staying at the Grange recovering from a cold. Nelly takes over the narration and begins her story thirty years earlier, when Heathcliff, a foundling living on the streets of Liverpool, is brought to Wuthering Heights by the then-owner, Mr. Earnshaw,and raised as his own. Ellen comments casually that Heathcliff might have been descended from Indian or Chinese origins[4]. He is often described as "dark" or "gypsy". Earnshaw's daughter Catherine becomes Heathcliff's inseparable friend. Her brother Hindley, however, resents Heathcliff, seeing him as an interloper and rival. Mr. Earnshaw dies three years later, and Hindley (who has married a woman named Frances) takes over the estate. He brutalises Heathcliff, forcing him to work as a hired hand. Catherine becomes friends with a neighbour family, the Lintons of Thrushcross Grange, who mellow her initially wild personality. She is especially attached to the refined and mild young Edgar Linton, whom Heathcliff instantly dislikes. A year later, Hindley's wife dies, apparently of consumption, shortly after giving birth to a son, Hareton; Hindley takes to drink. Some two years after that, Catherine agrees to marry Edgar. Nelly knows that this will crush Heathcliff, and Heathcliff overhears Catherine's explanation that it would be "degrading" to marry him. Heathcliff storms out and leaves Wuthering Heights, not hearing Catherine's continuing declarations that Heathcliff is as much a part of her as the rocks are to the earth beneath. Catherine marries Edgar, and is initially very happy.Some time later, Heathcliff returns, intent on destroying those who prevent him from being with Catherine. He has, mysteriously, become very wealthy. Through loans he has made to the drunken and dissipated Hindley that Hindley cannot repay, he takes ownership of Wuthering Heights upon Hindley's death. Intent on ruining Edgar, Heathcliff elopes with Edgar's sister Isabella, which places him in a position to inherit Thrushcross Grange upon Edgar's death. Catherine becomes very ill after Heathcliff's return and dies a few hours after giving birth to a daughter also named Catherine, or Cathy. Heathcliff becomes only more bitter and vengeful. Isabella flees her abusive marriage a month later, and subsequently gives birth to a boy, Linton. At around the same time, Hindley dies. Heathcliff takes ownership of Wuthering Heights, and vows to raise Hindley's son Hareton with as much neglect as he had suffered at Hindley's hands years earlier. Twelve years later, the dying Isabella asks Edgar to raise her and Heathcliff's son, Linton. However, Heathcliff finds out about this and takes the sickly, spoiled child to Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff has nothing but contempt for his son, but delights in the idea of him ruling the property of his enemies. To that end, a few years later, Heathcliffattempts to persuade young Cathy to marry Linton. Cathy refuses, so Heathcliff kidnaps her and forces the two to marry. Soon after, Edgar Linton dies, followed shortly by Linton Heathcliff. This leaves Cathy a widow and a virtual prisoner at Wuthering Heights, as Heathcliff has gained complete control of both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. It is at this point in the narrative that Lockwood arrives, taking possession of Thrushcross Grange, and hearing Nelly Dean's story. Shocked, Lockwood leaves for London. During his absence from the area, however, events reach a climax that Nelly describes when he returns a year later. Cathy gradually softens toward her rough, uneducated cousin Hareton, just as her mother was tender towards Heathcliff. When Heathcliff is confronted by Cathy and Hareton's love, notably Hareton's determination to protect the defiant Cathy from Heathcliff's attack, he seems to suffer a mental break from reality and sees Catherine's ghost. He abandons his life-long vendetta and dies broken and tormented, but glad to be rejoining Catherine. Cathy and Hareton marry. Heathcliff is buried next to Catherine (the elder), and the story concludes with Lockwood visiting the grave, unsure of what to feel. Characters Heathcliff is the central male character of thenovel. A foundling raised by the Earnshaw family, he forms a bond with his foster sister Catherine Earnshaw and they share a passionate love, but it is founded on their sameness, of being different halves of the same soul, rather than just a romance or some physical attraction. Meanwhile he nurses a bitter rivalry with his foster brother Hindley, who resents the partiality his father shows Heathcliff and is cruel to him after his father's death. The only time he truly showed love or emotion was when it had to do with Cathy. He runs away from the heights when he is approximately sixteen (his age is unknown but he looks slightly older than Cathy) and returns three years later, having mysteriously made his fortune, education and refinement. He is a brooding, vindictive man, and his anger and bitterness at Catherine's later marriage to their neighbor Edgar Linton sees him engage in a ruthless vendetta to destroy not only his enemies but their heirs, a crusade that only intensifies upon Catherine's death. Catherine Earnshaw is Heathcliff's foster sister. She has dark brown eyes which are characteristic of her family. A free-spirited, wild, passionate, and somewhat spoiled young woman, she returns Heathcliff's love entirely, but because Heathcliff had been made so low that if she married them theywould become beggars, instead she chooses another, Edgar Linton, through which marriage she hopes to help Heathcliff and bring him back to the standing he would have had. Heathcliff leaves the Heights after overhearing that it would degrade her to marry him, and because of this she throws herself into a violent fit and is ill for a while. When Edgar asks her to marry him she is about fifteen; they are married three years after Edgar's father's death when she is about eighteen, presumably when Edgar comes into his inheritance. When Heathcliff returns after those same three years she renews their friendship, which makes Edgar unhappy. Always on the edge of madness, her physical and mental health are destroyed by the feud between them, and she descends into prophetic madness before dying in an angelic state shortly after childbirth at about nineteen. Edgar Linton is a childhood friend of Catherine Earnshaw's who later marries her. His fair appearance, blonde hair and blue eyes, contrasts with Heathcliff's dark appearance. A mild and gentle man, if slightly cowardly and distant, he loves Catherine deeply but is unable to reconcile his love for her with her feelings for her childhood friend Heathcliff. This leads to a bitter antagonism with Heathcliff, and it is partly this which leads to Catherine'sbreakdown. He is well-mannered and gentlemanly but always remains something of a spoiled child. He is too afraid to fight Heathcliff and shows fear at the prospect, earning both Cathy's scorn and solidifying Heathcliff's contempt. Linton is incapable of competing with Heathcliff's guile and ruthless determination across the decades, and his health fails him while still a relatively young man. Isabella Linton is the younger sister of Edgar who becomes infatuated with Heathcliff. She fundamentally mistakes his true nature and elopes with him despite his apparent dislike of her. Her love for him turns to hatred almost immediately, as she is ill treated both physically and emotionally and held captive against her will. When Heathcliff returns from the Grange after Cathy's death she taunts him and he responds by trying to attack her, but Hindley interferes and she escapes the Heights. She leaves for London after visiting Nelly at the Grange and gives birth to their son Linton Heathcliff about seven months later, whom she attempts to raise away from Heathcliff's corrupting influence. Hindley Earnshaw is Catherine's brother and Heathcliff's other rival. Having loathed Heathcliff since childhood, Hindley delights in turning him into a rough servant upon inheriting WutheringHeights, making him work the fields. However, his wife's death from consumption destroys him; he becomes a self-destructive alcoholic and gambler and it is this that allows Heathcliff, upon returning to Wuthering Heights, to turn the tables and to buy the mortgage to Wuthering Heights which Hindley created because of his gambling debts, and to become its owner. Northern Yorkshire. In the foreground heaths. Ellen (Nelly) Dean is, at various points, the housekeeper of both Thrushcross Grange and Wuthering Heights, and is the primary narrator of the novel, told through M. Lockwood's journal entries. She is Hindley's, Heathcliff's and Cathy's foster-sister and servant, and is the same age as Hindley, seven years older than Cathy. Heathcliff genuinely likes her and is always glad to see her. She recognizes early on that Heathcliff is Catherine's true love and tries to dissuade her from the disastrous marriage to Edgar. Having been a disapproving witness and unwilling participant to many of the events between Heathcliff and both the Earnshaw and Linton families for much of her life, she narrates the story to Lockwood during his illness at the Grange. It is presumed that she never married as she keeps the name Dean throughout her life. It could be considered that she is the true hero of the story, and withouther many of the events in the story would never have taken place; however, she is not the primary protagonist. Linton Heathcliff is the son of Isabella and Heathcliff. He bears no physical resemblance to Heathcliff whatsoever and takes after his mother completely, with big soft blue eyes, fair golden hair, and slightly effeminate in appearance. However he has a certain petulance, cruelty and selfishness, and exploits his ill health to get attention from others. He is a sickly child who grows up ignorant of his father until his mother's death when he is thirteen years old. He is forced to live at Wuthering Heights and grows into a bullied, trembling shadow of his father. Heathcliff arranges for him to marry his cousin Catherine Linton so that he may inherit both the estates of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. He dies shortly after entering into the forced marriage. Catherine Linton is the daughter of Catherine Earnshaw and Edgar Linton. She inherits both her mother's free-spiritedness and dark eyes and her father's gentle nature, facial features and fair hair. Heathcliff takes advantage of her fundamental innocence and manipulates her into marrying his own son, Linton. She has a strong affection for Linton despite her father's and Nelly's attempts to keep her out of the reach ofHeathcliff's machinations, and never wavers in her friendship to him. Unaware of Linton's failing health, she is manipulated into traveling to the Heights, where Heathcliff forces her to remain and marry his son before she returns home to her father, who is dying as well. Once she has become a captive of Wuthering Heights Heathcliff resorts to the same torture he applies to everyone against whom he bears a grudge; he is also violent towards her and cannot stand to have her in the same room with him. As a result, she becomes harpyish and unfriendly. When Nelly is allowed to move to the Heights she helps Catherine return back to her true nature and kindness. She later falls in love with her cousin, Hareton Earnshaw. Hareton Earnshaw is the son of Hindley Earnshaw, who is adopted by Heathcliff upon Hindley's death. He is described as a handsome rustic with the dark Earnshaw eyes, and bears a likeness to his aunt and father. Heathcliff once saved his life; he caught him when Hindley accidentally drops him off the banister of the staircase; however he regretted the act. Heathcliff spitefully turns Hareton into an illiterate servant and has him work the fields, much as Hindley once did to him. Despite this, Hareton remains strangely loyal to him, and considers him his father. Quick tempered and easilyembarrassed, he falls in love with Catherine Linton early on, and despite her contempt for him is thus inspired to improve himself. He is the only person who mourns Heathcliff upon his death. Joseph is a servant of the Earnshaws and later Heathcliff. A bullying, lazy and snide man, he hates Heathcliff but is bound to serve Wuthering Heights and the sense of duty he feels to Hareton, who he calls the true master. Intensely religious, he is sanctimonious, self-righteous and largely held in contempt by those around him. He speaks in the traditional West Yorkshire dialect. This dialect was still used in the Haworth area up until the late 1970s, but there are now only portions of it still in common use.[5] Lockwood is the narrator of the novel. A newly-arrived tenant at Thrushcross Grange at the beginning of the novel, he is intrigued by the curious goings-on at Wuthering Heights, and persuades Nelly Dean to tell him the story of what happened during a bout of sickness. Lockwood is apparently a wealthy, relatively young man who comes to regret not approaching the younger Catherine Linton himself. Despite having a reserved manner and somewhat lofty ideals of himself, he is also a sensitive and romantic soul who is deeply affected by the saga of Heathcliff and Catherine. It is inferred that helives in London and returns there after his stay at the Grange. Frances Earnshaw is the wife that Hindley married while away at college. The fact that he did not tell his father suggests that Frances is not of high social standing. From her introduction she proves to be a kind woman to Nelly and Cathy but follows Hindley's example and dislikes Heathcliff. While Hareton is an infant she dies from consumption, or tuberculosis, a fate shared by most of the Brontë sisters. She had shown symptoms of her illness ever since Hindley brought her to Wuthering Heights, but at that time Nelly did not know what to make of her violent bloody coughs and fear of dying. Mr. Kenneth, the local doctor and drinking partner of Hindley. Kenneth often sees to the ill or dead characters: Cathy in her madnesses, Frances during childbirth and TB, Heathcliff and his early illness, Edgar's final hours, and Hindley's death. Nelly tells Heathcliff that he should send for Kenneth to tend to his ill son, but does not tell him that Heathcliff's death is suicide by starvation. He also reports to Nelly that he saw Isabella leaving with Heathcliff. Timeline 1757 Hindley born (Summer); Nelly born 1762 Edgar Linton born 1764 Heathcliff born 1765 Catherine Earnshaw born (Summer); Isabella Linton born (late 1765) 1771 Heathcliff isbrought to Wuthering Heights by Mr Earnshaw (late summer) 1773 Mrs Earnshaw dies (Spring) 1774 Hindley is sent off to college 1777 Hindley marries Frances; Mr Earnshaw dies (October); Hindley comes back (October); Heathcliff and Catherine visit Thrushcross Grange, Catherine remains behind (November), then returns to Wuthering Heights (Christmas Eve). 1778 Hareton is born (June); Frances dies 1780 Heathcliff runs away from Wuthering Heights; Mr and Mrs Linton both die 1783 Catherine marries Edgar (March); Heathcliff comes back (September) 1784 Heathcliff marries Isabella (February); Catherine dies and Cathy is born (20 March); Hindley dies; Linton is born (September) 1797 Isabella dies; Cathy visits Wuthering Heights and meets Hareton; Linton is brought to Thrushcross Grange and is then taken to Wuthering Heights 1800 Cathy meets Heathcliff and sees Linton again (20 March) 1801 Cathy and Linton are married (August); Edgar dies (August); Linton dies (September); Mr Lockwood goes to Thrushcross Grange and visits Wuthering Heights, beginning his narrative 1802 Mr Lockwood goes back to London (January); Heathcliff dies (April); Mr Lockwood comes back to Thrushcross Grange (September) 1803 Cathy plans to marryHareton (1 January) Local background Though tourists are often told that Top Withens, a ruined farmhouse, near the Haworth Parsonage (Bronte Parsonage Museum), is the model for Wuthering Heights, it seems more likely that the now demolished High Sunderland Hall, near Halifax was the partial model for the building. This Gothic edifice, near Law Hill, where Emily worked briefly as a schoolmistress in 1838, had grotesque embellishments of griffins and misshapen nude men similar to those described by Lockwood of Wuthering Heights in chapter one of the novel: "Before passing the threshold, I paused to admire a quantity of grotesque carving lavished over the front, and especially about the principal door, above which, among a wilderness of crumbling griffins and shameless little boys, I detected the date "1500"". The originals of Thrushcross Grange have been traditionally connected to Ponden Hall near Haworth (although it is far too small) and, more likely, Shibden Hall, near Halifax.