浙江省08年10月自考(日语阅读二)

广外自考日语本科历年试题1.日语写作廣外日語寫作就一篇作文,我考的時候是好像是要求寫一篇討論確定經銷商的會議記錄,要求要用到記述手法,條理必須清晰明確,而且必須清楚注明會議時間,地點,人員.討論主題,發言記錄,會議決議,決議執行等,大概就是這樣的內容2010年10月次の内容や情報に基づいて、800字～1000字の作文を書きなさい（100点）「環境問題」について考えたことがありますか「環境問題」とは何か、またその「問題」を解決するためにはどうすればよいかなど、自分の考えをいくつかの実例を挙げながら、まとまった作文を書きなさい。

注意：1.自分でテーマをつけること。

2.漢字を使うべきところは漢字を使うこと。

3.句読点を入れること。

2. 日语语言学一、例を挙げて、次の説明をしなさい。

（5*8＝40分）１、イントネーション：２、形態素：３、ローマ字：４、国語学と日本語言学：５、形式体言：二、（6*10＝60分）１、言語の分類について簡単に述べなさい。

２、日本語の表記の特徴について簡単に述べなさい。

３、日本語の象徴語について簡単に述べなさい。

４、日本語における方言形成の原因および区分の基準は何か、簡単に述べなさい。

５、現代日本語の助詞について簡単に述べなさい。

６、日本語の標準語の母音について簡単に述べなさい3. 日語翻譯:題型: 1.把一篇文章翻譯為中文(50分)2.中译日：共5句短句(50分)4. 日本文学选读文学选读全部都是选择题~，教材不是网上指定教材的，买那本书《日本文学史》，日本人编的。

考试内容80%左右都是那里的，只要看近世部分和近代部分就好了。

书上的文章不要看，都是考哪个作家属于什么流派之类的，和阅读水平没关系。

出版社好像是第一学习社。

<日本文学史>李光泽，卜庆霞~大连理工大学出版社~定价15元。

文学选读靠那本指定教材是过不了的,估计也就在20分左右(实际上只有前面的几页有用)李光泽编写的我也买了但内容是完全不够的新编也是大连出的，紫色封面的，，另外日本文学简史也可以，灰色封面的5. 日本文化2006年10月日本文化一是名词解释共20分铜镜遣唐使古文辞学派(还有一个记不起来了)二是简答题每题15分いわゆる三種の神器どのようにできたのか鎌倉の仏教はどんな特徴がありますか鎖国令の目的は何ですか南蛮文化は日本にどんな影響がありますか三是论述题20分町人文化の形成された背景は何ですか2007年10月日本文化名词解释每题5分共20分铜铎大化改新古義学派摄关政治简述题每题15分共60分关于日本人的起源至今有几种主要的说法国风文化的特点勘合贸易对中日两国带来影响是什么近世的实施禁教政策的背景是什么论述题20分支撑近世的庶民文化的条件是什么2008年1月日本社会文化一、次の言葉を説明しなさい。

全国2008年10月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(二试题课程代码:00596请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上。

