专业用语中英文对照

abaxial 【光】离中心光轴ABBE number 雅比数值，即相对色散倒数aberration change 析光差变化﹝因设计及应用光圈产生之光差变化﹞aberrations 【光】析光差abrasion marks ﹝底片﹞花痕abrasive reducer 局部减薄剂absolute temperature 绝对温度absorption 吸收性能absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption filter = frequency filter色谱滤片AC = alternating current交流电AC coupler 交流电耦合器accelerator 促进剂accessories 配件accessory shoe 配件插座accumulator 储电器acetate base 醋酸片基acetate film 醋酸质胶片或菲林acetate filter 醋酸质滤光片acetic acid 【化】醋酸﹝用于停影、定影、漂白及过调药﹞，亦乙酸acetic acid, glacial 【化】冰醋酸﹝即结晶如冰状的醋酸，用于急制及定影药﹞acetone 【化】丙酮﹝有机溶剂，配用于不溶于水的化学物﹞achromat = achromatic lens消色差镜头achromatic 【光】消色差的achromatic lens 消色差镜头acid 【化】酸acid fixer 酸性定影药acid rinse 酸漂acoustic 音响学，音响学的actinic 光化的，由光产生的化学变化action grip 快速手柄Action Photography 动态摄影acutance 明锐度，常指底片结像adapter 转接器adapter cable 转接导线adapter ring 转接环additive color printing method 加色法彩色放相技巧﹝参阅附表﹞additive synthesis 【光】原色混合﹝原色包括红、绿、蓝色，三色相加产生白色，红绿产生黄色，红蓝产生洋红，绿蓝产生青靛色﹞adhesive tape 胶纸advance lever advance leveraerial camera 空中摄影机，或称遥感摄影机aerial film 空中摄影菲林，或称遥感摄影菲林aerial image 空间凝象﹝指凝聚在焦点平面位置的影像﹞aerial oxidation 氧化﹝指与空气接触的氧化﹞aerial perspective 透视感﹝由气层产生远物模糊的透视现像﹞Aerial Photography 空中摄影，或称遥感摄影aerial survey lens 空中测量镜头，应用于在空中测量地面，取景角度达120度，光圈多数固定于f5.6 afocal lens 改焦镜头ageing 成熟过程1. 使感光物体成熟的过程2. 光学玻璃性能变为稳定所需的过程agitate 搅动agitation 搅动过程air brush 喷笔，执底或执相之用air lens 空气镜片﹝指镜片与镜片之空间，其作用如镜片﹞aircraft camera 航空摄影机album 相簿albumen 蛋白albumen pager 蛋白相纸，以蛋白作为乳化剂的相纸albumen print 蛋白相片，以蛋白相纸放成的作品albumin 蛋白质alcohol 酒精alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alkali 【化】碱alkali earth 【化】碱土﹝例如钡barium，钙calcium﹞alkali metal 【化】碱金属﹝例如锂lithium，钠sodium﹞Alpine Photography 山景摄影alternating current 交流电amateur 业余amateur photographer 业余摄影师amber 琥珀色Ambrotype 火棉胶正摄影法﹝参阅附表﹞American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准学会，ANSI是感光度单位之一American Standards Association 1. 美国标准协会2. ASA是感光度单位之一amidol 【化】二氨基酚，苯系化合物，俗称克美力，显影剂之一ammonium bichromate 【化】重铬酸铵，感光剂之一ammonium bifluoride 【化】氟化氢铵，用于使感光膜脱离玻璃片基ammonium carbonate 【化】碳酸铵，用于暖调显影药ammonium choloride 【化】氯化铵，用于漂白，过调药及感光剂ammonium persulphate 【化】过硫酸铵，显影剂之一ammonium sulphocyanate 【化】= ammonium thiocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药ammonium thiocyanate 【化】= ammonium sulphocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药Amphitype 正负双性相片amplifier 扩大器anamorphic process 变形拍摄方法anamorphotic lens 变形镜头，可将影像高度或阔度压缩或扩展anastigmat 消像散的anastigmat lens 消像散镜头angle coverage ﹝镜头﹞取景角度angle finder 量角器angle of gaze 凝视角﹝人类视角通常是120度，当集中注意力时约为五分之一，即25度﹞angle of incidence 【光】入射角angle of lens 镜头涵角angle of reflection 【光】反射角angle of refraction 【光】折射角angle of shooting 拍摄角度angle of view 观景角度Angstrom 〈埃〉长度单位=10-10公尺anhydrous 无水的animation 动画Animation Photography 动画摄影animation stand 动画台annealing 【光】热炼﹝制玻璃﹞法﹝这个方法是把玻璃在350至600度的电焗炉焗很长的时间，可减低制镜是时产生的扭曲﹞ANSI 1. American National Standard Institute﹝美国国家标准学会﹞2. 美国国家标准学会订出的感光度单位之一anti-fogging agent 防雾化剂anti-halation backing 防晕光底层anti-reflection coating 防反光膜anti-static wetting agent 消静电湿润剂anti-vignetting filter 消除黑角滤片aperture 光圈aperture display 光圈显示aperture needle 圈指针aperture ring 光圈环aperture scale 光圈刻度apochromatic 【光】复消色差Applied Photography 应用摄影arabic gum 阿拉伯树胶arc lamp 弧光灯Architectural Photography 建筑摄影area masking 局部加网area metering 区域测光artificial light 人造光源ASA 1. American Standards Association﹝美国标准协会﹞2. 感光度单位之一ASA setting device 感光度调校器asphalt 沥青aspherical lens 非球面镜头astigmatism 【光】像散，结像松散现像Astrophotography 天文摄影attachment 附加器audio 听觉性audio visual 视听auto = automatic自动的简称automatic 自动化automatic loading loading> 自动上片automatic bellows 自动近摄皮腔，自动回校光圈的近摄皮腔automatic camera 自动化相机automatic extension tube 自动延长管，自动回校光圈的延长管automatic flash 自动闪灯automatic focusing 自动对焦automatic rewinding 自动回卷automatic shooting range 自动拍摄范围automatic tray siphon 自动虹吸器，用于冲盆automatic winding 自动卷片auxiliary lens 附加镜头available light 现场光average gradient 平均倾斜率，平均梯度average metering 平均测光axial 【光】光轴back focal distance 【光】后焦距﹝指镜头与菲林间的距离﹞back projection 后方投影background 背景backlighting 背光bag bellow 袋型皮腔bar chart 棒形测试图bar static 线形静电纹﹝因拉开过度卷紧菲林时产生的现象﹞barn doors 遮光掩门barrel distortion 【光】桶形变形﹝影像四边线条呈外弯线变形﹞bas-relief 浮雕，黑房特技之一base 片基batch number 分批编号battery 电池battery charger 电池充电器battery charger 电池充电器battery pack 电池箱bayonet mount 刀环，镜头接环之一BCPS =beam candlepower second光束烛光秒bead static 珠形静电纹，亦称pearl static，在冲洗未完成前，用手拉擦过而产生的现象beam splitter 分光器bellows 皮腔bellows extension 皮腔延长度，多指近摄benzene 【化】苯benzotriazole 【化】苯并三唑﹝用于防雾化剂﹞between-the-lens-shutter 镜间快门bi-convex 【光】双凸镜片bi-prism 双棱镜bi-prism focusing 双棱镜对焦bichromated albumen process 重铬酸盐蛋白蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞binocular vision 视觉三维效果birefringence =double refraction双重折射，因镜片结构缺点产生重复折射现象bitumen 沥青bitumen grain process 沥青微粒蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞Black & White Photography 黑白摄影black filter 透紫外光滤片，只让紫外光透过的滤片black light 紫外光灯的俗称black opaqueopague 黑丹，修饰底片颜料bladed shutter 片闸式快门blank 【光】粗模，制镜过程中，经rough shaping粗铸而成的镜片=dummy filter空白滤光片，作为对焦等操作的预备，使应用滤镜拍摄时不会产生误差bleach 漂白药bleach-fix 漂定bleach-out process 漂移方法﹝参阅附录﹞bleaching 漂白bleeding 无边﹝相片﹞blimp 1. 闪烁2.保温隔音机套blocking 【光】粗磨，制造镜头过程之一，使blank粗模﹝镜片﹞磨成Blocking out 遮挡blotch static 雀斑形静电纹，亦称moisture static，因在湿度高的环境下回卷菲林而产生的现象。