[6][7] A feud centred around Walterclough Hall is also said to have been one inspiration for the story along with the story of Emily's grandfather, Hugh Brunty. Literary allusions Traditionally, this novel has been seen as a unique piece of work written by a woman confined to the lonesomeheath, detached from the literary movements of the time. However, Emily Brontëreceived literary training at the Pensionnat Héger in Brussels by imitating and analysing the styles of classic writers. She also learned German, and was able to read the German Romantics in the original. The work of Lord Byron was also admired by all three Brontësisters. The brother-sister relationship between Heathcliff and Cathy is reminiscent of the brother-sister couples in Byron's epics. The character of Heathcliff is reminiscent of the Byronic hero. Gothic and supernatural elements The novel contains many Gothic and supernatural elements. The mystery of Heathcliff's parentage is never solved. All film interpretations have failed in accurately depicting Heathcliff's appearance; He is described as "a dark skinned gypsy in appearance," with black hair and black eyes. It is assumed that he is a gypsy; there were, from what M. Earnshaw said, no people in the town who knew him or claimed him; he belonged to no one. /In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell. The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of England’s “dark Satanic Mills.” [Sparknotes]/ He is described by Hindleyas an 'imp of Satan' in chapter four. Near the end of the novel Nelly Dean wonders if Heathcliff is a ghoul or vampire, but then remembers how they grew up together and dismisses the thought. The awesome but unseen presence of Satan is also alluded to at several points in the novel, and it is noted in chapter three that 'no clergyman will undertake the duties of pastor' at the local chapel, which has fallen into dereliction. Heathcliff is constantly described as a devil or demon by many different characters throughout the course of the book. His wife, Isabella Linton, asks Nelly if Heathcliff is a man at all, after she marries him and is exposed to his true nature. An important part of the novel is often overlooked and has never truly been conveyed in any film adaptation; Heathcliff and Cathy are two halves of the same soul, and are good and evil, angel and devil. Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical. /Their love denies difference, and is strangely asexual. The two do not kiss in dark corners or arrange secret trysts, as adulterers do. (Sparknotes)/ Cathy famously proclaims "I am Heathcliff!" In that same conversation with Nelly, she talks about a "dream" she had, where she was in heaven, but was very unhappy and wanted to be back on earth.The angels grew so angry with her that they cast her onto the heath and onto Wuthering Heights, and when she woke, she wept for joy. Cathy goes through a transformation in the book; during an argument with Edgar Linton she starts going crazy, biting and ripping the pillows and then lying still as though dead. She is ill for a period of time but never fully recovers; she asks Nelly "Why am I so changed?" Her angelic nature, previously frustrated, surfaces, but she cannot live for long afterwards. Nelly wonders often if she will get into heaven, becasue of her less than saintly life, but when she watches her on her death-bed she is filled with a wonderful feeling of calm and release, and is assured that she has entered heaven. While Cathy's soul is angelic, Heathcliff's is demonic. Heathcliff's long-lasting malevolence and gratuitous violence can only be explained by his being a demon incarnate. Moreover, Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, wails that he cannot live without his “soul,” meaning Catherine. Ghosts also play a role in the novel. Lockwood has a horrible vision of Catherine (the elder) as a child, appearing at the window of her old chamber at Wuthering Heights and begging to be allowed in. Heathcliff believes this story of Catherine's ghostly return, and late in the novel behavesas though he has seen her ghost himself. When Heathcliff dies, he is found in the bedroom with the window open, raising the possibility that Catherine's ghost entered Wuthering Heights just as Lockwood saw in his dream. At the end of the novel, Nelly Dean reports that various superstitious locals have claimed to see Catherine and Heathcliff's ghosts roaming the moors. Lockwood, however, discounts the idea of "unquiet slumbers for those sleepers in that quiet earth." Allusions/references in literature In Albert Camus' essay "The Rebel", Heathcliff is compared to a leader of the rebel forces. Both are driven by a sort of madness: one by misguided love, the other by oppression. Camus juxtaposes the concept of Heathcliff's reaction to Cathy with the reaction of a disenchanted rebel to the ideal he once held. Maryse Condé's novel Windward Heights adapted Wuthering Heights to be set in Guadaloupe and Cuba. In the novel Eclipse by Stephenie Meyer, several direct quotes from Wuthering Heights are used to compare the main character Bella Swan's relationship with Edward Cullen and Jacob Black with Cathy's situation with Heathcliff and Edgar. Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes both have poems titled Wuthering Heights. Ann Carson wrote a poem titled "The Glass Essay" in which arewoven multiple references to Wuthering Heights and the life of Emily Brontë. James Stoddard's novel The False House contains numerous references to Wuthering Heights. In the novel H: The Story of Heathcliff's Journey Back to Wuthering Heights' by Lin Haire-Sargeant tells the story of how Heathcliff discovers he is the son and heir of Edgar Fairfax Rochester and Bertha Mason (Jane Eyre). Jasper Fforde's Thursday Next novels often mention Heathcliff as the most tragic romantic hero. In Fforde's book The Well of Lost Plots, it is revealed that all the characters of Wuthering Heights are required to attend group anger management sessions. In the preface of his novel Le bleu du ciel, the French writer Georges Bataille states that, in his view, Wuthering Heights belongs to those rare works in literature written from an inner necessity. Alice Hoffman's "Here On Earth" is a modern version of Wuthering Heights.[citation needed] The novel Glennkill by German writer Leonie Swann, published in 2005, is in some way centred around Emily Brontë's novel, and is perhaps the main reason why said novel is set in Ireland.[citation needed] The book, as is revealed in the last pages, is being read to the sheep by the shepherd's daughter, and in a strange and dreamy way helps the main character of thenovel, a sheep-detective called Miss Maple, to guess the identity of the murderer. In Diane Setterfield's novel, The Thirteenth Tale (novel), Wuthering Heights is also frequently mentioned. The relationship between Charlie and Isabelle Angelfield parallels that of Heathcliff and Catherine in many ways. Michel Houellebecq's debut novel Extension du domaine de la lutte briefly mentions Wuthering Heights - "We're a long way from Wuthering Heights." -, arguing that as human relations are progressively fading away, then such tales of stormy passion are no longer possible.[8] Cara Lockwood's Wuthering High, is centered around a boarding school that is haunted by dead classic writers, Emily Brontëbeing one of them. Her novel is mentioned several times, and even her characters make some special appearances. Nomura Miduki's second book in the Bungakushoujo series, "Bungakushoujo" to Uekawaku Ghost (published in 2006) refers to and draws from Wuthering Heights heavily. The Japanese novelist Minae Mizumura's third and most recent work, A Real Novel, 2002, is a retelling of Wuthering Heights in post war Japan, featuring a half-Chinese, half-Japanese Heathcliff and an even more problematic Nelly. It re-enacts the history of modern Japanese literature by absorbingand transforming the Western classic into the Japanese literary context. In Stephenie Meyer's Twilight series, the main character, Bella Swan, is often seen with a battered copy of Wuthering Heights. Film, TV or theatrical adaptations 1920: the earliest version of Wuthering Heights is filmed in England, directed by A.V. Bramble. It is unknown if any prints still exist.[9] 1939: Wuthering Heights, starring Merle Oberon as Catherine Linton, Laurence Olivier as Heathcliff, David Niven as Edgar Linton, Flora Robson as Ellen Dean, Donald Crisp as Dr. Kenneth, Geraldine Fitzgerald as Isabella Linton and Leo G. Carroll as Joseph Earnshaw. The film was adapted by Charles MacArthur, Ben Hecht and John Huston. It was directed by William Wyler. The movie was nominated for the 1940 Academy Award for Best Picture. It did not depict the entire novel, portraying only half. In 1948 BBC Television staged a live 90-minute version of the novel. This was not recorded. A 1953 adaptation on BBC Television was scripted by Nigel Kneale, directed by Rudolph Cartier and starred Richard Todd as Heathcliff and Yvonne Mitchell as Catherine. This version does not survive in the BBC archives. According to Kneale, it was made simply because Todd had turned up at the BBC one day and said that he wanted。
Today, Wuthering Heights has a secure position in the canon of world literature, and Emily Brontëis revered as one of the finest writers—male or female—of the nineteenth century. Like Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights is based partly on the Gothic tradition of the late eighteenth century, a style of literature that featured supernatural encounters, crumbling ruins, moonless nights, and grotesque imagery, seeking to create effects of mystery and fear. But Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety. The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted. And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.Analysis of Major CharactersHeathcliffWuthering Heights centers around the story of Heathcliff. The first paragraph of the novel provides a vivid physical picture of him, as Lockwood describes how his “black eyes” withdraw suspiciously under his brows at Lockwood’s approach. Nelly’s story begins with his introduction into the Earnshaw family, his vengeful machinations drive the entire plot, and his death ends the book. The desire to understand him and his motivations has kept countless readers engaged in the novel.Heathcliff, however, defies being understood, and it is difficult for readers to resist seeing what they want or expect to see in him. The novel teases the reader with the possibility that Heathcliff is something other than what he seems—that his cruelty is merely an expression of his frustrated love for Catherine, or that his sinister behaviors serve to conceal the heart of a romantic hero. We expect Heathcliff’s character to c ontain such a hidden virtue because he resembles a hero in a romance novel. Traditionally, romance novel heroes appear dangerous, brooding, and cold at first, only later to emerge as fiercely devoted and loving. One hundred years before Emily Brontë wrote Wuthering Heights, the notion that “a reformed rake makes the best husband” was already a cliché of romantic literature, and romance novels center around the same cliché to this day.However, Heathcliff does not reform, and his malevolence proves so great and long-lasting that it cannot be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge against Hindley, Catherine, Edgar, etc. As he himself points out, his abuse of Isabella is purely sadistic, as he amuses himself by seeing how much abuse she can take and still come cringing back for more. Critic Joyce Carol Oates argues that Emily Brontë does the same thing to the reader that Heathcliff does to Isabella, testing to see how many times the reader can be shocked by Heathcliff’s gratuitous violence and still, masochistically, insist on seeing him as a romantic hero.It is significant that Heathcliff begins his life as a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool. When Brontë composed her book, in the 1840s, the English economy was severely depressed, and the conditions of the factory workers in industrial areas like Liverpool were so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violent revolt. Thus, many of the more affluent members of society beheld these workers with a mixture of sympathy and fear. In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell. The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of England’s “dark Satanic Mills.” Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book.Considering this histor ical context, Heathcliff seems to embody the anxieties that the book’s upper- and middle-class audience had about the working classes. The reader may easily sympathize with him when he is powerless, as a child tyrannized by Hindley Earnshaw, but he becomes a villain when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman. This corresponds with the ambivalence the upper classes felt toward the lower classes—the upper classes had charitable impulses toward lower-class citizens when they were miserable, but feared the prospect of the lower classes trying to escape their miserable circumstances by acquiring political, social, cultural, or economic power.CatherineThe location of Catherine’s coffin symbolizes the confl ict that tears apart her short life. She is not buried in the chapel with the Lintons. Nor is her coffin placed among the tombs of the Earnshaws. Instead, as Nelly describes in Chapter XVI, Catherine is buried “in a corner of thekirkyard, where the wall is so low that heath and bilberry plants have climbed over it from the moor.” Moreover, she is buried with Edgar on one side and Heathcliff on the other, suggesting her conflicted loyalties. Her actions are driven in part by her social ambitions, which initially are awakened during her first stay at the Lintons’, and which eventually compel her to marry Edgar. However, she is also motivated by impulses that prompt her to violate social conventions—to love Heathcliff, throw temper tantrums, and run around on the moor.EdgarJust as Isabella Linton serves as Catherine’s foil, Edgar Linton serves as Heathcliff’s. Edgar is born and raised a gentleman. He is graceful, well-mannered, and instilled with civilized virtues. These qualities cause Catherine to choose Edgar over Heathcliff and thus to initiate the contention between the men. Nevertheless, Edgar’s gentlemanly qualities ultimately prove useless in his ensuing rivalry with Heathcliff. Edgar is particularly humiliated by his confrontation with Heathcliff in Chapter XI, in which he openly shows his fear of fighting Heathcliff. Catherine, having witnessed the scene, taunts him, saying, “Heathcliff would as soon lift a finger at you as the king would march his army against a colony of mice.” As the reader can see from the earliest descriptions of Edgar as a spoiled child, his refinement is tied to his helplessness and impotence.Charlotte Brontë, in her preface to the 1850 edition of Wuthering Heights, refers to Edgar as “an example of constancy and tenderness,” and goes on to suggest that her sist er Emily was using Edgar to point out that such characteristics constitute true virtues in all human beings, and not just in women, as society tended to believe. However, Charlotte’s reading seems influenced by her own feminist