专题二“形”“态”各异的动词 第二讲 非谓语动词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2023·北京卷)She called for action to address (address)the struggles of
people around the world facing (face) “too little water or too dirty water”.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知，第一空address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。分析句子结构可知，第二空face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填facing。
2．(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years，people have told fables(寓言) to
teach (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处与to pass on wisdom并列作目的状语。故填to teach。
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside，the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to be lifted (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or
spilling any of their contents.
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的被动关系，空处需填动词不定式的被动式。故填to be lifted。
语 法（非谓语动词）
I. 动词不定式和动名词的构成形式
动词不定式是由 “ to + 动词原形” 构成；动名词由动词+ing构成。
主动式有： 一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式；
被动式有： 一般式、进行式和完成式。
时态
语态 主动 被动
一般式 动词不定式 to do to be done
动名词 doing being done
进形式 动词不定式 to be doing to be being done
动名词 doing being done
完成式 动词不定式 to have done to have been done
动名词 having done having been done
完成进形式 动词不定式 to have been doing
动名词 having been doing
II. 动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解
一．做主语
⒈不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：
(1)把不定式置于句首。如：
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：
①It＋be＋名词＋to do
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
②It takes sb + some time + to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?
③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an
-高中英语语法强化训练(非谓语动词续)
( )1.European football is played in 80 countries ,______it the most popular
sport in the world
A. making B, makes C. made D to make
( )2The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______the
next year .
A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out
D. to carry out
( )3.The purpose of new technologies in to make life easier, _______it more
difficult.
not make B. not to make
C. not making D. don’t make
( B )5.I’ve worked with children before ,so I know what ______in my new
job.
A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting
D. expects
( )6.A computer does only what thinking people _______.
A. have it to B. nave it done C. have done it
D. having it done
( )7.What worried the child most was ____to visit his mother in the hospital .
A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed
非谓语动词
一、非谓语动词的概念
非谓语形式有三种： 1.动词不定式：to do表示目的和将来
2、动词的ing(动名词) : doing表示主动和进行 3.动词的过去分词：done表示被动和完成
二、非谓语动词的时态和语态
一般式 完成式 进行式
不定式 主动 to do to have done to be doing
被动 to be done to have been done
ing 形式 主动 doing having done
被动 being done having been done
过去分词 被动 done
三、非谓语动词的做题步骤：
1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较
1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语：
1）. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。 动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。如：
________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk
