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现代农林翻译(word版)

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Unit 1Urban forestry involves (refers to / is concerned with) forestry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy，culture，industry and business (commerce) are aggregated (clustered). Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy (clamorous) with deteriorating ecological environment. People living in such a crowded and narrow space suffer from a worsening physical quality. To develop urban forestry can beautify living places，purify air，reduce noise and adjust local climate (microclimate) ，so that the living quality of urban people can be improved. Generally，urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban environmental problems.社区的物质框架结构被称为它的基础设施。

这些在城市里发挥作用的庞然大物可以被分为绿色和灰色两种。

绿色结构是为乔木、灌木、草地所覆盖的区域，而灰色结构指建筑、道路、公用事业设备、停车场的所在。

绿色结构是渗水的，土壤让水渗进去，自然地过滤掉污染物，然后水进入河流。

灰色结构却不能穿透，它迫使水走向地面，人河之前一定要经过处理和清洁。

作为城市绿色结构的树木，它们的作用和灰色结构不同，但尚无充分文字记载。

由于树木没有量化的价值指标，因此没有把它们考虑进预算程序之中。

城市绿色结构的大小、形态、方位可以被度量，它们在公用事业中发挥的作用可以进行准确计算。

尽管灰绿结构对一个城市都很重要，但利用土地尽力营造绿色结构的社区就能避免更多污染物，使运营成本效力更高，因此更宜居住。

不过对于地方政府管理者来说，平衡灰色和绿色结构就成为一个很严重的挑战。

Unit 3China is one of the countries boasting the richest biodiversity and also one of the earliest adopting the Convention on Biological Diversity. The Chinese Government has highly valued the work of biodiversity conservation by formulating and enforcing a series of related laws and regulations with basic legal system on the conservation and biodiversity in place. In addition，it has established and consolidated the coordination mechanism on the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity as well as the scheme of Inter-ministerial Joint Meeting on biologicalspecies resources，laid down and issued the National Action Plan on the Conservation of Biodiversity of China and other related plans in this regard，based on which various sectors have mapped out and executed their own action plan.在今年举办生物多样性国际日纪念活动，适逢今年是2011国际森林年。

联合国大会宣布今年为2011国际森林年，是为了让全球社会了解森林的价值以及失去森林将产生的极端社会、经济和环境成本。

森林的益处久远绵长。

森林聚水蓄水，稳定土壤，涵养多种生物，并对调节气候以及造成气候变化的温室气体做出重要贡献。

森林为国际生意创造利润，为全世界数以亿计最贫穷的人民提供必不可少的收入和资源。

我们取之于森林者可谓多矣。

然而，尽管我们对这一点的理解和重视日益增加，森林仍然在以惊人的速度消失。

今年的生物多样性国际日则专门强调采取紧急行动的必要性。

Unit 4There are many wetlands in China and some of them have become the world's important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng，Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The world's largest milu deer nature reserve is located in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world，but every winter you can see some in the Red-Crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine，too. They are really good places for wildlife.湿地并非荒芜之地湿地曾被当作荒芜之地。

在过去的大约一百年中，人们把湿地的水抽干填平，然后在上面建筑房屋，兴建城市，修建道路。

几千亩的湿地被抽干，改造成了农田。

湿地的另一威胁来自化学、农药等的污染。

科学家推测，自1900年以来，大约丧失了50%的湿地，而仅存的湿地也将或正在恶化。

空气与水的污染毁坏了大面积的湿地，尤其是紧邻工业工厂的温地。

湿地不仅是百万物种之家，也可净化水源。

Unit 5Agriculture still has the responsibility to feed the world in spite of the seriouschallenge of climate change. Agriculture needs to produce more food，waste less，and make it easier for farmers to get their produce to consumers. Besides，agriculture has to find ways/approaches/methods to reduce negative impacts resulted from environmental change-including lowering greenhouse gas emissions，planning/managing food security and rural development as a whole，etc. Only through the development of agricultural high technology can the above be realized/All these are only possible through the development of agricultural high technology.无土栽培或水培法是一种在营养液(含有营养物质的水)中栽培植物的技术，它可以使用或不使用人工基质(如沙、砾石、蛙石、岩棉、珍珠岩或锯末)为植物提供支持。