agenda. Edgar’s inability to counter Heathcliff’s vengeance, and his naïve belief on his deathbed in his daughter’s safety and happiness, make him a weak, if sympathetic, characterThemes, MotifsThemesThemes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.Moreover, Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical. Catherine declares, famously, “I am Heathcliff,” while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, wails that he cannot live without his “soul,” meaning Cather ine. Their love denies difference, and is strangely asexual. The two do not kiss in dark corners or arrange secret trysts, as adulterers do. Given that Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based upon their refusal to change over time or embrace difference in others, it is fitting that the disastrous problems of their generation are overcome not by some climactic reversal, but simply by the inexorable passage of time, and the rise of a new and distinct generation. Ultimately, Wuthering Heights presents a vision of life as a process of change, and celebrates this process over and against the romantic intensity of its principal characters.As members of the gentry, the Earnshaws and the Lintons occupy a somewhat precarious place within the hierarchy of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century British society. At the top of British society was the royalty, followed by the aristocracy, then by the gentry, and then by the lower classes, who made up the vast majority of the population. Although the gentry, or upper middle class, possessed servants and often large estates, they held a nonetheless fragile social position. The social status of aristocrats was a formal and settled matter, because aristocrats had official titles. Members of the gentry, however, held no titles, and their status was thus subject to change. A man might see himself as a gentleman but find, to his embarrassment, that his neighbors did not share this view. A discussion of whether or not a man was really a gentleman would consider such questions as how much land he owned, how many tenants and servants he had, how he spoke, whether he kept horses and a carriage, and whether his money came from land or “trade”—gentlemen scorned banking and commercial activities.Considerations of class status oft en crucially inform the characters’ motivations in Wuthering Heights. Catherine’s decision to marry Edgar so that she will be “the greatest woman of the neighborhood” is only the most obvious example. The Lintons are relatively firm in their gentry status but nonetheless take great pains to prove this status through their behaviors. The Earnshaws, on the other hand, rest on much shakier ground socially. They do not have a carriage, they have less land, and their house, as Lockwood remarks with great puzzlem ent, resembles that of a “homely, northern farmer” and not that of a gentleman. The shifting nature of social status is demonstrated most strikingly in Heathcliff’s trajectory from homeless waif to young gentleman-by-adoption tocommon laborer to gentleman again (although the status-conscious Lockwood remarks that Heathcliff is only a gentleman in “dress and manners”).。
Wuthering Heights■ 1 Mr Lockwood visits Wuthering HeightsI have just returned from a visit to my landlord，Mr Heathcliff．I am delighted with the house I am renting from him．Thrushcross Grange is miles away from any town or village．That suits me perfectly．And the scenery here in Yorkshire is so beautiful！Mr Heathcliff，in fact，is my only neighbour，and I think his character is similar to mine．He does not like people either．‘My name is Lockwood，’I said，when I met him at the gate to his house．‘I'm renting Thrushcross Grange from you．I just wanted to come and introduce myself．’He said nothing，but frowned，and did not encourage me to enter．After a while，however，he decided to invite me in．‘Joseph，take Mr Lock wood's horse！’he called．‘And bring up some wine from the cellar！’Joseph was a very old servant，with a sour expression on his face．He looked crossly up at me as he took my horse．‘God help us！A visitor！’he muttered to himself．Perhaps there were no other servants，I thought．And it seemed that Mr Heathcliff hardly ever received guests．His house is called Wuthering Heights．The name means‘a windswept house on a hill’，and it is a very good description．The trees around the house do not grow straight，but are bent by the north wind，which blows over the moors every day of the year．Fortunately，the house is strongly built，and is not damaged even by the worst winter storms．The name‘Earn－shaw’is cut into a stone over the front door.Mr Heathcliff and I entered the huge main room．It could have been any Yorkshire farmhouse kitchen，except that there was no sign of cooking，and no farmer sitting at the table. Mr Heathcliff certainly does not look like a farmer．His hair and skin are dark，like a gipsy's，but he has the manners of a gentleman．He could perhaps take more care with his appearance，but he is handsome. I think he is proud，and also unhappy.We sat down by the fire，in silence.‘Joseph！'shouted Mr Heathcliff．No answer came from the cellar，so he dived down there，leaving me alone with several rather fierce－looking dogs. Suddenly one of them jumped angrily up at me，and in a moment all the others were attacking me．From every shadowy corner in the great room appeared a growling animal，ready to kill me，it seemed.‘Help！Mr Heathcliff！Help！’I shouted，trying to keep the dogs back．My landlord and his servant were in no hurry to help，and could not have climbed the cellar steps more slowly，but luckily a woman，who I supposed was the housekeeper，rushed into the room to calm the dogs.‘What the devil is the matter？’Mr Heathcliff asked me rudely，when he finally entered the room.‘Your dogs，sir！’I replied.‘You shouldn't leave a stranger with them．They're dangerous．’‘Come，come，Mr Lockwood．Have some wine．We don't often have strangers here，and I'm afraid neither I nor my dogs are used to receiving them．’I could not feel offended after this，and accepted the wine．We sat drinking and talking together for a while．I suggested visiting him tomorrow．He did not seem eager to see me again，but I shall go anyway.I am interested in him，even if he isn't interested in me.Two days later Yesterday afternoon was misty and bitterly cold，but I walked the four miles to Wuthering Heights and arrived just as it was beginning to snow. I banged on the front door for ten minutes，getting colder and colder.Finally Joseph's head appeared at a window of one of the farm buildings．‘What do you want？’he growled．‘Could you let me in？’I asked desperately．He shook his head．‘There's only Mrs Heathcliff indoors，and she won't open the door to you．’It was snowing heavily now and I was very cold .I tried to open the door but it was locked .Just then a young man appeared in the courtyard and made a sign with his hand telling me to follow him．We went through the back door and into the big room where I had been before．I was delighted to see a warm fire and a table full of food．And this time there was a woman sitting by the fire．She must be Mrs Heathcliff，I thought．I had not imagined my landlord was married. She looked at me coldly without saying anything．‘Terrible weather！’I remarked．There was silence．‘What a beautiful animal！’I tried again，pointing to one of the dogs that had attacked me．She still said nothing，but got up to make the tea．She was only about seventeen，with the most beautiful little face I had ever seen．Her golden wavy hair fell around her shoulders．Her eyes were beautiful but there was a disagreeable expression in them.‘Have you been invited to tea？'she asked me crossly．‘No，but you are the proper person to invite me，’I smiled．For some reason this really annoyed her．She stopped making the tea，and threw herself angrily back in her chair. Meanwhile the young man was staring aggressively at me．I couldn’t decide if he was a servant or not.He was dressed like one and spoke like one.His thick brown curls were uncombed and his hands and face were brown from working outside .He looked like a farm worker，but seemed to be part of the family．But his manner was proud and free,not like a servant’s .I did not feel at all comfortable．At last Heathcliff came in.‘Here I am，sir，as I promised！’I said cheerfully．‘You shouldn't have come，’he answered，shaking the snow off his clothes．‘You'll never find your way back in the dark.’‘And I’m afraid I’ll have to stay here unitl the snow stops.Perhaps you could lend me a servant to guide me back to the Grange？’I asked．‘No，I couldn't．There aren't any servants here except Joseph and the housekeeper．Get the tea ready，will you？’he added fiercely to the young woman．I was shocked by his unpleasantness．We pulled our chairs to the table while the girl poured the tea．We drank our tea in silence and there was a very tense atmosphere in the room .I thought it was my fault so I tried to make conversation with the three silent people round the table．‘How happy you must be，Mr Heathcliff，’I began，‘in this quiet place，with your wife and—’‘My wife！’Heathcliff exclaimed lookintg aournd him. ‘Where?Are you talking about her spirit?’I suddenly realized I had made a serious mistake.So his wife was dead！Of course he was too old to be married to that young girl. She must be married to the young man next to me，who was drinking his tea out of a bowl and eating his bread with unwashed hands．Perhaps the poor girl had found no one better to marry in this uninhabited area．I turned politely to the young man.‘Ah，so you are this lady's husband！’This was worse than before. His face went red，and he seemed only just able to stop himself hitting me．He muttered something I could not hear．‘Wrong again，Mr Lockwood，'said Mr Heathcliff.‘No，her husband，my son，is dead．This，’he added，looking scornfully at the young man，‘is certainly not my son.’‘My name is Hareton Earnshaw，’growled the young man.The atmosphere began to depress me and I promised myself not to make a third visit to Wuthering Heights.We finished our meal in silence，and when I looked out of the window，all I could see was darkness and snow.‘I don't think I can get home without a guide，’I said politely．No one answered me．I turned to the woman．‘Mrs Heathcliff，’I begged，‘What can I do？Please help me！’‘Take the road you came on，'she replied without interest，opening a book．‘That's the best advice I can give．’‘Mr Heathcliff，I'll have to stay here for the night！’I told him．‘I hope that will teach you not to walk over the moors in bad weather，’he answered．‘I don't keep guest bedrooms．You can share a bed with Hareton or Joseph．’I was so angry with them all that I could not stay there a moment longer，and rushed out into the darkness. I saw Joseph by the back door，caught hold of the lamp he was carrying，and ran with it to the gate．But the dogs chased after me and attacked me，knocking me down. Heathcliff and Hareton stood at the door，laughing，as I shouted at the dogs and tried to get up．They sat on me until Heathcliff and Hareton arrived and pulled them off．In the end I was again rescued by the housekeeper，Zillah，who ordered away the dogs and helped me to my feet．I was so bruised and exhausted that I did not feel strong enough to walk home，and although I did not want to，I had to spend the night at Wuthering Heights．Nobody wished me goodnight，as Zillah took me upstairs to find a bed for me．■ 2 Catherine Earnshaw's room‘Quietly，sir！’whispered the housekeeper，as we climbed up the dark stairs．‘My master will be angry if he discovers which bedroom you're sleeping in.For some reason he doesn't want anyone to sleep there，I don't know why．They're strange people in this house，you know．Here's the room，sir.But I was too tired to listen．‘Thank you，Zillah，’I said，and，taking the candle，I entered the room and closed the door.The only piece of furniture in the large，dusty bedroom was a bed，placed next to the window. There were heavy curtains which could be pulled around it，to hide the sleeper from anyone else in the room．Looking inside the curtains I saw a little shelf full of books，just under the window.I put my candle down on the shelf，and dropped thankfully on to the bed．I closed the curtains around the bed，and felt safe from Heathcliff and everyone else at Wuthering Heights．I noticed that there were names written on the wall in childish handwriting—Catherine Earnshaw，Catherine Heathcliff and Catherine Linton．Then I fell asleep，but I was woken very suddenly by a smell of burning. My candle had fallen on to a Bible on the shelf and was burning it．When I opened the Bible to see if it was damaged，I found that wherever there was an empty page，or half a page，someone had written on it，and on the first page was written ‘Catherine Earnshaw's diary，1776’．Who was the girl who had slept in this bed，written her name on the wall，and then written her diary in the Bible，twenty-five years ago？I read it with interest．‘How I hate my brother Hindley！’it began．‘He is so cruel to poor Heathcliff．If only my father hadn't died！While he was alive，Heathcliff was like a brother to Hindley and me．But now Hindley and his wife Frances have inherited the house and the money，and they hate Heathcliff.That horrible old servant Joseph is always angry with Heathcliff and me because we don't pray or study the Bible，and when he tells his master，Hindley always punishes us．I can't stop crying. Poor Heathcliff！Hindley says he is wicked，and can't play with me or eat with me any more.’My eyes were beginning to close again and I fell asleep．Never before had I passed such a terrible night，disturbed by the most frightening dreams．Suddenly I was woken by a gentle knocking on the window. It must be the branch of a tree，I thought，and tried to sleep again．Outside I could hear the wind driving the snow against the window．But I could not sleep．The knocking annoyed me so much that I tried to open the window. When it did not open，I broke the glass angrily and stretched out my hand towards the branch．But instead，my fingers closed around a small，ice－cold hand！It held my hand tightly，and a voice cried sadly，‘Let me in！Let me in！’‘Who are you？’I asked，trying to pull my hand away．‘Catherine Linton，’it replied．‘I've come home．I lost my way！’There seemed to be a child's face looking in at the window.Terror made me cruel. I rubbed the creature's tiny wrist against the broken glass so that blood poured down on to the bed．As soon as the cold fingers let go for a moment，I pulled my hand quickly back，put a pile of books in front of the broken window，and tried not to listen to the desperate cries outside.‘Go away！’I called．‘I'll never let you in，not if you go on crying for twenty years！’‘It is almost twenty years！'replied the sad little voice．‘I've been out here in the dark for nearly twenty years！’The hand started pushing through the window at the pile of books，and I knew it would find me and catch hold of me again．Unable to move，I stared in horror at the shape behind the glass，and screamed.There were rapid footsteps outside my bedroom door，and then I saw the light of a candle in the room．‘Is anyone here？’a voice said. I sat up.I was shaking and sweating .It was Heathcliff．He could not see me behind the curtains，and clearly did not expect an answer.I knew I could not hide from him，so I opened the curtains wide.I was surprised by the effect of my action．Heathcliff dropped his candle and stood without moving，his face as white as the wall behind him．He did not seem to recognize me.‘It's only your guest，Lockwood，’I said．‘I'm sorry，I must have had a bad dream and screamed in my sleep．’‘To the devil with you，Mr Lockwood！’growled my landlord．‘Who allowed you to sleep in this room？Who was it？’‘It was your housekeeper，Mr Heathcliff，’I said，quickly putting my clothes on．‘And I'm angry with her myself！No one can sleep in a room full of ghosts！’‘What do you mean？’asked Heathcliff，looking suddenly very interested.‘Ghosts，you say？’‘That little girl，Catherine Linton，or Earnshaw，or whatever her name was，must have been wicked！She told me she had been a ghost for nearly twenty years．It was probably a punishment for her wickedness！’‘How dare you speak of her to me？’