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新型碳气凝胶的制备及表征何蕊;刘振法【摘要】以氨水作为间苯二酚和甲醛反应的催化剂,经溶胶-凝胶制备有机气凝胶,再经过常温常压干燥、高温碳化形成碳气凝胶.采用X射线衍射、比表面仪、扫描电镜能谱分析仪对样品进行表征.结果表明:以氨水为催化剂所得碳气凝胶比表面积在900m2/g左右,呈现连续颗粒状.%Carbon aerogels are prepared by sol-gel process via reaction of resorcinol and formaldehyde with ammonia water as catalyst and afterward ambient drying followed by carbonization. The structure of products is characterized by X-ray diffraction, gas physisorption, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis. Results indicte that the carbon aerogels with ammonia as catalyst show a coarser surface, and its specific surface area is about 900 m2/g, presenting continuous granular.【期刊名称】《河北科技大学学报》【年(卷),期】2013(034)001【总页数】4页(P26-29)【关键词】碳气凝胶;催化剂;氨水【作者】何蕊;刘振法【作者单位】河北省科学院能源研究所,河北石家庄050081;河北省科学院能源研究所,河北石家庄050081【正文语种】中文【中图分类】O648碳气凝胶是一种由高聚物分子构成的多空非晶凝聚态材料，可以用在力学、热学、光学及声学等方面，具有独特的性能和用途。
本科毕业设计(论文)题目：磁性复合粒子Fe3O4@mSiO2-NH2的制备、性能及应用研究学生姓名：学号：专业班级：材料化学指导教师：XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX20XX 年 6 月 16 日磁性复合粒子 Fe 3O 4@mSiO 2-NH 2 的制备、性能及应用研究摘要作为同时具备磁性和纳米尺度特性的特殊纳米粒子，Fe 3O 4 在越来越多的领域表现出巨大的应用潜力。
首先通过高温分解和修饰的 Stober 方法制备表面包覆介孔二氧化硅的 Fe 3O 4 粒子并采用硅烷试剂对其表面修饰；然后采用 X 射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和 BET 等技术对所制备的粒子 进行结构、形貌和性能表征；最后探索粒子吸附重金属离子的能力。
结果表明，粒子在包覆前后分别为立方体和球形，尺寸分别在 40-70 nm 和 220-260 nm ，降低前驱体浓度和反应时间可获得更薄的 SiO 2 壳；复合粒子平均孔径和表面积分别为 2.6 nm 和 675m 2·g -1；另外复合粒子磁性得以保留且对 Fe3+具有较大吸附量，达 20.66 mg·g -1。
本课题研究结果对磁性复合粒子在水质处理方面的应用具有重要指导意义。
关键词：磁性复合粒子；高温分解法；介孔二氧化硅；表面功能化；磁分离Research of preparation、properties and application forFe3O4@mSiO2-NH2AbstractFe3O4, as a kind of nanoparticles with magnetic properties and nanoscale features are used in more and more fields, expressing their great potential application. Firstly, we prepared magnetite by thermal decomposition of iron(Ⅲ) acetylacetonate, modifying it with oleic acid in order to improve the dispersion and stability of nanoparticles and provide possibilities for post-process. Secondly, Fe3O4nanoparticles were coated by a layer of mesoporous silica using modified Stober method for the application in water treatment. Then structural and magnetic properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and BET techniques. Finally，the abilities of particles in removing heavy metal ions was researched. Obtained results revealed that decreasing the precursor concentration and the reaction time decreases the thickness of the silica shell. Before and after coating, particles were cubic and spherical with average size of 40-70 nm and 220-260 nm respectively. The as–prepared composite particles had an average pore size of 2.6 nm and a high surface area of 675 m2·g-1. After silica coating, the Fe3O4@mSiO2maintained the magnetic properties and had a relatively large adsorption capacity for Fe3+; up to 20.66 mg of Fe per g of adsorbent. These results demonstrate the special structure and properties of nanocomposites and imply the prospective application in water treatment.Keywords：Magnetic composite particles；Thermal decomposition；Mesoporoussilica；Surface functionalization；Magnetic separation目录第 1 章绪论 (1)1.1 磁性纳米粒子的性质及合成 (1)1.1.1 磁性纳米粒子的性质 (1)1.1.2 磁性纳米粒子的制备 (2)1.2 磁性纳米粒子的表面功能化 (6)1.2.1 有机材料功能化 (6)1.2.2 无机材料功能化 (12)1.2.3 小结 (14)1.3 磁性纳米粒子的应用领域 (15)1.3.1 磁性纳米粒子在医学领域的应用 (15)1.3.2 磁性纳米粒子在催化领域的应用 (16)1.3.3 磁性纳米粒子在环境领域的应用 (17)1.4 本论文的选题意义和主要研究内容 (18)第 2 章Fe3O4@mSiO2-NH2磁性粒子的制备及表征 (19)2.1 实验材料及实验仪器 (19)2.1.1 实验材料 (19)2.1.2 实验仪器 (19)2.2 Fe3O4@mSiO2-NH2复合粒子的制备 (20)2.2.1 制备油酸稳定的 Fe3O4纳米粒子 (20)2.2.2 介孔二氧化硅包覆 Fe3O4 (20)2.2.3 表面氨基功能化 (21)2.3 制备粒子的表征方法 (21)2.3.1 XRD 测定 (21)2.3.2 红外光谱测定 (21)2.3.3 扫描电子显微镜 (22)2.3.4 Zeta 电势测定 (22)2.3.5 磁性测定 (22)中国石油大学(华东)本科毕业设计(论文)2.3.6 氮气吸附与脱吸附测定 .................................................................................. 22 2.4 结果与讨论 . (23)2.4.1 XRD 表征 ...................................................................................................... 23 2.4.2 红外光谱分析 .................................................................................................. 24 2.4.3 扫描电子显微图像 .......................................................................................... 25 2.4.4 Zeta 电势分析 ................................................................................................ 29 2.4.5 磁性分析 . (30)2.4.6 氮气吸附与脱吸附分析 (31)2.5 小结 (33)第 3 章 Fe 3O 4@mSiO 2-NH 2 磁性复合粒子的应用............................................................. 