寒假作业2

初一英语寒假作业（二）一、完形填空One day a rich man met Tom. The rich man asked, “I hear you are very clever and 1. ________ is difficult for you. Can you tell me why you are so clever?”Tom answered with 2. __________. “ I’m not clever, instead, you are too foolish （愚蠢的）.” The rich man became 3. __________.Tom said, “Sir, please 4.__________ unhappy, if you don't agree with 5. __________ I said, let me 6. __________ you a very easy question—If you have a group of sheep, I send you 7. __________ group. Then, how many groups of sheep do you have?” “Why, that's the easiest question in the world. One and？one is two, 8. _______knows it, I have two groups of sheep, of course.”Tom laughed and laughed, “You are quite 9. __________, sir. Putting two groups together, it is still one group. That's the 10. _________ question in the world, isn't it?”( ) 1. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ( ) 2. A. smile B. smiles C. smiling D. a smile( ) 3. A. happy B. sad C. unhappy D. sorry( ) 4. A. don't B. don't be C. not D. isn't( ) 5. A.what B. which C. how D. who( ) 6. A. say B. speak C. ask D. tell( ) 7. A. other B. the other C. one D. another( ) 8. A. People B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Nobody( ) 9. A. right B. wrong C. difficult D. clever( )10. A. more difficult B. easier C. most difficult D. easiest二．阅读理解(A)In India, there was a town called Boring. The people there never laughed. They didn't know how to laugh. The children there didn't play in the day. In the evening, they didn't watch TV. All they wanted was marks, marks and more marks. Life wasreally boring for them.One day, an old Grandma came to the town. It was her first time to visit herEkta wasn't happy. She only thought about her history marks.Grandma wanted to find some ways to make the town interesting. She took the children out of the school and taught them to play games. She also asked the children to show their happiness by laughing. Later, the children knew that life wasn't only about marks.( ) 1. What did the children probably do in the evening？A. They played with each other.B. They watched TV.C. They played computer games.D. They did their homework.( ) 2. What did Grandma teach the children to do？A. To play games.B. To study happily.C. To study well.D. To read more books.( ) 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？A. Ekta was a visitor to Boring.B. Ekta didn't like to study history.C. Gajar ka halwa is a kind of dessert.D. Life was interesting for the peoplein Boring.( ) 4. The text tells us that.A. studying should come firstB. life isn't only about marksC. children should laugh every dayD. playing games is good forchildren（B）We all know that cola is bad for our health. It is sweet because it has too much sugar in it. Too much sugar can let you get fat. Drinking one bottle of cola each day can make you put on fifteen pounds each year. And because the sugar in cola can makeAnd cola is bad for your teeth and bones.So fewer people drink cola now. But energy drinks（运动饮料）become more andmore popular.Energy drinks look cool. Their makers say they give you energy and make you better at sports. So, many students drink them before exams to help them stay awake. But in fact, it has a lot of caffeine. If you drink a lot of them, your heart will beat faster. You will feel uncomfortable. The energy you get from the drinks helps for only a short time. You may feel good for an hour or so, but then you'll feel worse than before.( ) 5. The underlined phrase "put on" in the second line is very close to “”.A. loseB. getC. takeD. put( ) 6. According to the passage, we'll if we drink much cola.A. feel fullB. do better at sportsC. eat less healthy foodD. bothA&C( ) 7. Many students drink energy drinks before exams because it can.A. make you better at sportsB. make them comfortableC. help their hearts beat fasterD. help them stay awake( ) 8. From the passage, we know that.A.energy drinks has caffeineB. Cola is bad for your feet and bonesC. you'll feel comfortable if your heart beats fasterD. you’ll feel worse if you drink cola(C)Now I'm in my second year at art schoolfuture. I have big plans and I ' d like to tell you a little about them.My first plan is about my holiday. I am going to visit my brother, who is working in Malaysia. My parents and I are going to spend Thanksgiving with him. I am very excited about it.When I come back, I need to make a final decision about which course I amgoing to study next year. I am still not suregardens. If I choose gardening, I'd like to work with my friend, Jasper. He is talentedin gardens and we worked together before. In fact, it was great fun and we got on withIn five or ten years' time I would like to have my own business（生意）and work for myself like my father. He has his own building business. I'll probably take a business course after I finish art school.Besides, I hope to marry and have children before I'm 30, but I can't plan when I'll meet the right person and I don't have a boyfriend now.In my dreams I see myself at 40 running a successful gardening company. I'll design beautiful gardens for beautiful people. I'll have a beautiful house with a swimming pool, two beautiful children, and of course a husband who is as successful as I am. Who knows, it could even be Jasper.