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复习专题虚拟语气知识点(大全)一、初中英语虚拟语气1． If my mother ___ I get a grade of 50 in English exam, she would be angry.A．knows B．knewC．has known D．would know【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我的母亲知道我英语考试成绩是50分，她会生气的。
表示与现在事实相反的事实，该用一般过去时态，所以选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
2． I________ a big house for my family if I _____ a lot of money．A．would buy, have B．would buy, hadC．will buy; had D．will buy, will have【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我有很多钱，我要给家人买个大大的房子。
句子用虚拟语气，所以动词用过去式，would，had，故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
3．If I______ you, I would take a small present..A．am B．was C．were D．are【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我我你，我会那个小的礼物。
句中用虚拟语气，系动词用were，故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
4． If I ______ you, I _____the job.A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 【答案】 C【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我就要这份工作。
If引导的句子是愿望时，用过去式表示，而且系动词用were,主句用would加原形。
故选C。
考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。
5． If I you,I buy a bike for him.A．was,would B．was,could C．were,would D．were,could【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会给他买一辆自行车。
虚拟语气归纳复习一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中(一) 虚拟条件句中的三种时态：1. 与现在事实相反：If + S +did / were , S + would /should / could / might+ do2. 与过去事实相反：If + S + had done , S + would / should / could / might + have done3. 与将来事实可能相反：If + S + did / were/ should do /were to do, S + would /should / could / might+ do1)If I _________________(be) tired, I _______________________(take) a rest.2)If I had known his address, I______________________________________(write) a letter to him.3)I you __________________(come) yesterday, you __________________________(meet) him.4)If I _____________________________(be) free tomorrow, I__________________( go) to the library.5)If the sun _____________________(stop) shining, only one smile from you____________________(make) theworld bright.6)I ___________________________(appreciate) it if you ______________(can) reply to me as soon as possible atyour convenience.7)Even if he ______________(be) here, he _______________________________(solve) the problem / issue.8)If he _________________________(drive) more carefully, he ___________________________(avoid) the caraccident yesterday.9)What ____________________________ (happen) if we _______________________________ (not work) hard?10)If the traffic ___________________(be ) so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.(二) 虚拟条件句中的混合时态:有时条件从句和主句的时态不一致，但必须有明确的时间状语表明不同的时间。
虚拟语气英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气：陈述事实或提出疑问，用于陈述句，疑问句和感叹句；祈使语气：表示请求、命令，指示或劝告等；虚拟语气：①表示说话人所说的不是事实，②一种假设、猜测、怀疑等（在条件从句中或让步状语从句中）；③一种表示说话人愿望、要求、命令、建议等（在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）。
一、条件状语从句(2) 混合虚拟语气有时主句与从句所指的时间不一致，这叫错综虚拟语气或混合虚拟语气，它要求从句的时态根据实际的时间概念来确定。
如：If I had finished my homework last night, I would be allowed to watch TV now.（从句是过去情况，而主句说明现在情况。
）If you told me the truth now, I would not send for your parents tomorrow.（从句说明现在情况，主句说明将来情况。
）(3) 含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过if条件句表达出来，而隐含在某些介词短语中，如with, without, but for 等，或者通过副词or, otherwise等上下文表示。
如：Without your encouragement, I wouldn’t have succeeded.=If you hadn’t encouraged me, I wouldn’t have succeeded.二、宾语从句【特别注意】一定要是从句才用虚拟语气，否则根据固定搭配用陈述语气。
I would rather had you hadn’t told me. （宾语从句，用虚拟）I would rather have some water. （不是从句，用would rather do固定搭配）1、表示“希望、宁愿”wish, would rather注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。
英语复习-虚拟语气一）在主语从句中1. 用于It is advisable/ odd/ desirable/ imperative/ natural/ necessary/ strange/ unusual, etc. + that 引导的主语从句中。
It is highly desirable that a new president (should) be appointed for the college.2. 用于It is desired, it is suggested, etc. +that 引导的主语从句中。
It is urged that he(should) be trained.It is requested thatMr.Wang(should)give a performance at the party.虚拟语气用在It is + 形容词（或过去分词）+ that... .的主语从句中，表示要求，建议，提议，命令，请求等，英国英语中从句的谓语用“should +原形动词（或完成式）构成”，而美国英语中则要求用原形动词。
该句型中常用的形容词或过去分词有：advisable, desirable, essential, important, better, keen, natural, necessary, probable, possible, strange, vital, desired, demanded, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。
例如：It is necessary that the machine (should) be oiled once a week.It is important that everyone (should) obey the law.It is suggested that you take a walk after supper.在这些形容词前加highly也是可以的单独用好像不多见（二）虚拟语气用于下列动词后的宾语从句中advise arrange move(提议)beg demand deservedesire determine recommend ask insist orderprefer propose requitewish urge suggestsuppose decideI asked that I (should) be allowed to read whatever I liked.She move/ suggested that the meeting (should) be continued after lunch. 如果宾语从句中的动词是否定的，从句后应是not + 动词原形。
高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+ had + done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她（事实：去晚了）。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
（事实：不可能来）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。
一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 从句形式主句形式与现在事实相反did/ were would/could/should/might + do If与过去事实相反had done would/could/should/might have done 与将来的事实相反did/ wereshould do would/could/should/might + dowere to doIf we had time now, we would read it again. 与现在事实相反If I were you, I would work hard. 与现在事实相反If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test. 与过去事实相反If it rained tomorrow, they would not go out. 与将来的事实相反If it should rain, the crops would be saved. 与将来的事实相反If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. 与将来的事实相反虚拟条件句的特殊情况2. 混合/错综型虚拟语气 (时间错综)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在) 3. 省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
If it should happen, what would you do? →Should it happen, what would you do?If he had recognized me, he would have come over. →Had he recognized me, he would have come over.If I were you, I wouldn’t go there with him. Were I you, I wouldn’t go there with him.4. 虚实错综条件句有事实I was busy yesterday, otherwise I would have gone to your party. 有虚拟5. 含蓄虚拟条件句假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。
常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but等。
Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry.He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party.事实虚拟二．虚拟语气用在名词性从句中1.主语从句中的虚拟语气这种虚拟语气主要用在it is+形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。