一、综合词汇1、印制电路：printed circuit2、印制线路：printed wiring3、印制板：printed board4、印制板电路：printed circuit board (pcb)5、印制线路板：printed wiring board(pwb)6、印制元件：printed component7、印制接点：printed contact8、印制板装配：printed board assembly9、板：board10、单面印制板：single-sided printed board(ssb)11、双面印制板：double-sided printed board(dsb)12、多层印制板：mulitlay er printed board(mlb)13、多层印制电路板：mulitlay er printed circuit board14、多层印制线路板：mulitlay er prited wiring board15、刚性印制板：rigid printed board16、刚性单面印制板：rigid single-sided printed borad17、刚性双面印制板：rigid double-sided printed borad18、刚性多层印制板：rigid multilay er printed board19、挠性多层印制板：flexible multilay er printed board20、挠性印制板：flexible printed board21、挠性单面印制板：flexible single-sided printed board22、挠性双面印制板：flexible double-sided printed board23、挠性印制电路：flexible printed circuit (fpc)24、挠性印制线路：flexible printed wiring25、刚性印制板：flex-rigid printed board, rigid-flex printed board26、刚性双面印制板：flex-rigid double-sided printed board, rigid-flex double-sided printed27、刚性多层印制板：flex-rigid multilay er printed board, rigid-flex multilay er printed board28、齐平印制板：flush printed board29、金属芯印制板：metal core printed board30、金属基印制板：metal base printed board31、多重布线印制板：mulit-wiring printed board32、陶瓷印制板：ceramic substrate printed board33、导电胶印制板：electroconductive paste printed board34、模塑电路板：molded circuit board35、模压印制板：stamped printed wiring board36、顺序层压多层印制板：sequentially-laminated mulitlay er37、散线印制板：discrete wiring board38、微线印制板：micro wire board39、积层印制板：buile-up printed board40、积层多层印制板：build-up mulitlay er printed board (bum)41、积层挠印制板：build-up flexible printed board42、表面层合电路板：surface laminar circuit (slc)43、埋入凸块连印制板：b2it printed board44、多层膜基板：multi-lay ered film substrate(mfs)45、层间全内导通多层印制板：alivh multilay er printed board46、载芯片板：chip on board (cob)47、埋电阻板：buried resistance board48、母板：mother board49、子板：daughter board50、背板：backplane51、裸板：bare board52、键盘板夹心板：copper-invar-copper board53、动态挠性板：dynamic flex board54、静态挠性板：static flex board55、可断拼板：break-away planel56、电缆：cable57、挠性扁平电缆：flexible flat cable (ffc)58、薄膜开关：membrane switch59、混合电路：hybrid circuit60、厚膜：thick film61、厚膜电路：thick film circuit62、薄膜：thin film63、薄膜混合电路：thin film hybrid circuit64、互连：interconnection65、导线：conductor trace line66、齐平导线：flush conductor67、传输线：transmission line68、跨交：crossover69、板边插头：edge-board contact70、增强板：stiffener71、基底：substrate72、基板面：real estate73、导线面：conductor side74、元件面：component side75、焊接面：solder side76、印制：printing77、网格：grid78、图形：pattern79、导电图形：conductive pattern80、非导电图形：non-conductive pattern81、字符：legend82、标志：mark二、基材：1、基材：base material2、层压板：laminate3、覆金属箔基材：metal-clad bade material4、覆铜箔层压板：copper-clad laminate (ccl)5、单面覆铜箔层压板：single-sided copper-clad laminate6、双面覆铜箔层压板：double-sided copper-clad laminate7、复合层压板：composite laminate8、薄层压板：thin laminate9、金属芯覆铜箔层压板：metal core copper-clad laminate10、金属基覆铜层压板：metal base copper-clad laminate11、挠性覆铜箔绝缘薄膜：flexible copper-clad dielectric film12、基体材料：basis material13、预浸材料：prepreg14、粘结片：bonding sheet15、预浸粘结片：preimpregnated bonding sheer16、环氧玻璃基板：epoxy glass substrate17、加成法用层压板：laminate for additive process18、预制内层覆箔板：mass lamination panel19、内层芯板：core material20、催化板材：cataly zed board ,coated cataly zed laminate21、涂胶催化层压板：adhesive-coated catalyzed laminate22、涂胶无催层压板：adhesive-coated uncataly zed laminate23、粘结层：bonding lay er24、粘结膜：film adhesive25、涂胶粘剂绝缘薄膜：adhesive coated dielectric film26、无支撑胶粘剂膜：unsupported adhesive film27、覆盖层：cover lay er (cover lay)28、增强板材：stiffener material29、铜箔面：copper-clad surface30、去铜箔面：foil removal surface31、层压板面：unclad laminate surface32、基膜面：base film surface33、胶粘剂面：adhesive faec34、原始光洁面：plate finish35、粗面：matt finish36、纵向：length wise direction37、模向：cross wise direction38、剪切板：cut to size panel39、酚醛纸质覆铜箔板：phenolic cellulose paper copper-clad laminates(phenolic/paper ccl)40、环氧纸质覆铜箔板：epoxide cellulose paper copper-clad laminates (epoxy/paper ccl)41、环氧玻璃布基覆铜箔板：epoxide woven glass fabric copper-clad laminates42、环氧玻璃布纸复合覆铜箔板：epoxide cellulose paper core, glass cloth surfaces copper-clad laminates43、环氧玻璃布玻璃纤维复合覆铜箔板：epoxide non woven/woven glass reinforced copper-clad laminates44、聚酯玻璃布覆铜箔板：ploy ester woven glass fabric copper-clad laminates45、聚酰亚胺玻璃布覆铜箔板：poly imide woven glass fabric copper-clad laminates46、双马来酰亚胺三嗪环氧玻璃布覆铜箔板：bismaleimide/triazine/epoxide woven glass fabric copper-clad lamimates47、环氧合成纤维布覆铜箔板：epoxide synthetic fiber fabric copper-clad laminates48、聚四乙烯玻璃纤维覆铜箔板：teflon/fiber glass copper-clad laminates49、超薄型层压板：ultra thin laminate50、陶瓷基覆铜箔板：ceramics base copper-clad laminates51、紫外线阻挡型覆铜箔板：uv blocking copper-clad laminates三、基材的材料1、a阶树脂：a-stage resin2、b阶树脂：b-stage resin3、c阶树脂：c-stage resin4、环氧树脂：epoxy resin5、酚醛树脂：phenolic resin6、聚酯树脂：poly ester resin7、聚酰亚胺树脂：poly imide resin8、双马来酰亚胺三嗪树脂：bismaleimide-triazine resin9、丙烯酸树脂：acry lic resin10、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂：melamine formaldehyde resin11、多官能环氧树脂：polyfunctional epoxy resin12、溴化环氧树脂：brominated epoxy resin13、环氧酚醛：epoxy novolac14、氟树脂：fluroresin15、硅树脂：silicone resin16、硅烷：silane17、聚合物：polymer18、无定形聚合物：amorphous polymer19、结晶现象：crystalline polamer20、双晶现象：dimorphism21、共聚物：copolymer22、合成树脂：sy nthetic23、热固性树脂：thermosetting resin24、热塑性树脂：thermoplastic resin25、感光性树脂：photosensitive resin26、环氧当量：weight per epoxy equivalent (wpe)27、环氧值：epoxy value28、双氰胺：dicy andiamide29、粘结剂：binder30、胶粘剂：adesive31、固化剂：curing agent32、阻燃剂：flame retardant33、遮光剂：opaquer34、增塑剂：plasticizers35、不饱和聚酯：unsatuiated poly ester36、聚酯薄膜：poly ester37、聚酰亚胺薄膜：poly imide film (pi)38、聚四氟乙烯：polytetrafluoety lene (ptfe)39、聚全氟乙烯丙烯薄膜：perfluorinated ethy lene-propylene copolymer film (fep)40、增强材料：reinforcing material41、玻璃纤维：glass fiber42、e玻璃纤维：e-glass fibre43、d玻璃纤维：d-glass fibre44、s玻璃纤维：s-glass fibre45、玻璃布：glass fabric46、非织布：non-woven fabric47、玻璃纤维垫：glass mats48、纱线：yarn49、单丝：filament50、绞股：strand51、纬纱：weft y arn52、经纱：warp y arn53、但尼尔：denier54、经向：warp-wise55、纬向：weft-wise, filling-wise56、织物经纬密度：thread count57、织物组织：weave structure58、平纹组织：plain structure59、坏布：grey fabric60、稀松织物：woven scrim61、弓纬：bow of weave62、断经：end missing63、缺纬：mis-picks64、纬斜：bias65、折痕：crease66、云织：waviness67、鱼眼：fish ey e68、毛圈长：feather length69、厚薄段：mark70、裂缝：split71、捻度：twist of y arn72、浸润剂含量：size content73、浸润剂残留量：size residue74、处理剂含量：finish level75、浸润剂：size76、偶联剂：couplint agent77、处理织物：finished fabric78、聚酰胺纤维：poly armide fiber79、聚酯纤维非织布：non-woven poly ester fabric80、浸渍绝缘纵纸：impregnating insulation paper81、聚芳酰胺纤维纸：aromatic poly amide paper82、断裂长：breaking length83、吸水高度：height of capillary rise84、湿强度保留率：wet strength retention85、白度：whitenness86、陶瓷：ceramics87、导电箔：conductive foil88、铜箔：copper foil89、电解铜箔：electrodeposited copper foil (ed copper foil)90、压延铜箔：rolled copper foil91、退火铜箔：annealed copper foil92、压延退火铜箔：rolled annealed copper foil (ra copper foil)93、薄铜箔：thin copper foil94、涂胶铜箔：adhesive coated foil95、涂胶脂铜箔：resin coated copper foil (rcc)96、复合金属箔：composite metallic material97、载体箔：carrier foil98、殷瓦：invar99、箔（剖面）轮廓：foil profile100、光面：shiny side101、粗糙面：matte side102、处理面：treated side103、防锈处理：stain proofing104、双面处理铜箔：double treated foil四、设计1、原理图：shematic diagram2、逻辑图：logic diagram3、印制线路布设：printed wire lay out4、布设总图：master drawing5、可制造性设计：design-for-manufacturability6、计算机辅助设计：computer-aided design.(cad)7、计算机辅助制造：computer-aided manufacturing.(cam)8、计算机集成制造：computer integrat manufacturing.(cim)9、计算机辅助工程：computer-aided engineering.(cae)10、计算机辅助测试：computer-aided test.(cat)11、电子设计自动化：electric design automation .(eda)12、工程设计自动化：engineering design automaton .(eda2)13、组装设计自动化：assembly aided architectural design. (aaad)14、计算机辅助制图：computer aided drawing15、计算机控制显示：computer controlled display .(ccd)16、布局：placement17、布线：routing18、布图设计：lay out19、重布：rerouting20、模拟：simulation21、逻辑模拟：logic simulation22、电路模拟：circit simulation23、时序模拟：timing simulation24、模块化：modularization25、布线完成率：lay out effeciency26、机器描述格式：machine descriptionm format .(mdf)27、机器描述格式数据库：mdf databse28、设计数据库：design database29、设计原点：design origin30、优化（设计）：optimization (design)31、供设计优化坐标轴：predominant axis32、表格原点：table origin33、镜像：mirroring34、驱动文件：drive file35、中间文件：intermediate file36、制造文件：manufacturing documentation37、队列支撑数据库：queue support database38、元件安置：component positioning39、图形显示：graphics dispaly40、比例因子：scaling factor41、扫描填充：scan filling42、矩形填充：rectangle filling43、填充域：region filling44、实体设计：phy sical design45、逻辑设计：logic design46、逻辑电路：logic circuit47、层次设计：hierarchical design48、自顶向下设计：top-down design49、自底向上设计：bottom-up design50、线网：net51、数字化：digitzing52、设计规则检查：design rule checking53、走（布）线器：router (cad)54、网络表：net list55、计算机辅助电路分析：computer-aided circuit analysis56、子线网：subnet57、目标函数：objective function58、设计后处理：post design processing (pdp)59、交互式制图设计：interactive drawing design60、费用矩阵：cost metrix61、工程图：engineering drawing62、方块框图：block diagram63、迷宫：moze64、元件密度：component density65、巡回售货员问题：traveling salesman problem66、自由度：degrees freedom67、入度：out going degree68、出度：incoming degree69、曼哈顿距离：manhatton distance70、欧几里德距离：euclidean distance71、网络：network72、阵列：array73、段：segment74、逻辑：logic75、逻辑设计自动化：logic design automation76、分线：separated time77、分层：separated lay er78、定顺序：definite sequence五、形状与尺寸：1、导线（通道）：conduction (track)2、导线（体）宽度：conductor width3、导线距离：conductor spacing4、导线层：conductor lay er5、导线宽度/间距：conductor line/space6、第一导线层：conductor lay er no.17、圆形盘：round pad8、方形盘：square pad9、菱形盘：diamond pad10、长方形焊盘：oblong pad11、子弹形盘：bullet pad12、泪滴盘：teardrop pad13、雪人盘：snowman pad14、v形盘：v-shaped pad15、环形盘：annular pad16、非圆形盘：non-circular pad17、隔离盘：isolation pad18、非功能连接盘：monfunctional pad19、偏置连接盘：offset land20、腹（背）裸盘：back-bard land21、盘址：anchoring spaur22、连接盘图形：land pattern23、连接盘网格阵列：land grid array24、孔环：annular ring25、元件孔：component hole26、安装孔：mounting hole27、支撑孔：supported hole28、非支撑孔：unsupported hole29、导通孔：via30、镀通孔：plated through hole (pth)31、余隙孔：access hole32、盲孔：blind via (hole)33、埋孔：buried via hole34、埋/盲孔：buried /blind via35、任意层内部导通孔：any lay er inner via hole (alivh)36、全部钻孔：all drilled hole37、定位孔：toaling hole38、无连接盘孔：landless hole39、中间孔：interstitial hole40、无连接盘导通孔：landless via hole41、引导孔：pilot hole42、端接全隙孔：terminal clearomee hole43、准表面间镀覆孔：quasi-interfacing plated-through hole44、准尺寸孔：dimensioned hole45、在连接盘中导通孔：via-in-pad46、孔位：hole location47、孔密度：hole density48、孔图：hole pattern49、钻孔图：drill drawing50、装配图：assembly drawing51、印制板组装图：printed board assembly drawing52、参考基准：datum referance。

组装、冲压(stamping)、喷漆(painting)、成型（mold）等专业词汇Layout布置图Assembly line组装线Conveyer流水线物料板Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子spare parts=buffer备品OOBA开箱检查pallet栈板carton纸箱lbs.inch镑、英寸bezel panel面板chassis |'∫æsi| 基座fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) ram连杆sub-line支线barcode条形码barcode scanner条形码扫描仪operator作业员epair修理cutedges=side cut=side scrap切边Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS电源电压接柆键resistance电阻Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理EMI gasket导电条power button电源按键reset button重置键work cell工作间cleaning cloth（rag）抹布trolley台车left fork叉车sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts塑料件检查cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝钉be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油excessive defects过多的缺陷critical defect极严重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小) reverse angle = chamfer倒角augular offset角度偏差final inspection终检to connect material接料deficient purchase来料不良defective product label不良标签bolt螺栓spring 弹簧manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良stamping-missing漏冲defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良bending折弯cosmetic defect外观不良rust生锈speckle斑点filings 铁削slippery screw