( ) 9. What is this passage mainly about?A. The writer's dream.B. The writer's family.C. The writer's School.D. The writer's experience.( ) 10. Where is the writer's brother now?A. In Russia.B. In Canada.C. In Japan.D. In Malaysia. ( ) 11. What does the underlined word " It " refer to in Paragraph 3 ?A. Having her own business and working for herself.B. Studying both clothes design and garden design.C. Choosing one from clothes design and garden design.D. Thinking of a new way to design clothes and garden.( ) 12. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The writer already has a boyfriend named Jasper.B. The writer thinks it is enjoyable to work with Jasper.C. The writer expects to have children when she is forty.D. The writer hopes to work for her father in the future.(D)We throw away rubbish almost every day. Do you know where it goes？Most of it goes into the sea. There are five large rubbish patches（垃圾带）in the sea. The largest one is the Great Pacific Rubbish Patch. Scientists are saying that the patch isgetting even bigger than before.The patch is in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii. It is quite large. According to LiveScience, it has an area of l.6 million square kilometers. That is about 100 times bigger than Beijing.Most of the rubbish is plastic（塑料）, including bottles, bags and fishing nets. According to Fox News, there are about 79, 000 tons （吨）of plastic in the patch. That's about 250 pieces of plastic for every person on Earth. Is one of those pieces from you？This plastic can harm sea animals and pollute the water. Scientists are trying different ways to clean up rubbish in the sea. But the most important thingis to stop rubbish from going into the sea in the first place.Where is sea rubbish from?●People throw their rubbish directly （直接地）into the ocean.●Wind can blow rubbish into the ocean.●Rain can wash the rubbish into river. Then, the rivers carry the rubbish to theocean.( ) 13. What does the underlined word "pollute" mean in Chinese in the fourth paragraph？A. 污染B.受伤C.分解D. 危害( ) 14. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that.A. throwing rubbish into the sea is the best way to get rid of （处理）it.B. there are six large rubbish patches in the sea.C. the largest rubbish patch is in the Pacific Ocean.D. the Pacific Ocean is getting bigger and bigger.( ) 15. Which of the following is NOT true about the Great Pacific Rubbish Patch?A. It has an area of l. 6 million square kilometers.B. It is 100 times larger than Beijing.C. It contains about 79, 000 tons of plastic.D. It receives 250 new pieces of plastic every day.( ) 16. Why should we stop throwing rubbish into the sea in Paragraph 4?a. It pollutes the water.b. It is bad for sea animals.c. It is difficult to clean up.d. We can't reuse rubbish if it is in the sea.A. abcB. abdC. acdD. bcd三.词汇应用1.﹣What are your favorite _________________（动物）?2._______ ________（起先）,he felt sad, but later he was much better.3.The Great Wall is one of the _________________ (标志) of China.4.The _________________ (漂亮的) girl is crying.5.Every year people(砍断) many trees.6.Elephants are in great _________________ (危险).7.This table is_________________ (制成) of good wood.8.We should _________________ (睡) for 8 hours a day.9._________________ (考拉) are my favorite animals.10.Thanks for _______________(拯救) my life.11.When winter comes, some birds fly to the ______________ (南方).12.He spent his holiday in _________________ (泰国) last year.place, friend, forget, kill, lose13. He is very _________________ to others, so he has many friends there.14. If you want to visit the city, you'd better take a map, or you can get ___________.15. Mary always ________ to lock （锁上）the door when she leaves the classroom.16. I can remember the _____________ with a lot of cute animals.17. The boy loves dogs so he doesn't want people ________ them for their meat.四．语法填空When a small boy and his father 1.___________（walk）in the countryside, it suddenly began to rain动词2. _____________（heavy）. They didn't have umbrellas 3. _____________ them and there was no place to hide，4.______________they were wet soon．The small boy felt sad. While they were walking home through the rain, the boy 5. _____________（think）. Then 6.___________last，he turned to his father and asked, “Why does it rain，Father? It is not very nice,7. ______________ （be）it?” “No，it isn't very nice，but it's very 8.___________(use),” said his father. “It rains 9. ____________（make）the fruit and vegetables grow for us.” The boy thought about this for a moment and then said, “Then, 10. ______________does it rain on the road too, Father?”五．任务型阅读五位学生有各自想去的学校，下面是学校的简介，请为五位学生选择一个合适的学校。

