英语谚语中的隐喻应用

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The Application of Metaphor in the English Proverbs

A Graduation Thesis Submitted

by Lu Qifen

to Faculty of Applied Technology

Kunming University of Science and Technology

in partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the degree of

Bachelor of Arts in the subject of English Language

Supervisor: Yang Yu

Department of Foreign Languages

Kunming, Yunnan

April 15, 2013

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摘要

在传统隐喻研究中,隐喻是一种修辞手段。随着认知语言学的发展,隐喻成了一种认知手段,和人类体验世界的方法,也成了人类思维和生活的方式。

动物谚语是最生动的语言的集合,它们经常出现在人们的日常交流中,但人们却没意识到这些动物谚语是隐喻。事实上,在 George Lakoff & Johnson 的概念隐喻框架之下,动物谚语中的源域是动物,目标域是人或与人有关的行为,人们利用人与动物之间的相似性把人类自己的感情表现出来。本研究从概念隐喻的角度对比分析了汉英动物谚语中动物形象所具有的隐喻意义的相似性与相异性,并通过汉英两种语言中的动物形象来认知人的本质与特点。

关键词:概念隐喻 动物 谚语 对比分析

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ABSTRACT

Metaphor is seen as a rhetorical method in traditional metaphor research. As

time goes by, metaphor becomes a cognitive mechanism. Metaphor is the tool that we

use to think and experience the external world, which is seen as „the metaphor we live

by‟by George Lakoff and Johnson.

The animal proverbs are the most vivid collection of language, which are

frequently used in daily life, but we seldom consider the animal proverbs as metaphor.

In fact, under the frame of conceptual metaphor, the source domain of animal

proverbs is animal and the target domain is human or concerned human action. People

use the similarities between man and animals to express their motions. This research

contrastively analyzes the some animal of animal proverbs both in English and

Chinese and tries to find the similarities and differences. The animal image can help

us have cognition of the nature and features of human being in English and Chinese.

Key Words: Conceptual metaphor, Animal, Proverb, Contrast

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In writing this thesis, I have benefited from the support of my teachers and my

classmates. They generously helped me collect materials I needed and made many

invaluable suggestions. I hereby extend my grateful thanks to them for their kind help,

without which this thesis would not have been possible.

First of all, I am extremely indebted to Prof. Yang Yu, my supervisor, for her

support, patience and remarkable ideas during the course of writing. Without her

thorough and constructive commentary and indispensable help, this thesis could not

have become a reality.

I am deeply grateful to Prof. Cun Hongbing, Prof. Li Xuefang, Prof. Shi

Nianxiang, Prof. Wang Yi, and all the teachers at the College of Foreign Studies,

whose wonderful lectures proved to be indispensable to my study.

Thanks also go to Lu Fang, Gao Qian, Xie Rui, and all my friends and

classmates who helped me in collecting the linguistic data. Their help has been

essential.

Last but not least, I would like to thank my family for their love, support, and

good humor.

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Table of Contents

Title Page ...................................................................................................................i

Abstract(Chinese)......................................................................................................... ii

Abstract(English)……………………………………………………………………..iii

Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................iv

Table of Contents...........................................................................................................v

1. Introduction ...............................................................................................................1

1.1. Purpose, significance and methodology of this thesis ............................................1

1.1.1. Purpose, significance……………........................………………………...….....1

1.1.2. Methodology……………………………............................................................2

2. Conceptual Metaphor ................................................................................................3

2.1. The traditional theory of metaphor………..……....................................................3

2.2. The contemporary theory of metaphor....................................................................3

2.3. Conceptual metaphor...............................................................................................4

2.4. Some basic terminologies concerning conceptual metaphor……………..............6

2.4.1. Image schema……………………………………………………………….......6

2.4.2. Domain………………………………………………………………….............6

2.4.3. Mapping…………………………………………………………………..…….7

2. 5. A Summary………………………………………………………………….........9