cried Heathcliff wildly．But as I described my dream，he became calmer，and sat down on the bed，trembling as he tried to control his feelings.‘Mr Lockwood，’he said finally，brushing a tear from his eye，‘you can go into my bedroom to sleep for the rest of the night．I'll stay here for a while．’‘No more sleep for me tonight，’I replied．‘I'll wait in the kitchen until it's daylight，and then I'll leave．You needn't worry about my visiting you again either．I've had enough company for a long time．’But as I turned to go downstairs，my landlord，thinking he was alone，threw himself on the bed，pushed open the window and called into the darkness．‘Come in！Come in！’he cried，tears rolling down his face．‘Catherine，do come！My darling，hear me this time！’But only the snow and wind blew into the room.How could my dream have produced such madness？I could not watch his suffering any more，and went downstairs.I waited in the kitchen until it was light enough outside for me to find my way through the deep snow back to Thrushcross Grange. The housekeeper there，Ellen Dean，rushed out to welcome me home. She thought I must have died in the previous night's snowstorm．I changed my clothes and I went down to my study.There was a cheerful fire in the fireplace and some hot coffee on the table.I sat down in my armchair feeling very weak and tired after my bad night and long walk across the moor.I began to recover from my unpleasa nt experiences gradually．After my stay at Wuthering Heights，I thought I would never want to speak to any human being again，but by the end of the next day I was beginning to feel lonely．I decided to ask Mrs Dean to sit withme after supper.‘How long have you lived in this house？’I asked her．‘Eighteen years，sir. I came here early in 1783 when my mistress was married，to look after her. And when she died，I stayed here as housekeeper.’I was curious to know the history of the people at Wuthering Heights.‘Mrs Dean must know it,’I thought.I decided to introduce the subject.‘Who was your mistress？’I asked.‘Her name was Catherine Earnshaw，'she replied.‘Ah，my ghostly Catherine，’I muttered quietly to myself.‘She married Mr Edgar Linton，a neighbour，’added Mrs Dean，‘and they had a daughter，Cathy，who married Mr Heathcliff's son.’‘Ah，so that must be the widow，young Mrs Heathcliff at Wuthering Heights！’‘That's right，sir．Did you see her？I looked after her as a baby，you know. How is she？I do want to know.’‘She looked very well，and very beautiful．But I don't think she's happy．’‘Oh，poor thing！And what did you think of Mr Heathcliff？’‘He's a rough，hard man，Mrs Dean．But I'm very interested in him．Tell me more about him.’‘Well，he's very rich，of course，and mean at the same time．He could live here at Thrushcross Grange，which is a finer house than Wuthering Heights，but he would rather receive rent than live comfortably．But I'll tell you the whole story of his life，as much as I know，that is，and then you can judge for yourself.’■ 3 Ellen Dean's story—Catherine and Heathcliff as childrenWhen I was a child，I was always at Wuthering Heights，because my mother was a servant who looked after Hindley Earnshaw,Hareton’s father．They are a very old family who have lived in that house for centuries，as you can see from their name on the stone over the front door. Hindley and I were the same age.His sister Catherine was eight years younger than us.I grew up with Catherine and Hindley Earnshaw，and we three played together as children.One day，their father Mr Earnshaw came back from a long journey. He had travelled sixty miles to Liverpool and back on business，and was very tired.‘Look what I've brought you！’he told us all，unwrapping something he was holding carefully in his arms．Catherine and Hindley were expecting presents，and they rushed eagerly to see what it was. They were very disappointed to see only a dirty，black-haired gipsy child.‘I found him all alone in the busy streets of Liverpool，’Mr Earnshaw explained to them，‘and I couldn't leave him to die．He can sleep in your room．’But Hindley and Catherine were angry because they had not received any presents，and refused to let the strange child share their room．However Mr Earnshaw insisted，and little by little the boy became accepted by the family．He was called Heathcliff，as a first and last name．No one ever discovered who his parents had been．Not long after that,Mrs Earnshaw d ied and the three children were left without a mother.Catnerine and he became great friends，but Hindley hated him，and was often cruel to him．He never complained or cried when Hindley hit him.Old Mr Earnshaw was strangely fond of this gipsy child，and frequently punished his son for behaving badly to Heathcliff．Hindley began to be jealous of his father's feelings for Heathcliff，and saw them both as enemies．I often wondered why Mr Earnshaw admired him.Heathcliff never showed any signs of affection for the old man or any signs of gratitude either.But the old man’s love gave him power over Hindley.I remember Mr Earnshaw once bought a couple of young horses and gave one to each of the boys.Heathcliff took the best one but it hurt its leg.He wanted to exchange it for Hindley’s.‘You must give me your horse ,’he said.‘I don’t like mine.If you don’t ,I’ll tell your father abouthow you hit and beat me.’Hindley picked up an iron bar saying,‘Geta away from me!’‘Throw it!’replied Heathcliff not moving .‘I’ll also tell him that you’re going to send me away as soon as he dies.’Hindley threw the bar and it hit Heathcliff on the chest .He fell down ,but got up again immmediately .His face was white but he looked calmly at Hindley.‘Take my horse then,gypsy!’shouted Hindley.‘And I hope he kicks you!’Heathcliff was passing behind the animal to change saddles when suddenly Hindley pushed him.Heathcliff fell under the horse’s feet.Hindley ran away as fast as he could.Heathcliff didn’t say anything .He got up and rested for a while to recover from the blow.Then he went into the house .He didn’t show the mark on his chest to Mr Earnshaw and I thought it was because he wasn’t a vindictive boy.But I wrong ,as you will hear.This situation could not last．As Mr Earnshaw grew old and ill，Heathcliff became even more his favourite，and Hindley often quarrelled with his father．When Hindley was sent away to study，I hoped that we would have peace in the house．But then it was that old servant Joseph who caused trouble．He tried to persuade his master to be stricter with the children，and was always complaining that Heathcliff and Catherine did not spend enough time studying the Bible or attending church services．Catherine was a wild，wicked girl in those days．We had to watch her every moment of the day，to stop her playing her tricks on us．She was proud，and liked giving orders．But she had the prettiest face and the sweetest smile you've ever seen．I could forgive her anything when she came to say she was sorry.She was much too fond of Heathcliff，and the worst punishment we could invent was to keep her separate from him．Her father could no longer understand her or her behaviour，and Catherine did not realize that his illness made him less patient with her．At last Mr Earnshaw found peace．He died quietly in his chair by the fire one October evening in 1775．The night was wild and stormy，and we were all sitting together in the big kitchen．Joseph was reading his Bible at the table，while Catherine had her head on her father's knee．He was pleased to see her so gentle for once，and she was singing him to sleep．I was glad the old gentleman was sleeping so well．But when it was time to go to bed，Catherine put her arms round her father's neck to say goodnight，and immediately screamed，‘Oh，he's dead，Heathcliff！He's dead！’Heathcliff and I started crying loudly and bitterly too．Joseph told me to fetch the doctor，so I ran to the village，although I knew it was too late．When I came back，I went to the children's room，to see if they needed me，and I listened for a moment at their door. They were imagining the dead man in a beautiful distant place，far from the troubles of this world．And as I listened，crying silently，I could not help wishing we were all there safe together.■ 4 Catherine Earnshaw gets to know the LintonsHindley came home for his father's burial．What was more surprising was that he brought a wife with him．We were all amazed.She was young and pretty but very thin.Her eyes sparkled like diamonds.Her name was Frances.She trembled a lot and cried at the funeral.She said she was afraid of ter I noticed she breathed with difficulty when she climbed the stairs.At first Frances was very happy to have a new sister but her enthusiasm for Catherine didn’t last long .She didn’t like Heathcliff at all. Now that Hindley was the master of the house，he ordered Joseph and me to spend our evenings in the small back-kitchen，as we were only servants，while he，his wife and Catherine sat in the main room．Catherine and Heathcliff were treated very differently．Catherine received presents，and could continue her lessons，but Heathcliff was made to work on the farm with the men，and，as a farm worker，was only allowed to eat with us in the backkitchen．They grew up like two wild animals．Hindley did not care what they did，as long as they kept out of his way，and they did not care even if he punished them．They often ran away on to the moors in the morning and stayed out all day，justto make Hindley angry．Sometimes they went there in the morning and stayeed away all day.They were punished for it but it didn’t matter.They forgot everything as soon as they were together again.I was the only one who cared what happened to the two poor creatures，and I was afraid for them．One Sunday evening they were sent out of the sitting room for making a noise.When I went to call them to supper，I couldn’t find them anywhere.We searched the hosue ,upstairs and downstairs,and the courtyar too ,but they weren’t there .Hindley was furious and ordered me angrily to lock the front door．But I did not want them to stay out in the cold all night，so I kept my window open to look out for them．In a while I saw Heathcliff walking through the gate．I was shocked to see him alone．‘Where's Catherine？’I cried sharply．‘At Thrushcross Grange，with our neighbours the Lintons，’he replied．‘They didn’t want me to stay so I had to come back.Let me in，Ellen，and I'll explain what happened．’I went down to unlock the door，and we came upstairs very quietly．‘Don't wake the master up！’I whispered．‘Now tell me！’‘Let me take off my wet clothes and I’ll tell you all about it,Nelly,’he replied.While he was changing ,he told me what happened.‘Well，Catherine and I went for a walk on the moor．We saw the lights at the Grange and we decided to go and look through the windows.We ran down the hill and hid under the sitting room window.The light was on.We wanted to see if Isabella and Edgar Linton are punished all the time by their parents，as we are．’‘Probably not，’I answered．‘I expect they are good children and don't need to be punished．’‘Nonsense，Ellen！Guess what we saw when we looked in at their sittingroom window？A very pretty room，with soft carpets and white walls．Catherine and I would love to have a room like that！But in the middle of this beautiful room，Isabella and Edgar Linton were screaming and fighting over a little dog！How stupid they are，Ellen！If Catherine wanted something，I would give it to her，and she would do the same for me．I would rather be here at Wuthering Heights with her，even if I'm punished by Joseph and that wicked Hindley，that at Thrushcross Grange with those two fools！’‘Not so loud，Heathcliff！But you still haven't told me why Catherine isn't with you？’‘Well，as we were looking in，we started laughing at them so loudly that they heard us，and sent the dogs after us．We were about to run away，when a great fierce dog caught Catherine's leg in its teeth．I attacked it，and made it let go of her leg，but the Lintons' servants appeared and caught hold of me. They must have thought we were robbers．Catherine was carried unconscious into the house，and they pulled me inside too．All the time I was shouting and swearing at them．‘“What a wicked pair of thieves！”said old Mr Linton．“The boy must be a gipsy，he's as dark as the devil！”Mrs Linton raised her hands in horror at the sight of me．Catherine opened her eyes，and Edgar looked closely at her．‘“Mother，”he whispered，“the young lady is Miss Earnshaw，of Wuthering Heights. I've seen her in church occasionally．And look what our dog has done to her leg！It's bleeding badly！”‘“Miss Earnshaw with a gipsy！”cried Mrs Linton．“Surely not！But I think you must be right，Edgar．This girl is wearing black，and Mr Earnshaw died recently．It must be her．I’d better put a bandage on her leg at once.”‘“Why does her brother Hindley let her run around with such a companion？”wondered Mr Linton．“I remember now，he's the gipsy child Mr Earnshaw brought home from Liverpool a few years ago.”‘“He's a wicked boy，you can see that，”said Mrs Linton．“And did you hear the bad language he used just now？I'm shocked that my children heard it.”’‘I was pushed out into the garden，but I stayed to watch through the window．They put Catherine on a comfortable sofa，cleaned her wound and fed her with cakes and wine．I only left the house when I wassure she was well taken care of．She's a breath of fresh air for those stupid Lintons．I'm not surprised they like her．Everybody who sees her must love her，mustn't they，Ellen？’‘I'm afraid you'll be punished for this，Heathcliff，’I said sadly．And I was right．Hindley warned Heathcliff that he must never speak to Catherine again，or he would be sent away from Wuthering Heights，and it was decided that Catherine would be taught to behave like a young lady．She stayed with the Linton family at Thrushcross Grange for five weeks，until Christmas．By that time her leg was fine，and her manners were much better than before．Frances Earnshaw visited her often，bringing her pretty dresses to wear，and persuading her to take care of her appearance，so that when she finally came home after her long absence，she almost seemed a different person．Instead of a wild，hatless girl，we saw a beautiful，carefully dressed young lady．When she had greeted all of us，she asked for Heathcliff．‘Come forward，Heathcliff！’called Hindley．‘You may welcome Miss Catherine home，like the other servants．’Heathcliff was hiding in a corner.He was shocked by this beautifully yound lady.She didn’t look like the Catherine he knew .He was used to being outside all day，and had not bothered to wash or change his clothes．His face and hands were black with dirt．In spite of this，Catherine was very glad to see him and rushed up to kiss him．Then she laughed．‘How funny and black and cross you look！But that's because I'm used to Edgar and Isabella，who are always so clean and tidy. Well，Heathcliff，have you forgotten me？’But，ashamed and proud，the boy said nothing，until suddenly his feelings were too much for him．‘I won't stay to be laughed at！’he cried，and was about to run away，when Catherine caught hold of his hand.‘Why are you angry，Heathcliff？You…you just look a bit strange，that's all．You're so dirty！’She looked worriedly at her hands，and her new dress．‘You needn't have touched me！’he said，pulling away his hand．‘I like being dirty，and I'm going to be dirty！’As he ran miserably out of the room，Hindley and his wife laughed loudly，delighted that their plan to separate the two young people seemed to be succeeding.The next day was Christmas Day．Edgar and Isabella Linton had been invited to lunch，and their mother had agreed，on condition that her darlings were kept carefully apart from‘that wicked boy’．I felt sorry for poor Heathcliff，and while the Earnshaws were at church，I helped him wash and dress in clean clothes．He got up early the next morning and went out to the moor.When he came back ,he seemed to be happier.‘Nelly,’he said .‘Make me look nice.I’m going to be good.’‘I’m glad to hear it,Heathcliff,’I said.‘You upset Catherine.She’s probably sorry she came home.’‘Did she say she was upset?’he asked looking very serious.‘She cried when I told her you weren’t here this morning.’‘Well,I cried last night,’he replied.‘And I had a good reason to cry.’‘Yes, ’I said.‘You went to bed without any dinner!But go and wash now.When you’re clean and wearintg your best clothes,you’ll look more handsome than Edgar Linton.’‘You're too proud，’I scolded him as I brushed his black hair．‘You should think how sad Catherine is when you can't be together．And don't be jealous of Edgar Linton！’‘I wish I had blue eyes and fair hair like him！I wish I behaved well，and was going to inherit a fortune！’‘He has none of your intelligence or character！And if you have a good heart，you'll have a。