34 3.1 实验材料及实验仪器 (34)3.1.1 实验材料 (34)3.1.2 实验仪器 .......................................................................................................... 34 3.2 Fe 3O 4@mSiO 2-NH 2 吸附实验 (34)3.2.1 吸附条件的确定 .............................................................................................. 34 3.2.2 饱和吸附量的确定 .......................................................................................... 34 3.2.3 Fe 3+吸附动力学研究 ..................................................................................... 35 3.2.4 吸附 Fe 3+的再生 .............................................................................................. 35 3.3 结果与讨论 . (35)3.3.1 复合粒子添加量的确定 .................................................................................. 37 3.3.2 吸附等温线 ...................................................................................................... 38 3.3.3 动力学研究 ...................................................................................................... 39 3.3.4 吸附剂的再生 .................................................................................................. 39 3.4 小结 . (40)第 4 章 结论 .......................................................................................................................... 41 致 谢 ...................................................................................................................................... 42 参考文献 . (43)第 1 章 绪论近年来，已有大量关于磁性纳米粒子发展的研究[1]。
专利名称：PREPARATION AND USE OF COMPOSITE PARTICLES CONTAINING DIACYL PEROXIDE 发明人：PAINTER, Jeffrey, Donald,WAGNER, Bruce, Ned,AQUINO, Melissa, Dee申请号：EP96909873.0申请日：19960327公开号：EP0821722A1公开日：19980204专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：There is provided a process for making composite particulates comprising from about 1 % to about 50 % by weight of discrete particles of water-insoluble diacyl peroxide having a mean particle size of less than about 300 microns and from about 30 % to about 99 % by weight of a carrier material which melts in the range of from about 38°C to about 77 °C. This preparation process involves the steps of: (i) mixing the particles of water-insoluble diacyl peroxide into the carrier material while the carrier material is in a molten state; and then (ii) rapidly cooling and solidifying the resultant mixture; and thereafter (iii) working the solidified mixture if or as necessary to form the composite particulates therefrom. Detergent compositions containing the composite particulates are also provided.申请人：THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY地址：One Procter & Gamble Plaza Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 US国籍：US代理机构：Peet, Jillian Wendy, et al更多信息请下载全文后查看。
专利名称：Composite particles发明人：James R. Johnson,Majid Entezarian申请号：US09846338申请日：20010502公开号：US06656587B2公开日：20031202专利内容由知识产权出版社提供专利附图：摘要：Buoyant, sphere-like materials on the order of about 10 to about 300 microns and surrounded, at least in part, by (1) a variable blend of a ferromagnetic andparamagnetic material and (2) an absorbing or adsorbing material are effective vehicles for isolating targeted materials. By virtue of its relatively low density, the compositematerial is capable of remaining sufficiently suspended in solution for a suitable amount of time. In addition, the blend of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic materials allows for the isolation of a composite material from an environment such as a solution, yet discourages substantial self-attachment of the composite materials in solution, when subject to a magnetic field. Accordingly, multiple embodiments of composite materials having these and other properties are disclosed, as well as methods for making and using the same.申请人：PHILLIPS PLASTICS CORPORATION代理机构：Foley & Lardner更多信息请下载全文后查看。
专利名称：Composite particles发明人：Satoko Arai,Mikio Kishimoto,KenjiKohno,Masahiro Kusumoto,Yoshiaki Nishiya 申请号：US11081537申请日：20050317公开号：US20060062999A1公开日：20060323专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：The present invention provides composite particles which have magnetism and simultaneously emit fluorescence with a variety of wavelengths, and which are suitable for use in the fields of biology, biochemistry or the like. The composite particles of the present invention comprise ferromagnetic iron oxide particles, fluorescent pigment particles and silica, and have an average particle size of 1 to 10 μm, a coercive force of 2.39 to 11.94 kA/m (30 to 150 oersted), saturation magnetization of 0.5 to 40 A.m/kg (0.5 to 40 emu/g). The peak value of the wavelength of fluorescence from the composite particle is in the range of 350 to 750 nm, when the composite particle is excited by light with a wavelength of 250 to 600 nm.申请人：Satoko Arai,Mikio Kishimoto,Kenji Kohno,Masahiro Kusumoto,Yoshiaki Nishiya 地址：Osaka JP,Osaka JP,Osaka JP,Tsuruga-shi JP,Tsuruga-shi JP国籍：JP,JP,JP,JP,JP更多信息请下载全文后查看。