水培法一词源于希腊词汇hydro (水)和ponos (劳作)的结合。

水培园艺如日常园艺一样容易操作。

两者都需要有充足的光照、水分供应和适宜的温湿度。

但是水培法不使用土壤。

自然条件下，土壤充当着储存矿物营养的角色，但土壤本身对植物生长来说并不是必不可少的。

当土壤中的矿物营养物溶解于水时，植物根茎才得以吸收。

若植物所需的矿物营养物由人工添加入其水分供应中，土壤就不再是植物茁壮生长所必需的条件了。

几乎所有的陆生植物都能用水培法来栽种。

这种技术还具有产量高、节水省地、保护环境的特点。

Unit 6Chinese agriculture has to undergo a low-carbon development with characteristics of being resources-saving，production-clean，environment-friendly and quality-efficiency-oriented. Therefore，in terms of technology，great efforts must be made to develop a series of key technologies and promote their practical application. For example，resources-saving technology including energy-saving，soil-saving，water-saving，fertilizer-saving，insecticides-saving，seeds-saving，materials-saving and labor-saving techniques，and so on，technology of reducing the use of agricultural chemicals and developing their substitutes，technology of cultivating new plant species with a high light absorption and carbon sequestration，technology of sequestrating soil carbon，technology of developing clean energies，clean environment-friendly production technology，technology of nuisance-free disposal and reclamation of wastes，and so on.农业在食物生产、能源生产、自然资源管理及土地使用各环节中的重要作用使得它在向低碳经济转型的过程中占据了中心位置，因此，测量不同农产品和各种农业活动中产生的温室气体是非常重要的。

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Unit-10-Agriculture新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译

Unit-10-Agriculture新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译

Unit 10 AgricultureFarming for the Future[1] Every year, more people face poverty and hunger and more of the earth's resources are ruined. The problems are enormous, but many experts believe that the situation is not hopeless. The solution will require big changes in how we think about agriculture, food, and our planet.[2] First of all, farmers everywhere need to develop methods that are less destructive to the environment. The change from single crop farming to a mixed crop system would be one important step. The planting of several different crops improves the soil and helps prevent erosion. Erosion could also be prevented by planting trees to protect the fields from the wind. Another way farmers could improve the soil is to avoid deep plowing. In fact, only a slight plowing is necessary if proper methods are used.[3] If the soil were treated better, farmers would not need to use chemical fertilizers. They could use natural animal and vegetable products instead. With mixed crops, farmers would need fewer toxic chemical insecticides. They could use biological methods of controlling insects and disease.[4] Farmers could also help save the earth's precious supplies of water and petroleum. To save water, they could plant more water-efficient plants instead of the standard types of wheat or corn. They could also use watering systems that are much less wasteful. To save petroleum, farmers could make use of bio-gas generators which could be fueled by the vegetable and animal wastes of the farms. In less-developed countries, bio-gas generators could reduce the need for firewood and so help save forests, as well.[5] In less-developed countries, the small farmers need help. They need to learn more about crops that are better suited to local conditions. They need to learn how to limit erosion and make the best use of their resources. These farmers will never be successful without land and economic reform. This should be the aim of governments and international agencies. The current industrial and cash crop policies are only making the situation worse.[6] Industrialized countries could use their economic resources to help bring about these changes. They could make some changes in their own policies. At present, much food is wasted in these countries for political reasons. In Europe and in North America, tons of fruit and dairy products are thrown away every year. Eating habits, too, could be changed in these countries. For example, people often eat foods from distant places instead of local foods. The transportation of the imported foods adds to the global pollution problem. People in industrialized countries also eat a lot of meat, especially beef.In fact, a large percentage of the grain grown in these countries is used for feeding cattle. If people in these countries ate less meat, there would be more grain to feed the hungry people of the world.[7] The ideal agricultural system would be sustainable; that is, its level of productivity could be continued indefinitely and the damage to the environment much less. This is a war which must be won because it would have only winners for both farmers and consumers of farm products.未来农耕1 现在面临贫困和饥饿的人一年比一年多，地球资源遭到的破坏也一年比一年严重。