xi ǎo p éng y ǒu ，y ú ku ài de h án ji à sh ēng hu ó k āi sh ǐ l ā，? 小朋友，愉快的寒假生活开始啦，bi é w àng le zu ò g èài xu é x í de h ǎo h ái zi y ō别忘了做个爱学习的好孩子哟！第一部分汉语拼音a o e i uü一、按àｎ发f ā音y īｎ的de 口k ǒｕ型x ín ɡ，从c ón ɡ大d à到d àｏ小xi ǎ的de 顺sh ùｎ序x ù排p áｉ列li è。

ɑü i o e u三、我w ǒ会hu ì分f ēｎ类l èｉ。

óǚùéūíěǎǐēúǜ一y ī声sh ēn ɡ：＿二èｒ声sh ēn ɡ：＿＿三s āｎ声sh ēn ɡ：＿四s ì声sh ēn ɡ：四、根ɡēｎ据j ù儿éｒ歌ɡē填ti áｎ上sh àn ɡ单d āｎ韵y ùｎ母m ǔ。

一y ī件ji àｎ衣y ī服fu_____,乌w ū鸦y ā做zu ò窝w ō____。

鱼y ú吐t ǔ泡p àｏ泡p ɑｏ_____,牢l áｏ牢l áｏ记j ì住zh ùi u ü。

d t n lɡ k h一、找zh ǎｏ出ch ū藏c án ɡ在z àｉ图t ú画hu à中zh ōn ɡ的de 字z ì母m ǔ。

4＋1＝6＋2＝1＋9＝7＋2＝9＋7－7＝7＋3＝1＋6＝7－2＝2＋8＝3＋2＋4＝9＋2＝9＋3＝8＋5＝6－1＝10－6－4＝14－8＝9－6＝8＋5＝9－2＝6－0＋2＝15－2＝2＋1＝18－0＝15－7＝18－4－1＝二、我会填。

1、正方体的每个面都是（）。

2、填一填。

9＋（）＝10 （）＋6＝8 0＋（）＝10 （）＋7＝7 4＋（）＝12 2＋（）＝143、钟面上有（）个数，（）个大格。

又细又长的是（）针，又短又粗的是（）针。

分针指向（），时针指向（），就是2时。

4、在○里填上“>”、“< ”或“=”。

18-5○12 7＋6○8＋1 3＋0○104○17－28＋6○98＋10○9三、应用题。

1、树上有2只小鸟，又飞来6只，一共有多少只小鸟？2、车上原来有7人，到站后从前门上车6人，从后门下车8人，现在车上有多少人？4＋2＝7＋4＝2＋4＝7＋3＝5＋7－9＝5＋4＝2＋9＝8－1＝7＋3＝4＋2＋2＝5＋6＝5＋1＝7＋2＝9－5＝18－3－3＝9－4＝8－2＝2＋1＝12－7＝2－0＋3＝11－1＝2＋5＝19－7＝11－7＝13－4－2＝二、我会填。