全部题目用英文作答(翻译题除外I. Reading Comprehension. (50 points, 2 points for eachDirections: In this part of the test, there are five passages. Following each passage, there are five questions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and then write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. Passage OneWhether you‘re delivering a speech, approaching your boss for a raise or addressing audience on an important social occasion, do your homework. The most polished, smoothly delivered, spontaneous-sounding talks are the result of many hours of work. The memorable one-liners and moving phrases that go down in history don‘t come from last minute burst of inspiration.If you‘re making a p resen tation of any sort, begin preparing as far ahead of time as possible. ―Good writing,‖ says Harvard University historian Richard Marius, ―is a kind of wrestling with thought.‖ Begin the wrestling match early. Two days before your presentation is usually too late to go into the ring and come up with a winning idea.Prepare yourself as well as your material, giving special attention to your voice. A shrill, nasal tone strikes your listener like chalk screeching on a blackboard. By putting energy and resonance into your voice, you will have a positive effect. If your voice is timid or quivers with nervousness, you sense it, the audience hears it, and you see discomfort in their eyes. With energy and enthusiasm in your voice, the listeners say ahhh, tell me more. Y ou read approval.Like your voice, your appearance is a communication tool. For example, if you are animated, you are most likely to see animated listeners. Y ou give the audience the message: I‘m glad I‘m here; I‘m glad you‘re here.However, don‘t e ve r assume that an audience, an interviewer, your boss will be sympathetic. Always be prepared for a grilling. Think beforehand of the ten toughest questions you could get and be ready with your answers. And remember, when you‘re asked a hostile question, never show hostility to your questioner. If you do, you lose.While the hostile questioner is talking, prepare your response. Take a positive tack immediately, and make your answer short. The instant the interviewer finishes the question, begin the answer: first point, second point, third point...bingo, your conclusion.The way you listen gives messages about you too. Listen with interest, focusing your eyes on the speaker. If he or she is sitting next to you, angle your body slightly in the chair so that y o u‘re turned toward the person. Animate your face with approval. It says, I‘m with you, I‘m interested in what you‘re saying.Once you‘re prepared for a situation, you‘re 50 per cent of the way toward overcoming nervousness. The other 50 percent is the physical and mental control of nervousness: adjusting your attitude so you have confidence, and control of yourself and your audience.Questions 1-5 are based on Passage One.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The methods that one can use to let people agree with him or her in a speech.B. How to make one‘s voice and appearance pleasant when one gives speeches.C. The importance of preparation before one talks to people on formal occasions.D. How to overcome anxiety when one talks to the audience on formal occasions.2. ―One-liners‖ (Para. 1are ________.A. well-written articlesB. excellent speechesC. single witty sentencesD. unforgettable phrases3. By saying ―like chalk screeching on a blackboard‖ (Para. 3, the author ________.A. refers to the feeling an unpleasant voice arouses in the audienceB. points out that one needs to use chalk to write on the blackboardC. means that one should speak loud enough for all audience to hearD. stresses that one must put energy and resonance into his or her voice4. When asked a hostile question, one should________.A. answer quickly and brieflyB. ignore the question totallyC. defend himself or herself firmlyD. respond smartly and pleasantly5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. One should look out for tough questions from an audience beforehand.B. One should spend a lot of time preparing before talking to an audience.C. If one looks active and vigorous, the audience will respond accordingly.D. If on e makes a thorough prepara tion he won‘t be nervous at all in a speech.Passage TwoSoccer might be the most popular sport in the world, but for decades, Americans have managed to resist its charm. Their attention has been focused, of course, on the big three American sports: baseball, football and basketball. And while soccer is rapidly gaining popularity among younger Americans, the older generation remains detached from the game, even when the rest of the world is glued to TV screens watching the 2006 World Cup matches.It‘s not a s though soccer is a stranger to American shores. The U.S. national soccer team played in the first World Cup in 1930. But from the start, the game had an image for many Americans as an immigrant sport. Still soccer began to attract more attention in the United States after the 1974 World Cup.The following year, the country got its first professional soccer teams, with the launch of the North American Soccer League. The New Y ork Cosmos became the league‘s flagship franchise when i t acquired a stellar ros ter of players from 16 different countries, including the Brazilian soccer legend Pele, the high-scoring Italian great Georgio Chinagalia, andGerman superstar Franz Beckenbauer. By 1977, attendance at American soccer games had grown to a record 62,000.Peppe Pinton, a veteran soccer player and the executive director of the Cosmos soccer camps, likes to recall those golden days when American fans packed the stadiums to watch some of the world‘s best soccer players — most of them play ing on the same team. ―Americans are used to watch winners,‖ Pinton says. ―Americans are used to watch superstars, great players in all sports, and they are not settling for inferiority. TheCosmos team was not successful in the early years, but it was suc cessful when those pla yers came here.