农林英语翻译

农林英语翻译

现代农林英语课后翻译Unit 1 Urban AgricultureUrban forestry involves (refers to / is concerned with) forestry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy, culture, industry and business (commerce) are aggregated (clustered). Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy (clamorous) with deteriorating ecological environment. People living in such a crowded and narrow space suffer from a worsening physical quality. To develop urban forestry can beautify living places, purify air, reduce noise and adjust local climate (microclimate), so that the living quality of urban people can be improved. Generally, urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban environmental problems.城市林业是把林业由野外、农村引进人口稠密的经济文化与工商业集中的城市的林业活动。

目前大多数城市繁华、喧闹、生态环境恶化，生活在拥挤狭小的城市空间里的人们身体素质下降。

unit-7现代农林英语译文

unit-7现代农林英语译文

从太空看,地球是一个花园世界,一个有生命的行星,一个包裹在潮湿大气中的蓝色和绿色的星球。

在晚上,城市的灯光在遥远的低处闪烁,形成了如同天空之外的清晰的、多样的星座。

然而,它们的弧所拥抱的黑暗空间不是空白的空间,而是布满了森林和农场,草原和沙漠。

破晓之时,城市的灯光消逝,被太阳的光压倒;蓝色的海洋、绿色的森林和草原出现，围绕和渗透进广阔的城市星座。

即使从地球上方的很远的距离,城市是一个遍布绿色的藤蔓和斑点的灰色的马赛克，大的河流和公园也在其中．选择一个在几百英里之外的单一星座，人们不能分辨建筑物。

但是条状的、斑点状的和绿色的—河谷、陡峭的山坡，公园和田野 - 突出隆起、迅速增加。

郊区森林围绕着城市;大湖和池塘捕捉阳光并发出微光。

纵身荡向几英里上空,视爷被单一的城市填充。

高大的建筑直插云霄，小的房屋从郊区森林中露出.绿色区分自己成许多色调。

巷道的银色丝带闪现风景，河流蜿蜒中断和软化城市的尖角网格的边缘．低空飞行，一个人掠过充满生命的城市。

在城市最密集的地方，绿色的数量(少的）惊人;树木和花园生长在建筑物顶部和土壤的小块中.地面上，臭椿树苗在人行道和建筑物之间的裂缝中生长。

它的根为了寻找营养和水源都呈扇形展开。

在人行道下面,地下河流咆哮通过下水道。

这座城市是一个花岗岩花园，由许多小花园组成，坐落在一个花园世界.部分花岗岩花园是集中栽培，但大部分是未被认识和忽视的。

闲置的眼睛所到之处，在城市中树木和公园是自然的唯一残余。

但是城市的自然不仅仅是树木和花园、在人行道上的裂缝和空地中的杂草。

它是我们呼吸的空气，我们站立的地球,我们喝的和排泄的水，以及与我们分享栖息地的有机体。

城市中的自然是强大的力量,可以晃动地球,使它下滑,上下起伏,或压皱。

它是一个在山坡上广泛闪光的暴露的岩层，在一个废弃采石场体积过大的露出地面的岩层,在一个市中心建筑的化石灰岩中凝固的数以百万计的生物。

它是雨水和埋在汹涌下水道的地下河的冲动的声音.它是来自水龙头的，由一些地下河和蓄水池的管道输送的,然后使用并冲洗到下水道的,最后回到河流和海洋的水。

现代农业专业英语

现代农业专业英语

现代农业专业词句手册Words and Sentences of Modern Agriculture1、现代农业技术常用表达[1]Modern agriculture 现代农业[2]Taking the path of agricultural modernization with regionalcharacteristics 走具有区域特色的农业现代化道路[3]Demonstration and extension of agricultural sci-tech achievements农业科技成果的示范与推广[4]Comprehensive technology system for water-saving agriculture节水灌溉农业综合技术体系[5]Integration and demonstration of agriculture key technology 农业关键技术集成与示范[6]Cultivation and Utilization of Northwestern Special EconomicalForestry 西北特色经济林栽培与利用[7]The processing and storage of agricultural products 农产品贮藏与运输[8]Comprehensive processing and utilization of Xanthocerassorbifolia文冠果综合加工利用[9]pomology 果树学[10]forestry genetics and breeding 林木遗传育种[11]plant nutrition 植物营养[12]plant protection 植物保护[13]wolfberry 枸杞[14]table grape 鲜食葡萄[15]Chinese date （jujube）枣[16]wine grape 酿酒葡萄[17]winery 酒堡[18]deciduous fruit tree 落叶果树[19]annual/ biennial/perennial vegetable crop一年生/两年生/多年生蔬菜[20]protected cultivation 