1、被减数是19，减数是5，列式是（），差是（）。

2、填一填。

9＋（）＝10 （）＋3＝8 7＋（）＝10 （）＋1＝7 7＋（）＝12 14＋（）＝143、一个加数是7，另一个加数是4，和是（）。

4、在○里填上“>”、“< ”或“=”。

18-5○12 8＋8○9＋4 3＋4○107○13－91＋6○168＋7○15三、应用题。

1、合唱队有男生8人，女生比男生多8人，合唱队有女生多少人？2、一盒笔有12支，拿走了一些后,还剩1支，拿走了几只？4＋3＝8＋3＝5＋7＝7＋8＝9＋6－6＝8＋8＝9＋8＝5－4＝6＋3＝3＋1＋1＝8＋1＝5＋3＝6＋5＝9－2＝14－3－3＝9－1＝11－3＝3＋9＝8－4＝14－8＋9＝11－11＝4＋1＝15－1＝12－6＝13－3－4＝二、我会填。

部编版九年级上册语文寒假作业21.下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A.著名作家吴伯箫的籍贯是山东莱芜人，他的散文大多以小见大，善于从平凡中挖掘出深刻的内涵。

B.党的十九大会议上，众代表积极讨论并认真听取了李克强总理作的政府工作报告。

C.通过《经典咏流传》节目的播出，让观众在一众唱作歌手的演绎中领略诗词之美。

D.莲花台风景区成为我省继崆峒山、麦积山、敦煌鸣沙山风景区后第四个国家级风景名胜区。

2.下列句中没有语病的一项是（）A.中国不仅是“一带一路”建设的倡议者，更是负责任的参与者、有担当的行动者。

B.通过参加这次活动，使我对中国博大精深的书法艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣。

C.《红海行动》在影片质感和人物情节方面突破了一大步的跨越。

D.防止校车安全事故不再发生是个系统工程，需要多方面、多领域齐心协力完成。

3.下列句子中，没有语病的一项是（）A.《奔跑吧，兄弟》综艺节目深受欢迎的主要原因是其形式新颖、内容丰富造成的。

B.读书切忌不能偷懒，只有勤奋好学，脚踏实地，才能获取知识。

C.经探索发现，火星上不仅有四季、大气和重力，还有水、冰、河道的痕迹。

D.这次大赛掀起了我校同学们书写汉字，激发了他们对汉字、书法等传统文化的兴趣。

4.下列句子没有语病的一项是（）A.感动中国人物钱伟长不仅是当代科技工作者的典范，乐于帮助其他人，因此我们要向他学习。

B.“最美妈妈”吴菊萍，奋不顾身托住小生命，是近年来涌现出的英雄模范人物之一。

C.日本能否在短时间内消除核泄漏带来的严重污染，依赖于科学技术及政府的重视。

D.通过音乐名人高晓松案醉驾入刑的宣判执行，使酒后驾车的人越来越少了。

5.下列各句中有语病的一项是（）A.我并不是否认你学习的进步，而是说你应该制定更合理的学习计划。

B.通过自我风采展示活动，同学们了解了你，你对自己和同学也有了更深入的认识。

C.在中华文明悠久的历史中，爱国主义精神一直是中华民族得以发展、生存和凝聚的动力。

D.优化能源结构是推动我国能源革命的本质要求和经济社会转型发展的迫切需要。

寒假作业（2）一、单选题1.—_____is your mum?—She is fine. Thank you.A. WhereB. HowC. WhatD. Who2.—Is her name Kate?—_____.A. Yes, she isB. No, she isn'tC. Yes, it'sD. No, it isn't3.I have _____ eraser and five _____ in my pencil box.A. a; pencilsB. a; pencilC. an; pencilsD. an; pencil4.—_____ that an English girl?—_____, she's a Chinese girl.A. Is; YesB. Is; NoC. Are; NoD. Are; Yes5.—Sandy, is Mr. Li in the teachers' office now?—I am not sure. He _____ be there.A. mustB. can'tC. mustn'tD. may6.The students do experiments(实验) in the _____. They learn a lot there.A. playgroundB. labC. libraryD. office7.The boy is from _____. He's _____.A. Chinese; ChinaB. China; ChineseC. Chinese; ChineseD. China; China8.—______ going shopping tomorrow?—Good idea.A.How aboutB.WhatC. What'sD.How9.Six and four is _______.A. nineB.tenC. elevenD. twelve10.