Abstract In this paper,composite particles of nano zinc oxide coated with titanium dioxide were prepared and characterized by TEM,XRD,XPS and FT-IR,and the properties of the composite particles for photo catalysis and light absorption were studied.Tetrabutyl titanate (TBT)was hydrolyzed in an alcoholic sus-pension of nano zinc oxide with diethanolamine (DEA)as an additive,resulting in a film with a thick-ness of 20–30nm being coated on the surface of nano zinc oxide,and the composite particles contained ZnTiO 3after drying and calcination.Photocatalysis capabilities of the composite particles for the degra-dation of phenol in an aqueous solution were greatly improved as compared with nano zinc oxide particles before coating,with pure nano ZnO and nano TiO 2with similar average sizes,or with the mixture of nano ZnO and TiO 2with the similar composition as the composite particles.The light absorption scope of the composite particles was enlarged when compared to nano titanium dioxide with same average size.IntroductionThe coatings of materials with different compositions are usually carried out in order to modify or improve properties of the coated materials,such as chemical,magnetic,optical,etc [1,2].Such materials are also of economic interest because precious reactants can be coated on inexpensive cores.Finally,if a material cannot be prepared in a desired shape,one may coat it on a core of different composition but of the required morphology.As important inorganic materials,nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide have respective properties and application limitations.For example,as sunsc-reens,nano titanium dioxide can shield against UVB but nano zinc oxide can not only shield against UVB but also UVA [3–5].As photocatalysis materials,the degradation capabilities of nano titanium dioxide for organic contaminants are usually better than that of nano zinc oxide under sodium lamp and direct sunlight,but nano zinc oxide is found to be as reactive as tita-nium dioxide under concentrated sunlight.Moreover,nano zinc oxide is a low cost alternative as solar photo-catalyst for degradation of organic contaminants in aqueous solutions compared to titanium dioxide [6,7].The composite particles made by nano zinc oxide coated with titanium dioxide are expected to be a novel material having the merits of both compositions.There are a few publications about composite particles con-sisting of titanium dioxide coated with zinc oxide that were used to improve anti-pulverization of titanium dioxide and the mixture of nano titanium oxide and nano zinc oxide that was used as a photo catalyst of organic contaminants [8–10].Few publications up to now were about the preparation and properties ofW.Wu (&)ÆY-W.Cai ÆJ-F.Chen ÆS-L.Shen ÆL-X.Wen Key Lab for Nanomaterials,Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,PR Chinae-mail:wuwei@J-F.ChenResearch Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,PR China A.MartinAdvanced Materials Research Institute,University of New Orleans,New Orleans,LA 70148,USAJ Mater Sci (2006)41:5845–5850DOI 10.1007/s10853-006-0288-0Preparation and properties of composite particles made by nano zinc oxide coated with titanium dioxideW.Wu ÆY-W.Cai ÆJ-F.Chen ÆS-L.Shen ÆA.Martin ÆL-X.WenReceived:30June 2005/Accepted:13October 2005/Published online:28June 2006ÓSpringer Science+Business Media,LLC 2006composite particles made by nano zinc oxide coated with titanium dioxide[11].In this paper,the composite particles were prepared by a sol-gel method.The properties of composite particles for photo catalysis and light absorption were studied as compared to pure nano titanium oxide,pure nano zinc oxide particles and mixed particles consisting of nano titanium oxide and nano zinc oxide.ExperimentalReagents and samplesAnalytical grade tetrabutyl