‖People lined up to get into the stadium like they would line up to get into a popular restaurant, Pinton says. ―People attracted people. And the Cosmos made this happen all over the U.S.,‖ he says. ―It drew record cro wds in Seattle, in Mi ami, in Tampa, Boston, in Chicago and then they went all over the world. They went even into China when nobody was reaching China those years.‖But for 40 years, the U.S. was unable to qualify for World Cup games because most of the players on its soccer teams were not American citizens. Finally, in 1990, with enough home-grown or naturalized players on its rosters, the U.S. was able to field a World Cup team.Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.6. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The U.S. has been playing in World Cup for 20 years.B. Soccer is not one of the top spectator sports in the U.S.C. Many players on America‘s soccer team were foreigners.D. More and more young people in the U.S. are enjoying soccer.7. Which is true about the New Y ork Cosmos?A. It was established in 1975.B. It played in the 1974 World Cup.C. It was a great success in mid- 1970s.D. It broke a sport record in the late 1970s.8. It is suggested that more and more Americans will watch soccer if________.A. their team plays in the World CupB. there are superstar players in their teamsC. there is greater promotion of the sportD. more matches are arranged in their country9. Which year is the most glorious time for soccer in the U.S.?A. 1974.B. 1977.C. 1990.D. 2006.10. ―Field‖ (Para. 6has the closest meaning to which of the following?A. To sponsor a team.B. To host a sports event.C. To provide a game venue.D. To send players to a game.Passage ThreeMany Americans harbor a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science andnutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated ch icken were as great as some people believe, ―the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.‖Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant‘s weight is made up of natural pesticides. He says, ―Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare.‖ And many naturally producedchemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens — substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives. Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at C ornell University, ―We‘ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.‖Y et the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amount of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink.To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.Questions 11-15 are based on Passage Three.11. What does the author think of the Americans‘ view of their food?A. They overlook the risks of the food they eat.B. They overestimate the hazards of their food.C. They are overoptimistic about the safety of the food they eat.D. They overstate the government‘s interference with the food industry.12. The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because ______.A. no food is free from pollution in the environmentB. pesticides are presently widely used in agricultureC. almost all foods have additives and preservativesD. many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicals13. By saying ―they employ chemical warfare‖ (Para. 2, Bruce Ames means ______.A. plants produce certain chemicals to combat pests and diseasesB. plants make use of natural chemicals to promote their growth111C. farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plantsD. farmers use man-made chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases14. Who is most responsible for better food and water supply?A. The government.B. The consumer.C. The processor.D. The growers.15. What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?A. Eating and drinking have become more hazardous.B. Measures must be taken to improve food production.C. Health food is no longer a dream in modern society.D. There is no cause for alarm about food consumption.Passage FourThe estimates of the numbers of home-schooled children vary widely. The U.S. Department of Education estimates there are 250, 000 to 350, 000 home-schooled children in the country. Home-school advocates put the number much higher –at about a million.Many public school advocates take a harsh attitude toward home schoolers, perceiving their actions as the ultimate slap in the face for public education and a damaging move for the children. Home schoolers harbor few kind words for public schools, charging shortcomings that range from lack of religious perspective in the curriculum to a herdlike approach to teaching children.Y et, as public school officials realize they stand little to gain by remaining hostile to the home-school population, and as home schoolers realize they can reap benefits from public schools, these hard lines seem to be softening a bit. Public schoolers have moved closer to tolerance and, in some cases, even cooperation.Says John Marshall, an education official, ―We are becoming relatively tolerant of home schoolers.‖ The idea is, ―Let‘s give the kids access to public school so they‘ll see it‘s not as terrible as they‘ve been told, and they‘ll want to come back.‖Perhaps, but don‘t count on it, say home-school advocates. Home schoolers, oppose the system because they have strong convictions that their approach to education —whether fueled by religious enthusiasm or the individual child‘s interests and na tural pace — is best.―The bulk of home schoolers just want to be left alone,‖ says Eng e Cannon, associate director of the National Center For Home Education. She says home schoolers choose that path for a variety of reasons, but religion plays a role 85 percent of the time.Professor V an Galen breaks home schoolers into two groups. Some home schoolers want their children to learn not only traditional subject matter but also ―strict religious doctrine and a conservative political and social perspective. Not incidentally, they also want their children to learn —both intellectually and emotionally —that the family is the most important institution in society.‖Other home schoolers contend ―not so much that the schools teach heresy, but that schools teach wha tever they teach inappropriately‖. V an Galen writes, ―These parents are highly independ ent and strive to ‗take responsibility‘ for their own lives within a society that they define as bureaucratic and inefficient.‖Questions 16-20 are based on Passage Four.16. According to the passage, home schoolers are______.A. those who hire teachers to educate their children after schoolB. those who are educated at home instead of going to schoolC. those who advocate combining public education with home schoolingD. those who teach their children at home instead of sending them to school17. Public schools are softening their position on home schooling because______.A. they want to show their tolerance for different situationB. there isn‘t much they can do to cha nge the present situationC. public schools cannot offer proper education for all childrenD. home schooling provides a new variety of education for children18. Home-school advocates are of the opinion that ______.A. things in public schools are not so bad as they have often been saidB. their cooperation with public school will bring about benefits to allC. home schooling is superior and, therefore, they will not easily give inD. their tolerance of public education will attract more kids to public schools19. Most home schoolers‘ opposition to public education stems from their______.A. devotion to religionB. concern with the cost involvedC. respect for the interest of individualsD. worry about the inefficiency of public schools20. According to V an Galen, some home schoolers believe that ______.A. public schools take up a herdlike approach to teaching childrenB. teachers in public schools are not as responsible as they should beC. public schools cannot provide good enough education for their childrenD. public schools are the source of bureaucracy and inefficiency in societyPassage FiveImagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion —a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation.People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely toharm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there co uld be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society‘s economic underpinnings would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $ 10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways.As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object‘s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us — hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society.Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are ―good‖ and others are ―bad‖, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life — from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept.In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal penal system to make people afraid to engage in anti-social acts.Questions 21-25 are based on Passage Five.21. The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that______.A. they would not be able to tell the texture of objectsB. they would not know what was harmful to themC. they would not be happy with a life without loveD. they would do things that hurt each other‘s feelings22. According to the passage, peo ple‘s learning activities are possible because they______.A. believe that emotions are fundamentalB. benefit from providing help to one anotherC. enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thingD. know what is vital to the progress of society23. It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on______.A. the ability to make moneyB. the will to work for pleasureC. the capacity to enjoy incentivesD. the wish to create more products24. Emotions are significant for man‘s survival and adaptation because ______.A. they encourage people to perform dangerous achievementsB. they generate more love than hate among people in societyC. they provide the means by which people view the shape of objectsD. they give people the social feeling of agreement that maintains society25. The emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they ______.A. help us adapt our behavior to the societyB. encourage us to perform important tasksC. help to perfect the legal and penal systemD. help society exploit its members for profitII. Vocabulary. (10 points, 1 point for eachDirections: Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given below. The number in the brackets after each worddefinition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is. Write the word you choose on your Answer Sheet.Although the actual extent of computer crime is difficult to measure, most experts agree that it is one of the fastest growing areas of illegal activity. The principal reason for both the growth and the lack of accurate measurement is the difficulty in detecting a well-executed theft. Losses per incident thus tend to be higher than in other types of theft. Once the computer criminal has compromised the system, it is just as easy to steal a great sum as it is to steal a little, and to continue stealing long after the initial theft.Computer criminals are, for the most part, well-educated and highly intelligent, and have the analytical skills that make them valued employees. The fact that computer criminals do not fit criminal stereotypes helps them to obtain the positions they require to carry out crimes. Being