head螺丝滑头mildewed=moldy=mouldy发霉deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边to file burr 锉毛刺excesssive gap间隙过大oxidation 氧化scratch划伤dents压痕abrasion 磨损grease/oil stains油污painting peel off脏污shrinking/shrinkage缩水inclusion杂质mixed color杂色painting make-up补漆discoloration变色lack of painting烤漆不到位water spots水渍concave凸convex凹blinster气泡nick缺口shine亮班delamination起鳞satin texture段面咬花gouge沟槽;凿槽poor incoming part事件不良fold of pakaging belt打包带折皱disposed products处理品polishing/surface processing表面处理exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露abnormal handling异常处理to pull, to stretch拉伸Line streching, line pulling线拉伸waste materials废料to stock, storage, in stock库存scraped |'skræpid|报废casing=containerazation装箱feeding is not in place送料不到位liaison联络单good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品to return delivenry to. to send delinery back to retrn of goods退货sample样品description品名revision版次part number/P/N料号raw materials原料cause analysis原因分析easily damaged parts易损件finished product成品semi-finished product半成品consume, consumption消耗packing materials包材warehouse/hub仓库baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板capability能力parameter参数factor系数volatile挥发性demand and supply需求registration登记statistics统计education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善failure, trouble故障application form for purchase请购单to collect, to gather收集engraving, to engrave刻印file folder资料夹meeting minutes会议记录to put file in order整理资料material statistics sheet 物料统计明细表material check list物料检查表distribution department分发单位location地点radius半径engineering工程equipment设备enterprise plan = enterprise expansion projects企划5S: classification整理regulation整顿cleanness清扫conservation清洁culture教养feeder送料机taker取料机sliding rack滑料架die change 换模to fix a die装模to take apart a die拆模to repair a die修模packing material包材plastic basket胶筐basket蝴蝶竺isolating plate baffle plate; barricade隔板to pull and stretch拉深to impose lines压线to put material in place, to cut material, to input落料to compress, compressing压缩character die字模to feed, feeding送料transportation运输feature change 特性变更evaluation评估material change, stock change材料变更prepare for 准备parameters参数rotating speed, revolution转速production unit生产单位lots of production生产批量manufacture management制造管理steel plate钢板roll material卷料automation自动化manufacture procedure制程operation procedure作业流程to stake, staking, reviting铆合add lubricating oil加润滑油冲压常词汇stamping, press冲压punch press, dieing out press冲床uncoiler & strainghtener整平机rack, shelf, stack料架cylinder油缸robot机械手conveyer belt输送带transmission rack输送架to continue, cont.连动to grip(material)吸料location lump, block stop 定位块smoothly顺利approval examine and verify审核processing, to process加工delivery, to deliver 交货summary of year-end physical inventory bills 年终盘点截止单据汇总表bill name单据名称Application status records of year-end physical inventory List and physical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用状况明细表blank and waste sheet NO. 空白与作废单号magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金alloy合金drill铝boring镗fillet镶;嵌边production tempo生产进度现状beacon警示灯职务：position职务president董事长special assistant manager特助general manager总经理deputy manager |'depjuti| 副理factory director厂长assistant manager助理supervisor 课长deputy section supervisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长personnel resource department 人力资源部ME制造工程师MT制造技术administration/general affairs dept总务部common equipment常用设备punching machine 冲床hydraulic machine油压机electrical sparkle电火花linear cutting线切割miller铣床grinder磨床driller钻床welder电焊机thumb大拇指forefinger食指midfinger中指ring finger无名指little finger小指gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器screwdriver holder起子插座stopper阻挡器lamp holder灯架glove(s)手套band-aid创可贴iudustrial alcohol 工业酒精vaccum cleaner吸尘器magnetizer加磁器packaging tool打包机。

专业用语货运(1)FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人(2)FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货(3)FOB (Free on Board) 装运港船上交货(4)CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费(5)CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费(6)CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至目的地(7)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费、保险费付至目的地(8)DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货(9)DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货(10)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货(11)DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货(12)DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货主要船务术语简写：(1)ORC (Origen Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用（广东省收取）(2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头操作费（香港收取）(3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费(4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费(5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费(6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费(7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费(8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费(9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费(10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费(11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费(12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运单据(15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书（Sales Contract) 销售合同(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书(19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费(22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱（货柜）堆场(23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货(24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱货（散货）(25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位（用来计算货柜量的多少）(27)A/W (All Water)全水路（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 无船承运人货运用语中英文对照货物 goods | | freight | | cargo运输 transportation | | transit | | conveyance运送 to transport | | to carry | | to convey运输业 transportation business | | forwarding business | | carrying trade运输代理人 a forwarding agent承运人 a freight agent | | a carrier船务代理人 a shipping agent陆上运输 transportation by land海上运输 transportation by sea货物运输 goods traffic | | freight traffic | | carriage of freights | | carriage of goods货轮 cargo boat | | freighter | | cargo steamer | | cargo carrier 火车 goods-train | | freight-train卡车 goods-van | | goods wagon | | freight car | | truck货运办公室 goods-office | | freight-department运费率 freight | | freight rates | | goods rate运费 carriage charges | | shipping expenses | | express charges 车费 cartage | | portage运费预付 carriage prepaid | | carriage paid运费到付 carriage forward | | freight collect运费免除||免费 carriage free协定运费 conference freight | | freight rate运费清单 freight account托运单 way-bill | | invoice运送契约 contract for carriage装运 shipment | | loading装上货轮 to ship | | to load | | to take on a ship 装运费 shipping charges | | shipping commission装运单||载货单 shipping invoice装运单据 shipping documents大副收据 mate's receipt装船单 shipping order提货单 delivery order装船通知 shipping advice包裹收据 parcel receipt准装货单 shipping permit租船契约 charter party租船人 charterer程租船||航次租赁 voyage charter期租船 time charter允许装卸时间 lay days | | laying days工作日 working days连续天数 running days | | consecutive days 滞期费 demurrage滞期日数 demurrage days速遣费 despatch money空舱费 dead freight退关 short shipment | | goods short shipped | | goods shut out | | shut-outs赔偿保证书(信托收据) letter of indemnity | | trust receipt装载 loading卸货 unloading | | discharging | | landing装运重量 shipping weight | | in-take-weight卸货重量 landing weight压舱 ballasting压舱货 in ballast舱单 manifest船泊登记证书 ship's certificate of registry航海日记 ship's log船员名册 muster-roll(船员，乘客)健康证明 bill of health光票 clean bill不清洁提单 foul bill有疑问提单 suspected bill添加评论#####常用短语Words and PhrasesInspection Certificate 检验证明Inspection Certificate of Quality 质量检验证书Inspection Certificate of Quantity 数量检验证书surveyor 检验行，公证行Additional Words and PhrasesInspection Certificate of Weight 重量检验证书Inspection Certificate of Origin 产地检验证书Inspection Certificate of value 价值检验证书Inspection Certificate of Health 健康检验证书Sanitary Inspection Certificate 卫生检验证书Veterinary Inspection Certificate 兽医检验证书inspection of packing 包装检验inspection of loading 监装检验inspection of material 材料检验inspection of risk 被保险物价的检查inspection of storage 监装inspection of voucher 凭证检验inception of carriage 货车检查inspection of document 单证检查inspection of fixed asset 固定资产检查inspection of incoming merchandise 到货验收Inspection Certificate on Damaged cargo 验残检验证书Inspection Certificate on Tank 验船证书Certificate of Measurement & Weight 货载衡量证书Authentic Surveyor 公证签定人inspection on cleanliness 清洁检验inspection on cleanliness of dry cargo hold 干货舱清洁检验inspection on cleanliness of tank 油舱清洁检验inspection and acceptance 验收inspection before delivery 交货前检验inspection after construction 施工后检验inspection during construction 在建工程检验inspection between process 工序间检验inspection report 检验报告inspection tag 检查标签Inspectorate General of Customs 海关稽查总局inspection and certificate fee 检验签证费to issue(a certificate) 发...（证明）Sworn Measurer 宣誓衡量人Underwriters Laboratory 保险商实验室Loyd's Surveyor 英国劳氏公证行abandonment charge 背弃费用absolute par of exchange 绝对外汇平价abritrage rate 套汇汇率above par 超过票面价值acceptance commission 承兑手续费acceptance fee 认付费acceptance for honor 参加承兑acceptance house 期票承兑行acceptor for honor 参加承兑人accepting bank 承兑银行accepting charge 承兑费accident beyond control 非人为事故account payable 应收帐，应付未付帐account purchase 赊买account receivable 应收帐款，应收未收帐account sales 销货帐，销货清单account of goods sold 销货帐目account of receipts and payments 收支帐目account year 会计年度accounting statement 会计报表accounting unit 会计单位accrued expense 应计费用accrued item 应计项目accumulation of capital 资本积累acknowledgement 回单acknowledgement of orders 订单确认act of God 天灾acting manager 代理经理active demand 畅销actual cost 实际成本actual liabilities 实际负债actual price 实际价additional expense 追加费用additional order 追加订货additional premium 追加保费adjustment of exchange rate 调整汇价advalorem duty 从价税advance in price 涨价advance payment 预付款advance price 增价advance sample 预样advance settlement of exchange 预交外汇advance surrender of export exchange 预交出口外汇advice of arrival 到货通知advice of charge 付款通知书advice of shipment 货运通知advice of drawing 支票通知书advising bank (notifying bank) 通知银行advertisement matter 广告邮件advertising agency 广告社、广告代理advertising expense 广告费advertising media 广告媒体affiliated company 附属公司，联盟公司after charge 附加费率after date 日后，发票后after sight 见票后照付affidavit of export 出口宣誓书A grade 甲级（货品）against all risks 保全险agency agreement 代理协议agency contract 代理契约agent service 代理服务agreed upon 同意，商定agricultural products 农产品air-borne goods 空运货物air freight 航空运费air mail 航空邮件air-mail service 航空运寄air transportation insurance 空运保险all risk 全险all round price 包括一切费用价格all sorts of goods in stock 各种货物齐备allied company 联营公司alongside delivery 船边交货allowance on sales 销货折口alter an agreement 变约amicable allowance 友好让价amicable settlement 友好解决amount insured 保险金额amount of exports 输出额amount of imports 输入额analysis certificate 化验证书analysis report 化验报告announcing removal 迁移通知annual income 年收入annual interest 年息，年利annual production 年产量annual report 年报，决算书，年度财务报告anticipated buying 预期购买applicant for the credit 信用证申请人application fee 申请费application for conversion 折换申请书application for export permit 出口许可证申请书application for import of foreign goods 外货进口报单application for importation of controlled commodities 管制货物进口申请书application for letter of credit 开发信用证申请书application for negotiation of draft under letter of credit 出口押汇申请书application for outward remittance for application for space 舱位申请书application to pass goods through the custom 报关单apply by letter 通信申请apply in person 亲自申请apply for a position 申请职位apply for information 探询消息apply for remittance 托汇appointed store 指定商店appreciation of money 货币增值arbitrage of exchange 套汇arbitration clause 仲裁条款arbitration of exchange 汇兑率裁定army supplies 军需品arrival at port 入港arrival notice 到达通知articles made to order 订制品articles of luxury 奢侈品artificial flower 人造花as agreed (contracted) 按照合同as per sample 与样品相同Asian-dollar market 亚洲美元市场ask the price of 询价assignment clause 转让条款assignment of policy 保险单转让assistant manager 协理，副经理as soon as possible shipment 立即送运at a discount 折扣at a premium 超过票面之价值at a profit 获利，赚钱at sight 见票即付，即期at the market 照市价at par 平价auction price 拍卖价authority to purchase 购买委托证authority to pay 委托付款证average cost 平均成本average tare 平均皮重average unit cost 平均单位成本average unit price 平均单价average weight 平均重量award of bid 决标，定标。

付款用语付款方法mode of payment现金付款payment by cash/cash payment/payment by ready cash以支票支付payment by cheque以汇票支付payment by bill以物品支付payment in kind付清/支付全部货款payment in full/full payment支付部分货款/分批付款payment in part/part payment/partial payment记帐付款/会计帐目内付款payment on account定期付款payment on term年分期付款annual payment月分期付款monthly payment/monthly instalment延滞付款payment in arrear预付货/先付payment in advance/prepayment延付货款deferred payment立即付款prompt payment/immediate payment暂付款suspense payment延期付款delay in payment/extension of payment支付票据payment bill名誉支付/干与付款payment for honour/payment by intervention结帐/清算/支付settlement分期付款instalment滞付/拖欠/尾数款未付arrears特许拖延付款日days of grace保证付款del credere付款to pay/to make payment/to make effect payment结帐to settle/to make settlement/to make effect settlement/to square/to balance支出/付款to defray/to disburse结清to clear off/to pya off请求付款to ask for payment/to request payment恳求付帐to solicit payment拖延付款to defer payment/to delay payment付款被拖延to be in arrears with payment还债to discharge迅速付款to pay promptly付款相当迅速to pay moderately well/to pay fairly well/to keep the engagements regularly付款相当慢to pay slowly/to take extended credit付款不好to pay badly/to be generally in arrear with payments付款颇为恶劣to pay very badly/to never pay unless forced拒绝付款to refuse payment/to refuse to pay/to dishonour a bill相信能收到款项We shall look to you for the payment/We shall depend upon you for the payment /We expect payment from you惠请付款kindly pay the amount/please forward payment/please forward a cheque.我将不得不采取必要步骤运用法律手段收回该项货款I shall be obliged to take the necessary steps to legally recover the amount. /I shall be compelled to take steps to enforce payment.惠请宽限let the matter stand over till then./allow me a short extension of time. /Kindly postpone the time forpayment a little longer.索取利息to charge interest附上利息to draw interest/to bear interest/to allow interest生息to yield interest生息3% to yield 3%存款to deposit in a bank/to put in a bank/to place on deposit/to make deposit在银行存款to have money in a bank/to have a bank account/to have money on deposit向银行提款to withdraw one‘s deposit from a bank换取现金to convert into money/to turn into cash/to realize折扣用语从价格打10%的折扣to make a discount of 10% off the price/to make 10% discount off the price打折扣购买to buy at a discount打折扣出售to sell at a discount打折扣-让价to reduce/to make a reduction减价to deduct/to make a deduction回扣to rebate现金折扣cash discount货到付款/现金提货cash on deliver （C.O.D.）货到付现款cash on arrival即时付款prompt cash净价/最低价格付现net cash现金付款ready cash即期付款spot cash/cash down/cash on the nail凭单据付现款cash against documents凭提单付现款cash against bills of lading承兑交单documents against acceptance （D/A）付款交单documents against payment （D/P）折扣例文除非另有说明，30日后全额付现，如有错误，请立即通知。

检测项目Measuring Item内容概述Description检测结果Test result定值Setting主柴油发电机组和配电板试验报告Test report of Diesel Generator & Switchboard 主柴油发电机组安全报警试验Safety function alarm test of main D/G set 内容、描述、名称Description发电机组D/G set发电机绕组高温报警Generator winding high temp. Alarm盘车装置连锁Turning gear interlock预润滑油泵故障Prime L.O. Pump failure起动故障Start failure手动应急停车Manual emergency stop柴油发电机电源故障D/G power failure滑油进口压力过低报警并停车L.O. press. too low , alarm and stop冷却淡水出口温度太高报警并停车 F.W. Temp. outlet too high, alarm and stop超速停车Over speed stop auto. (simulate)检验员Inspector:船东Ship Owner:船级社CLASS：起动次数start times起动前气压Press. before start起动后气压Press. after start平均每次启动时间Average time最低启动压力Lowest start pressure绝缘电阻测量记录Insulation Resistance Measuring Record相位Phase冷态（MΩ）Cold condition热态（MΩ）Hot condition发电机定子绕组Stator winding of generator空间加热器Space heater调速电动机Governor motor柴油发电机组负荷试验Load Test of No.1 D/G set输出功率OUTPUT POWER运行时间Duration of Runs柴油机转速Gen. Revolution高温水出机温度H.F.W. Temp. Out高温水进机压力H.F.W. PRESS. IN空冷器淡水进口温度Aircooler L.T.W. Inlet Temp.空冷器淡水进口压力Aircooler L.T.W. Inlet Press.滑油进滤器温度L.O. In Filter Temp.滑油滤器压力L.O. In Filter Press滑油进机压力L.O. In Engine Press.滑油增压器压力L.O Press. (T/C)燃油进机温度 F.O. Temperature燃油进机压力 F.O Pressure增压器进气温Booster Air Temp增压空气压力Boost air press.增压器前排温E/G Temp. (FWD T/C)增压器后排温 Exh. Temp. (AFT T/C)增压器转速TC. Revolution绕组温度 Alt.Winding Temp.缸头排温 Cyl. Exh. Gas Temp.低压断路器测试报表LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER TEST REPORT 断路器名牌数据 BREAKER NAME PLATE DATA系列Family断路器型号Breaker Type标准Standard用户、顾客、买方Customer:地址Address脱扣单元基本保护设定 TRIP UNIT BASIC PROTECTION SETTINGS参数Parameter元件额定电流SensorRating (In)长延时保护分断Long Time Pickup (Ir)长延时保护时限Long Time Delay (tr)短延时保护分断Short Time Pickup (Isd, Im)短延时保护时限Short Time Delay (tsd)瞬时分断 Instantaneous Pickup (Ii)接地故障分断 Ground Fault Pickup (Ig)接地故障保护时限Ground Fault Delay (tg)电流水平Current Level试验电流水平 Test Current Level动作时间 Trip Time自动测试结果 Automatic Test Results状态 Status通过PassedCT阻值CT resistance备注、意见Remarks测试单位Testing Company: DONGGUAN FUYUAN CO LTD 日期Date服务工程师Service Engineer执行者Executor。