titanate produced by Bei-jing Chemical Reagent Company was applied as the precursor of titanium dioxide.Chemical grade ethanol from Beijing Chemical Factory was used as the solvent. Analytical grade diethanolamine from Beijing Yili Fine Chemicals Ltd.was used as an additive.Polyac-rylic acid5100sodium salt purchased from Fluka Company was used as dispersant of nano zinc oxide powder.Nano zinc oxide powders with diameters of 40–60nm and an average of80nm(ZnO-80)were prepared by the reaction of ammonia gas and zinc nitric aqueous solution.Nano titanium dioxide pow-ders of anatase crystal with average diameters of80nm (TiO2-80)and20nm(TiO2-20)were synthesized by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride.The prepara-tion of nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide were performed in a rotating packed bed reactor in our lab. The basic principles of preparing nano powders with a rotating packed bed reactor were described in refer-ence[12].Experimental processFive gram of nano zinc oxide powder and0.015g of polyacrylic acid5100sodium salt were added to 200mL of ethanol and dispersed mechanically for12h with600rpm in a70°C water bath.The ethanol solution containing0.18mol/L of tetrabutyl titanate and0.09mol/L of diethanolamine was prepared in a three-neckedflask by stirring for30min in a60°C water bath.After the as-prepared nano zinc oxide suspension was added into theflask,30mL of a mix-ture of distilled water and alcohol with a1:2volume ratio was added dropwisely at a rate of0.00025L/min by peristaltic pump,then stirred for another2h in a 60°C water bath.The whole process was protected by N2gas.After being separated by a centrifuge,the cakes were dried at80°C in vacuum for6h and calcined at 600°C for4h to get the composite particles.The characterizationsThe absorbencies of powders and phenol aqueous solutions were measured by a UV-2501PC Ultraviolet and Visible Light Spectrophotometer(Japan).A HITACHI-800Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)was used to characterize the morphologies and sizes of particles.An XRD-600X-Ray Diffractmeter (XRD,Japan)was applied to characterize the crystal phase and compositions of powders.A Nicolet60SXB Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometer(IR)was employed to characterize the compositions of powders.A MICROLB-MKII X-ray Photoelectron Spectrome-ter(XPS)was used to characterize the bonding states and compositions of surface atoms.The investigations of particles photo catalysis ability were performed in a self-made setup with an ultravi-olet lamp as the light source,and phenol as the degraded target.The absorbencies of phenol aqueous solutions with different known concentrations were measured to get the function relationship between absorbency and phenol concentration.One gram of powder was dispersed into100mL of phenol solution with known concentrations and radi-ated by ultraviolet lamp for6h at60°C.The samples were taken in1-h intervals and separated by a centri-fuge;the absorbencies of the supernates were mea-sured.The phenol concentrations from different degradation times were calculated according to the as-obtained function relationship.Accordingly,the degradation rates in different degradation times can be obtained.Results and discussionsThe functions of diethanolamine during the preparation of composite particlesThe surface coatings may be formed either by surface nucleation and growth that create a uniform and dense film or by coagulation of pre-formed coating material with the core particles that creates incompactfilm.The relationship of free energies for hetero-phase surface nucleation(D GÃh)and homo-phase particle nucleation(D GÃr)are as follows[13]:D GÃh¼fðhÞD GÃrð1Þwhere fðhÞis related to the contact angle between new phase and nucleating matrix.Generally,fðhÞ1;and hetero-phase surface nucleation is easier than homo-phase particle nucleation.In order to achieve ahomogenous coating of one substance on another substance,the reaction rate usually needs to be con-trolled.Because nano zinc oxide is an amphoteric substance, the pH value during coating must be strictly controlled. Accordingly,the TBT was selected as the precursor of titanium dioxide and coating was conducted in an ethanol medium.Generally,the reaction for the hydrolysis of TBT to create titanium dioxide is very quick.In order