seemed to hold little promise when it was published in 1847, selling very poorly and receiving only a few mixed reviews. Victorian readers found the book shocking and inappropriate in its depiction of passionate, ungoverned love and cruelty (despite the fact that the novel portrays no sex or bloodshed), and the work was virtually ignored. Even Emily Brontë’s sister Charlotte—an author whose works contained similar motifs of Gothic love and desolate landscapes—remained ambivalent toward the unapologetic intensity of her sister’s novel. In a preface to the book, which she wrote shortly after Emily Brontë’s death, Charlotte Brontë stated, ―Whether i t is right or advisable to create beings like Heathcliff, I do not know. I scarcely think it is.‖Emily Brontë lived an eccentric, closely guarded life. She was born in 1818, two years after Charlotte and a year and a half before her sister Anne, who also became an author. Her father worked as a church rector, and her aunt, who raised the Brontë children after their mother died, was deeply religious. Emily Brontë did not take to her aunt’s Christian fervor; the character of Joseph, a caric ature of an evange lical, may have been inspired by her aunt’s religiosity. The Brontës lived in Haworth, a Yorkshire village in the midst of th e moors. These wild, desolate expanses—later the setting of Wuthering Heights—made up the Brontës’ daily environment, and Emily lived among them her entire life. She died in 1848, at the age of thirty.As witnessed by their extraordinary literary accomplishments, the Brontë children were a highly creative group, writing stories, plays, and poems for their own amusement. Largely left to their own devices, the children created imaginary worlds in which to play. Yet the sisters knew that the outside world would not respond favorably to their creative expression; female authors were often treated less seriously than their male counterparts in the nineteenth century. Thus the Brontë sisters thought it best to publish their adult works under assumed names. Charlotte wrote as Currer Bell, Emily as Ellis Bell, and Anne as Acton Bell. Their real identities remained secret until after Emily and A nne had died, when Charlotte at last revealed the truth of their novels’ authorship.Today, Wuthering Heights has a secure position in the canon of world literature, and Emily Brontë is revered as one of the finest writers—male or female—of the nineteenth century. Like Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights is based partly on the Gothic tradition of the late eighteenth century, a style of literature that featured supernatural encounters, crumbling ruins, moonless nights, and grotesque imagery, seeking to create effects of mystery and fear. But Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety. The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted. And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.Plot OverviewI N THE LATE WINTER MONTHS OF 1801, a man named Lockwood rents a manor house called Thrushcross Grange in the isolated moor country of England. Here, he meets his dour landlord, Heathcliff, a wealthy man who lives in the ancient manor of Wuthering Heights, four miles away from the Grange. In this wild, stormy countryside, Lockwood asks his housekeeper, Nelly Dean, to tell him the story of Heathcliff and the strange denizens of Wuthering Heights. Nelly consents, and Lockwood writes down his recollections of her tale in his diary; these written recollections form the main part of Wuthering Heights.Nelly remembers her childhood. As a young girl, she works as a servant at Wuthering Heights for the owner of the manor, Mr. Earnshaw, and his family. One day, Mr. Earnshaw goes to Liverpool and returns home with an orphan boy whom he will raise with his own children. At first, the Earnshaw children—a boy named Hindley and his younger sister Catherine—detest the dark-skinned Heathcliff. But Catherine quickly comes to love him, and the two soon grow inseparable, spending their days playing on the moors. After his wife’s death, Mr. Earnshaw grows to prefer Heathcliff to his own son, and when Hindley continues his cruelty to Hea thcliff, Mr. Earnshaw sends Hindley away to college, keeping Heathcliff nearby.Three years later, Mr. Earnshaw dies, and Hindley inherits Wuthering Heights. He returns with a wife, Frances, and immediately seeks revenge on Heathcliff. Once an orphan, later a pampered and favored son, Heathcliff now finds himself treated as a common laborer, forced to work in the fields. Heathcliff continues his close relationship with Catherine, however. One night they wander to Thrushcross Grange, hoping to tease Edgar and Isabella Linton, the cowardly, snobbish children who live there. Catherine is bitten by a dog and is forced to stay at the Grange to recuperate for five weeks, during which time Mrs. Linton works to make her a proper young lady. By the time Catherine returns, she has become infatuated with Edgar, and her relationship with Heathcliff grows more complicated.When Frances dies after giving birth to a baby boy named Hareton, Hindley descends into the depths of alcoholism, and behaves even more cruelly and abusively toward Heathcliff. Eventually, Catherine’s desire for social advancement prompts her to become eng aged to Edgar Linton, despite her overpowering love for Heathcliff. Heathcliff runs away from Wuthering Heights, staying away for three years, and returning shortly after Catherine and Edgar’s marriage.When Heathcliff returns, he immediately sets about seeking revenge on all who have wronged him. Having come into a vast and mysterious wealth, he deviously lends money to the drunken Hindley, knowing that Hindley will increase his debts and fall into deeper despondency. When Hindley dies, Heathcliff inherits the manor. He also places himself in line to inherit Thrushcross Grange by marrying Isabella Linton, whom he treats very cruelly. Catherine becomes ill, gives birth to a daughter, and dies. Heathcliff begs her spirit to remain on Earth—she may take whatever form she will, she may haunt him, drive him mad—just as long as she does not leave him alone. Shortly thereafter, Isabella flees to London and gives birth to Heathcliff’s son, named Linton after her famil y. She keeps the boy with her there.Thirteen years pass, during which Nelly Dean serves as Catherine’s daughter’s nursemaid at Thrushcross Grange. Young Catherine is beautiful and headstrong like her mother, but her temperament is modified by her father’s gentler influence. Young Catherine grows up at the Grange with no knowledge of Wuthering Heights; one day, however, wandering through the moors, she discovers the manor, meets Hareton, and plays together with him. Soon afterwards, Isabella dies, and Linton comes to live with Heathcliff. Heathcliff treats his sickly, whining son even more cruelly than he treated the boy’s mother.Three years later, Catherine meets Heathcliff on the moors, and makes a visit to Wuthering Heights to meet Linton. She and Linton begin a secret romance conducted entirely through letters. When Nelly destroys Catherine’s collection of letters, the girl begins sneaking out at night to spend time with her frail young lover, who asks her to come back and nurse him back to health. However, it quickly becomes apparent that Linton is pursuing Catherine only because Heathcliff is forcing him to; Heathcliff hopes that if Catherine marries Linton, his legal claim upon Thrushcross Grange—and his revenge upon Edgar Linton—will be complete. One day, as Edgar Linton grows ill and nears death, Heathcliff lures Nelly and Catherine back to Wuthering Heights, and holds them prisoner until Catherine marries Linton. Soon after the marriage, Edgar dies, and his death is quickly followed by the death of the sickly Linton.Heathcliff now controls both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. He forces Catherine to live at Wuthering Heights and act as a common servant, while he rents Thrushcross Grange to Lockwood.Nelly’s story ends as she reaches the present. Lockwood, appalled, ends his tenancy at Thrushcross Grange and returns to Lond on. However, six months later, he pays a visit to Nelly, and learns of further developments in the story. Although Catherine originally mocked Hareton’s ignorance and illiteracy (in an act of retribution, Heathcliff ended Hareton’s education after Hindley died), Catherine grows to love Hareton as they live together at Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff becomes more and more obsessed with the memory of the elder Catherine, to the extent that he begins speaking to her ghost. Everything he sees reminds him of her. Shortly after a night spent walking on the moors, Heathcliff dies. Hareton and young Catherine inherit Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, and they plan to be married on the next New Year’s Day. After hearing the end of the story, Lockwood goes to visit the graves of Catherine and Heathcliff.ChronologyThe story of Wuthering Heights is told through flashbacks recorded in diary entries, and events are often presented out of chronological order—Lockwood’s narrative takes place after Nelly’s narrative, for instance, but is interspersed with Nelly’s story in his journal. Nevertheless, the novel contains enough clues to enable an approximate reconstruction of its chronology, which was elaborately designed by Emily Brontë. For instance, Lockwood’s diary entries are recorded in the late months of 1801 and in September 1802; in 1801, Nelly tells Lockwood that she has lived at Thrushcross Grange for eighteen years, since Catherine’s marriage to Edgar, whic h must then have occurred in 1783. We know that Catherine was engaged to Edgar for three years, and that Nelly was twenty-two when they were engaged, so the engagement must have taken place in 1780, and Nelly must have been born in 1758. Since Nelly is a few years older than Catherine, and since Lockwood comments that Heathcliff is about forty years old in 1801, it stands to reason that Heathcliff and Catherine were born around 1761, three years after Nelly. There are several other clues like this in the novel (such as Hareton’s birth, which occurs in June, 1778). The following chronology is based on those clues, and should closely approximate the timing of the novel’s important events. A ―~‖ before a date indicates that it cannot be precisely determined from the evidence in the novel, but only closely estimated.1500 - The stone above the front door of Wuthering Heights, bearing the name of Hareton Earnshaw, is inscribed, possibly to mark the completion of the house.Heathcliff (In-Depth Analysis)1758 - Nelly is born.Catherine (In-Depth Analysis)~1761 - Heathcliff and Catherine are born.Edgar (In-Depth Analysis)~1767 - Mr. Earnshaw brings Heathcliff to live at Wuthering Heights.1774 - Mr. Earnshaw sends Hindley away to college.1777 - Mr. Earnshaw dies; Hindley and Frances take possession of Wuthering Heights; Catherine first visits Thrushcross Grange around Christmastime.1778 - Hareton is born in June; Frances dies; Hindley begins his slide into alcoholism.1780 - Catherine becomes engaged to Edgar Linton; Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights.1783 - Catherine and Edgar are married; Heathcliff arrives at Thrushcross Grange in September.1784 - Heathcliff and Isabella elope in the early part of the year; Catherine becomes ill with brain fever; young Catherine is born late in the year; Catherine dies.1785 - Early in the year, Isabella flees Wuthering Heights and settles in London; Linton is born.~1785 - Hindley dies; Heathcliff inherits Wuthering Heights.~1797 - Young Catherine meets Hareton and visits Wuthering Heights for the first time; Linton comes from London after Isabella dies (in late 1797 or early 1798).1800 - Young Catherine stages her romance with Linton in the winter.1801 - Early in the year, young Catherine is imprisoned by Heathcliff and forced to marry Linton; Edgar Linton dies; Linton dies; Heathcliff assumes control of Thrushcross Grange. Late in the year, Lockwood rents the Grange from Heathcliff and begins his tenancy. In a winter storm, Lockwood takes ill and begins conversing with Nelly Dean.1801–1802 - During the winter, Nelly narrates her story for Lockwood.1802 - In spring, Lockwood returns to London; Catherine and Hareton fall in love; Heathcliff dies; Lockwood returns in September and hears the end of the story from Nelly.1803 - On New Year’s Day, young Catherine and Hareton plan to be married.Character ListHeathcliff - An orphan brought to live at Wuthering Heights by Mr. Earnshaw, Heathcliff falls into an intense, unbreakable love with Mr. Earnshaw’s daughter Catherine. After Mr. Earnshaw dies, his resentful son Hindley abuses Heathcliff and treats him as a s ervant. Because of her desire for social prominence, Cathe rine marries Edgar Linton instead of Heathcliff. Heathcliff’s humiliation and misery prompt him to spend most of the rest of his life seeking revenge on Hindley, his beloved Catherine, and their respective children (Hareton and young Catherine). A powerful, fierce, and often cruel man, Heathcliff acquires a fortune and uses his extraordinary powers of will to acquire both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, the estate of Edgar LintonCatherine - The daughter of Mr. Earnshaw and his wife, Catherine falls powerfully in love with Heathcliff, the orphan Mr. Earnshaw brings home from Liverpool. Catherine loves Heathcliff so intensely that she claims they are the same person. However, her desire for social advancement motivates her to marry Edgar Linton instead. Catherine is free-spirited, beautiful, spoiled, and often arrogant. She is given to fits of temper, and she is torn between her wild passion for Heathcliff and her social ambition. She brings misery to both of the men who love her.Edgar Linton - Well-bred but rather spoiled as a boy, Edgar Linton grows into a tender, constant, but cowardly man. He is almost the ideal gentleman: Catherine accurately describes him as ―handsome,‖ ―pleasant to be with,‖ ―cheerful,‖ and ―rich.‖ However, this full assortm ent of gentlemanly characteristics, along with his civilized virtues, proves useless in Edgar’s clashes with his foil, Heathc liff, who gains power over his wife, sister, and daughter.Nelly Dean - Nelly Dean (known formally as Ellen Dean) serves as the chief narrator of Wuthering Heights. A sensible, intelligent, and compassionate woman, she grew up essentially alongside Hindley and Catherine Earnshaw and is deeply involved in the story she tells. She has strong feelings for the characters in her story, and these feelings complicate her narration.Lockwood - Lockwood’s narration forms a frame around Nelly’s; he serves as an intermediary between Nelly and the reader. A somewhat vain and presumptuous gentleman, he deals very clumsily with the inhabitants of Wuthering Heights. Lockwood comes from a more domesticated region of England, and he finds himself at a loss when he witnesses the strange household’s disregard for thesocial conventions that have always structured his world. As a narrator, his vanity and unfamiliarity with the story occasionally leadhim to misunderstand events.Young Catherine - For clarity’s sake, this SparkNote refers to the daughter of Edgar Linton and the first Catherine as ―young Catherine.