市场营销专业术语中英文对照标准翻译本文为市场营销中经常用到的一些中文与英文互译的标准用语，希望对市场营销从业人员有所帮助。

《财富》杂志Fortune案头调研Desk Research奥美公司Ogilvy & Mather白色商品White Goods百乐门Parliament百威啤酒Budweiser包裹销售法Banded Pack宝洁公司Procter & Gamble宝丽来Polaroid宝马BMW边际成本Marginal Cost边际收益Marginal Benefit标准差，均差Standard Deviation别克Buick波立兹调查公司Alfred Politz Research, Inc波旁王朝Ancient Age Bourbon波特福洛分析Portefolio Analysis产品差异Product Differentiation产品生命周期Product Life Cycle产品系列Product Line产品组合Product Mix阐述Presentation超级市场Supermarket成对比较法Paired Comparisons成功的理想主义者Successful Idealist承诺型消费者Committed Buyer程度测试Tachistoscope橙色商品Orange Goods冲动购买Impulse Buying重叠率Duplication抽样Sampling传销Pyramid Selling传阅发行量Pass-on Circulation词语联想法Word Associaton刺激营销Incentive Marketing促销Promotion达彼思广告公司Ted Bates & Copany大卫·奥格威David Ogilvy戴比尔斯De Beers丹尼尔·斯塔奇公司Danile Starch & Staff 弹性Elasticity到达率Reach道奇Dodge第三者法Third-Person Technique第一提及Top of Mind电话访问Telephone Interview电通广告公司Dentsu电子售点数据EPOS Data定量研究Quantitative Research定位Positioning定性研究Qualitative Research动机研究Motivation Research读者Readers读者人数Readership独特销售主张Unique Selling Proposition杜邦公司Du Pont多方面衡量Multi-dimensional Scaling多品牌战略Multi-brand Strategy惰性销售Inertia Selling恩格尔曲线Engel Curves二手资料Secondary Data发行量Circulation发行量稽核组织ABC仿造Me Too访问Interview访问员Interviewer非处方药OTC菲力普·莫里斯公司Philip Morris Company 菲亚特FIAT肥皂剧Soap Opera分刊测试Split-run Test分销Distribution丰田TOYATA缝隙分析Gap Analysis浮动插播Floating Spot辅助回想Aided Recall付费发行量Paid Circulation复核Back Checking复核Validation富豪汽车VOLVO富可视Infocus富士胶卷FUJI FILM覆盖率Coverage盖凡尼克皮肤反应测试仪Galvanic Skin Response Meter盖洛普暨罗宾逊调查公司Gallup & Robinson,Inc概念测试Concept Testing高度介入产品High Invovement Procuct革新消费者Innovators葛瑞广告Grey Advertising公众调查公司Audience Research,Inc贡献Contrubution购买周期Buying Cycle孤独守巢人Empty Nesers鼓动销售Hard Sell故事板/分镜头表Storyboard故事完成法Story Completion观察调研法Obseravtion Study广告Advertising广告/销售比率Advertising/Sales Ratio广告比重Advertising Weight广告标准Advertising Standard广告调查基金会(美国) Advertising Research Foundation广告概要Advertising Brief广告口号Slogan广告目标即广告效果评测Defining Advertising Goals for Measured Advertising Results 国际商用机器公司IBM过度杀伤Overkill过滤审查Screening哈佛商学院Harvard Business School红色商品Red Goods互补品Complements花旗集团Citigroup华尔街Wall Street黄金时段Prime Time辉瑞Pfizer混合调查Omnibus Research混和调研Omnibus Research基本读者Primary Reader稽核Audit吉芬商品Giffen Goods吉列Gillette集团购买Organizational Buying集中度Affinity集中市场细分Concentrated Segmentation计算机辅助的电话采访Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing记忆测试Recall Test记忆性Memorability佳能Canan家乐福Carrefour家庭(户) House Hold家庭稽核Home Audit家庭生活周期Family Life Cycle甲壳虫Bettle价格分析Values Analysis价格敏感Price Sensitive价格歧视Price Discrimination价格战Price War间接调研Off-the-research建议价格Recommended Price箭牌口香糖Wrigley讲究派头的诉求Snob Appeal交叉销售Cross-selling交替需求Alternate Demand焦点小组(讨论) Focus group (Discussion)角色扮演Role Playing阶式渗透Cascading结构化访问Structured Interview金佰利Kimberly-Clark浸透策略Penetration Strategy精工SEIKO句子完成法Sentence Completion决策群Decision Making Unit决定性调研Conclusive Research卡通测试Cartoon Tests开放题Open-ended Question开机率Homes Using TV柯达Kodak壳牌Shell可变价格Variable Pricing可口可乐Coca-Cola可丽舒Kleenex可信度Believability克莱斯勒Chrysler克劳德·霍普金斯Claude Hopkins客观看法Outside View肯德基炸鸡Kentucky Fried Chicken口碑广告Word-of-mouth Advertising快流量消费品Fast-moving Consumer Goods 拉力Pulling Power拦截访问Intercept Interview乐观奔命者Optimistic Striver离差Deviation李奥·贝纳Leo Burnett李佛兄弟公司Lever Brothers力士Lux连带外部效应Network Externality联合调研/辛迪加Syndicated Research联合分析Conjoint Analysis联合利华公司Unilever联想Association Techniques练习性预演Dry Run两步收费Two-part Tariff量表Scale劣等商品Inferior Goods零售周期Wheel of Retailing零头定价法Odd-even Pricing漏斗深入法Funnel Approach露华浓Revlon乱数表Random-number Table罗塞·瑞夫斯Rosser Reevse罗夏测试Rorschach Test骆驼Camal马丁·迈耶Martin Mayer麦当劳McDonald’s麦肯爱里克森广告公司Mccann-Erickson麦氏威尔咖啡Maxwell House Coffee卖方市场Seller’s Market满意购买者Satisfied Buyer盲测Blind Test毛评点Gross Ratting points媒体分析Media Analysis每千人(户)成本Cost Per Thousand Figure每千人成本Cost Per Mille美孚Mobil美国报纸发行人协会American Newspaper Publisher’s Association 美国电报电话公司AT&T美国广播公司ABC美国广告代理商协会4A’sThe American Association of Advertising Agencies美国民意研究中心American Institute of Public Opinion美国营销协会American Marketing Association美国运通American Express描述性调研Descriptive Research民意测验Opinion Poll明尼苏达矿务及制造业公司3M模似Simulation姆姆巧克力M&M耐克Nike尼尔逊公司A. C. Nielsen尼尔逊全国电视指数Nielsen National Television Index 尼尔逊受众测定器Nielsen audiometer尼尔逊指数Nielsen Index欧宝OPEL欧洲民意测验和市场调研协会ESOMAR帕累托原理Pareto Principle派生需求Derived Demand攀比效应Bandwagon Effect判断性抽样Judgement Sampling旁氏Pond’s陪伴购物Accompanied Shopping配额Quota配额抽样Quota Sampling频率分布Frequency Distribution品牌Brang品牌测试Brang Test品牌估价Brang Valuation品牌管理Brang Management品牌偏好Brang Preference品牌认知Brang Awareness品牌形象Brang Image品牌性格Brang Personalities品牌忠诚度Brang Loyalty品牌转换成本Switching Cost品质认知度Perceived Quality七喜7UP期望值Expectations期望值Expected V alue其他指导人Other-directed Person企业标志Corporate Logo企业识别Corporate Identity前导性研究Pilot Study潜意识广告Subliminal Advertising强生公司Johnson & Johnson乔治·格里宾George Gribbin情感购买者Like Friend情感象征Emotional Symbol渠道冲突Channel Conflict全国性涵盖度Blanket人口统计学特征Demographics人员推销Personal Selling认识差距Cognitive Dissonance认知Awareness认知图表Perceptual Mapping日后记忆Day-after-recall入户访问Door-to-door Interview软性促销Soft Sell萨奇公司Saatchi & Saatchi三维营销3-D商店稽核Store Audit社会等级Social Grading社会接受度Social Acceptability社会营销Social Marketing深度访谈Depth Interview生存者Survivor生活方式Lifestyle声音比例SOV声音份额Share of V oice施乐Xerox时代华纳Time Warner时机感Sense of Timing时间档次Time