①常见的这类形容词有：surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important, vital, essential②常见的这类过去分词有：demanded, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested.③常见的这类名词有：a pity, no surprise, no wonder, a shame.It was suggested that he（should）join the club activities.It is s trange /surprising that she (should) not have been invited.It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer.2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气②在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。
此类动词有：insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, ask, request.(1个坚持2个命令3建议4个要求)The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be hande d in on time.P.S. 当suggest表示‘暗示，说明’之意；insist表示‘坚持认为，坚持说’之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。
The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 坚持说The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life. 暗示,表明3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形。
常见名词有：advice, desire, request, demand, proposal, suggestion, preference, requirement, order.He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospital entertained.His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.三. 特殊句型1. wish 后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为要是，但愿…就好了），as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。
if only后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。
其形式主要有三种：现在情况的虚拟：过去时were/ did过去情况的虚拟：过去完成时had done将来情况的虚拟：would，could, might +doI wish it were spring all year round. 现在She wished she had stayed at home. 过去I wish it would be fine tomorrow. 将来He talks as if he knew all about it. 现在She speaks English well as if he had studied in America. 过去He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad. 将来2. would rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气（宁愿，但愿）。
表示与现在或将来相反: 过去时were/ did表示与过去相反: 过去完成时had doneI’d rather he went there tomorrow. 将来I’d rather he didn’t go now. 现在I’d rather you hadn’t done it. 过去I would rather stay at home than go to the party. would rather do than do3. 在it is (high) time that …句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should(不能省略) +动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。
It is time that we went home.It is time that we should go home.P.S注意与‘It/This is the +序数词+time that+现在完成式的区别。
This is the first time that I have been here.* 动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为‘本想，本打算，本认为’He had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained.他上周本打算去买那件家具，但却下雨了虚拟语气练习答案:1-10 ACDDA DBADC 11-20 ABBBC DCBBB 21-30 CBCBA BABCD1. ——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.——I wish they ______ always late. （2011北京卷,28）A. weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD. wouldn’t have been2. Maybe if I ___ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying （2011北京卷,30）3. I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.（2011天津卷,15）A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come4. ——Pity, you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.——I ______ it,but I was busy preparing for a job interview. （2011福建卷,34）A. attendedB. had attendedC. would attendD. would have attended5. I _____ through that bitter period withou t your generous help. （2011陕西卷,22）A. couldn’t have goneB. didn’t goC. wouldn’t goD. hadn’t gone6. We _____ John’s name on the race list yesterday b ut for his recent injury. （江西28）A. will putB. will have putC. would putD. would have put7.（2010江苏卷）George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’drather he_______ more on its culture.A. focusB. focusedC. would focusD. had focused8.（2010浙江卷）Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time andenergy .A．would have been saved B．had been saved C．will be saved D．was saved 9.（2010北京卷）--The weather has been very hot and dry.--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _______.A. wouldn't dieB. didn't dieC. hadn't diedD. wouldn't have died10. If it were not for the fact t hat she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’tB. shouldn’tC. can’tD. might not11. If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day.A.rainedB. rainsC. has rainedD. is raining12. If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel throughas much of it as possible.A.wouldB. couldC. had toD. ought to13. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.A. can manageB. could have managedC. could managedD. can have managed14. —Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.A. will not be sent；thatB. not be sent；thatC. should not be sent；whatD. should not send；what15. Look at the trouble I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！A. followedB. would followC. had followedD. should follow16．The naughty boy demanded that he _______ to go on study the next week．A．could permit B．could be permitted C．must permit D．be permitted 17．The order came that the rescue team to Japan for the earthquake soon．A．would be sent B．should send C．be sent D．must be sent18．It is natural that Bob to Canada but to New YorkA．will not be sent B．not be sent C．should be sent D．should not send19. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.A. did; setB. had done; should be setC. should do; be setD. had done; must be set20. ______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. WouldB. ShouldC. WereD. Will21. My suggestion is that you much meat.A. wouldn’t takeB. shall not takeC. not haveD. won’t have22. I t is time we ____to the library.A. will goB. wentC. goD. gone23. I can’t move my legs---it is as if they _______ to the floor.A. are stuckB. have been stuckC. were stuckD. had been stuck24.The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan as though he ____ their own son.A. has beenB. wereC. had beenD. should25. It is ordered that no smoking ______ in the library.A. be allowedB. would be allowedC. was allowedD. had been allowed.26. How I wish I _____ only 18 years old!A. should beB. wereC. amD. would be27. It’s pity that he ___ such a good chance. A. miss B. missed C. misses D. will miss28. Her face suggested that she ______ill. So I suggested that she ______ to the hospital.A. should be; should be sentB. was; be sentC. should be; be sentD. was; sent29. --- would you like to work in my company?--- Sorry, I’d rather ____ here, but I’d rather my da ughter ____ to your company.A. staying; goesB. to stay; to goC. stay; wentD. to stay; goes30. I insisted Mike _______ to Mary, but Mike insisted that he _____ not wrong at all.A. apologized; should beB. should apologize; should beC. apologized; wasD. apologize; was。