设施栽培2、新品种选育与现代农业栽培[21]natural selection 自然选择[22]plant introduction 引种[23]male sterile 雄性不育[24]stock plant 母株[25]male parent 父本[26]female parent母本[27]progeny 后代[28]cross 杂交[29]crossbreeding 杂交育种[30]polyploid breeding 多倍体育种[31]haploid breeding 单倍体育种[32]conventional breeding 常规育种[33]selective breeding 选择育种[34]hybrid 杂种[35]compatibility 自交亲和[36]incompatibility 自交不亲和[37]germplasm resources 种质资源[38]maintenance of germplasm resources species 种质资源保存[39]wild species 野生种[40]cultivar 栽培品种[41]variety 变种[42]strain 株系、品系[43]classification of fruit plants 果树分类[44]characterization 鉴定[45]degeneration of cultivars 品种退化[46]origin of cultivated fruits 品种起源[47]biodiversity 生物多样性[48]variety testing 品种试验[49]identification of characters 性状鉴定[50]early stage evaluation 早期鉴定[51]control plot 对照小区[52]completely randomized experiment 完全随机试验[53]pollination test of the wolfberry 枸杞授粉试验[54]grafting propagation technique for Chinese date 枣树的嫁接繁育技术[55]summerwood cutting propagation of Chinese jujube 枣树嫩枝扦插技术[56]propagation of grape by hardwood cutting葡萄硬植扦插繁育技术[57]cultural period 栽培时期[58]soilless culturing or hydroponic culturing 无土栽培[59]irrigation 浇水[60]precipitation 降雨量[61]transpiration 蒸腾[62]evaporation 蒸发[63]evapotranspiration 蒸散[64]fertilization 施肥[65]green manure 绿色肥料[66]organic manure 有机肥[67]compound fertilizer 复合肥料[68]mineral nutrition 矿质营养[69]Nutrient absorption, assignment and utilization efficiency 养分吸收、分配和利用效率[70]soil application 土壤施肥[71]foliar application 叶面施肥[72]average amount of fertilizer applied 平均施肥量[73]mechanization of farming 农业机械化[74]Leaf nutrient diagnosis of grape 葡萄叶片营养诊断[75]integrated irrigation and fertilization system 水肥一体化系统[76]precision and balanced fertilization 精准平衡施肥[77]soil testing and fertilizer recommendation 测土配方施肥[78]disease and pest management of grape "Red Globe" 红地球葡萄病虫害防治管理办法[79]flower and fruit thinning technique for grape 疏花疏果技术[80]shaping and pruning technique整形修剪技术[81]planting at early or later date 提前或延后栽培[82]energy-economy greenhouse 节能日光温室[83]small arched shed 小拱棚[84]winter wheat-summer maize rotation 冬小麦与夏玉米轮作[85]interplant of crop and economic forestry 经济林与粮食套种3、经济林果品贮藏与加工利用[86]food safety 食品安全[87]food security 粮食安全[88]retrospective food safety system 食品安全溯源系统[89]detection of pesticide residue 农残检测[90]fruit classification 果品分级[91]package design 包装设计[92]The Current status and development trend for the study of foodpreservation technique 食品保鲜技术的研究现状及发展趋势[93]Fruit and vegetable cold storage 果蔬冷藏库[94]the cold chain logistics of vegetables（fruits）蔬菜（水果）冷链物流[95]cold treatment technique for postharvest storage 采后冷藏保鲜技术[96]processing technology of juice. 果汁加工工艺[97]deep-frozen wolfberry 速冻枸杞[98]vitamin A 维生素A[99]amino acid 氨基酸[100]unsaturated fatty acid 不饱和脂肪酸。