Slot时序分析Time-Series analysis识阈效应Threshold Effect使用与态度Usage and Attitude市场策略的利润效果Profit Impact of Market Strategy 市场调研Market Research市场调研/营销调研Marketing Research市场细分Market Segmentation市场占有率Market Share视听众暴露度Impession收获战略Harvesting Strategy收入效应Income Effect收视(听)率Ratings收视率Television Rating售点POP售点POS斯塔奇数字Starch Figure斯坦利·里索Stanley Resor斯沃琪Swatch四点分析SWOT Analysis随机抽样Random Sampling索尼SONY态度Attitude探索性调研Exploratory汤橱浓汤Campbell’s Soup特许经营Franchise替代品Substitutes替代效应Substitution Effect天美时Timex听众调查Audience Research通用汽车General Motor同类相食Cannibalisation投射研究Projective Research图片响应法Picture Response Techniques推拉战略Push and Pull Strategies推力Push Power完成法Completion Techniques完全竞争市场Perfectly Competitive Market 万宝路Marlboro万事达卡Master Card威廉·伯恩巴克William Bernbach威士卡VISA维持者Sustainer伟哥Viagra胃溃疡峡谷Ulcer Gulch稳定插播Anchored Spot问卷Questionnaire沃尔玛Wal-Mart Stores无品牌忠诚度No Brand Loyalty无提示认知Unaided Awareness无准备调查访问Cold Calling西门子SIEMENS习惯购买者Habitual Buyer习惯性购买Habit Buying喜力Heineken系统销售System Selling细流战Drip Campaign显著特征Salient Attribute现场调研Field Research现场督导Conductor现场督导Field Supervisor现场工作Field Work现场人员Field Force线上活动Above-the-line线下活动Below-the-line相关群体Reference Group象牙牌香皂Ivory消费者购物固定样本Consumer Purchase Panel 消费者内在需求Consumer Insight消费者偏好Consumer Preferences消费者剩余Consumer Surplus消费者形象描述Consumer Profile销售定额Sales Quota销售反馈功能Sales Response Function销售领域Sales Territory销售预测Sales Forecast销售专集Sales Literature销售组合Sales Mix小组讨论Group Discussion心理图案学Psychographics心理戏剧Motivational Theater心智索引Mindex心智占有率Share of Mind新奇士Sunkist新人训练Orientation Training形象Image虚荣效应Snob Effect选择性分销Selective Distribution雪佛兰Chevrolet雅皮YUPPY眼睛轨迹研究Eye Tracking Research扬雅广告公司Young & Rubicam样品Sample一次性购物One-stop Shopping一手资料Primary Data伊莱克斯Electrolux宜家IKEA移情作用Empathy意见领导Opinion Leader因果性调研Causal Research营销会计稽核Marketing Audit营销近视Marketing Myopia营销组合10P’s营销组合4C’s’营销组合4P’s营销组合Marketing Mix营业额/到达率增长指数Turnover影响力等级Hierarchy of Effects佣金制Commission System由报纸决定(刊登位置) Run-of-paper邮购Mail Order有提示认知Aided Awareness有效贮藏期限Shelf Life诱导转向法Bait and Switch语义差异法Semantic Differential预检验Pre-testing原创性Originality原子状测试Atomistic Test岳母研究Mother-in-law Research载波技术ZAP赞助Sponsorship詹姆士·韦伯扬James Webb Young展览会Exhibition争夺经营Scrambled Merchandising正常商品Normal Goods直递Direct Mail直销Direct Marketing智威汤逊J. Walter Thompson重度消费者Heavy User主持人Moderator主题类化法Thematic Apperception属性特征Attributes住地居民细分法A Classification of Residential Neighborhoods 专家调研Specialist Research资料手册Fact Book自付优惠Self-liquidating Offer棕色商品Brown Goods最终用户End-user。

专业术语英中文对照TTP： time-to-progression 疾病进展时间SAE： severity Adverse Event严重不良事件AE： Adverse Event不良事件SOP： Standard Operating Procedure 标准操作规程CRF： Case Report form病例报告表DLT：剂量限制毒性MTD：最大耐受剂量KPS： Karnofsky Performance Status行为状态评分CR： complete response完全缓解PR： partial response部分缓解SD：病情稳定PD： progressive disease病情进展CTC：常用药物毒性标准IEC： independent ethics committee 独立伦理委员会IRB ： institutional review board 伦理委员会CRA：临床研究助理CRO： Contract Research Organization合同研究组织DFS： Disease Free Survival无病生存期OS：〔Overall Survival总生存时间IC： Informed consent 知情同意ADR： Adverse Drug Reaction不良反应GAP：Good Agricultural Practice 中药材种植管理规范GCP：Good Clinical Practice 药物临床试验质量管理规范GLP：Good Laboratory Practice 药品实验室管理规范GMP：Good Manufacturing Practice 药品生产质量管理规范GSP：Good Supply Practice 药品经营质量管理规范GUP：Good Use Practice 药品使用质量管理规范PI ：Principal investigator主要研究者CI： Co-inveatigator合作研究者SI ：Sub-investigator 助理研究者COI ：Coordinating investigtor协调研究者DGMP：医疗器械生产质量管理规范ICF： Informed consent form知情同意书RCT ： randomized controlled trial, 随机对照试验NRCCT： non-randomized concurrent controlled trial, 非随机同期对照试验EBM： evidence-based medicine循证医学RCD：randomized cross-over disgn随机交*对照试验HCT： historial control trial, 历史对照研究RECIST： Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors. 实体瘤疗效反应的评价标准QC： Quality Control质量控制UADR： Unexpected Adverse Drug Reaction,非预期药物不良反应1 / 6Active control AC 阳性对照,活性对照Adverse drug reactive ADR药物不良反应Audit 稽查Bias 偏差blank Control 空白对照Blinding /asking盲法Case history病历Clinical trial临床试验Clinical trial application, CTA 临床试验申请Clinical trial exemption, CTX 临床试验免责Clinical trial protocol, CTP临床试验方案Clinical trial/study report临床试验报告Co-investigator合作研究者Comparison对照Compliance/obedience依从性Computer-assisted trial design CATD计算机辅助试验设计Coordinating committee协调委员会Cross-over study 交叉研究Documentation文件Dose-reaction relation 剂量-反应关系double blinding 双盲electronic data capture/processing电子数据采集/处理系统endpoint criteria/ measurement 终点指标exclusion criteria排除标准generic drug通用名药health economic evaluation, HEV健康经济学评价hypothesis testing 假设检验inclusion criteria 入选标准information gathering 信息收集initial meeting 启动会议inspection视察/检查intention to treat 意向治疗interactive voice response system, IVRS 互动式语音应答系统international conference on harmonization 国际协调会议investigational new drug,IND新药临床研究marketing approval/ authorization 上市许可证new chemical entity新化学实体new drug application, NDA新药申请optional titration随意滴定patient file病人档案placebo安慰剂principle investigator, PI主要研究者product license, PL 产品许可证protocol amendment 方案补正quality assurance, QA 质量保证quality assurance unit, QAU 质量保证部门quality control,QC质量控制randomization随机化run in 准备期sample size 样本量,样本大小seriousness严重性severity 严重程度site audit试验机构稽查source data/source document, SD原始数据source data verification, SDV原始数据核准statistical analysis plan, SAP统计分析计划subject diary受试者日记subject enrollment 受试者筛选subject enrollment log受试者入选表subject identification code, SIC受试者识别代码subject recruitment受试者招募subject screening log受试者筛选表trial error试验误差trial master file试验总文件unexpected adverse event, UAE 预料外不良反应variability变异visual analogy scale直观类比打分法vulnerable subject弱势受试者wash-out 清洗期well-being福利,健康。