39803轮机英语

EnglishofMarineEngineering（轮机英语）English of Marine Engineering（轮机英语）Unit 1 ：Main Propulsion Plant（船舶主推进装置）一、船舶动力装置概述●船舶动力装置的组成和类型、热机的类型和应用二、船舶柴油机1)船舶柴油机基本参数、特性指标2)船舶柴油机的工作原理3)船舶柴油机的基本结构4)船舶柴油机的燃油系统5)船舶柴油机的润滑系统6)柴油机的冷却系统7)柴油机的启动系统8)船舶柴油机操纵和控制系统、柴油机的运行管理、故障诊断三、船舶推进装置●推进装置的传动方式Unit 2 ：Auxiliary Machinery（船舶辅助机械）一、船用锅炉1)船用锅炉的类型和结构特点2)船用锅炉的运行管理、故障分析和排除二、船用泵1)船用泵类型；常见船用泵的工作原理和结构特点；船舶通用泵系的布置原则和特点2)常见船用泵的运行管理和故障排除三、船舶制冷和空调装置1)船舶制冷原理和制冷循环2)船舶空调系统的组成及主要设备；船舶空调装置的运行管理、故障分析和排除四、船舶防污染设备1)油水分离器的工作原理及运行管理2)焚烧炉的工作原理及运行管理3)生活污水处理装置的工作原理及运行管理五、分油机和海水淡化装置1)分油机的工作原理及运行管理2)海水淡化原理、主要设备和运行管理六、船舶甲板机械1)起货机的结构特点及其故障分析和排除2)锚机、绞缆机的结构特点及其故障分析和排除3)液压泵、控制阀件和油马达的结构特点；液压系统管理Unit 3：Marine Electrization and Automatization（船舶电气和自动化）一、船用发电机1)船用发电机的结构特点2)船用发电机的并车和解列3)船用发电机的故障分析和排除二、船用配电板1)主配电板的分类及组成2)应急配电板；配电箱三、船舶电气设备●船舶电气设备：船舶电气设备概况；电气控制设备；电气设备运行管理Unit 4 ：Marine Engineering Management（船舶轮机管理）一、操作规程●备车；巡回检查；完车二、安全管理知识1)船舶防火防爆的措施及守则2)轮机部操作安全注意事项；安全知识；机舱应急设备的使用及管理三、油、物料和备件的管理●燃油的管理四、船舶修理和检验1)修理的类别；轮机坞修工程2)船舶检验的类别与作用五、防污染管理及PSC检查1)《油类记录簿》与IOPP证书的管理2)PSC检查中的明显理由与更详细检查；PSC检查报告和缺陷的纠正Unit 5 ：International Convention and Regulations（国际公约与规则）一、STCW公约1)STCW78/95公约中有关轮机值班的基本原则2)轮机员的基本职责和道德；机架联系制度二、MARPOL公约●MARPOL73/78公约中有关含油污水的排放规则；有关国家、港口的防污染规则三、SOLAS公约●SOLAS公约的基本精神和基本原则四、ISM、ISPS等规则和公约1)ISM规则简介2)ISPS规则简介3)其他最新公约和规则。

3980177.2号副机的所有气缸盖、活塞、缸套、连杆、活塞销及销承、轴承全部拆卸彻底清洁。

测量活塞直径、环槽、缸套直径、主轴颈及曲柄销直径、轴承厚度，并做记录。

缸盖上各气阀需拆检和研磨，油头试验，损坏的零件修理或换新。

活塞环需全部换新。

所有工作部件彻底清洁。

进、排气阀在热机下测量并调整间隙。

All cylinder cover, pistons, cylinders, connecting rods, piston pins and their bearings, shaft bearings of No.2 diesel engine to be dismantled and cleaned thoroughly. Piston diameter, cylinder bore, groove size, diameters of main journals and crank pins, bearing thickness to be measured and readings to be recorded. All the valves on cylinder head to be dismantled and ground. Injectors to be tested. Any part if found damaged to be repaired or renewed. All piston rings to be renewed. All working parts to be cleaned thoroughly. Tappet clearances of inlet and exhaust valves to be measured and adjusted while the engine being warmed up.78.厂长先生：我们很遗憾地通知你，下列机器部件发现损坏。

船舶英语目 录一.职位及工种(Titles and type of work) ····· 1 二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) ····· 3 三、船舶机械类(Words about marine machinery) ·· 11 四、阀门(Words about valve) ···· 14 五、泵类(Words about pump) ·········· 16 六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery ）······ 18 七、工具类(Word about tools) ········ 20 八、常用物料(Material in common use) 26 九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use) ··· 28 十、常用油类(Oil in common use) ·····28 十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) ·········29 十二、国家名称(Name of country) 。

30 十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use) ·····31 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 32 十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment) ·33 十六、故障常用单词(words about malfunction) ····· 35 十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination) 38 十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 40 十九、时间、季节与方向(Time 、Season and Direction) ·····42 二十常用词组（Phrases in common use ）·45 二十一、常用动词和例句(Verb in common use and example) ····48 二十二、问候和常用表达语(Greeting and common expression) ····67 二十三、主机提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for main engine) 68 二十四、空压机和空气系统用语(Air compressor and Air system) ···· 75 二十五、锅炉提交用语(Delivery expressions for boiler) ···77 二十六、锚绞车提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for anchor windlass) 79 二十七、舵机提交过程用语(Steering gear delivering) ··· 87 二十八、付机提交过程用语（Delivery expression for A/E ）····· 91 二十九、救生艇提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for lifeboat) ··92 三十、其他提交项目 (Delivery expressions for other items) ···95 三十一、甲板机械系泊试验 (Mooring test for deck machinery) ········96 三十二、机舱设备系泊试验 (Mooring test for the equipment in E/R) ···98 三十三、谈论故障常用语（Expressions for trouble ）············100 三十四、谈论检修常用语(Expressions for overhaul) ············101 三十五、谈论试验和检验(Talking about test & check) ···········103 三十六、谈论技术要求(Talking about technology required) (105)一．职位及工种(Titles and type of work) 1．船长 Captain2．大副 Chief officer3．二副 Second officer 4．三副 Third officer 5．四副 Fourth officer 6．水手长 Boatswain7．水手 Sailor & Seaman 8．木匠 Carpenter9．轮机长 Chief engineer 10．大管轮 Second engineer 11．二管轮 Third engineer 12．三管轮 Fourth engineer 13．机匠长 Chief motorman 15．机匠 Fitter 16．加油工 Oil man17．大电 Chief electrician 18．电工 Electrician19．车间主任 Workshop director 20．工长 Section chief 21．班长 Fore man 22．钳工 Fitter23．主管工程师 Engineer in charge 24．机务&船东 Superintendent &Super &Owner 25．助理工程师 Assistant engineer 26．验船师（机）Register 27．验船师（船）Surveyor 28．油漆工 Painter 29．焊工 Welder 30．大橱 Chief cook 31．物料员 Store keeper 32．加油工 Oiler33．机工 Mechanic 34．甲板员 Deck man 35．电线工 Wireman 36．外包工 Laborer 37．铸工 Molder38．管子工 Pipe fitter 39．起重工 Crane operator二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) 1．主机 Main engine2．二冲程柴油机 Two-stroke diesel engine 3．四冲程柴油机 Four-stroke diesel engine 4．高速柴油机 High speed diesel engine 5．中速柴油机 Middle speed diesel engine 6．低速柴油机 Low speed diesel engine 7．气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head 8．安全阀 Safety valve 9．释放阀 Relief valve 10．示功阀 Indicator valve 11．示功考克 Indicator cock 12．空气起动阀 Air starting valve13．起动空气分配器 Air starting distributor 14．油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector 15．排气阀 Exhaust valve 16．气缸套 Cylinder liner17．冷却水套 Cooling water jacket 18．气缸注油器 Cylinder lubricator 19．活塞 Piston20．活塞头 Piston crown 21．活塞裙 Piston skirt 22．活塞销 Piston gudgeon pin 24．活塞杆 Piston rod 25．活塞环 Piston ring26．活塞环槽 Piston ring groove 27．压缩环 (气环) Compression ring 28．刮油环 (油环) Oil scraper ring 29．减磨令 Wear ring (copper ring) 30．伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe 31．活塞冷却空间 Piston cooling space 32．填料箱(函) Stuffing box 33．填料箱密封环Sealing ring for Stuffing box 34．填料箱压缩环 Pressure ring for Stuffing box 35．填料箱刮油环Scraper ring for Stuffing box 36．扫气箱 Scavenging receiver 37．扫气口 Scavenging port 38．排气口 Exhaust port 39．十字头 Cross head 40．十字头销 Crosshead pin 41．十字头轴承 Crosshead bearing 42．十字头滑块 Crosshead slipper 43．滑块 Guide shoe44．十字头导板45．连杆46．连杆大端轴承47．连杆小端轴承48．曲柄轴承49．曲柄销 Crank pin 50．曲轴 Crank shaft 51．曲轴颈 Crank journal 52．曲柄臂 Crank web53．拐档差 Crank deflection 54．主轴承 Main bearing 55．主轴颈 Main journal 56．轴承瓦 Bearing bush57．上轴瓦 Upper bearing bush 58．上轴瓦 Upper half59．下轴瓦 Lower bearing bush 60．下轴瓦 Lower half 61．推力轴承 Thrust bearing 62．推力块 Thrust pad 63．推力盘 Thrust disc 64．推力轴 Thrust shaft 65．底座 Bed plate 66．机架 Frame67．曲柄箱 Crank case68．曲柄箱导门 Crank case door 69．曲柄箱防爆门 Explosion-proof Crank case. 70．定时齿轮 Timing gear 71．飞轮 Flying wheel 72．凸轮 Cam73．凸轮轴 Cam shaft74．喷油凸轮 Fuel injection cam 75．链条 Chain76．链条轮 Chain wheel 77．链条箱 Chain box 78．推杆 Push rod 79．摇臂 Rocker arm 80．排气阀 Exhaust valve 81．吸气阀 Suction valve 82．排气总管 Exhaust manifold 83．进气总管 Air inlet manifold84．高压燃油管 High pressure fuel pipe 85．活塞冷却水管 Piston cooling water pipe 86．法兰 Flange87．贯穿螺栓 Tie bolt (tie rod) 88．端盖 Side cover89．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump 90．燃油泵 Fuel oil pump 91．滑油泵齿轮 Gear for lubricating oil pump 92．燃油泵齿轮 Gear for fuel oil pump 93．叶轮 Impeller 94．柱塞 Plunger 95．导杆 Guide rod 96．导套 Sleeve97．滚动轴承 Ball bearing 98．滑动轴承 Sliding bearing99．推力滚动轴承Thrust ball bearing 100．推力面 Thrust surface (thrust side) 101．盘车机 Turning gear 102．增压器 Turbocharger 103．涡轮机(透平) Turbine104．涡轮 Turbine wheel 105．涡轮叶片 Turbine blade 106．喷嘴 Nozzle 107．废气叶轮 Exhaust impeller 108．废气叶轮片 Exhaust blade 109．废气端 Exhaust side 110．透平端 Turbine side 111．转子轴 Rotor shaft 112．油泵 L.O.pump 113．换向装置 Reversing device 114．换向伺服期 Reversing servomotor 115．压气机(鼓风机) Blower 116．膨胀接 Expansion joint 117．调速器 governor 118．飞重 Flying weight 119．补偿阀 Compensate valve 120．针阀 Needle valve 121．开口销 Cotter pin 122．轴封 Shaft seal 123．机械密封 Machinery seal 124．配电盘 Switchboard 125．应急配电盘 Emergency switchboard 126．应急发电机 Emergency generator 127．滤器 Filter 128．细滤器 Filter 129．粗滤器 Strainer 130．滑油滤器 L.O. filter 131．燃油滤器 F.O. filter 132．空气消音器 Air intake silencer 132．空气滤器 Air intake filter 133．空气瓶 Air bottle (receiver) 134．分油机 Separator 135．油水分离器 Water-oil separator 136．净油机 Purifier 137．燃油净化器 F.O. purifier 138．二氧化碳 CO2 139．二氧化碳瓶 CO2 bottle 140．正时齿轮 Timing gear 141．导向棒装置 Guide bar 142．注油器驱动 Lubricator driver 143．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener 144．凸轮轴传动轮 Chain wheel on cam shaft 145．中间链链传动轮Intermediate chain wheel 146．注油器驱动装置Lubricator drive 147．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener 148．滚筒导座 Roller guide housing 149．应急操纵台 Emergency console 150．力矩平衡器 Moment compensator 151．主启动阀 Main starting valve 152．启动空气分配器Starting air distributor 153．喷油器 Fuel valve 154．扫气系统 Scavenge air system 155．安全帽 Safety cap 156．机座 Bed plate 157．轴向振动减振器 Axial vibration damper 158．贯穿螺栓 Arrangement of stay bolt 159．示功器驱动装置 Indicator driver 160．端罩 End shields 161．气缸架 Cylinder frame 162．气阀传动装置 Valve operating device 163．摇臂润滑油泵 Rocker arm lubricating oil pump 164．摇臂润滑油柜 Rocker arm lubricating tank 165．摇臂润滑滤器Rocker arm lubricating filter 三、船舶机械类(Words about marine machinery) 1．船用锅炉 Marine boiler 2．废气锅炉 Exhaust boiler 3．辅锅炉 Donkey boiler 4．组合式锅炉 Combined boiler 5．火管 Fire tube 6．给水管 Feed pipe 7．炉膛 Furnace 8．炉墙 Furnace wall 9．火侧 Fire side 10．水侧 Water side 11．燃烧器 Oil burner 12．安全阀 Safety valve 13．上排污 Upper drain 14．下排污 Lower drain 15．锅炉皮阀 Mounting valve 16．水位计 Water level gauge 17．压力表 Pressure gauge 18．主汽门 Main steam valve 19．玻璃管 Glass tube 20．空调装置 Air-conditioning plant 21．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant 22．冰机 Fridge. Machine 23．空气压缩机 Air compressor 24．造水机 Fresh water generator 25．板式冷却器 Plate type cooler 26．机舱天车 Engine room crane 27．天车导轨 Crane rail 28．电磁阀 Solenoid valve 29．舵机 Steering gear 30．舵承 Rudder bearing carrier 31．液压缸 Hydraulic cylinder 32．废气涡轮增压器Exhaust gas turbocharger 33．弹簧阀 Spring loaded valve 34．冷凝器 Condenser 35．分油器 Oil separator 36．轴带发电机 Shaft generator 37．焚烧炉 Oil burner 38．分油机 Separator 39．分离筒 Separator bowl 40．配水盘装置 Paring disc device 41．转数计 Revolution counter 42．控制阀 Control valve 43．辅机 Auxiliary machinery 44．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant 45．海水淡化装置Sea water desalting plant 46．热交换器 Heat exchanger 47．船用气瓶 Marine air bottle 48．冷风机 Cooler unit 49．防水风门 Fire damper 50．气密挡板 Gas tight damper 51．排气风机 Exhaust fan 52．舱室通风机 Cabin fan 53．机舱通风机 Engine room fan 54．应急鼓风机 Emergency blower 四、阀门(Words about valve) 1．吸气阀 Suction valve 2．排气阀 Exhaust valve 3．控制阀 Control valve 4．导 阀 Pilot valve 5．单向阀 Non-return valve 6．口琴阀 Flap valve 7．调节阀 Regulating valve 8．液压阀 Hydraulic valve 9．膨胀阀 Expansion valve 10．给水阀 Feed valve 11．排水阀 Discharge valve 12．截止阀 Stop valve 13．吹泄阀 Blow-off valve 14．空气阀 Air valve 15．泄放阀 Drain valve 16．止回阀 Check valve 17．海底阀 Sea valve 18．回流阀 Retune valve 19．节流阀 Throttle valve 20．进气阀 Inlet valve 21．出气阀 Outlet valve 22．热力阀 Thermal valve 23．中央阀 Center valve 24．单向阀 One way valve 25．二通阀 Two way valve 26．三通阀 Triple valve 27．旁通阀 By-pass valve 28．换向阀 Change-over valve 29．减压阀 Pressure-reducing valve 30．溢流阀 Overflow valve 31．自闭阀 Self-locking valve 32．针阀 Needle valve 33．平衡阀 Balance valve 34．循环阀 Circulation valve 35．主 阀 Main valve 36．滑 阀 Slide valve 37．蝶 阀 Butter-fly valve 38．截止阀 Shut-off valve 39．闸板阀 Gate valve 40．通海阀 Sea suction valve 41．吹除阀 Sea chest cleaning valve 42．防浪阀 Storm valve 43．舱壁阀 Bulkhead valve 44．快关阀 Emergency shut off valve 45．呼吸阀 Breather valve 五、泵类(Words about pump) 1．电动泵 Motor-driven pump 2．柱塞泵 Plunger pump 3．叶片泵 Vane pump 4．回转泵 Rotary pump 5．齿轮泵 Gear pump 6．往复泵 Reciprocating pump 7．离心泵 Centrifugal pump 1．电动泵 Motor-driven pump 2．柱塞泵 Plunger pump 3．叶片泵 Vane pump 4．回转泵 Rotary pump 5．齿轮泵 Gear pump 6．往复泵 Reciprocating pump 7．离心泵 Centrifugal pump 8．真空泵 Vacuum pump 9．螺杆泵 Screw pump 10．喷射泵 Ejector pump 11．冷却泵 Cooling pump 12．淡水泵 Fresh water pump 13．海水泵 Sea water pump 14．给水泵 Feed water pump 15．循环泵 Circulating pump 16．锅炉给水泵 Boiler feed pump 17．卫生水泵 Sanitary pump 18．压载泵 Ballast pump 19．舱底泵 Bilge pump 20．污水泵 Sewage pump 21．燃油泵 Fuel pump 22．高压油泵 High pressure pump 23．底压油泵 Low pressure pump 24．驳运泵 Transfer pump 25．增压泵 Booster pump 26．消防泵 Fire pump 27．通用泵 G.S. pump 28．旋涡泵 Regenerative 29．蜗壳泵 Volute pump 30．导叶泵 Diffuser pump 31．单联泵 Simplex pump 32．双联泵 Duplex pump 33．多联泵 Multiplex pump34．活塞泵 Piston pump35．减摇泵 Anti-roll pump 36．总用泵 General service pump 37．应急消防泵Emergency fire pump 38．扫舱泵 Stripping pump 39．货油泵 Cargo oil pump40．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery）1．锚机 Windlass2．锚机轴 Windlass shaft3．刹车带 Brake lining4．离合器 Clutch5．锚链轮 Anchor Chain wheel 6．