—Sally, what about going to the classroom?—_________.A. You're welcomeB. Nice to meet youC. Have a good dayD. That sounds good二、连词成句1.is, classmate, my, Nick______________________________________.2.to, welcome, class, our______________________________________3.she, from, is, Japan, not______________________________________4.very, thank, much, you______________________________________!5.from, are, Shanghai, you____________________________________________?三、完形填空Hello! 1 name is Li Ying. I'm twelve. I'm from Kunming. Now I'm in Beijing No.14 Middle School. I'm 2 Class Five, Grade Seven. Miss Gao 3 my English teacher. She is 4 old teacher. I have a pen, a ruler and two 5 in my pencil box. Liu Ping is in Grade Seven, too. 6 is from Guangzhou. She is my good 7 . We are in 8 same class. Now she can 9 English well. I think she is a good girl. Look! 10 is that? She is Liu Ping.1.A.I B.My C.Your D.Me2.A.from B.to C.not D.in3.A.is B.are C.am D.be4.A.a B.an C.good D./5.A.buses B.desks C.schoolbags D.pencils6.A.He B.His C.She D.Her7.A. friend B. teacher C. student D.mom8.A.these B.the C.an D.a9.A. spell B. speak C.help D.see10.A. How B.What C.Where D.Who四、阅读理解Tom and Tony are classmates. Tom is 12 and Tony is 13 years old. They are in Class 3, Grade 7 in No.33 Middle School.One day, they can't write their names well. Their English teacher Mr. Green is angry(生气的) with them. He asks them to write their names a hundred times(一百遍). Tony cries(哭). The teacher says, "Why are you crying?"Tony says, "Tom's name is Tom Hill. He can finish writing his name1.How old is Tom?A.10.B.11.C.12.D.13.2.Which class is Tony in?A.Class One.B.Class Two.C.Class Three.D.Class Seven.3.Why is their English teacher angry with them?A.They are late for class.B.They can't do their homework.C.They can't write their names well.D.They can't read their names well.4.What does Tony do after Mr. Green asks him to write his name a hundred times?A.He is happy.B.He cries.C.He goes home.D.He writes well.A.I am slow.B.Tom is fast.C.His name is too long.D.But my name is too long.五、写作假如你是Peter,你很想用英文给你的网友Jack写一封信来介绍你的初中生活,请根据思维导图完成信件。

