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2014年建筑类真题答案-福建专升本

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2014年福建省普通高职（专科）专升本招生统一考试建筑类专业基础课试题答案及评分参考
一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
1、A
2、B
3、D
4、B
5、C
6、A
7、D
8、C
9、B 10、A
二、填空题（本大题共18题，共108分）
工程力学部分（共9小题，第11-15小题每空2分，第16-19小题每空5分，共68分）请在答题卡上作答。

11、等值（或大小相等）、反向（或方向相反）、共线（或沿同一直线）（答案顺序可以颠倒）
12、外（或运动）
13、剪力弯矩（答案顺序可以颠倒）
14、剪切扭转弯曲（答案顺序可以颠倒）
15、CF DF DH DG EG（答案顺序可以颠倒）
16、30N·m
17、30kN·m 10kN 0
18、20、 40
19、几何不变 1
建筑施工部分（共9小题，每空2分，共40分）
20、放足边坡设置支撑（答案顺序可以颠倒）
21、辗压法夯实法振动法（答案顺序可以颠倒）
22、平面位置垂直度标高（答案顺序可以颠倒）
23、焊接机械连接（答案顺序可以颠倒）
24、石油沥青卷材高聚物改性沥青卷材合成高分子卷材（答案顺序可以颠倒）
25、墙面抹灰地面抹灰（答案顺序可以颠倒）
26、箭线节点
27、工作总时差工作自由差
28、施工方案
三、简答题（本大题共4小题，每小题10分，共40分）请在答题卡上作答。

29、内容：
（1）场地平整（2分）
（2）开挖沟槽、基坑、竖井、隧道、修筑路基、堤坝等;(2分）
（3）土方回填与压实（2分）
施工要求：标高。

断面准确，土体有足够的强度和稳定性，土方量少，工期短，费用省。

（4分）
30、灌注桩是指直接在桩位上就地成孔，然后在孔内灌注混凝土而成。

（3分）
根据成孔工艺不同分为干作业成孔灌注桩、泥浆护壁成孔灌注桩、套管成孔灌注桩、爆扩成孔灌注桩和挖空灌注桩。

（7分）
31、施工工艺顺序：抄平→放线→摆砖样→立皮数杆→立头角→砌筑→勾缝→楼板安装（5分）
质量要求：横平竖直、砂浆饱满、组砌得当、接槎可靠。

（5分）
32、顺序原则：先支后拆，后支先拆，先非承重部位，后承重部位以及自上而下。

（4分）
注意事项：
（1）拆模时，操作人员应站在安全处，以免发生安全事故；（2分）
（2）拆模板时应尽量不要用力过猛、过急，严禁用大锤和撬棍硬砸硬撬，以避免混凝土表面或者模板受到损坏。

（3）拆下的模板及配件，严禁抛扔，要有人接应传递，按指定地点堆放，并做到及时清理、维修和涂刷好隔离剂，以备待用。

四、计算题（本大题共7题，共132分）请在答题卡上作答。

工程力学部分（共4小题，第33小题12分，第34小题25分，第35题20分，第36小题25分，共82分）请在答题卡上作答。

33、（1）画梁AC受力图如下图所示（5分）
（2）由ΣM A=0得：-2×6+F B ×4=0(5分）解得：F B=3kN（2分）
34、（1）求AB、AC杆轴力：
F NAB=20kN F NAC=20kN
(2)校核AB杆强度
σAB=F NAB/A1=20×103/10000=2.83MP a <[σ]1=10MP a(9分）
（3）校核AC杆强度
σAC=F NAC/A2=20×103/200=100MP a < [σ]2=160MP a (9分）
（4）结论：该结构强度满足（或安全）（2分）
35、求支座反力（3分）
36、（1）虚设力状态并画图（7分）
（2）画实际位移状态弯矩图M P 图（6分）
（3）求截面B 的转角θB （12分）
θB =1/E 1 ×2
1×F p 1×1×1=F P 12/2EI(←) 建筑施工部分（共3小题，第37小题13分，第38小题17分，第39小题20分，共50分）请在答题卡上作答。

37、解：水泥：砂：石为：
1:x(1+W X ):y(1+W Y )=1:2.4(1+0.03):4.3(1+0.01)=1:2.472:4.343（5分） 用350L 搅拌机，求每拌一次的材料用量（施工配料）如下：
水泥：300×0.35=105（kg)（2分）
砂：105×2.472=259.56（kg)（2分）
石：105×4.343=456.015（kg)（2分）
水：105×0.5-105×2.472×0.03-105×4.343×0.01=40.153（kg)（2分）
38、解：
（1）累加数列（2）
I ：2,7,9,12
II :4,7,9,11
III :2,5,8,12
IV :3,6,7,11
错位相减求K
I 和II
K I,II =max{2,3,2,3,-11}=3(d) (2分）
同理可得K II,III =5(d);(2分） K III,IV =5(d). (2分）
（2）T=（3+5+5）+（3+3+1+4）=24（d) (3分）
（3）绘流水指示图表 （6分）
39、解：
T=5+6+5+5+3=24(d)
双代号网络图，（5分) 工作时间计算，（10分）关键线路标注，（3分）总工期（2分）。