intelligent, they have fertile imaginations, and the variety of ways in which they use equipment to their advantages is constantly being extended. In addition to direct theft of funds, the theft of data for corporate espionage or extortion is being widespread, and can obviously have a substantial effect on a company‘s finances. Another lucrative scheme, often difficult to detect, involves accumulating fractions pence from individual payroll accounts, with electronic transfer of the accumulated amount to the criminal‘s payroll.Sabotage is also an increasingly common type of computer crime. Everyone in the computer business has heard of cases of a ―ti me-bomb‖ being placed in a program. Typically, the programmer inserts an instruction that causes the computer to destroy an entire personnel data bank, for example, if the programmer‘s employment is terminated. As soon as the termination data is fed into the system, it automatically erases the entire program.26. most important; main (Para. 127. something that happens (Para. 128. to do something damaging (Para. 129. fixed images of what a particular type of person is like (Para. 230. full of interesting and unusual ideas (Para. 231. profitable; able to make a lot of money (Para. 232. the process by which something moves or is moved from one place to another (Para. 233. damage done deliberately to equipment so that they can‘t be used (Para. 334. puts something into something else (Para. 335. the act of ending something (Para. 3III. Summarization. (20 points, 2 points for eachDirections: In this section of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each of the paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word on your Answer Sheet.Paragraph OneMany banks are preparing ―online branches‖, which means that people will be able to take care of their banking business through their home computers. At these online branches, customers will be able to view their accounts, move money between their accounts, apply for a loan, and get current information on products such as credit.36. What can be realized ______at ―online branches‖.Paragraph TwoBy the 17th century people began to leave gold with the local goldsmiths for safe keeping. Receipts of ￡1 or ￡5 were issued which could then be converted back into gold at any time. Soon these receipts began to circulate as banknotes.37. The origin______ of banknotes.Paragraph ThreePop Art was defined by images of material goods and popular culture. Pop artists rejected the serious nature of the art world. They painted or printed everyday images of things that usually are not considered art. These images included photographs from magazines, drink advertisements and drawings from popular comic strips.38. I ntroduction____ of Pop Art.Paragraph FourIn the U.S. today, it is common to pay one fourth to one third of family‘s income on the place to live. Big houses are more expensive than smaller ones. And houses closer to the center of big cities are more expensive than the ones in the suburbs or in small towns.39. The cost_______ of housing in the U.S. today is very high.Paragraph FiveA new public health report concludes there is no safe level of environmental tobacco smoke. One of the nation‘s top public health physician says inhaling someone else‘s tobacco smoke leads to an immediate chain of biological events that can lead to disease in a non-smoker and even death.40. Expert warns __________ against environmental tobacco smoke.Paragraph SixDehydration limits a person‘s ability to work and think. Experts say a reduction of only four or five percent in body water leads to a drop of twenty to thirty percent in work ability. The loss of salt through perspiration also reduces the amount of work that muscles can do.41. Relation_______ between dehydration and person‘s ability to work and think.Paragraph SevenHard war situation finally forced Germany to make the decision that would bring the United States into the war. It decided to use its submarines to break the British blockade. The submarines would attack any ships that came near Britain. This included ships from neutral countries, like the United States.42. Germany adopted new strategy_________ in hard situation.Paragraph EightThe Tata Group is made up of 96 companies that employ more than 200,000 people. Tata operates in more than 54 countries. Its companies run hotels, provide engineering services and business advice. They also make cars and steel, among other things.43. The Tata Group is involved in various __________ industries.Paragraph NineAnxiety is normal. Y ou just have to prevent it from getting the best of you. The first step is to learn to relax. If before or during an examination you start to panic, stretch as hard as you can, tensing the muscles in your arms and legs, and then suddenly relax all of them.44. How one should handle __________ anxiety.Paragraph TenElectronic mail can eliminate hours of frustrating ―telephone tag‖ and enable people to communicate across time-zones with ease. It also substitutes for busy fax machines that print out piles of paper which are often misplaced or misdirected. With electronic mail, the message appears upon the computer screen of the individual being contacted.45. People benefit__________ from electronic mails a lot.IV. T ranslation. (20 points, 4 points for eachDirections: In the following passage, there are five groups of underlined sentences. Read the passage carefully and then translate these sentences into Chinese. Write the Chinese version on your Answer Sheet.Machinery has made it possible to produce more and more food in vast areas, such as the plains of America and Russia. Crops have increased almost everywhere and people are growing more and more food. 46. New forms of preservation have also been developed so that food need not be eaten as soon as it has grown. 储藏食物的新方法也得到了发展。

[00844]《日语阅读（二）》自学考试大纲浙江省教育考试院二0一0年七月自学用书：《大学日语泛读》（第二册），陈端端主编，厦门大学出版社2009年5月第2版参考教材：1、《日语泛读教程》3～4册，张敬茹等编著，南开大学出版社2002年12月第1版2、相当于日语国际能力水平测试2级难度的阅读文章。

一、课程性质与设置目的要求日语阅读课是高等教育自学考试日语专科考试计划中的一门必修基础课。

这门课程既是有关日语语音、语法、词汇、句型训练的综合课程，也是丰富考生日本文化背景知识，提高考生的阅读理解能力和逻辑思维能力的主要课程。

其目的在于培养学生能综合运用日语语言知识和阅读技能，读懂一般性题材的文章及科技文献资料。

要求学生能把握文章主旨和大意，了解有关细节；能理解上下文的逻辑关系，领会作者的观点和态度。

二、考核目标1、学习目标与要求《日语阅读（二）》目前使用的教材主要是《大学日语泛读（第二册）》（厦门大学出版社）。

学完该册书所达到的日语水平，也就是《日语阅读（二）》考试所要求达到的水平。

该教材10课，共30篇文章。

能流利朗读课文，熟练掌握文章中的词汇、语法的运用，理解文章内容，准确回答就文章提出的各种问题。

2、考核知识点和要求本课程的考核要求是，学生通过阅读了解文章的中心大意，抓住主要论点和主要情节，领会作者的意图和观点。

阅读是以掌握必要的词汇、语法、句型、惯用型等几种技能为基础的。

通过阅读获取信息则是读者所要获取的最主要的信息，即文章的大意及其主旨。

因此，读文章时应注意对文章主旨的整体把握。

文章的题材不同，把握文章主旨的方法重点也不同。

以表述事实为重点的文章，应重点把握事物的主体、时间、地点、原因和方式等。

而以论述、说明、阐明为主的文章，则应把重点放在对事实与意见的识别，对作者意图的把握，掌握逻辑论证的展开方式等方面。

总之日语的读解能力是学生对日语词汇及语法的理解能力和对文章内容的把握能力等综合能力。

因此，阅读考试不仅要求学生理解字里行间的意思，运用已掌握的阅读技能，正确地回答文章提出的问题，而且要注意日语的表达方式、日本文化、日本独特的审美感等社会文化背景知识。

posted @ 2008-12-07 18:42 wjh623阅读(426) | 评论(1)| 编辑收藏2008年日语二级真题及答案-读解posted @ 2008-12-07 18:37 wjh623阅读(2748) | 评论(1)| 编辑收藏2008年日语二级真题及答案-语法posted @ 2008-12-07 18:21 wjh623阅读(602) | 评论(1)| 编辑收藏2008年日语二级真题及答案-听力（听力无图题）1.女の人と男の人が話しています。

