初中英语完形填空题及其解决方法

初中英语完形填空题及其解决方法“完形填空（CLOZE TEST）”是初中英语试题中固定而重要的题型。

它是一种障碍性的测试题。

在一定程度上考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力。

这种题型归纳起来有如下特点：1．在整份试卷中所占的分值较重，占10—15％，长度一般在130—200个单词左右。

2．降低了对单词本身的考查要求，重点考查考生对短文的整体理解，上下文的段落衔接，情理分析及推理判断能力。

3．针对初中学生的实际水平，一般采用故事体，尽量避免专业性太强的文章或论文体。

近年来出现了以意义选择为主、语法选择逐渐减少的趋势。

“完形填空”有多种形式，但它在基本设计原则上都是一致的。

形式都是从短文中抽去若干词，让考生根据上下文填入适当的词，为了有助于考生填入适当的词，可以提供四个答案（其中包括一个正确答案），让考生选出正确的答案；也可以给出单词首字母完形填空，或者给出字母及单词长度（由几个字母组成）；也可以不给考生提供任何线索，完全凭借考生对文章的理解和现有的语言能力完成。

最常见的还是选择型的“完形填空”。

“抽词法”可以是有针对性地抽，也可以是随机地抽。

但目前比较流行的是对文章理解能力的考查，而不是单纯对语法结构的考查。

“完形填空”要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在关系，选出适当的词填上，使文章完整与通顺。

完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及短语动词；名词和介词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。

考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。

难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。

“完形填空”旨在测试考生的综合应用语言能力。

因此，要做好“完形填空”，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等语法知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。

传统的完形填空(cloze test)通常是将一篇逻辑性较强的短文，留出若干个空，然后采用"四选一"的方法，将短文补充完整。

它属于客观题型。

如今的完形填空题除保留传统题型的优点外，还采用了选词填空(有多余选项)或根据上下文补全对话(或短文)等主观题型。

但事实证明，完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，且失分率较高。

限于篇幅，本文着重谈谈客观题型的解法。

请看--一、目标要求完形填空主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。

二、解题步骤在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。

具体可分为以下三步：1. 通览全文，了解大意答题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。

这是做好完形填空题的关键。

因为完形填空的特点是着眼于整体理解。

我们如果把短文比作环环相扣的链条，那么由于空格的设置，"链条"从第二句起有些地方就脱节了。

有些同学习惯于提笔就填或边读边填，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达，结果往往由于"只见树木不见森林"而事倍功半。

因此我们应该依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。

2. 综合考虑，先易后难通览全文后，认真观察选项，瞻前顾后，仔细推敲，逐项选定。

经过通读全文，对短文有了整体印象。

在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。

遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。

当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。

因为有些答案是必须通过下文的理解后才能作出断定的。

有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。

因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。

3. 复读检验，消除疏漏完成所有空档后，还要再次通读全文，看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。

复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。

凡遇疑点，必须根据文章的中心思想，从意义、语法的角度来仔细权衡，加以改正，弥补疏漏。

三、实例点拨请根据下面短文内容，在短文后面的四个选项中选择一个能填入空白处的最佳答案。

Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, __1__ students are young people. Why do all these people want tolearn__2__? It is not__3__to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their __4__. Many people learn English because it is__5__in their work. Some young people learn English__6__their higher studies because some of their books are__7__English. Other people learn English because they want to__8__newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to __9__ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very__10__in our life (生活).1. A. all B. the other C. both D. other2. A. English B. Chinese C. maths D. Japanese3. A. hard B. easy C. good D. nice4. A. books B. classes C. schools D. subjects (科目)5. A. good B. useful (有用的) C. fine D. pleased6. A. for B. of C. to D. from7. A. in B. with C. at D. of8. A. look B. see C. look at D. read9. A. go B. work C. like D. come10. A. help B. helping C. helps D. helpful答题分三步：第一步：通览全文通过通览全文，便知本文讲述许多人学习英语。

学习英语的人年龄不同，目的各异。

第二步：逐项填空本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案。

然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。

1. 选B。

some...other(s)...意思是"一些……另一些(泛指)"；some...the other(s)...意思是"一些……另一些(特指)"。

由语境可知，在学英语的学生中，除一部分是孩子外，剩余的是青年人(特指)。

2. 选A。

根据上下文可知是English。

3. 选B。

由文章内容来看，人们学习英语的原因多种多样，因此回答为什么那么多人学习英语这个问题并不容易。

4. 选D。

由常识可知，English是学生学习的科目(subject)之一。

5. 选B。

根据前后文意可知许多人学习英语，那是因为English在他们的工作中很有用(useful)。

6. 选A。

本题属于介词用法辨析。

介词for在此可表示目的、原因。

7. 选A。

in English是习惯搭配。

8. 选D。

"读报"英语习惯说read newspapers。

9. 选B。

根据语境及句子结构，有些人学习英语或想出国(go to a country)或想在这些国家工作(work in a country)。

10. 选D。

末句点题，"英语在我们生活中是很有帮助的(helpful)"。

第三步：复读检验将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，如果语句通顺，语意清楚，便结束本题，转做其它试题。

最后须提醒大家一点，做好完形填空题并非一日之功。

我们应从平日学习中做起，多积累，勤学苦练，方可成功！Have a greater success in the future！完形填空专练Many Americans like to have their holidays(假期) in 1 countries. One day an American 2 comes to China. This is her first time (次数) to China and she wants to 3 some friends there. She meets a Chinese. This Chinese wants to talk 4 with the American. When he sees her, he comes up, says “ 5 ” to her, then he begins (开始) his first talk with someone 6 an English-speaking country.“How old are you?” the Chinese 7 .“I’m8 . Please don’t ask a lady (女士) about her 9 .” answers the woman.The Chinese is surprised (感到惊奇). He doesn’t know10 . Can you help him?1. A. an other B. the other C. other D. others2. A. man B. boy C. woman D. child3. A. make B. making C. do D. having4. A. with English B. with Chinese C. in English D. in Chinese5. A. OK B. hello C. sorry D. good-bye6. A. in B. at C. of D. from7. A. says B. tells C. talks D. speaks8. A. sure B. worried C .glad D. sorry9. A. supper B. age C. job (工作) D. family10. A. how B. why C. what D. whichA young man gets on an elevator. The elevator goes ___1___.The elevator stops. A young woman ___2___ on the elevator. The elevator goes up. Then it ___3___.It doesn't go up. It doesn't go ___4___.It is stuck ___5___ floors.The elevator is stuck for 19 ___6___.The man and the ___7___are in the elevator. They are together for 19 hours. They ___8___,and talk,and talk.Finally, the elevator goes up. It stops, and doors ___9___.The man and woman walk out of the elevator.They are ___10___.They are thirty. They are in love. Three months later, they get married.1.A.up B. down C .out D .in2.A.takes B .puts C .gets D. joins3.A.start B .stops C .runs D .walks4.A.in B. out C .up D. down5.A.on B .in C .between D .under6.A.months B. days C .years D .hours7.A.man B .woman C. boy D. baby8.A.walk B .run C. talk D .sit9.A.open B .close C. stop D. start10.A.boring B. tired C. exciting D .interestingI am a middle-school student. Now let ___1___ tell you something___2___ our classroom. It’s very ___3___. There are two maps ___4___ the back wall. ___5___ is a map of China. ___6___ is a map of the world (世界).There are ___7___ desks and chairs in our classroom. There is a big desk ___8___ the teacher in the front of it. We ___9___ four classes in the ___10___ and two in the afternoon.1. a. I b. my c. me d. we2. a. about b. in c. on d. at3. a. small b. big c. bigger d. biggest4. a. in b. on c. under d. over5. a. It b. It’s c. One d. one6. a. Other b. Others c. Another d. The other7. a. fourty b. forty c. forteen d. fourteenth8. a. for b. of c. to d. about9. a. there is b. there are c. has d. have10. a. moning b. mourning c. morning d. moringThe students of Class 3 are ___11___ going to have any classes next week. They’re going to ___12___ the farmers ___13___ their work on the farm. They’re going to ___14___ apples. Many students think it’s ___15___ be tter than having classes. They’re going to get up ___16___ next Monday morning. They’re going to meet outside the school gate at 7:30. The farm is ___17___ near. They’re going there ___18___ bus. They’re going to ___19___ on their old clothes. They’re goin g to work ___20___.11. a. no b. not c. having d. always12. a. do b. help c. make d. give13. a. doing b. with c. to make d. to doing14. a. having b. picking c. pick d. have15. a. more b. much c. many d. little16. a. later b. earlier c. early d. late17. a. not b. quite c. very d. no18. a. take b. take a c. by d. on19. a. wear b. take c. put d. have20. a. hard b. a little c. heavy d. hardly（A）1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C（B）11. B 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A Johnson (1) in a factory in a big town. He liked fishing very much and was very good (2)it .When he was (3),he went down to the small river behind the factory and tired (4)some fish ,but there were few there ,(5)the water was dirty. Then one summer he went to the seaside during his holidays and stayed at a small cheap hotel.