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2014年二级建造师建筑工程管理与实务权威真题答案及解析完整版

2014年二级建造师建筑工程管理与实务权威真题答案及解析完整版

2014 年建筑工程真题一、单项选择题（共20 题，每题 1 分。

每题的备选项中，只有 1 个最切合题意。

）1. 以下用房往常能够设置在地下室的是（）。

A.游艺厅B.医院病房C.少儿园D.老年人生活用房【答案】 A【分析】禁止将少儿、老年人生活用房设在地下室或半地下室；居住建筑中的居室不该部署在地下室内；建筑物内的歌舞、娱乐、放映、游艺场所不该设置在地下二层及以下；当设置在地下一层时，地下一层地面与室出门进口地坪的高差不该大于10m。

【考点】建筑结构要求2. 某杆件受力形式表示图以下，该杆件的基本受力形式是（）。

A.压缩B.曲折C.剪切D.扭转【分析】结构杆件的基本受力形式按其变形特色可概括为以下五种：拉伸、压缩、曲折、剪切和扭转。

【考点】建筑结构技术要求3.依据《建筑结构靠谱度设计一致标准》（GB50068），一般房子的设计使用年限往常为（）年。

【答案】 B【分析】【考点】建筑结构技术要求4. 以下指标中，属于常用水泥技术指标的是（）。

A.和易性B.可泵性C.平定性D.保水性【答案】 C【分析】水泥技术性质包含平定性、凝固时间、强度等。

【考点】建筑资料5.硬聚氯乙烯（ PVC－U）管不合用于（）。

A.排污管道B.雨水管道C.中水管道D.饮用水管道【答案】 D【分析】 PVC管道不可以用于饮用水管道。

【考点】建筑资料6. 用于测定砌筑沙浆抗压强度的试块，其保养龄期是（）天。

【答案】 D【分析】保养龄期28 天。

【考点】建筑资料7. 深基坑工程的第三方监测应由（）拜托。

A.建设单位B.监理单位C.设计单位D.施工单位【答案】 A【分析】基坑工程施工前，应由建设方拜托具备相应资质第三方对基坑工程实行现场检测。

【考点】地基与基础工程施工技术8. 直接蒙受动力荷载的钢筋混凝土结构构件，其纵向钢筋连策应优先采纳（）。

A.闪光对焊B.绑扎搭接C.电弧焊D.直螺纹套筒连结【分析】直接蒙受动力荷载的结构不可以使用焊接与绑扎。

【高度清晰】2014二级建造师建筑工程真题及答案解析((第10-24题))

【高度清晰】2014二级建造师建筑工程真题及答案解析((第10-24题))

【高度清晰】2014二级建造师建筑工程真题及答案解析((第10-24题))10.按厚度划分，钢结构防火涂料可分为()A.A类、B类B.B类、C类C.C类、D类D.B类、H类标准答案：D名师解析：钢结构防火涂料按图层厚度可分B,H两类。

参见教材P76。

11.单位工程完工后，施工单位应在自行检查评定合格的基础上，向()提交竣工验收报告。

A.监理单位B.设计单位C.建设单位D.工程质量监督站标准答案：C名师解析：单位工程完工后，施工单位应自行组织有关人员进行检查评定，评定结果合格后向建设单位提交工程验收报告。

参见教材P249.12.按层数分类，地上十层的住宅属于()A.低层住宅B.多层住宅C.中高层住宅D.高层住宅标准答案：D名师解析：住宅建筑按层数分类：一层至三层为低层住宅，四层至六层为多层住宅，七层至九层为中高层住宅，十层及十层以上为高层住宅。

参见教材P1.13.下列金属窗框安装做法中，正确的是()A.采用预留洞口后安装的方法施工B.采用边安装边砌口的方法施工C.采用先安装边砌口的方法施工D.采用射钉固定于砌体上的方法施工标准答案：D名师解析：金属门窗安装应采用预留洞口的方法施工，不得采用边安装边砌口或先安装边砌口的方法施工。