for titanium dioxide to be coated on the surface of nano zinc oxide in the form of surface nucleation,the hydrolysis rate of TBT must be retarded.If no DEA is added in the system,the main reaction to form TiO2is expressed as Eq.2;while adding DEA, the main reaction is altered to Eq.3.TiðOC4H9Þ4þn H2O!TiðOC4H9Þ4ÀnÁðOHÞnþn C4H9OHð2ÞTiðOC4H9Þ4þn HOC2H4NHC2H4OH!TiðOC4H9Þ4ÀnðOC2H4NHC2H4OHÞnþn C4H9OHð3Þwhere1£n£4.Due to the molecular size of DEA the hydrolysis rate of TBT is reduced which increases the probability of surface nucleation coating.Figure1 shows the XRD patterns of composite particles in different molar ratios of DEA and TBT and the posi-tions of main X-ray characteristic peaks of ZnTiO3and ZnO.It can be seen from Fig.1that there were ZnTiO3diffraction peaks in composite particles when the ratio was0.5;as the ratio increased,the ZnTiO3diffraction peaks weakened,showing the important function of DEA in reducing the reaction rate.The morphologies and structure of the composite particlesFigure2is the TEM photographs of nano zinc oxide and composite particles.The sizes of nano zinc oxide are approximately40–60nm.After being coated,the sizes of composite particles are approximately 60–90nm and the thickness of the coated layer is approximately20–30nm.Because the zinc atomic number is larger than that of titanium,the TEM pho-tograph shows that the cores color is darker than that of shells;a layer offilm coated on the surface of nano zinc oxide is illuminated.As demonstrated by the XRD patterns in Fig.1, nano zinc oxide is hexagonal crystal phase.There are diffraction peaks of ZnTiO3besides zinc oxide dif-fraction peaks in XRD patterns of composite particles. For the formation of ZnTiO3,there are two mecha-nisms:(1)nano zinc oxide particles and nano titanium dioxide particles created from the hydrolysis of tetr-abutyl titanate react to produce ZnTiO3at high tem-peratures;(2)titanium dioxide hydrates are coated on the surfaces of zinc oxide,and then the interface reactions take place to create ZnTiO3.Seen from the TEM picture of composite particles,the later mecha-nism is closer to the reality.The surface characteristics of composite particles Table1shows the XPS results of nano zinc oxide and composite pared with the nano zincoxide,the number of zinc atoms,oxygen atoms and hydroxide groups are reduced significantly except the titanium atoms in the composite particles.Moreover,the chemical shift of oxygen increases relative to those in nano zinc oxide.And the chemical shift of titanium atoms also enhances in comparison with that in tita-nium dioxide.Figure 3shows the FT-IR spectrums of nano zinc oxide and composite particles.There are distinctdifferences between that of nano zinc oxide and com-posite particles;the pattern of composite particles is also different from that of the IR standard pattern of nano titanium dioxide.It can be concluded that there is new substance created in the composite particles in com-parison with nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide.During the preparation of composite particles,the following processes may take place:Firstly,titanium dioxide hydrates are deposited on the surfaces of zinc oxide,where many hydroxide groups exist;secondly,on the interfaces of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide hy-drates,condensation reactions between OH groups take place to produce ZnTiO 3during the drying and calcining.Because most of titanium dioxide hydrates are deposited on the surfaces of zinc oxide and trans-formed to ZnTiO 3,no obvious diffraction peaks of titanium dioxide appear on the XRD pattern of com-posite particles.The reactions of parts of the Zn–OH and Ti–OH bonds to produce Zn–O–Ti bonds make the increases of chemical shifts for oxygen and titanium.The properties of composite particlesThe ultraviolet absorptions of composite particles Figure 4shows the ultraviolet absorption curves of nano zinc oxide before coating,TiO 2-80andZnO-80Fig.2TEM micrographs:(a )nano zinc oxide;(b )composite particlesTable 1The analyzing results of XPSSamples Element Chemical Shifts Shift Changes Peak Areas Ratios of relative atom contents RemarksZinc oxide Zn 1021.330448898.58Zn:O =1:1.56O1s 530.06046583.76Zn–O 531.29054229.45OH Composite particlesO1s529.88)0.1238382Zn:O:Ti =1:1.66:0.29Zn–O 531.340.059387.53OH532.26 2.29633.46Zn–O reacting with TiO2Zn 