有一项是符合题目要求的）1.已知集合(){}|30M x x x =-<，{}|2N x x =<，则MN =( )A ．()0,2-B ．()2,0C ．()3,2D ．()3,2- 2．已知命题2:,210,p x R x ∀∈+>则（ ） A ．2:,210p x R x ⌝∃∈+≤ B ．2:,210p x R x ⌝∀∈+≤ C ．2:,210p x R x ⌝∃∈+<D ．2:,210p x R x ⌝∀∈+<3．向量a =（1，-2），b =（6，3），则a 与b 的夹角为( ) A ．60︒ B ．90︒ C ．120︒ D ．150︒ 4．在△ABC 中，角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c , 已知A =3π, a =3, b =1，则c = ( )A ．1B ．2C ．3—1D ．3 5．已知两条直线,m n ，两个平面,αβ，给出下面四个命题： ①//,m n m n αα⊥⇒⊥ ②//,,//m n m n αβαβ⊂⊂⇒ ③//,////m n m n αα⇒ ④//,//,m n m n αβαβ⊥⇒⊥其中正确命题的序号是( ) A ．①③ B ．②④ C ．①④ D ．②③6.函数)sin()(ϕω+=x x f (,0,02)x R ωϕπ∈>≤<的部分图象如图，则 （ ）A ．ω＝2π，ϕ＝4πB ．ω＝3π,ϕ＝6πC ．ω＝4π,ϕ＝4πD ．ω＝4π,ϕ＝45π131oy x7.三个学校分别有1名、2名、3 名学生获奖，这6名学生排成一排合影，要求同校的任两名学生不能相邻，那么不同的排法有( ) A ．36种B ．72种C ．108种D ．120种8．如图，设点P 为△ABC 内一点，且AP →= 25 AB → + 15AC → ，则△ABP 的面积与△ABC 的面积之比是（ ） A ．2：5 B . 1：5C . 1：4D . 1：39.已知{(,)|6,0,0}x y x y x y Ω=+≤≥≥，{(,)|4,0,20}A x y x y x y =≤≥-≥，若向区域Ω上随机投一点P ， 则点P 落入区域A 的概率为( ) A ．31 B ．32 C ．91 D ．92 10.已知双曲线12222=-y ax 的一条准线与抛物线x y 42-=的准线重合，则该双曲线的离心率为 （ ） A.22B.2C.2D.21二、填空题：本大题共7个小题，把答案填在题中横线上.11.若a =)1,8(-，b =)4,3(，则a 在b 方向上的投影是 ; 12．复数ii++12的共轭复数是 . 13.已知x 、y 满足y x z k y x x y x 420,305+=⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥++≤≥+-且的最小值为－6，则常数k= . 14．若)2,0(,135)4sin(πααπ∈=-且，则)4cos(2cos αα+值为 .15．如图，函数)(x f y =的图象在点P 处的切线方程是8+-=x y ，则)5()5(f f '+= .16．若1)2(33)(23++++=x a ax x x f 有极大值和极小值，则a 的取值 范围是____________17．下列程序执行后输出的结果是 . i =11 s=1 DO s=s* i i = i －1 LOOP UNTIL i <9 PRINTs END三、解答题：本大题共4小题，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或推演步骤.18.已知函数f(x)=2cosx(sinx-cosx)+1，x ∈R. (1)求函数f(x)的最小正周期T ； (2)求函数f(x)的单调增区间；(3)求函数f(x)在区间⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡43,8ππ上的最小值和最大值.19．已知函数)1(log )()()1(>==+a x f x g y x a与的图象关于原点对称.（1）写出)(x g y =的解析式；（2）若函数m x g x f x F ++=)()()(为奇函数，试确定实数m 的值； （3）当)1,0[∈x 时，总有n x g x f ≥+)()(成立，求实数n 的取值范围.21.如图，在正方体1111D C B A ABCD -中，E 、F 分别是BB 1的中点． （１）证明F D AD 1⊥； （２）求AE 与F D 1所成的角； （３）证明：面⊥AED 面11FD AA 1寒假作业3答案一、选择题1-5 BABBC 6-10 CDBDB二、填空题11.-4 12.2123+i 13.0 14．132415．211 16.12-<>a a 或 17.990 三、解答题18(1)T=π (2))(83,8Z k k k ∈⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡++-ππππ(3)最小值-1…，最大值2…19．解：（1）设M （x ，y ）是函数)(x g y =图象上任意一点， 则M （x ，y ）关于原点的对称点为N （－x ，－y ）N 在函数)1(log )(+=x x f a 的图象上，)1(log +-=-∴x y a)1(log x y a --=∴ （2）m x F x ax a+-=-+)1()1(log log )( 为奇函数.mm x F x F x ax ax ax a-+-=+-∴-=-∴-++-)1()1()1()1(log log log log )()(00log log log 211111=∴==+=∴+--+m m a xx a xxa（3）由n n x g x f xx a ≥≥+-+11log ,)()(得设)1,0[,11log )(∈-+=x x xa x Q ，即可只要由题意知n ≥min Q(x),,)121(log )(xax F -+-= 在[0，1)上是增函数.0)0()(min ==∴Q x Q 即0≤n 即为所求.20.解：(I)将事件“第一次、第三次均抽到白球”记作A ，则P (A ) = 16 ⨯16 =136A1(II)设 ξ 是三次抽取中抽到白球的次数，则 ξ~ B (3,16 )ξ 的分布列为E ξ = 3·P (A ) = 3·16 = 1221.（1）证明：因为AC 1是正方体，所以AD ⊥面DC 1。