参见教材P98.14.关于建筑幕墙预埋件制作的说法，正确的是()A.不得采用HRB400级热轧刚筋制作的锚筋B.可采用冷加工钢筋制作锚筋C.直锚筋与锚板应采用T形焊焊接D.应将锚筋完成L形与锚板焊接标准答案：C名师解析：可以采用HRB400级热轧钢筋制作锚筋;严禁使用冷加工钢筋做锚筋;不允许把锚筋弯成L形与锚板焊接。

参见教材P103.15.采用邀请招标时，应至少邀请()家投标人A.1B.2C.3D.4标准答案：C名师解析：招标人采用邀请招标方式的，应当向三个以上具备承担招标项目的能力、资信良好的特定的法人或者其他组织发出投标邀请书。

参见教材P203.16.关于某建筑工程(高度28cm)施工现场临时用水的说法，正确的是()A.现场临时用水仅包括生产用水、机械用水、和消防用水三部分B.自行设计的消防用水系统，其消防干管直径应不小于75mmC.临时消防竖管管径不得小于75mmD.临时消防竖管可兼作施工用水管线标准答案：C名师解析：现场临时用水仅包括生产用水、机械用水、生活用水和消防用水;高度超过24m的建筑工程，应安装临时消防竖管，管径不得小于75mm,严禁消防竖管用作施工用水管线。

2014二级福建省建造师《建筑工程实务》理论考试试题及答案

2014二级福建省建造师《建筑工程实务》理论考试试题及答案

1、采用单价合同后，实际支付时以( )为准计算。

P202A.投标时的工程量和价格B.投标时的工程量，施工中变化的价格C.合同价格，实际完成的工程量D.施工中变化的价格，实际完成的工程量答案：C2、下列关于固定总价合同适用性说法不正确的是( )。

P202A.工程量小、工期短，施工过程中环境因素变化小，工程条件稳定并合理B.工程设计详细，图纸完整、清楚，工程任务和范围明确C.工程结构和技术简单，风险小D.合同条件中有对承包商单方面保护的条款答案：D3、固定总价合同减少了业主的风险，有利于业主控制( )。

P202A.工程质量B.工程进度C.工程成本D.工程风险答案：D4、根据施工合同示范文本规定，承包人应在( )之后28天内，向发包人递交竣工结算报告及完整的结算资料。

P194A.工程竣工验收日B.提交工程竣工验收报告C.工程竣工验收报告经发包人认可D.办理竣工验收备案手续答案：C5、通过合同跟踪，就可能会发现合同实施中存在着( )偏差，从而及时分析原因，采取措施，纠正偏差，避免损失。

P207A.工程计划偏离了工程目标B.工程实施实际情况偏离了工程计划和工程目标C.工程实施实际情况符合合同计划和工程目标D.工程计划偏离了施工计划答案：B6、在施工过程中，承包商缺乏控制工程成本积极性的合同形式是( )。

P204A.总价合同B.单价合同C.变动单价合同D.成本加酬金合同答案：D7、根据施工合同示范文本的规定，投料试车应( )。

P193A.在工程竣工验收前，由承包人组织B.在工程竣工验收前，由发包人组织C.在工程竣工验收后，由工程师组织D.在工程竣工验收后，由发包人组织答案：D8、施工承包合同中规定应由承包人承担的义务有( )。

P190A.办理施工许可证B.将施工所需水、电、电讯线路从施工场地外部接至专用条款约定地点C.负责工地安全，看管进场材料、设备和未交工工程D.主持和组织工程的验收答案：C9、某工程项目因施工需要，向有关部门办理了夜间施工手续。