1021.31)0.02239734.47Ti458.41016140.22Ti–O of TiO2460.311.91708.86Ti–O reacting with ZnOwhose average diameters are close to composite par-ticles and composite particles powders.It can be seen from Fig.4that the ultraviolet absorption capability of composite particles is closer to that of nano zinc oxide with approximate average size,but weaker than that of nano zinc oxide before coating.The curve shape for composite particles is similar to that of nano zinc oxide but totally different from that of nano titanium dioxide.The absorption capability of com-posite particles is corresponded to that of nano tita-nium dioxide with close size in the wavelength bands of less than260nm.The absorption capability is stronger than that of nano titanium dioxide with close size in the wavelength bands between260–380nm. The light absorption scope of composite particles is enlarged when compared to nano titanium dioxide due to the existence of ZnTiO3film that modifies the optical absorption edge[14].The photo catalysis properties of composite particles Figure5shows the results of photo degrading phenol for nano zinc oxide before coating,TiO2-80whose average diameter is close to that of composite particles, mixing particles of nano zinc oxide before coating and TiO2-20,whose compositions are close to composite particles,ZnO-80whose average diameter is close to composite particles,and composite particles.The capability for composite particles to degrade phenol is greatly improved in comparison with that of the mixed particles,ZnO-80,TiO2-80and nano zinc oxide before coating,showing that the composite particles are not simple mixture of the two substances and can sub-stitute for TiO2and ZnO with close average sizes to be applied to the prevention of environmental organic pared to the mixed particles,the nano ZnTiO3films coated on the surfaces of nano ZnO may take effect on enhancing photo catalysis capability. The reductions of capabilities for nano ZnO to degrade phenol along with the sizes increase are caused by different surface activities.The photo degrading capability of nano TiO2is stronger than that of nano ZnO with close average sizes because of different surface structures and components.ConclusionsIn this paper,the composite particles of nano zinc oxide coated with titanium dioxide were prepared.The nano zinc oxide and composite particles were charac-terized by TEM,XPS,FT-IR,XRD.The powders absorption capabilities of ultraviolet and visible light, and the photo-catalysis degrading capabilities of phe-nol for composite particles,nano zinc oxide,and nano titanium dioxide were investigated.The following conclusions were obtained:(1)Tetrabutyl titanate(TBT)was hydrolyzed in an alcoholic suspension of nano zinc oxide with dietha-nolamine(DEA)as an additive,resulting in afilm with a thickness of20–30nm being coated on the surface ofnano zinc oxide after drying and calcinations,and the created composite particles contained ZnTiO3.(2)The capability of photo-catalysis degrading phenol for composite particles is better than nano zinc oxide before coating,mixed particles whose composition is close to composite particles,nano ZnO and TiO2with close average sizes.The light absorption scope of composite particles is enlarged as compared with nano titanium dioxide.Acknowledgements This work wasfinancially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.20236020, 20325621),the National R&D Program of China(No. 2001BA310A01)and Beijing Municipal Commission of Educa-tion(No.JD100100403).References1.Cornell RM,Posner AM,Quirk JP(1980)J Chem TechnolBio-technol30:1872.Frank AJ,Willner I,Goren Z,Degani Y(1987)J Am ChemSoc109:35683.Fabre JP,Boyer F,Msika P(1999)US patent59390544.Kogoi H,Yamaya H,Tanaka J(2002)US patent63350025.Dindar B,Icli S(2001)J Photochem Photobiol A140:2636.Kandavelu V,Kastien H,Thampi KR(2004)Appl Catal B48:1017.Rabindranathan S,Devipriya S,Yesodharan S(2003)J Hazard Mater B102:2178.Carlos AKG,Fernando W,Sandra GM(2000)Chemosphere40:4339.Kakumoto N,Mori T(1996)WO patent963044910.Adachi K,Oyama K,Kondo T(1997)JP patent9-04088411.Ocafia M,Hsu WP,Matijevic E(1991)Langmuir7:291112.Chen J,Wang Y,Guo F,Wang X,Zheng C(2000)Ind EngChem Res39:94813.Cui AL,Wang JT,Jin Y(2001)Chem J Chinese Univ21:154314.Oyoshi K,Sumi N,Umezu I,Souda R,Yamazaki A,Haneda H,Mitsuhashi T(2000)Nucl Instr Meth Phys Res B168:221。