(6)the first day he (7) a lot of fish and was very (8) .He gave them to the hotel, and they (9)them for all the guests(客人）.And they enjoyed (10) very much .After that he did this every day.(1)A:works B:worked C:is working D:work(2)A:do B:on C:in D:at(3)A:free B:busy C:ill D:right(4)A:catch B:caught C:catches D:to catch(5)A:so B:because C:and D:or(6)A:on B: in C :at D:for(7)A:catch B:catches C: caught D:to catch(8)A:cheap B:free C:strong D:happy(9)A:cooked B:bought C:did D:put(10)A:it B:their C:theis D:them ADADB ACDAAJack is eleven years old. He is a middle school 1. He goes to school by bicycle every 2. His bike is very 3. One day his bike is broken . So (于是) his father wants to buy a new bicycle for 4. On a Sunday morning , Jack and his father go to the department 5. ack sees 6. good bicycles. He chooses (选择) a blue 7. because he likes blue 8. “How much is it?” says his father . “365 yuan,” says the salesman . “I’ll take the bicycle .” Jack is very 9. He rides his new bicycle to his home . Now he goes to school 10. his new bike every day.（）1.A. boy B. student C. girl D. teacher（）2.A. day B. month C. year D. /（）3.A. new B. broken C. fine D. old（）4.A. her B. them C. him D. me（）5.A. shop B. store C. office D. palace（）6.A. many B. any C. much D. a lot（）7.A. it B. that C. this D. one（）8.A. ready B. a lot C. right D . then（）9.A. happy B. sad C. tired D. bad（）10.A. in B. on C by D. forb ac c a ad b a bFoot ball, I think, is the most popular sport in the world today. One can go to any of the important matches, shouting for one side or the (1). (2) of the most surprising things about football is that (3) a child can tell you the names of the (4) in most of important teams. He has pictures of them and(5) the results of lots of matches.(6) many years ago, each country had different rules for (7) own football game. In 1863 a group of people (8) in England to change them. These rules are the (9) today.Now teams from all over the world take part in the famous World Cup. It is held every (10) years to see which is the best.( ) 1. A. same B. team C. other D. players( ) 2. A. One B. The one C. That D. Things( ) 3. A. only B. just C. even D. which( ) 4. A. teams B. people C. player D. players( ) 5. A. likes B. knows C. know D. study( ) 6. A. So B. And C. Then D. But( ) 7. A. their B. it’s C. its D. it( ) 8. A. stayed B. lived C. worked D. met( ) 9. A. different B. difficult C. same D. same as( ) 10. A. two B. three C. four D. five“Good Time” is a program on ABC RadioJim Green is an announcer(播音员）for the program. Most of the girls___1____ boys like the program. They ___2___like Jim Green. Some of them often make phone calls to him and thank him ___3___ his work. There are lots of ___4___ to him every day, too.Jim Green gets up at 6:00 every morning. He has bread and a glass of milk ___5___ breakfast. He leaves home at 6:30 and ___6___ his office at 7:15.The program ___7____ at 7:30.He plays the new records (唱片）of the pop songs and modern music for his listeners. At 8:00 it's time ____8____ the news.Jim finishes work at 10:30. He goes home ____9____ his car. He ___10___ newspaper and listens to music after supper.He thinks his life is very interesting.( )1.A and B with C but D about( )2.A too B to C also D so( )3.A to B for C fo D and( )4.A letter B letters C friends D words( )5.A at B with C for D to( )6.A goes B gets C gets to D gets up( )7.A begins B finishes C over D start( )8.A to B for C of D in( )9.A by B in C on D takes( )10.A looks B reads C sees D watches1a2c3b4b5c6c7a8b9b10bIt is half past seven in the morning. Mr. Johnson is looking____1____ his_____2____.He is ___3___quickly. Then he is washing and __4___.He is late as usual. So he doesn’t ___5____time for breakfast. He is_____6_____all the way to the station and he arrives there just in time for the train. Mr. Johnson____7____eat anything in the morning. He always says to a few friends_____8____at the office. “It’s nice to have ____9_____in the morning, but It’s nicer to ____10____ in the bed!” ( )1.A.at B. for C. after( )2.A.match B. window C. watch( )3.A.getting up B. going to bed C .sleeping( )4.A.dressed B. getting dressed C. dress( )5.A.has B. have C. know( )6.A.walking B. running C. talking( )7.A.doesn’t B. isn’t C .not( )8.A.of his B. his C. of him( )9.A.breakfast B. lunch C. tea( )10.A.do exercise B. lie C. sleeping1A2C3A4B5B6A7C8C9A10CLook __1__ the picture. It’s a picture ___2__ my room. I have __3__ bird. Its _____ is Polly. I look _____ it every day. But it is not in the picture.You ____ see it there. Can you see a cat? It is under my chair. The cat and the bird are in ______ rooms. They can’t live (住) in the same room. My books ____ on my desk. My pens and pencils are in my bag. The bag ____ behind _____ desk.( ) 1. A. of B. at C. in D. on( ) 2. A. at B. in C. on D. of( ) 3. A. a B. the C. two D. nice( ) 4. A. his B. name C. bag D. map( ) 5. A. at B. after C. of D. on( ) 6. A. at B. can’t C. aren’t D. can( ) 7. A. same B. the same C. different D. a( ) 8. A. are B. is C. am D. see( ) 9. A. look B. is C. am D. are( ) 10. A. two B. new C. the D. a初一用Jim Green is an announcer(播音员）for the program. Most of the girls___1____ boys like the program. They ___2___like Jim Green. Some of them often make phone calls to him and thank him ___3___ his work. There are lots of ___4___ to him every day, too.Jim Green gets up at 6:00 every morning. He has bread and a glass of milk ___5___ breakfast. He leaves home at 6:30 and ___6___ his office at 7:15. The program ___7____ at 7:30.He plays the new records (唱片）of the pop songs and modern music for his listeners. At 8:00 it's time ____8____ the news.Jim finishes work at 10:30. He goes home ____9____ his car. He ___10___ newspaper and listens to music after supper.He thinks his life is very interesting.( )1.A and B with C but D about( )2.A too B to C also D so( )3.A to B for Cof D and( )4.A letter B letters C friends D words( )5.A at B with C for D to( )6.A goes B gets C gets to D gets up( )7.A begins B finishes C over D start( )8.A to B for C of D in( )9.A by B in C on D takes( )10.A looks B reads C sees D watches1 A 在肯定句中表示并列2 C also是"也"的意思,A是太……的意思3 B thank sb. for sth. 为了什么感谢某人4 B 每天他都有很多的来信5 C 作为他的早饭6 C 到达A是走B是得到D是起床7 A 开始D的时态不对，应该是第三人称单数8 B 该是新闻时间了，A是time to do sth.9 B in one's car ,A是B by car10 B 看报纸是read newspaperYou\'ll see a new _1_at a hospitai near London if you go there.He is very clever,_2_he never speaks.He can work 24 hours a day and never gets _3_.He is one metre tall and has a face_4_a TV screen.He is Dr.Robot. Doctors often need to ask their patients a lot of questions._5_ doctors can only spend a few minutes with such patient.But Dr.Robot,a human doctor can_8_a lot of uesful information(信息)when he meets his patient.How can Dr.Robot do this? A computer \"tell\" him what to do.Dr.Robot can do a lot of things people can do,though he can\'t completely_9_the place of _10_ doctors.(D)1.A.sick person B.nurse C.chemist D.doctor(C)2.A.so B.if C.but D.because(A)3.A.tired B.off C.up D.woounded(A)4.A.like B.on C.as D.in(B)5.A.Kind B.Busy C.Free D.Tall(C)te B.impossibleC.necessary D.interesting(A)7.A.With B.For C.Behind D.Under(B)8.A.spend B.have C.send D.speak(C)9.A.bring B.give C.take D.lead(D)10.A.robot puter C.women D.humanMike is an Englishman. He lives in a __1___ building in the __2___ London. There are eighteen floors in the building and he lives on the fifteenth floor. He__3___ a lift (电梯)to go up and down. He works very hard. He__4___ to work early. Every day he leaves his__5__and walks to the lift. He gets into the lift. It __6___him down to the first floor. He gets out of the lift. Then he walks to __7___bus stop. The bus stop is in front of a station. It is about two hundred meters from ___8___home. Usually, he catches the number 11 bus to work, but sometimes he goes__9___. He works in a factory about ten__10___ from his home. His work starts at half past eight, and finishes at a quarter to five. He gets back home at half past5.（） 1. A. tall B. shot C. small D. large（） 2. A. country B. town C. city D. village（） 3. A. makes B. uses C. does D. mends（） 4. A. begins B. wants C. runs D. goes（） 5. A. home B. building C. office D. room（） 6. A. costs B. spends C. takes D. brings（）7. A. an B.a C. the D. /（）8. A.his B. he C. him D.himself（）9. A.by plane B. by train C. on foot D. by air( ) 10. A.meters B. kilometers C. minutes D. hours另外2篇一、A DiaryGreat weather! It was _1__ and hot all day. We __2__ to a beautiful beach. We had great fun __3__ in the water. In the afternoon, we went __4__. On the way, I found a little boy __5__ in the corner. He was __6__. I helped __7__ find his father. That made me __8__ very happy. I didn’t have __9__ money __10__ a taxi. So I walked back to the hotel.（）1.A. wind B. cloud C. sunny（）2. A. go B. got C. went（）3. A. play B. played C. playing（）4. A. shop B.shopping C.shopped（）5. A. cries B. cried C. crying（）6. A. lose B. lost C. crying（）7. A. he B. his C. him（）8. A. feel B. feeling C. felt（）9. A. some B. any C.a few（）10. A. with B. on C. for二、What I have to do（完形填空）Dear Dr Know,I’m not happy. I have too __1_ rules in my family. I have to __2___ at 6:00 every morning. I can’t __3__ my friends after school __4__I have to __5__my dog for a walk. I can’t watch TV on school nights. And I have to __6_ in bed by ten o’clock. _7__ weekends, I have to clean my room and wash my clothes. Then I have to help my mother __8__ dinner. Later I have to go to the Children’s Palace __9__ the piano. I never have any fun. __10__ can I do? （）1. A. many B. much C. a few（）2. A. go to bed B. get upC.go home（）3. A. watch B. look C. meet（）4. A. so B. then C. because（）5. A. bring B. take C. carry（）6. A. be B. is C. am（）7. A. In B. On C. At（）8. A. make B. making C. do（）9. A. learn B. to learn C. learning（）10. A. Why B. What C. How一1-5CCCBC 6-10BCABC 二1-5ABCBB 6-10ABBBB还有1篇On Christmas Eve a few days ago, an English couple, the Hardens, got a very special call. It was only a 20-second call but it was very ____11____. The Hardens’ 15-year-old daughter has gone ___12____ six months before. On Christmas Eve she rang them. “I’m phoning to wish you a happy Christmas, ”she said, “I love you.”Ronals and Edwine Harden were so ______13_____ that they started a special telephone service （服务）called“Alive and Well”. The service helps ______14______ to get in touch with children who have run away from home.Young people can phone“Alive and Well”and leave a message for their parents. The telephone are answered by answering machines. So ______15_____ can speak to the child or make him return home. Parents of runaway children who are _______16_______ eighteen can ask the police to bring their children home. So children do not want to tell their parents where they are. Through “Alive and Well”they can telephone their parents and they do not ______17______ about this or giving out their addresses.The Hardens and their helpers ______18______ the telephone messages and connect（联系）the addresses given. About 30,000 British teenagers have left home and many of them are probably in _______19_______. For only two pence（便士）they can go into a telephone coin box and call their parents. They can dial 5675339 and ______20______ a parent worry: Is he dead or alive? 11. A. interesting B.important C. difficult D. exciting12. A. away Bout C. back D. along13. A. angry B. happy C. sad D. kind14. A. teachers B. people C. parents D. friends15. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one16. A. at B. above C. over D. under17. A. think B. worry C. talk D. hear18. A. ask for B. listen to C. look up D. write down19. A. Pairs B. Tokyo C. London D. New York20. A. stop B. make C. feel D. leave答案：11. B 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. 16. D 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A。