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单词、1．abandon v．&n.归纳拓展(1)用作动词意为“放弃”时，后常接表示事物的名词或动名词。
常用短语为abandon doing sth.放弃做某事。
abandon a game中止比赛abandon principles放弃原则abandon hope (of doing sth.)放弃(做……的)希望(2)用作动词意为“抛弃，遗弃”时，后常接表示人或事物、场所、地点的名词。
abandon sth. for sth.放弃……而选择……(3)用作动词意为“放任”时，后常接反身代词，常用短语abandon oneself to沉溺于。
(4)用作名词时，意为“放纵”。
常用短语with abandon 放任/纵地，纵情。
(5)abandoned adj.意为“被抛弃的，放任的；无耻的”。
例句：He abandoned himself to despair.他陷入绝望之中。
The game had to be abandoned due to bad weather.由于天气不好，比赛不得不中止。
Marie has abandoned the hope of seeing her lost child again.玛丽亚已经放弃了再次见到失踪孩子的希望。
He signed cheques with careless abandon.他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
同类辨析abandon，desert，give up与leave(1)abandon指完全、最终和永久的放弃。
(2)desert指故意逃避应有的责任和义务，违背誓言，含有非难和指责之意。
(3)give up常用于口语中，与abandon同义。
(4)leave强调离开(某地)或留下、遗忘(某物)。
【链接训练】①The soldiers felt a bit disappointed to find nothing except a car__________at the roadside after the earthquake.A．being abandoned B．abandoned C．abandoning D．having been abandoned 【解析】考查过去分词短语作定语的用法。
Section ⅣGrammar & Writing虚拟语气(Ⅱ)阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1．I wish I knew the answer to the question.2．We wish we had studied harder when at school.3．I wish I could fly to the moon one day.4．I'd rather you paid the money yourself.5．I'd rather she hadn't done that then.6．The workers demanded that their wages (should) be increased.7．The boss ordered the staff that they (should) finish the task before this Friday.8．He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully.一、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1．动词wish后的宾语从句在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在的事实相反用一般过去时；表示与过去的事实相反用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反用could/would/might＋动词原形。
I wish I were ten years younger.我希望能年轻10岁。
(对现在的虚拟)I wish you had e to the lecture.但愿你当时来听报告了。
(对过去的虚拟)I wish all my classmates would e to the get-together next month.我希望下个月所有的同学都来参加聚会。
(对将来的虚拟)2．表示主张、命令、建议、要求等词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