‖ The first Catherine begins her life as C atherine Earnshaw and ends it as Catherine Linton; her daughter begins as Catherine Linton and, assuming that she marries Hareton after the end of the story, goes on to become Catherine Earnshaw. The mother and the daughter share not only a name, but also a tendency toward headstrong behavior, impetuousness, and occasional arrogance. However, Edgar’s influence seems to have tempered young Catherine’s character, and she is a gentler and more compassionate creature th an her mother.Hareton Earnshaw - The son of Hindley and Frances Earnshaw, Hareton is Catherine’s nephew. After Hindley’s death, Heathcliff assumes custody of Hareton, and raises him as an uneducated field worker, just as Hindley had done to Heathcliff himself. Thus Heathcliff uses Hareton to seek revenge on Hindley. Illiterate and quick-tempered, Hareton is easily humiliated, but shows a good heart and a deep desire to improve himself. At the end of the novel, he marries young Catherine.Linton Heathcliff - Heathcliff’s son by Isabella. Weak, sn iveling, demanding, and constantly ill, Linton is raised in London by his mother and does not meet his father until he is thirteen years old, when he goes to live with him after his mother’s death. H eathcliff despises Linton, treats him contemptuously, and, by forcing him to marry the young Catherine, uses him to cement his control over Thrushcross Grange after Edgar Linton’s death. Linton himself dies not long after this marriage.Hindley Earnshaw - Catherine’s brother, and Mr. Earnshaw’s son. Hindley res ents it when Heathcliff is brought to live at Wuthering Heights. After his father dies and he inherits the estate, Hindley begins to abuse the young Heathcliff, terminating his education and forcing him to work in the fields. When Hindley’s wife Frances di es shortly after giving birth to their son Hareton, he lapses into alcoholism and dissipation.Isabella Linton - Edgar Linton’s sister, who falls in love with Heathcliff and marries him. She sees Heathcliff as a romantic figure, like a character in a novel. Ultimately, she ruins her life by falling in love with him. He never returns her feelings and treats her as a mere tool in his quest for revenge on the Linton family.Mr. Earnshaw - Catherine and Hindley’s father. Mr. Earnshaw adopts Heathcliff and bri ngs him to live at Wuthering Heights. Mr. Earnshaw prefers Heathcliff to Hindley but nevertheless bequeaths Wuthering Heights to Hindley when he dies.Mrs. Earnshaw - Catherine and Hindley’s mother, who neither likes nor trusts the orphan Heathcliff when he is brought to live at her house. She dies shortly after Heathcliff’s arrival at Wuthering Heights.Joseph - A long-winded, fanatically religious, elderly servant at Wuthering Heights. Joseph is strange, stubborn, and unkind, and he speaks with a thick Yorkshire accent.Frances Earnshaw - Hindley’s simpering, silly wife, who treats Heathcliff cruelly. She dies shortly after giving birth to Hareton. Mr. Linton - Edgar and Isabella’s father and the proprietor of Thrushcross Grange when Heathcliff and Cat herine are children. An established member of the gentry, he raises his son and daughter to be well-mannered young people.Mrs. Linton - Mr. Linton’s somewhat snobbish wife, who does not like Heathcliff to be allowed near her children, Edgar and Isabella. She teaches Catherine to act like a gentle-woman, thereby instilling her with social ambitions.Zillah - The housekeeper at Wuthering Heights during the latter stages of the narrative.Mr. Green - Edgar Linton’s lawyer, who arrives too late to hear Edgar’s final instruction to change his will, which would have prevented Heathcliff from obtaining control over Thrushcross Grange.Analysis of Major CharactersHeathcliffWuthering Heights centers around the story of Heathcliff. The first paragraph of the novel provides a vivid physical picture of him, as Lockwood describes how his ―black eyes‖ withdraw suspiciously under his brows at Lockwood’s approach. Nelly’s story begins with his introduction into the Earnshaw family, his vengeful machinations drive the entire plot, and his death ends the book. The desire to understand him and his motivations has kept countless readers engaged in the novel.Heathcliff, however, defies being understood, and it is difficult for readers to resist seeing what they want or expect to see in him. The novel teases the reader with the possibility that Heathcliff is something other than what he seems—that his cruelty is merely an expression of his frustrated love for Catherine, or that his sinister behaviors serve to conceal the heart of a romantic hero. We expect Heathcliff’s character to contain such a hidden virtue because he resembles a hero in a romance novel. Traditionally, romance novel heroes appear dangerous, brooding, and cold at first, only later to emerge as fiercely devoted and loving. One hundred years before Emily Brontë wrote Wuthering Heights,the notion that ―a reformed rake makes the best husband‖ was already a cliché of romantic literature, and romance novels center around the same cliché to this day.However, Heathcliff does not reform, and his malevolence proves so great and long-lasting that it cannot be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge against Hindley, Catherine, Edgar, etc. As he himself points out, his abuse of Isabella is purely sadistic, as he amuses himself by seeing how much abuse she can take and still come cringing back for more. Critic Joyce Carol Oates argues that Emily Brontë does the same thing to the reader that Heathcliff does to Isabella, testing to see how many times the reader can be shocked by Heathcliff’s gratuitous violence and still, masoc histically, insist on seeing him as a romantic hero.It is significant that Heathcliff begins his life as a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool. When Brontë composed her book, in the 1840s, the English economy was severely depressed, and the conditions of the factory workers in industrial areas like Liverpool were so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violent revolt. Thus, many of the more affluent members of society beheld these workers with a mixture of sympathy and fear. In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell. The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of Eng land’s―dark Satanic Mills.‖ Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book.Considering this historical context, Heathcliff seems to embody the anxieties that the book’s upper- and middle-class audience had about the working classes. The reader may easily sympathize with him when he is powerless, as a child tyrannized by Hindley Earnshaw, but he becomes a villain when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman. This corresponds with the ambivalence the upper classes felt toward the lower classes—the upper classes had charitable impulses toward lower-class citizens when they were miserable, but feared the prospect of the lower classes trying to escape their miserable circumstances by acquiring political, social, cultural, or economic power.CatherineThe location of Catherine’s coffin symbolizes the conflict that tears apart her short life. She is not buried in the chapel w ith the Lintons. Nor is her coffin placed among the tombs of the Earnshaws. Instead, as Nel ly describes in Chapter XVI, Catherine is buried ―in a corner of the kirkyard, where the wall is so low that heath and bilberry plants have climbed over it from the moor.‖ Moreover, she i s buried with Edgar on one side and Heathcliff on the other, suggesting her conflicted loyalties. Her actions are driven in part by her social ambitions, which initially are awakened during her first stay at the Lintons’, and which eventually compel her to marry Edgar. However,she is also motivated by impulses that prompt her to violate social conventions—to love Heathcliff, throw temper tantrums, and run around on the moor.Isabella Linton—Catherine’s sister-in-law and Heathcliff’s wife, wh o was born in the same year that Catherine was—serves as Catherine’s foil. The two women’s parallel positions allow us to see their differences with greater clarity. Catherine repres ents wild nature, in both her high, lively spirits and her occasional cruelty, whereas Isabella represents culture and civilization, both in her refinement and in her weakness.EdgarJust as Isabella Linton serves as Catherine’s foil, Edgar Linton serves as Heathcliff’s. Edgar is born and raised a gentleman. He is graceful, well-mannered, and instilled with civilized virtues. These qualities cause Catherine to choose Edgar over Heathcliff and thus to initiate the contention between the men. Nevertheless, Edgar’s gentlemanly qualities ultimately prove useless in his ensuing rivalrywith Heathcliff. Edgar is particularly humiliated by his confrontation with Heathcliff in Chapter XI, in which he openly shows his fear of fighting Heathcliff. Catherine, having witnessed the scene, taunts him, saying, ―Heathcliff would as soon lift a finger at yo u as the king would march his army against a colony of mice.‖ As the reader can see from the earliest descrip tions of Edgar as a spoiled child, his refinement is tied to his helplessness and impotence.Charlotte Brontë, in her preface to the 1850 edition of Wuthering Heights, refers to Edgar as ―an example of constancy and tenderness,‖ and goes on to suggest that her sister Emily was using Edgar to point out that such characteristics constitute true virtues in all human beings, and not just in women, as society tended to believe. However, Charlotte’s reading seems influenced by her own feminis t agenda. Edgar’s inability to counter Heathcliff’s vengeance, and his naïve belief on his deathbed in his daughter’s safety and happiness, make him a weak, if sympathetic, characterThemes, Motifs & SymbolsThemesThemes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.The Destructiveness of a Love that Never ChangesCatherine and Heathcliff’s passion for one another seems to be the center of Wuthering Heights, given that it is stronger and more lasting than any other emotion displayed in the novel, a nd that it is the source of most of the major conflicts that structure the novel’s plot. As she tells Catherine and Heathcliff’s story, Nelly criticizes both of them harshly, condemning their passion as immor al, but this passion is obviously one of the most compelling and memorable aspects of the book. It is not easy to decide whether Brontë intends the reader to condemn these lovers as blameworthy or to idealize them as romantic heroes whose love transcends social norms and conventional morality. The book is actually structured around two parallel love stories, the first half of the novel centering on the love between Catherine and Heathcliff, while the less dramatic second half features the developing love between young Catherine and Hareton. In contrast to the first, the latter tale ends happily, restoring peace and order to Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. The differences between the two love stories contribute to the reader’s understanding of why each ends the way it does.The most important fea ture of young Catherine and Hareton’s love story is that it involves growth and change. Early in the novel Hareton seems irredeemably brutal, savage, and illiterate, but over time he becomes a loyal friend to young Catherine and learns to read. When young Catherine first meets Hareton he seems completely alien to her world, yet her attitude also evolves from contempt to love. Catherine and Heathcliff’s love, on the other hand, is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change. In choosing to marry Edgar, Catherine seeks a more genteel life, but she refuses to adapt to her role as wife, either by sacrificing Heathcliff or embracing Edgar. In Chapter XII she suggests to Nelly that the years since she was twelve years old and her father died have been like a blank to her, and she longs to return to the moors of her childhood. Heathcliff, for his part, possesses a seemingly superhuman ability to maintain the same attitude and to nurse the same grudges over many years.Moreover, Catherine and Hea thcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical. Catherine declares, famously, ―I am Heathcliff,‖ while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, wails that he cannot live without his ―soul,‖ meaning Catherine. Their love denies difference, and is strangely asexual. The two do not kiss in dark corners or arrange secret trysts, as adulterers do. Given that Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based upon their refusal to change over time or embrace difference in others, it is fittin g that the disastrous problems of their generation are overcome not by some climactic reversal, but simply by the inexorable passage of time, and the rise of a new and distinct generation. Ultimately, Wuthering Heights presents a vision of life as a process of change, and celebrates this process over and against the romantic intensity of its principal characters.The Precariousness of Social ClassAs members of the gentry, the Earnshaws and the Lintons occupy a somewhat precarious place within the hierarchy of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century British society. At the top of British society was the royalty, followed by the aristocracy, then by the gentry, and then by the lower classes, who made up the vast majority of the population. Although the gentry, or upper middle class, possessed servants and often large estates, they held a nonetheless fragile social position. The social status of aristocrats was a formal and settled matter, because aristocrats had official titles. Members of the gentry, however, held no titles, and their status was thus subject to change.A man might see himself as a gentleman but find, to his embarrassment, that his neighbors did not share this view. A discussion of whether or not a man was really a gentleman would consider such questions as how much land he owned, how many tenants and servants he had, how he spoke, whether he kept horses and a carriage, and whether his money came from land or ―trade‖—gentlemen scorned banking and commercial activities.Considerations of class stat us often crucially inform the characters’ motivations in Wuthering Heights. Catherine’s decision to marry Edgar so that she will be ―the greatest woman of the neighborhood‖ is only the most obvious example. The Lintons are relative ly firm in their gentry status but nonetheless take great pains to prove this status through their behaviors. The Earnshaws, on the other hand, rest on much shakier ground socially. They do not have a carriage, they have less land, and their house, as Lockwood remarks with greatp uzzlement, resembles that of a ―homely, northern farmer‖ and not that of a gentleman. The shifting nature of social status is demonstrated most strikingly in Heathcliff’s trajectory from homeless waif to young gentleman-by-adoption to common laborer to gentleman again (although the status-conscious Lockwood remarks that Heathcliff is only a gentleman in ―dress and manners‖).MotifsMotifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text’s major themes.DoublesBrontë organizes her novel by arranging its elements—characters, places, and themes—into pairs. Catherine and Heathcliff are closely matched in many ways, and see themselves as identical. Catherine’s character is divided into two warring sides: the side that wants Edgar and the side that wants Heathcliff. Catherine and young Catherine are both remarkably similar and strikingly different. The two houses, Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, represent opposing worlds and values. The novel has not one but two distinctly different narrators, Nelly and Mr. Lockwood. The relation between such paired elements is usually quite complicated, with the。