2014年福建专升本英语试题及答案（部分）

2014年福建专升本英语试题及答案（部分）

PartⅠ. Listening Comprehension Section A: 10 Statements Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 statements. Each sentence will be spoken just once. The sentence you hear will not be written out for you. After you hear each sentence, read the four choices in your test paper, marked, A, B, C, and D, and decide which one is closest in meaning to the sentence you heard. Then, on your Answer Sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. 1. A. Channel Three Carries CBS news. B. Channel Six carries CBS news. C. Channel Thirteen carries CBS news. D. Channel Thirty carries CBS news. 2. A. A used book is $6 cheaper than a new book. B. A used book costs $2.50. C. Mary saved $3.50. D. A new book costs $8.50. 3. Bill’s sister graduated. B.Whne Bill graduated, his sister was proud of him. C. Bill was very proud of his sister. D. Bill was very proud when he graduated. 4. A. It is very dangerous to practice driving at the shopping center. B. Some places are better to practice driving than the shopping center C. It is better mot to practice driving at the shopping center. D. The shopping center is the best place to practice driving. 5. A. Both of my children came. B. Only my son came. C. Only my daughter came. D. Neither of my children came. 6. A. The new students are not homesick. B. The new students used to be homesick, but they are mot homesick now. C. The new students have not been very long. D. since I have here longer than the new students, I am mot homesick. 7. A. Mrs. Smith has traveled less than her husband has. B. Mrs. Smith always travels with her husband. C. Mrs. Smith husband does not travel very far. D. Neithe Mrs. Smith nor her husband travel very much any more. 8. A. You should go to Florida again this year. B. Although you usually go to Florida, this year you should go to California instead. C. This year you should go to Florida instead of to California. D.You should return to California this year. 9. A. John always tells secrets. B. John never tells secrets. C. John is meant to tell secrets. D. John keeps secrets. 10. A. Mr. Smith stopped drinking when his doctor told him that he had to. B. Mr. Smith’s doctor did not stop drinking. C. Mr. Smith drinks in spite of his doctor’s advice. Section B: Conversations Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The comversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each conversation, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C, and D, and deside which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a sing line through the center. 11. A. To the hospital B. To the beach. C. To the a department store. D. To a parking area. 12. A. Registration. B. When the line breaks. C. People who don’t wait their turn. D. How long the line is. 13. A. Because he wanted to meet the woman’s parents. B. Because he didn’t know the woman’s plans. C. Because he goes to a country house each August. D. Because he won’t be able to take a holiday. 15. A. Friends. B. Late for the meeting. C. Hurry to the meeting. D. Take a bus. 16. A. Friends. B. Doctor and patient. C. Solesman and consumer. D. Teacher and student. 17. A. He can’t read the clock. B. He can’t write. C. He can’t speak. D. He can’t read books. 18. A. 5:10 B. 5:00 C. 10:05 D. 9:55 19. A. In a bakery. B. In a restaurant. C. On a farm. D, Ina hotel. 20. A.$5. B. $4.5.C.$2.5.D.$9. Section C: Directions: In this section, you will hear one short passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear five questions, both the passage and the questions will be spoken twice. After you hear the question, you must choos the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. Who is the speaker? A. The head of the student organization. B. The dean of students. C. The director of Butler Hall. D. A college professor. 2. Which group of students is the speaker addressing? A. Those who will be on campus during a vacation. B. Those who work part-time in the administration of –fices. C. Those who normally live Butler Hall. D. Those who will be moving on campus in a few months. 3. Which season of the year is it? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Fall. D. winter. 4. For how long will the dormitories remain closed? A. For weekend. B. For five days. C. for ten days. D. For two weeks. 5. Which statement is TRUE about college facilities during the vacation period? A. Only a few facilities will be closed. B. Most facilities will be closed. C. Most facilities will operate on a reduced schedule. D. All facilities will be open.PartⅡ. Reading comprehension Directions: There are 4passages in this part. Each of the first three passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). you should decide on the best choice. Answer the questions on the four passages. Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. When we meet another person for the first time, we are actually flooded with new information. Almost at once, we notice his appearance, style of dress, and monner of speech. Furthermore, as we listen to what he has to say and observe the things he does, we begin to form some ideas of what kind of person hisand what he intends to do. As you know from your own experience, though, we do not only gather these separate pieces of information. Instead, we go further and combine them into a unified picture. In short, we form an overall im pression of each person we meet-an impression that can be favorable or unfavorable. But how precisely do we perform this task? How do we combine so much different information into a clear first impression with such quick speed? A great deal of research has been performed on this question, and resulits point to the following answer: We perform this task through a special type of averaging. Expressed very simply our impressions of others seem to represent a weighted average of all information that can be gathered about them. That is, they reflect a process in which all information we have about others is averaged to gether—but with some facts, or input receiving greater sense. For example, in forming an impression of a new boss you would probably be influedced to a much greater degree by how this person gives you orders ( whether respectfully or not ) than by the color of his or her eyes. The fact that not all information about other persons affects our impressions of them to the same degree, raises an important question: Just what kinds of input receive the greatest weight? Again research provides some revealing(发⼈深思) an-swers. 26. This passage is mainly about_______. A. how our first impressions are expressed. B. how our first impressions are formed. C. how we can favorably impress others. D. how first impression affect our lives. 27. According to the passage, the first impression is_______. A. the result of quick look. B. not based on enough information. C. a combination of pieces ofinformation. D. the observation of what a person does. 28. Research has shown that first impressions are generally more influenced by______. A. the way others spesk. B. appearance and styule of dress. C. all information we have. D. certain types of information at hand. 29. The word “weight”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to_______. A. amount B. research C. importance D. burden 30. The following paragraph will most probably siscuss______. A. wrong first impression of other people. B. selected information for forming first impression. C. the importance of first impression in job situation. D. ways of making good first impression.。