男の人はどうして怒っていますか。

女：ねえねえ、昨日のドラマの最終回見た？最後にあの二人会えてよかったね。

男：おお、言わないでよ。

女：え？どうして？男：もう、夕べおれ寝ちゃって。

今日寛からＤＶＤ借りることになってたのに。

女：ああ、そう。

じゃ、言わない。

男：もう、遅いよ。

女：そんなに、怒らないでよ。

男の人はどうして怒っていますか。

１女の人がドラマの話をしてくれないからです。

２女の人がドラマの内容を話したからです。

〇３女の人がＤＶＤを見たからです。

４女の人がＤＶＤを貸してくれないからです。

2.娘とお母さんが神社で話しています。

お母さんは何をお願いしたと言いましたか。

娘：今年は学校の成績が上がりますように。

ねえ、お母さんは何をお願いしたの？母：秘密。

娘：ええ？教えて。

家族みんなが健康に暮らせるようにとか？母：ううん。

それも大事なんだけど、今年はね。

娘：わかった。

十キロ痩せてきれいになるように？母：無理よ。

そんなの神様でもできっこないわ。

おとうさんの給料が上がるようによ。

お母さんは何をお願いしたと言いましたか。

１夫の収入が増えることです。

〇２十キロ痩せてきれいになることです。

３娘の成績がよくなることです。

４家族みんなが健康に暮らすことです。

3.男の人が会社で話しています。

男の人は昼ごはんの後、まず何をすると言っていますか。

男：ねえ、わるいんだけど、今日は午後から休み取っても大丈夫かな。

`デパートの放送で女の人が話しています。

迷子になっている子供はどんな格好をしc ていますか。

迷子のお知らせをいたします。

二歳くらいの女のお子様を探しています。

お子様は白い帽子をかぶり、花柄のシャツを着て、縞模様のズボンをはいています。

おこころあたりのお客様はお近くの店員までお知らせください。

迷子になっている子供はどんな格好をしていますか。

2.男の人と女の人が電車の席について話しています。

どの席の切符を買うことにしましたか。

男：どこにする？６人だから。

女：二人ずつ三列でもいいわね。

男：そうだな。

女：でもこの座席向かい合えるみたいわよ。

ほら、そうするとこっち側を二列取れば、みんなでトランプもできるんじゃない。

男：そうだな。

そうすると、窓側に二席取れるしな。

どの席の切符を買うことにしましたか。

3.女の人が運動会の競技について説明しています。

説明とあっているのはどれですか。

それでは、次の競技について説明します。

スタートしたら、最初の障害物は下を通ってください。

しばらくすると、二つ目の障害物がありますから、その上を飛び越えてください。

最後はバナナやパンなどいろいろな食べ物が糸で吊ってありますから、その中の一つを口に銜えてゴールしてください。

説明とあっているのはどれですか。

4.女の人と男の人が話しています。

猫はどこにいますか。

女：ああ、あんなとこに猫が寝ている。

男：本当だ、ちょっと飲み物を買ってた隙に…女：あそこが暖かいって知っているのね。

頭いい。

男：あそこにエンジンがあるからね。

屋根よりは暖かいんだよ。

ああ、昨日洗ったばかりなのに、足跡だらけだよ。

猫はどこにいますか。

5.男の人が店内放送をしています。

このスーパーで皿が安く買えるのはいつですか。

毎度光屋をご利用してくださいまして、ありがとうございます。

毎週火曜水曜の88円セールでは冷凍食品、納豆、豆腐など50種類以上の食品が88円となっています。

更に、明日第二水曜のみ二階の日用品が三割引、食器やお鍋などはどうぞこの機会にお求めください。

2008年日语能力考二级真题文字部分022008年日语能力考二级真题文字部分02。

考生们在日语备考中都会看大量资料，做大量习题来提高日语水平，可是在能力考前还是不能确定自己的掌握情况，那就让往年二级真题来帮你检测一下吧!問題Ⅳ次の[51]から[55]は、言葉の意味や使い方を説明したものです。

その説明に最もあう言葉を、1 2 3 4から一つ選びなさい。

[51] 内容がはっきりせず、2つ以上の意味に解釈(かいしゃく)できる。

1 いいかげん2 おおざっぱ3 あいまい4 からっぽ[52] 広く一般に用いられたり、みとめられたりする。

1 引用する2 採用する3 応用する4 通用する[53] 目的もなくあちらこちら歩く。

1 まごまごする2 にこにこする3 うろうろする4 いきいきする[54] 丸くて小さいもの。

1 つぶ2 つれ3 つや4 つな[55] 今までになかった新しいものを作りだすこと。

1 動作(どうさ)2 創作(そうさく)3 製作(せいさく)4 操作(そうさ)問題Ⅴ次の[56]から[60]の言葉の使い方として最も適切なものを、1 2 3 4から一つ選びなさい。