经典名著英汉互译：呼啸山庄They lifted their eyes together, to encounter Mr. Heathcliff： perhaps you have never remarked that their eyes are precisely similar, and they are those of Catherine Earnshaw. The present Catherine has no other likeness to her, except a breadth of forehead, and a certain arch of thenostril that makes her appear rather haughty, whether shewill or not. With Hareton the resemblance is carried farther：it is singular at all times, then it was particularlystriking, because his senses were alert, and his mental faculties wakened to unwonted activity. I suppose this resemblance disarmed Mr. Heathcliff： he walked to the hearth in evident agitation, but it quickly subsided as he looked at the young man： or, I should say, altered its characters forit was there yet. He took the book from his hand，and glanced at the open page, then returned it without anyobservation;merely signing Catherine away： her companion lingered very little behind her, and I was about to depart also, but he bid me sit still.他们俩同时抬起眼睛，看到了希斯克利夫先生。
呼啸山庄1 Mr Lockwood visits Wuthering Heights1 洛克伍德先生造访呼啸山庄1801 I have just returned from a visit to my landlord，Mr Heathcliff．I am delighted with the house I am renting from him．Thrushcross Grange is miles away from any town or village．That suits me perfectly．And the scenery here in Yorkshire is so beautiful！1801年我刚刚拜访我的房东希斯克利夫先生回来。
我喜欢从他那儿租来的那座房子。
画眉山庄无论离哪个村镇都有数英里之遥，正合我的心意。
约克郡这儿的风景太美了！解析：landlord房东、店主、地主如果房东或地主是女性的话，还可以用landlady来突出性别。
eg:He is the landlord of this apartment.他是这间公寓的房东。
Mr Heathcliff，in fact，is my only neighbour，and I think his character is similar to mine．He does not like people either．希斯克利夫先生实际上是我唯一的邻居，并且我觉得他的性情与我相仿。
他也不喜欢人群。
similar 相同的，类似的eg:Ann's new cellphone is similar to mine.安的新手机和我的很像。
‘My name is Lockwood，’I said，when I met him at the gate to his house．‘I'm renting Thrushcross Grange from you． I just wanted to come and introduce myself．’在通向他房子的院门前我见到了他。
呼啸山庄19世纪在英国约克郡一个阴沉的荒原边上有一栋阴冷的荒凉的房♥子竖立在一个和它一样阴冷的荒凉的的荒地里只有迷失的路人会来到呼啸山庄把你这条讨厌的狗叫开Call off your ungodly dogs!坐下Down!安静坐下Quiet! Down!你是希斯克利夫先生吗Are you Mr. Heathcliff?我是洛克伍德先生在书眉农庄你的新租地人Well, I'm Mr. Lockwood, your new tenant at the Grange.我迷路了我I'm lost. I...我能从在你的人当中找一个向导吗Can I get a guide from amongst your lads?你不能我只有一个而且他需要留在这里No, you cannot. I've only got one, and he's needed here.好吧那么我必须停留直到早晨Well, then, I'll have to stay till morning.好吧Do as you please.安静坐下Quiet! Down!谢谢你的款待我可以得到一杯茶吗Thank you for your hospitality. Could you extend it to a cup of tea? -我可以吗 -你听到他要了-Shall I? -You heard him ask for it.谢谢你Thank you.那位亲切的淑女是希斯克利夫太太吗I presume the amiable lady is Mrs. Heathcliff?我可以坐下吗Would it be taxing your remarkable hospitality if I sat down?希望我的款待可以教教你I hope my hospitality will teach you...不应该在这些荒野之上做轻率的旅程not to make rash journeys on these moors.至於留宿的话我不款待访客As for staying here, I don't keep accommodations for visitors. 你能和仆人分享一张床You can share a bed with one of the servants.谢谢我睡在椅子上好了先生Thanks. I'll sleep in a chair, sir.不行陌生人就是陌生人No. A stranger is a stranger.这栋房♥子中很少有客人Guests are so rare in this house我不知道该如何接待他们that I hardly know how to receive them.我和我的狗I and my dog.约瑟打开一个楼上的房♥间Joseph, open up one of the upstairs rooms.这里是你的房♥间先生Here's a room for thee, sir.新娘的室Bridal chamber.几年没有人在这里睡过了Nobody slept here for years.令人感到压抑的It's a trifle depressing.你能点燃壁炉吗Can you light a fire?没有火将会在那边的炉篦中燃烧No fire will burn in yonder grate.烟囱全部被塞住了Chimbley's all blocked up.好吧谢谢Very well. Thanks.晚安Good night.我说晚安I said good night.希斯克利夫Heathcliff!让我进去Let me in!我在荒野之上迷路了I'm lost on the moors!-是凯茜 -请帮忙希斯克利夫先生-It's Cathy! -Help! Mr. Heathcliff!外面有人There's somebody out!哦希斯克利夫先生Oh, Mr. Heathcliff!外面有人是一个女人我听到了她的召唤There's someone out there. It's a woman. I heard her calling. 她说了她的名字凯茜就是凯茜She said her name. Cathy. That was it!凯茜Cathy?哦我一定是在做梦原谅我Oh, I must have been dreaming. Forgive me.滚出这个房♥间滚出去Get out of this room. Get out!滚出去我警告你Get out, I tell you!凯茜进来Cathy! Come in!凯茜回到我这里来Cathy, come back to me.哦再来一次Oh, do come once more.哦我亲爱的Oh, my heart's darling!凯茜我自己的...Cathy. My own...我的...My...他在暴风雨中去哪里Where's he going in the storm?她召唤他She calls him...而且他跟着她到荒野之上and he follows her out onto the moor.他是疯狂的他像一个疯子He's mad! He's like a madman.他藉着衣领抓住了我而且激怒了我He seized me by the collar and flung me out.你看我做了一个梦You see, I had a dream.我想我听到了一个声音的召唤I thought I heard a voice calling.我向窗户方向移♥动♥ 而且某物碰了我I reached out to close the shutter, and something touched me.那东西很冷像一只冰冷的手Something cold and clinging, like an icy hand.然後我看见了她一个女人And then I saw her. A woman.然后我的感觉一定因为落下的雪变得混乱...Then my senses must have become disordered because the falling snow... 变成了一个像幻影的东西但是什么都没有shaped itself into what looked like a phantom, but there was nothing.是凯茜It was Cathy.凯茜是谁Who is Cathy?一个死的少女A girl who died.哦不我不相信鬼Oh, no, I don't believe in ghosts.我不相信幻影会整个夜晚的哭I don't believe in phantoms sobbing through the night.-可怜的凯茜 -我不相信死人复活-Poor Cathy. -I don't believe life comes back...它曾经死了而且再一次呼叫活物once it's died and calls again to the living.不我不No, I don't.也许如果我告诉你她的故事Maybe if I told you her story,你将会改变你的想法you'd change your mind...关于死人复活about the dead coming back.也许你将会知道像我一样...Maybe you'd know, as I do...有一个力量把他们带回来that there is a force that brings them back...如果他们的心够野性的话if their hearts were wild enough in life.告诉我她的故事Tell me her story.故事在40年以前开始It began 40 years ago...当我还年轻的时候...when I was young...为欧肖先生服务时...in the service of Mr. Earnshaw...凯茜的父亲Cathy's father.呼啸山庄是一个可爱的地方在那些天内...Wuthering Heights was a lovely place in those days...充满了夏天的气息年轻人和快乐的声音full of summertime and youth and happy voices.有一天欧肖先生正在从利物浦的回来One day Mr. Earnshaw was returning from a visit to Liverpool. -你捉不到我 -我捉得到你-You'll not catch me! -Yes, I will!凯茜去洗洗我不想要你的父亲看见你这么脏Cathy, go wash! I don't want your father to see you in that dress. 你也去刑立赶快现在You too, Hindley. Hurry up, now.我不想洗I don't want to get washed!过来要不然我会告诉你的父亲Come along! I'll tell your father不给你他正在带来的礼物not to give you the present he's bringing.-他正在带来什么 -去二楼-What's he bringing? -Go along upstairs.约瑟说他的马正在过来小山这边Joseph says his horse is coming over the hill.晚上好欧肖先生Evening, Mr. Earnshaw.-哈罗约瑟 -哈罗邻居欧肖-Hello, Joseph. -Hello, neighbor Earnshaw.-你好吗肯尼斯医生 -回来得真快-How are you, Dr. Kenneth? -Back so soon?你到那里去了What in the world have you got there?上帝的一个礼物A gift of God.虽然它是如黑暗好像他来自魔鬼Although it's as dark as if he came from the devil.安静我漂亮的青年我们到家了Quiet, me bonny lad, we're home.他是一个看似不爱讲话的人He's a dour-looking individual.是而且有理由Aye, and with reason.我发现了他在利物浦中饿得要死I found him starving in Liverpool...被踢而且打伤和几乎死去kicked and bruised and almost dead.因此你绑♥架♥了他So you kidnapped him.没有直到我花费了二镑发现他的拥有者是谁Not until I spent two pounds trying to find out who its owner was. 但是没有人会要他因此我把他带回家But nobody would claim him, so I brought him home.-戈答普 -这里这里-Giddap! -Here, here!怎么回事你撒旦的年轻小鬼我走了Come on, you young imp of Satan. Off with ye.-凯茜刑立 -欢迎回家孩子们快来了-Cathy, Hindley! -Welcome home. The children are coming.不要震惊亚伦Don't look so shocked, Ellen.他会和我们住一阵子给他洗澡He's going to live with us for a while. Give him a good scrubbing... 而且给他穿上一些正经的衣服and put some Christian clothes on him.食物是他最需要的欧肖先生Food is what he needs most, Mr. Earnshaw.他瘦的像一只麻雀进厨房♥ 孩子He's as thin as a sparrow. Come into the kitchen, child.凯茜刑立Cathy! Hindley!-父亲你带来我什么 -哈罗父亲-Father, what did you bring me? -Hello, Father!你在那里这是你所总是想要的There you are. It's what you've always wanted.一个马鞭要小心使用它A riding crop. Be careful how you use it.-哦它是令人惊奇的 -我非常高兴你很快回来-Oh, it's wonderful! -I'm so glad you got back soon.-它是令人惊奇的 -嗷父亲停止她-It's wonderful! -Ow! Father, make her stop!不孩子No, children.这是刑立的小提琴This is Hindley's violin.在利物浦最好的之一One of the best in Liverpool.这里好声音Here. Fine tone.一个与它搭配的弓And a bow to go with it.你在这里帕嘎匿尼Here you are, Paganini.那是谁Who's that?-他饥饿的像一只狼 -哦孩子-He was hungry as a wolf. -Oh, children.这是我在利物浦碰到一个小绅士This is a little gentleman I met in Liverpool他将会拜访我们who will pay us a visit.他...他是肮脏的He... He's dirty.哦不不要使我为你惭愧凯茜Oh, no. Don't make me ashamed of you, Cathy.给他洗完澡后带他看刑立的房♥间When he's been scrubbed, show him Hindley's room.-他将会在那里睡觉 -在我的房♥间-He'll sleep there. -In my room?他不能我不让他He can't. I won't let him.孩子你现在可能可以学到你一定要分享你有的Children, you may as well learn now that you must share what you have... 与其他不如你幸运的人with others not as fortunate as yourselves.-掌管这个青年亚伦 -过来孩子-Take charge of the lad, Ellen. -Come along, child.你的名字是什么What's your name?我们将会称他为希斯克利夫We'll call him Heathcliff.希斯克利夫我会和你比赛到谷仓Heathcliff, I'll race you to the barn.失败者必须当奴隶The loser has to be the slave.快点Come on!再快点Faster!快点Come on!哇我嬴了Whoa. I won!你是我的奴隶你必须做我说的伺候我的马You're my slave! You have to do as I say. Water my horse and groom it! 哦那不公平太真实了Oh, that's not fair! It's too real.-你想要什么 -这匹马-What do you want? -This horse.-不行他是我的 -我的不好我要骑你的-You can't have him. He's mine! -Mine's lame. I'm riding yours.把他给我否则我会告诉父亲Give him to me or I'll tell Father你当他死的时候你将会赶走我you boasted you'd turn me out when he died!那是一则谎言我从没有说过That's a lie! I never said such a thing.-他没有 -你从没有一个父亲-He didn't! -You never had a father!你这个吉普赛人乞丐你不能抢我的You gypsy beggar! You can't have mine!停止Stop that!-希斯克利夫小心 -不要靠近我-Heathcliff, look out! -Don't come near me!让他去你杀了他Let him go! You killed him!我去告诉父亲他将会为这处罚你I'm going to tell Father. He'll punish you for this.直到他恢复你不能靠近他You can't go near him till he's well.你听到了肯尼斯医生说的You heard Dr. Kenneth!你被严重地伤害吗Are you hurt badly?对我说话Talk to me.你何不哭希斯克利夫不要那样Why don't you cry? Heathcliff, don't look like that!我如何能报复他How can I pay him back?我不关心我要等多久...I don't care how long I wait...只要能报复他if I can only pay him back.来让我们去蓬尼斯东峭壁摘山小菜Come. Let's pick harebells on Penistone Crag.你能骑珍You can ride Jane.请我的主人Please, milord?-哦希斯克利夫 -哇珍-Oh, Heathcliff. -Whoa, Jane.当你微笑的时候你是如此英俊You're so handsome when you smile.不要嘲弄我Don't make fun of me.你不知道你很英俊吗你知道我告诉亚伦什么吗Don't you know that you're handsome? Do you know what I've told Ellen? -你是假面目的一位王子 -是吗-You're a prince in disguise. -You did?我说你的父亲是中国皇帝I said your father was the emperor of China和你的母亲一位印度皇后and your mother an Indian queen.是真的希斯克利夫It's true, Heathcliff.你被坏的水手绑♥架♥ 而且被带到英国来You were kidnapped by wicked sailors and brought to England.但是我很高兴我总是想要认识高贵的出生的人But I'm glad. I've always wanted to know somebody of noble birth. 我曾经读过的所有有城♥堡♥的王子All the princes I ever read about had castles.当然他们捕获了他们你也一定要捕获一个Of course. They captured them. You must capture one too.有一个美丽城♥堡♥ 等待你的枪矛王子先生There's a beautiful castle that lies waiting for your lance, Sir Prince. 你再说蓬尼斯东峭壁那仅仅是一块岩石You mean Penistone Crag? Aw, that's just a rock.你不能看见那是一个城♥堡♥ 你永远无法是一位王子If you can't see that's a castle, you'll never be a prince.这里带你的枪矛和武器Here, take your lance and charge!看见在可开闭的吊桥那个黑色的骑士向他挑战See that black knight at the drawbridge? Challenge him!冲锋Charge!我向你挑战到不免一死的战斗黑色的骑士I challenge you to mortal combat, Black Knight!希斯克利夫你杀了他你有杀黑色的骑士Heathcliff! You've killed him! You've killed the black knight!他罪有应得He's earned it for all his wicked deeds.哦它是一个令人惊奇的城♥堡♥Oh, it's a wonderful castle.-希斯克利夫我们留下不走吧 -不行-Heathcliff, let's never leave it. -Never in our lives!让世界承认没有比它更美丽的花Let all the world confess, there is not a more beautiful damsel...比约克郡(英东北)凯萨琳公主还美than the Princess Catherine of Yorkshire.但是还是你的奴隶But I'm still your slave.不凯茜我现在使你成为我的皇后No, Cathy. I now make you my queen.无论什么发生你将会总是我的皇后Whatever happens out there, here you will always be my queen.他好吗医生How is he, Doctor?他处在平静He is at peace.去找教区牧师约瑟Send for the vicar, Joseph.我的亲爱野性的小凯茜My dear, wild little Cathy.你可以过来在他旁边祈祷You may come up and pray beside him now.上面不想要你You're not wanted up there.我的父亲被你的甜言蜜语诱惑了My father is past your wheedling.去帮助马房♥的男孩为教区牧师束马Go and help the stable boys harness the horse for the vicar.接受命令现在的我是主人Do as you're told. I'm master here now.当孩子们长大And as the children grew up,刑立的确是呼啸山庄的主人Hindley was indeed master of Wuthering Heights.它不再是他们的孩童时期的快乐的家It was no longer the happy home of their childhood.约瑟给我再来一瓶Joseph, bring me another bottle.那是第三瓶了刑立先生That's the third, Mr. Hindley.第三或二十三再给我另外一个The third or the twenty-third, bring me another.酒是一个嘲弄者暴饮是疯狂的主人Wine is a mocker. Strong drink is raging, Master Hindley.停止喷出圣经接受你的命令你个老鹦鹉Stop spouting scripture and do as you're told, you croaking old parrot. 是的主人Yes, Master Hindley.坐下凯茜直到你被允许离开Sit down, Cathy, till you're excused from the table.约瑟给凯茜小姐斟酒Joseph, fill Miss Cathy's glass.哦我的小姊妹不赞成喝酒Oh, my little sister disapproves of drinking.好吧我认识一些不喝酒的人们Well, I know some people who don't.希斯克利夫鞍我的马快点你吉普赛人乞丐Heathcliff, saddle my horse. Be quick about it, you gypsy beggar. 我告诉你要快I told you to be quick.看着这间马房♥ 这是一个猪舍Look at this stable. It's a pigsty.这就是你工作的方法吗Is this the way you do your work?清理干净Clean it up.我需要今晚地板被清理而且用力擦洗I want this floor cleaned and scrubbed tonight.不要站在那里站展现你的牙齿帮我Don't stand there showing your teeth. Give me a hand up.在我破晓回来前完成你的工作你听到了吗I want your work done when I come back at dawn, do you hear? 哦你正在希望我将不回来Oh, you're hoping I won't come back.你正在希望我滑倒而且折断我的脖子你不是You're hoping I'll fall and break my neck, aren't you?不是吗Aren't you?好吧快点希斯克利夫Well, come on, Heathcliff.希斯克利夫你正要去哪里Heathcliff, where are you going?回来Come back!-约瑟看见你来哪一方向吗 -有什么关系-Did Joseph see which way you came? -What does it matter?那里没有真的东西我们的生活这里Nothing's real down there. Our life is here.是的主人Yes, milord.云正在下降到哥梅尔顿The clouds are lowering over Gimmerton Head.看光如何正在变更See how the light is changing?如果被刑立发现就不好了It would be dreadful if Hindley ever found out.发现什么Found out what?你偶尔和我说话That you talk to me once in a while?我不该和你说话I shouldn't talk to you at all.看着你你变的一天比一天坏了Look at you! You get worse every day.肮脏的和不整齐的东西裹在碎布中Dirty and unkempt and in rags.为什么不是你一个男人Why aren't you a man?希斯克利夫你何不逃走Heathcliff, why don't you run away?逃走从你Run away? From you?你可以衣锦还乡而且带走我You could come back rich and take me away.你为什么不是我的王子就像我们以前玩的Why aren't you my prince like we said long ago?-你为什么不援救我 -现在和我来-Why can't you rescue me? -Come with me now.-哪里 -无论何处-Where? -Anywhere!而且住在在干草堆中而且从市场偷食物And live in haystacks and steal our food from the marketplaces?不那不是我想要的事情No. That's not what I want.你仅仅想要赶我走那不行You just want to send me off. That won't do.我留在这里而且被打的像一只狗I've stayed here and been beaten like a dog.被虐待诅咒逼得发狂但是我只是留在你身旁Abused and cursed and driven mad, but I stayed just to be near you. 即使活的像一只狗Even as a dog!我也会停留到结束的我死也不会离开I'll stay till the end. I'll live and I'll die under this rock.你听到吗Do you hear?音乐Music.林顿家正在举♥行♥一个宴会The Lintons are giving a party.那是我想做的事情That's what I want.在一个漂亮的世界中的舞蹈和歌♥唱Dancing and singing in a pretty world.而且我会有这些的And I'm going to have it.快点让我们去看看快点Come on. Let's go and see. Come on!它不令人惊奇吗Isn't it wonderful?她不美丽吗那正是我会穿着的类型的洋装Isn't she beautiful? That's the kind of dress I'll wear.你将会有一件红色的天鹅绒的外套You'll have a red velvet coat还有有银扣子的鞋with silver buckles on your shoes.哦我们会吗Oh, will we ever?快了Quick.捉住他史高克放光Hold him, Skulker, Flash!喊开你的狗你笨蛋Call off your dogs, you fools!不要动没有什么可慌的Stay where you are. There's nothing to be alarmed about. -是谁 -我不知道-Who is it? -I don't know.请回舞厅Please, back into the ballroom.-放开我 -抓住那男人-Let me go! -Hold that man.别让他跑了Hold onto him!-是谁埃德加 -凯萨琳欧肖父亲-Who is it Edgar? -Catherine Earnshaw, Father.-跟她一起的人是谁 -他们的马房♥男孩-Who's this with her? -Their stable boy.她正在出血拿热水来伊萨贝拉还有绷带She's bleeding. Bring hot water, Isabella, and bandages.-是的她伤的有多重 -看不出来-Yes. How badly is she hurt? -Can't tell.派罗勃特去找肯尼斯医生用马车快Send Robert to get Dr. Kenneth in the shay. Hurry.-你将会遭报应的 -闭嘴粗野的流子-You'll pay for this! -Hold your tongue, insolent rascal!-滚出这楝房♥子 -没有凯茜我不走-Get out of this house. -I won't go without Cathy.父亲不要她很痛苦Father, please, she's in pain.快逃走Go on. Run away.带回我失去的世界Bring me back the world.-打发这个人 -我去-Pack this fellow off. -I'm going.我从这里去而且从这诅咒国家I'm going from here and from this cursed country both.把他赶出去Throw him out!但是我一天内回来判断林顿我会报复你But I'll be back in this house one day, Judge Linton. I'll pay you out. 我会毁灭这楝房♥子在你们的头旁边I'll bring this house down in ruins about your heads.这是我对你的诅咒That's my curse on you!你们全部On all of you!凯茜发现了她自己在这个新的世界中...And so Cathy found herself in this new world...她如此时常有渴望进入she had so often longed to enter.在一些快乐的星期之後After some happy weeks,埃德加先生把她带回呼啸山庄Mr. Edgar brought her back to Wuthering Heights.欢迎回家凯茜小姐你好吗林顿先生Welcome home, Miss Cathy! How do you do, Mr. Linton?不要捣乱我叫约瑟抱你Don't stir! I'll get Joseph to carry you.抱她她像一头小山羊一样的奔跑Carry her? She runs like a little goat.亚伦我每晚跳舞Ellen, I've been dancing, night after night!哦你看起来真美丽Oh, how beautiful you look!不管你在那里得到那件美丽的洋装Wherever did you get that beautiful dress?林顿先生的姊妹借给我的它很棒不是吗Mr. Linton's sister lent it to me. Isn't it wonderful?埃德加进来喝茶Edgar, do come in for tea.在马们有被照看时As soon as the horses have been seen to.我会找人I'll find someone.他在这里Is he here?他上星期回来做了很棒的谈话...He came back last week with great talk...关于在火湖中没有你... 他如何希望看见你活着of lying in a lake of fire without you... how he had to see you to live. 他是无法忍♥受的他在哪里那个恶棍吗He's unbearable. Where could he be, the scoundrel?