load_pull_xpara

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vload S1P_Eqn S1 S[1,1]=LoadTuner Z[1]=Z0
Industry Breakthrough
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Load Pull with LSNA
Time Domain
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Motivation
• PA Design is Becoming More Complex
– Multi-Stage, Doherty, etc – More than Just Matching One Device
• Large Signal Models are Needed
NVNA
• “Nonlinear Vector Network Analyzer” • Superset of LSNA • 3-Step Calibration
– Vector Cal – Similar to standard VNA Cal – Power Cal – Use a power meter – Phase Cal – Use a comb generator as a Harmonic Phase Reference
Solution:
Load Pull with X-Parameters
Instant Large Signal Model
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Instant Large-Signal Model
• • • • • • Maury Load Pull Agilent NVNA SW in PNA-X Run Sweep Plan Save X-Param File Simulate in ADS
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Traditional Large-Signal Model
• Use Small Signal and DC measurements
– – – – – Fit Model Parameters to Data Time-Consuming Accuracy Limited in Some Regions of Operation Technology Dependent Model is Extrapolated to Large Signal
– S-Parameters are special case where distortion = 0
• Frequency Grid Includes:
– All Harmonics – All Intermods – Baseband
• Parameters at Each Freq • Parameters Between Each Freq Combination • Data covers one Large Signal Operating Point
VNA measures amplitudes and phases of Linear signals.
Group/Presentation Title Agilent Restricted
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
X-Parameters
NVNA measures amplitudes and phases of harmonic distortion signals.
• X-Parameters at 50 Ohms
– Good to simulate system with 50 Ohm blocks – But Power Devices are far from 50 Ohms – Measurement was not Easy
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
linear : S-params
In
S
Out
S
In
non-linear : X-params
In In In
X
Out Out Out
X
In In In
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Group/Presentation Title Agilent Restricted
Load Pull with X-Parameters
S-Parameters
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Instant Large Signal Model
X-Parameter Component
V_DC SRC1 Vdc=8 V Vs_low I_Probe Is_low DC_Feed DC_Feed1 I_Probe Iload Vs_high I_Probe Is_high DC_Feed DC_Feed2 V_DC SRC2 Vdc=-1 V
DC_Block DC_Block1 vsrc P_1Tone PORT1 Num=1 Z=Z_s P=dbmtow(Pavs) Freq=RFfreq I_Probe Isrc DC_Block DC_Block2 WJ_FP2189_PHD WJ_FP2189_PHD_1 fundamental_1=_freq1
• Measures Time-Domain and X-Parameters
– X-Parameters are Unique to Agilent NVNA
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
X-Parameter Overview
X-params are to non-linear devices like S-params to linear devices.
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
X-Parameter Large Signal Model Over Entire Smith Chart
• In the Past, the X-Parameter model was only used at or near 50 Ohms • New: Load-Dependent X-Parameters
• Sweep Gamma, Power, Bias, Freq, Etc.
4. Drag and Drop X-Param File into ADS 5. Simulate Circuit
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
System Operation - Measurement
• Load Pull is Accuracy Reference
– Load Pull is Measured at Actual Large Signal
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
X-Parameter Large Signal Model
• Based on Large Signal Measurements of X-Parameter Data • Includes all Parasitics up to Reference Plane • Technology Independent • Hides Design Details of Device • Load Dependent Data for PA Design
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Outline
• Overview – Motivation and Solution
– A New Paradigm for Modeling and Design
• • • • • •
Overview of X-Parameters Traditional Large Signal Model vs X-Parameter Model System Setup and Operation Results Quick Demo Summary
• Create Instantly from Load Pull Data • Very Accurate
– Based on Large Signal Load Pull Measurement
• Region of Validity
– Sweep Plan Range Selected by User – Sweep Gamma, Power, Bias, Freq, Etc.
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Load Pull + X-Parameter Setup
Bias System
Exclusive to Maury And Agilent
PNA-X
NVNA + Maury Software
Maury Tuner DUT
Maury Tuner
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
Load Pull to Circuit Simulation Sequence
1. Calibrate System, including Tuners 2. Calibrate NVNA at DUT Plane 3. Connect the DUT and Measure Sweep Plan
– Co-Developed by Maury and Agilent
• New Paradigm for Modeling and Design
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Load Pull with X-Parameters
X-Parameter Large Signal Model Over Entire Smith Chart