[56] 感心1 このクラスの学生たちの能力の高さに感心した。

2 あの人の上手な英語を感心した。

3 子どもたちのすばらしいダンスに感心になった。

4 りっぱなお寺を感心になった。

[57] 妥当(だとう)1 結婚するなら、なるべく気持ちの妥当な人がいいです。

2 あまり変わったものじゃなくて、妥当なものが食べたいですね。

3 これは妥当な集まりなので、スーツでご出席ください。

4 この仕事に対して1万円は妥当な金額だと思いますよ。

[58] いまに1 明日では間に合わないので、いまに掃除してしまってください。

2 もう勝負は始まったのだから、いまにやめたいと言っても遅すぎる。

3 最後のテストが終わったら、いまに覚えていたことを全部忘れた。

4 毎日休まずけいこをしていれば、いまに上手になるよ。

2008年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试日语考生注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上无分，本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

一、日语汉字的读音与书写（20分）（一）写假名——用平假名写出下列日语汉字的读音。

（1×10＝10分）例：結ぶ（むす）1．一週間2．写す3．四人4．隅5．丸い6．無料7．太い8．港9．平ら10．燃やす（二）写日语汉字——写出下列划线部分的日语汉字。

（1×10＝10分）例：けいかくを立てる（計画）11．こんかいはこれで終わる。

12．近くによって見る。

13．きねんにこれをあげます。

14．てんきよほうを聞く。

15．家具をふくめて２万円です。

16．辞書を引けばいみが分かる。

17．つまらないしょうせつだ。

18．てぶくろを買う。

19．うたがうことのできない事実だ。

20．ねむくなる。

二、日语知识运用——根据下列各句的意思，从四个选项中选出一个适当的选项，将其序号（A、B、C、D）写在答题纸上。

（1.5×30＝45分）21．母つくったけーきはとてもおいしい。

A．はB．からC．でD．が22．今度の会議は来月２０日予定です。

A．にB．でC．のD．を23．歩き本を読むのは危ないです。

A．ばかりB．ところC．あいだD．ながら24．とても簡単な料理だから、３分間できますよ。

A．でB．にC．ほどD．しか25．もう遅い、疲れたから、家に帰ろう。

A．とB．しC．がD．で26．これはわたしの誕生日に先生がとって写真です。

A．いただいたB．さしあげたC．くださったD．もらった27．道に迷った、雨に降られた。

A．うちにB．うえでC．だからD．うえに28．どうしてまたカメラを買ったの。

わたしのをつかえばいい。

A．だけB．のにC．までD．でも29．わたしの両親は朝早くから夜遅く忙しく働いています。

A．までB．だけC．しかD．など30．友だちにコンピューターをて、いやだった。

A．使っB．使わせC．使われD．使ってくれ31．この子はいつも外で。

第二外语（日语）试卷（课程代码00840）本试卷满分〔00分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答题注意事项：1・本卷所有试題必须在答麵卡上作答。

答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。

2.第一部分为选择題。

必须对应试輕上的题号便用2B铅笔将，咨题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

3・第二部分为m號择题。

必须注明大、小題号.使用03豪*黑色字迹签字笔作答。

4•合理安排答題空间，超出答題区域无效。

第一部分选择题一、单I页选择題（本大越共10小题，毎小题1分，共10分）恋毎小题列出的四个备选项中只右一个是划线部分的止呦读音，请将其选岀并将答题卡的相应代码涂黑。

未涂、错涂或多涂不得分C1 .僕0＞父U1会社員芒、SlilR庭（D主婦吃。

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