为什么做你长留在那楝房♥子中Why did you stay so long in that house?我以为你不在这里I didn't expect to find you here.你为什么停留如此长Why did you stay so long?为什么因为我曾经有一段美好时光Why? Because I was having a wonderful time.令人愉快的迷人令人惊奇的时间...A delightful, fascinating, wonderful time...在人类之中among human beings.去洗你的脸和手而且梳你的头发...Go and wash your face and hands, and comb your hair...所以我不需要对客人感到羞愧so that I needn't be ashamed of you in front of a guest.你正在房♥子这个部份中做什么呢What are you doing in this part of the house?给林顿先生看马Look after Mr. Linton's horses.让他照料他的自己的马Let him look after his own.-我已经这麽做了 -立刻对林顿先生道歉-I've already done so. -Apologize to Mr. Linton at once.端一些茶进来Bring in some tea, please.-凯茜 -是的埃德加-Cathy. -Yes, Edgar?我想不明白你的兄弟I cannot understand how your brother如何能允许那个吉普赛人住在这栋房♥子中can allow that gypsy in the house.不要谈论他Don't talk about him.你怎能这样一个良家妇女How can you, a gentlewoman,在你的屋顶之下宽容他tolerate him under your roof?路傍乞丐给他自己平等的空气你怎能这样A roadside beggar giving himself airs of equality. How can you?关於希斯克利夫你知道到什麽What do you know about Heathcliff?所有的我需要的或想要知道的All I need or want to know.他是我的朋友远在你之前He was my friend long before you.-那个无赖 -无论如何他属于这里-That blackguard? -Blackguard and all, he belongs here.说他的好话或滚出去Speak well of him or get out!-你疯了吗 -停止叫那些我爱的名字-Are you out of your senses? -Stop calling those I love names!那些你爱的Those you love?凯茜你怎么回事你了解你正在说的事物吗Cathy, what possesses you? Do you realize the things you're saying?我说我憎恨你I'm saying that I hate you.我憎恨你的乳白色脸I hate the look of your milk-white face.我憎恨你的柔软触感愚蠢的手I hate the touch of your soft, foolish hands.那个吉普赛人邪恶的灵魂已经进入你That gypsy's evil soul has got into you.-是的它是真实的 -乞丐的污垢在你身上-Yes, it's true! -That beggar's dirt is on you!是的现在滚出去Yes! Now get out!我亲爱的My dear.别管我Leave me alone.原谅我希斯克利夫Forgive me, Heathcliff.使世界停止在这里Make the world stop right here.使每件事物停止而且永远不再移♥动♥ Make everything stop and stand still and never move again. 使荒野永远不变化而且你和我永不改变Make the moors never change and you and I never change. 荒野和我将永不改变The moors and I will never change.-你不是吗凯茜 -我不能-Don't you, Cathy. -I can't.无论我曾经做或说什么这现在是我No matter what I ever do or say, this is me now.和你站在这个小山上Standing on this hill with you.这永远地是我This is me forever.来Come.当你走后你做了什么你去了哪里呢When you went away, what did you do? Where did you go? 我去了利物浦I went to Liverpool.一个夜晚我上了一艘去美国新奥尔良的船上One night I shipped for America on a brigantine going to New Orleans.我们被潮支撑而且我每晚躺在甲板之上...We were held up by the tide, and I lay all night on the deck...想到你和这些日子而且以后没有你的日子thinking of you and the years and years ahead without you.我自船上跳下游到岸边I jumped overboard and swam ashore.我想我可能会死如果你没有来I think I'd have died if you hadn't.你不要想那个另外的世界You're not thinking of that other world now.闻石南花Smell the heather.将我的双臂装满石南花全部装满Fill my arms with heather. All they can hold.快点Come on.你仍然是我的皇后You're still my queen!而且当时间过去And as time went by...凯茜再一次被做痛苦的抉择於她的野性Cathy again was torn between her wild,对希斯克利夫的无法控制的热爱...uncontrollable passion for Heathcliff...和她在书眉农庄找到的新的生活and the new life she had found at the Grange...她不可以忘记that she could not forget.肥皂进到我的眼睛中手巾在哪里I got the soap in my eyes! Where's the towel?-哦它很热 -不它很...-Oh, it's hot! -No, it's just...-很热的 -不要那样-It's hot! -Don't do that!亚伦你不已经完成吗Ellen, haven't you finished yet?假如你不准备好当他到达在这里的时候不要动Supposing you're not ready when he gets here. Keep still.任何年轻的男人遇到你后都会回来哭的Any young man that will come sniveling back after the way you treated him你能继续永远地等候you can keep waiting forever.他怎麽了送你香水他没有自豪吗What's wrong with him, sending you perfume? Hasn't he any pride?我道歉了没有吗I sent my apologies, didn't I?我不能相信你变了凯茜小姐I can't believe this change in you, Miss Cathy.昨天你是一个冒失的孩子Yesterday you were a harum-scarum child有肮脏的手和一颗任性的心with dirty hands and a willful heart.看看你Look at you.哦你是可爱的凯茜小姐可爱的Oh, you're lovely, Miss Cathy. Lovely.那是一则非常愚蠢的谎言That's a very silly lie.我不可爱我非常聪明I'm not lovely. What I am is very brilliant.-我有很棒的头脑 -是吗-I have a wonderful brain. -Indeed?它使我能够好好面对我自己It enables me to be superior to myself.仅仅看起来和易莎贝拉一样漂亮没用There's nothing to be gained by just looking pretty like Isabella.每个美人一定隐藏一个想法而且充满幽默Every beauty mark must conceal a thought and every curl be full of humor 和发油一样好as well as brilliantine.如此的喃喃而语我们...Such prattle. We...从何时起你习惯进入我的房♥间希斯克利夫Since when are you in the habit of entering my room, Heathcliff?我想要和你说话出去亚伦I want to talk to you. Go outside, Ellen.我不去I will not!我只接受女主人凯萨琳的命令I take orders from Mistress Catherine,不接受马房♥里男孩的not stable boys.出去Go outside.好吧亚伦All right, Ellen.既然我们如此快乐Now that we're so happily alone,我能知道如何报答如此的光荣吗may I know to what I owe this great honor?-他又来了 -你完全地无法令人忍♥受-He's coming here again. -You're utterly unbearable.你今天早上在荒野之上不这样想You didn't think so this morning on the moors.-好吧我的心情在户内改变 -他会来这里-Well, my moods change indoors. -Is he coming here?-当然不请走开 -你撒谎-Of course not. Please go away. -You're lying!为什么你穿着丝绸裙子Why are you dressed up in a silk dress?为晚餐穿的Because gentlefolk dress for dinner.这不是你你为什么尝试赢得他的谄媚Not you. Why are you trying to win his puling flatteries?我不是孩子你不能像那样对我说话I'm not a child. You can't talk like that to me.我没有和孩子说话我和我的凯茜说话I'm not talking to a child. I'm talking to my Cathy.-哦我是你的凯茜 -是的-Oh, I'm your Cathy? -Yes!我遵守你的命令而且允许你选择我的洋装I'm to take your orders and allow you to select my dresses?你不能向他假笑听他的愚蠢谈话You're not gonna simper in front of him, listening to his silly talk! 我不能I'm not?好吧我会听马房♥男孩说话更愉快Well, I am. It's more entertaining that listening to a stable boy. -不许你像那样说话 -我会走开-Don't you talk like that. -I will. Go away.这是我的房♥间一个淑女的房♥间This is my room, a lady's room,。
呼啸山庄1 Mr Lockwood visits Wuthering Heights1 洛克伍德先生造访呼啸山庄1801 I have just returned from a visit to my landlord，Mr Heathcliff．I am delighted with the house I am renting from him．Thrushcross Grange is miles away from any town or village．That suits me perfectly．And the scenery here in Yorkshire is so beautiful！1801年我刚刚拜访我的房东希斯克利夫先生回来。
我喜欢从他那儿租来的那座房子。
画眉山庄无论离哪个村镇都有数英里之遥，正合我的心意。
约克郡这儿的风景太美了！解析：landlord房东、店主、地主如果房东或地主是女性的话，还可以用landlady来突出性别。
eg:He is the landlord of this apartment.他是这间公寓的房东。
Mr Heathcliff，in fact，is my only neighbour，and I think his character is similar to mine．He does not like people either．希斯克利夫先生实际上是我唯一的邻居，并且我觉得他的性情与我相仿。
他也不喜欢人群。
similar 相同的，类似的eg:Ann's new cellphone is similar to mine.安的新手机和我的很像。
‘My name is Lockwood，’I said，when I met him at the gate to his house．‘I'm renting Thrushcross Grange from you． I just wanted to come and introduce myself．’在通向他房子的院门前我见到了他。
Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights），英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特（Emily Brontë）的小说，也是她唯一的一部小说，于1847年首度出版。
当时因为内容对人性丑恶的描写而遭致非议，被称为是一本“可怕而野蛮”的书，书中写尽了寂寥的荒野、偏僻的古堡、粗暴的爱情，气氛阴郁而浓厚，被当时人所不容。
但是随着时间的推移，这部小说逐渐的被主流社会所认同，并且被认为是勃朗特姐妹所有的作品中最为出色的一部。
艾米丽独特的气质，对世界的感悟，对荒原的依恋和描写，给这部小说增添了独特的审美意味，这是这部小说明显不同于维多利亚时代其他小说的原因。
其中也继承了象征、恐怖和神秘等哥特小说手法。
小说的背景是十八世纪英格兰北部的约克郡，呼啸山庄的主人、恩肖先生（Earnshaw）带回一个身分不明的吉普赛男孩，取名希斯克利夫（Heathcliff），这位小男孩夺去了主人对小主人亨德利（Hindley）和他妹妹凯瑟琳（Catherine）的宠爱。
主人恩肖死后，亨德利从外地娶回一女子(法兰西斯)，继承了山庄，为了报复，他把希斯克利夫贬为奴仆，并百般迫害，可是妹妹凯瑟琳却和他产生了爱情，希斯克利夫天性倔强，性格敏感而多疑，两人之间却又存在着激烈的冲突。
后来，凯瑟琳受外界影响，改而爱上有钱、成熟的画眉庄园的青年埃德加·林顿（Edgar Linton）。
使希斯克利夫在暴风雨之夜愤而出走，三年后再出现时，已经是一名富商，他的出现造成呼啸山庄诡异的气氛，希斯克利夫的爱变得偏激，他不但想报复凯瑟琳，还不放过她身边的每一个人，他用赌博赢得了山庄，亨德利成为他的仆人，亨德利最后死得不明不白，儿子哈里顿则成了奴仆。
他还故意娶了埃德加的妹妹伊莎贝拉（Isabella）为妻，造成兄妹失和，并施以迫害。
埃德加反对凯瑟琳和希斯克里夫继续来往，这使得凯瑟琳越来越忧郁，内心痛苦不堪的凯瑟琳在生产中死去。
希斯克利夫甚至想把凯瑟琳的遗体从坟墓里挖出来见最后一面。
十多年后，希斯克利夫又设法强迫埃德加的女儿小凯瑟琳，嫁给自己即将死去的儿子林敦。
埃德加和林敦都死了，希斯克利夫最终把埃德加的财产也据为己有。
复仇得逞了，他对凯瑟琳的爱是粗暴的，却也是无可取代的，他甚至希望死后能把棺材打开，跟凯瑟琳灵魂长相厮守，最终不吃不喝、苦恋而亡。
小凯瑟琳和哈里顿继承了山庄和田庄的产业，两人终于相爱，在画眉田庄安顿下来。
Wuthering Heights is the only published novel by Emily Brontë, written between October 1845 and June 1846[1] and published in July of the following year. It was not printed until December 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell, after the success of her sister Charlotte Brontë's novel Jane Eyre. A posthumous second edition was edited by Charlotte in 1850.[2]The title of the novel comes from the Yorkshire manor on the moors of the story. The narrative centres on the all-encompassing, passionate, but ultimately doomed love between Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them and the people around themOpening (chapters 1 to 3)In 1801, Mr. Lockwood, a rich man from the south of England, rents Thrushcross Grange in the north of England for peace and recuperation. Soon after his arrival, he visits his landlord, Mr. Heathcliff, who lives in the remote moorland farmhouse called"Wuthering Heights." He finds the inhabitants of Wuthering Heights to be a rather strange group: Mr. Heathcliff appears a gentleman but his mannerisms suggest otherwise; the reserved mistress of the house is in her mid-teens; and a young man appears to be one of the family, although he dresses and talks like a servant.Being snowed in, Mr. Lockwood stays the night and is shown to an unused chamber, where he finds books and graffiti from a former inhabitant of the farmhouse named Catherine. When he falls asleep, he has a nightmare in which he sees Catherine as a ghost trying to enter through the window. Heathcliff rushes to the room after hearing him yelling in fear. He believes Mr. Lockwood is telling the truth, and inspects the window, opening it in a futile attempt to let Catherine's spirit in from the cold. After nothing eventuates, Heathcliff shows Mr. Lockwood to his own bedroom, and returns to keep guard at the window.As soon as the sun rises, Mr. Lockwood is escorted back to Thrushcross Grange by Heathcliff. There, he asks his housekeeper, Nelly Dean, to tell him the story of the family from the Heights.The Childhood of Heathcliff (chapters 4 to 17)Thirty years prior, the Earnshaw family lived at Wuthering Heights. The children of the family are the teenaged Hindley and his younger sister, Catherine. Mr. Earnshaw travels to Liverpool, where he finds a homeless dark-skinned boy whom he decides to adopt, naming him "Heathcliff." Hindley finds himself robbed of his father's affections and becomes bitterly jealous of Heathcliff. However, Catherine grows very attached to him. Soon, the two children spend hours on the moors together and hate every moment apart.Because of the domestic discord caused by Hindley's and Heathcliff's sibling rivalry, Hindley is eventually sent to college. However, he marries a woman named Frances and returns three years later, after Mr. Earnshaw dies. He becomes master of Wuthering Heights, and forces Heathcliff to become a servant instead of a member of the family.Several months after Hindley's return, Heathcliff and Catherine travel to Thrushcross Grange to spy on the Linton family. However, they are spotted and try to escape. Catherine, having been caught by a dog, is brought inside the Grange to have injuries tended to while Heathcliff is sent home. Catherine eventually returns to Wuthering Heights as a changed woman, looking and acting as a lady. She laughs at Heathcliff's unkempt appearance. When the Lintons visit the next day, Heathcliff dresses up to impress her. It fails when Edgar, one of the Linton children, argues with him. Heathcliff is locked in the attic, where Catherine later tries to comfort him. He swears vengeance on Hindley.In the summer of the next year, Frances gives birth to a son, Hareton, but she diesbefore the year is out. This leads Hindley to descend into a life of drunkenness and waste.Two years pass and Catherine has become close friends with Edgar, growing more distant from Heathcliff. One day in August, while Hindley is absent, Edgar comes to visit Catherine. She has an argument with Nelly, which then spreads to Edgar who tries to leave. Catherine stops him and, before long, they declare themselves lovers.Later, Catherine talks with Nelly, explaining that Edgar had asked her to marry him and she had accepted. She says that she does not really love Edgar but Heathcliff. Unfortunately she could never marry Heathcliff because of his lack of status and education. She therefore plans to marry Edgar and use that position to help raise Heathcliff's standing. Unfortunately, Heathcliff had overheard the first part about not being able to marry him and runs away, disappearing without a trace. After three years, Edgar and Catherine are married.Six months after the marriage, Heathcliff returns as a gentleman, having grown stronger and richer during his absence. Catherine is delighted to see him although Edgar is not so keen. Edgar's sister, Isabella, now eighteen, falls in love with Heathcliff, seeing him as a romantic hero. He despises her but encourages the infatuation, seeing it as a chance for revenge on Edgar. When he embraces Isabella one day at the Grange, there is an argument with Edgar which causes Catherine to lock herself in her room and fall ill.Heathcliff has been staying at the Heights, gambling with Hindley and teaching Hareton bad habits. Hindley is gradually losing his wealth, mortgaging the farmhouse to Heathcliff to repay his debts.While Catherine is ill, Heathcliff elopes with Isabella. The fugitives marry and return two months later to Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff hears that Catherine is ill and arranges with Nelly to visit her in secret. In the early hours of the day after their meeting, Catherine gives birth to her daughter, Cathy, and then dies.The day after Catherine's funeral, Isabella flees Heathcliff and escapes to the south of England where she eventually gives birth to Linton, Heathcliff's son. Hindley dies six months after Catherine. Heathcliff finds himself the master of Wuthering Heights and the guardian of Hareton.The Maturity of Heathcliff (chapters 18 to 31)Twelve years later, Cathy has grown into a beautiful, high-spirited girl who has rarely passed outside the borders of the Grange. Edgar hears that Isabella is dying and leaves to pick up her son with the intention of adopting him. While he is gone, Cathy meets Hareton on the moors and learns of her cousin's and Wuthering Heights'existence.Edgar returns with Linton who is a weak and sickly boy. Although Cathy is attracted to him, Heathcliff wants his son with him and insists on having him taken to the Heights.Three years later, Nelly and Cathy are on the moors when they meet Heathcliff who takes them to Wuthering Heights to see Linton and Hareton. He has plans for Linton and Cathy to marry so that he will inherit Thrushcross Grange. Cathy and Linton begin a secret friendship.In August of the next year, while Edgar is very ill, Nelly and Cathy visit Wuthering Heights and are held captive by Heathcliff who wants to marry his son to Cathy and, at the same time, prevent her from returning to her father before he dies. After five days, Nelly is released and Cathy escapes with Linton's help just in time to see her father before he dies.With Heathcliff now the master of both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, Cathy has no choice but to leave Nelly and to go and live with Heathcliff and Hareton. Linton dies soon afterwards and, although Hareton tries to be kind to her, she retreats into herself. This is the point of the story at which Lockwood arrives.After being ill with a cold for some time, Lockwood decides that he has had enough of the moors and travels to Wuthering Heights to inform Heathcliff that he is returning to the south.Ending (chapters 32 to 34)In September, eight months after leaving, Lockwood finds himself back in the area and decides to stay at Thrushcross Grange (since his tenancy is still valid until October). He finds that Nelly is now living at Wuthering Heights. He makes his way there and she fills in the rest of the story.Nelly had moved to the Heights soon after Lockwood left to replace the housekeeper who had departed. In March, Hareton had an accident and has been confined to the farmhouse. During this time, a friendship developed between Cathy and Hareton. This continued into April when Heathcliff begins to act very strangely, seeing visions of Catherine. After not eating for four days, he is found dead in Catherine's room. He is buried next to Catherine.Lockwood departs but, before he leaves, he hears that Hareton and Cathy plan to marry on New Year's Day. Lockwood passes the graves of Catherine, Edgar and Heathcliff, pausing to contemplate the peaceful quiet of the moors.。