寒假作业（2）物质的分类一、单选题1.下列说法不正确的是()①只含有一种元素的物质一定是纯净物②生石灰做干燥剂涉及化学变化③酸性氧化物都能与水反应生成酸④碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物⑤用鸡蛋壳膜和蒸馏水除去淀粉胶体中的食盐不涉及化学变化⑥两种盐反应一定生成两种新盐A. ①③⑥B. ①②③④⑤C. ②④⑥D. ②④⑤2.下图所表示的一些物质或概念间的从属关系不正确的是()A. AB. BC. CD. D3.下列分类或归类正确的是①液氯、氨水、干冰、碘化银均为纯净物②CaCl2、NaOH、HCl、IBr均为化合物③明矾、水银、烧碱、硫酸均为电解质④火碱、纯碱、碳酸钙都是电解质⑤碘酒、淀粉、水雾、纳米材料均为胶体A. ①③④B. ②③C. ②④D. ②③④⑤4.下列有关分类的说法正确的是()A. 胶体的本质特征是具有丁达尔效应B. 阳离子、阴离子中均分别只含有一种元素，则由这样的阴、阳离子组成的物质一定是纯净物C. 白磷转化为红磷是物理变化D. 碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物，酸性氧化物不一定是非金属氧化物5.下列说法不正确的是()①只含有一种元素的物质一定是纯净物②生石灰做干燥剂涉及化学变化③酸性氧化物都能与水反应生成酸④碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物⑤用鸡蛋壳膜和蒸馏水除去淀粉胶体中的食盐不涉及化学变化⑥两种盐反应一定生成两种新盐A. ①③⑥B. ①②③④⑤C. ②④⑥D. ②④⑤6.分类法在化学学科的发展中起到了非常重要的作用，下列分类标准合理的是()A. 根据是否具有丁达尔效应，将分散系分为溶液、浊液和胶体B. 依据分子组成中是否含有氧元素，将酸分为含氧酸和无氧酸C. 根据水溶液是否能够导电，将物质分为电解质和非电解质D. 依据组成元素的种类，将物质分为单质和化合物7.下列说法正确的是()①Na2O、Fe2O3、Al2O3属于碱性氧化物，CO2、SiO2、NO2都能和碱溶液发生反应属于酸性氧化物②碳酸钠、氢氧化钡、氯化铵、过氧化钠都属于离子化合物③混合物：漂白粉、水玻璃、Fe(OH)3胶体、冰水混合物④醋酸、烧碱、纯碱和生石灰分别属于酸、碱、盐和氧化物⑤硅导电，铝在浓硫酸中钝化均属于物理变化⑥盐酸属于混合物，而液氯、冰醋酸均属于纯净物。

沭阳银河学校初三化学寒假作业（2） 1．科学家用单个分子制成了“纳米车”(如右图)，它能在人工操纵下运输药物分子到病源处释放以杀死癌细胞。

下列有关“纳米车”的说法正确的是 （ ）A ．“纳米车”的研制成功说明分子要在人为外力作用下才能运动B ．“纳米车”分子不是由原子构成的C ．“纳米车”运输药物分子的过程是肉眼可以直接看见的D ．“纳米车”研制成功说明在一定条件下人可以控制分子运动 2．下列对相应现象或事实的解释不正确的是 （ ）选项 现象或事实 解释A 金刚石和石墨的性质差异较大 两者的原子排列方式不同B 酒香不怕巷子深 分子不断的运动C 温度计中的水银(汞)热胀冷缩 原子的大小发生改变D 用于冰进行人工降雨；用铜制作导线都是利用物质的物理性质 3．下列叙述中，正确的是 ( )A ．溶质和溶剂化合而成的化合物叫溶液B ．溶液是无色透明、均一、稳定的混合物C ．冰和水混合在一起，冰是溶质，水是溶剂D ．油脂溶解在汽油中，油脂是溶质，汽油是溶剂4.把下列物质分别放入适量水中并充分搅拌后，不可能得到溶液的是 （ ）A 、植物油B 、食盐C 、纯碱D 、蔗糖5．下列清洗方法中有乳化现象的是 （ ）A 、用自来水洗手B 、用汽油清洗油污C 、用洗涤剂清洗餐具D 、用盐酸洗涤水垢6．灾区人民解决用水困难的一个应急办法，是将浑浊的河水直接静置（或投入沉淀剂静置）后过滤。

若在化学实验室进行过滤操作，下列仪器不需要的是 （ ）7．催化转换器”可将汽车尾气中有毒气体处理为无毒气体。

下图为该反应的微观示意图，其中不同的球代表不同种原子。

下列说法中，不正确的是 （ ）反应物分子种类 生成物分子种类A ．分子在化学变化中可分B ．此反应一定有单质生成C ．原子在化学变化中不可分D ．反应物中的两种分子和生成物中的两种分子的个数均为1 8．比较推理是学习中常用的思维方法。

下列有关物质的比较推理中，正确的是 （ ） 2.2号前完成+11 8 2 +17 8 2 722 Ti 钛 47.87 甲 乙 丙 A.稀硫酸和盐酸是不同的酸，所以化学性质完全不同B. CO 和CO 2的分子不同，所以化学性质不同C. NaCl 和NaNO 2都是有咸味的盐，所以都可做调味品D. H 2O 和H 2O 2组成元素种类相同，所以化学性质相同9.下列各项与自来水的净化过程无关．．的是 （ ） A.吸附 B.沉降 C.电解 D.消毒10．人们在高山上煮鸡蛋时,常在水中加一些食盐以使鸡蛋快些煮熟,这是由于固体溶于水,往往使溶液的A ．密度变小B ．凝固点下降C ．沸点升高D ．沸点降低 （ ）11．右图所示的是某化学反应前后粒子数目和种类的变化情况，该反应的反应类型是（ ）A.化合反应B.置换反应C.分解反应D.复分解反应12．与元素化学性质密切相关的是 ( )A.质子数B.核外电子数C.电子层数D.最外层电子数13．下列四种粒子的结构示意图中，说法正确的是 （ ）① ② ③ ④ A ．它们表示四种不同的元素 B ．②表示的元素在化合物中通常显+2价C ．①③④表示的元素都是非金属元素D ．①④表示的是阳离子14．以下符号书写正确的是 （ ）A ．一个二氧化碳分子：CO 2 B.两个氮分子：2N 2C.三个氢原子：H 3D.正二价的镁元素：Mg 2+15．法国科学家发现一种只由四个中子构成的粒子，这种粒子称为“四中子”，也称为“零号元素”，它与天体中的中子星构成类似。