轴承瓦 Bearing bush7．轴承盖 Bearing cover8．绞揽机 Capstan9．系揽绞车 Mooring winch10．卷缆车 Reel11．钢丝绳 Wire rope12．卡环 Shackle13．缆绳 Mooring rope14．滑轮 Block15．刹车装置 Brake device16．制链器 Anchor chain stopper 17．舱盖滚轮 Hatch cover wheel 18．舱盖铰链 Hatch cover hinge 19．液压油缸 Hydraulic jack20．起货机 Cargo winch21．可令吊 Crane22．生活吊 Accommodation crane 23．吊杆 Derrick boom24．桅杆 Mast25．救生艇 Lifeboat26．艇架 Davit27．艇机 Lifeboat capstan28．救生筏 Life raft29．救生衣 Life jacket七、工具类(Word about tools)1．车床 Lathe2．刨床 Planing machine3．钻床 Drill machine4．砂轮机 Grinding machine 5．磨床 Grinder6．铣床 Milling machine7．镗床 Boring machine8．手锤Engineer’s hammer 9．冲击板手 Impact wrench10．板手 Spanner11．活络板手 Screw spanner12．梅花板手 Ring spanner13．呆扳手 Open spanner15．套筒板手 Socket spanner16．管子钳 Pipe spanner17．螺丝刀 Screw driver18．钢丝钳 Wire pliers19．尖嘴钳 Long nose pliers 20．钢锯 Hack saw21．剪刀 Scissors22．手电筒 Torch23．扁铲(凿子) Chisel24．锉刀 File25．丝攻 Thread tap26．板牙 Thread die27．绞刀 Reamer28．刮刀 Scraper29．油石 Oil stone30．拔子(拉马) Puller31．沙布 Emery cloth32．破布 Rag 33．卷尺 Measuring tape34．空心冲 Hole punch35．样冲 Joint punch36．油壶 Oil gun37．牛油枪 Grease gun38．手电钻 Handle drill39．钻头 Drill40．液压千斤 Hydraulic jack.41．塞尺 Feeler gauge42．游标卡尺 Vernier caliper43．外卡尺 Outside calipers44．内卡尺 Inside calipers45．螺纹量规 Screw gauge46．桥规 Bridge gauge47．电焊机 Electrode welding machine48．气焊机 Gas welding machine49．电焊钳 Electric welding pliers50．气割枪 Cutting touch51．电焊条 Electric soldering iron52．电工刀 Electrician knife53．电笔 Test pen54．剥线钳 Wire stripping pliers55．圆规 Compass56．量表 Gauge57．拐档表 Crank deflection gauge58．深度规 Depth gauge59．千分表 Micrometer gauge60．台虎钳 Table vice61．柴油 Diesel oil62．滑油 Lubricating oil63．液压油 Hydraulic oil64．重油 Heavy oil65．燃油 Fuel oil66．黄油 Grease67．螺栓 Bolt68．螺帽 Nut69．垫片 Washer70．研磨沙 Grinding sand71．研磨膏 Grinding paste72．石棉板 Asbestos plate73．青壳纸 Fish paper74．盘根 Packing75．细钢丝 Thin steel wire76．密封圈 Rubber seal ring77．塑料管 Plastic pipe78．胶皮管 Rubber hose79．电灯泡 Electric bulb80．工作灯 Working lamp81．插头 Electric plug82．插座 Electric socket.93．喷砂机 Sand blaster outfit94．空气马达 Air motor95．油柜清洁器 Tank cleaning machine96．高压冲水机High pressure hose forhydraulic97．真空泵 Vacuum pump98．套筒扳手组 Socket wrench set99．深头套筒 Deep socket wrench100．套筒扳手 Box wrench101．单开口扳手 Single open end wrench102．双开口扳手 Double open end wrench103．转矩扳手 Torque wrench104．电动机扳手 Motor wrench105．侧剪钳 Slide cutting plier106．活节钳 Combination plier107．可调快速扳手Speed wrench108．螺丝起子 Screwdriver109．偏向螺丝起子Offset screw110．六角螺帽起子组Hexagon nut drivers set111．手摇钻 Straight hand drill112．手工锯 Hacksaw frame113．锯片 Hacksaw blade114．砂纸 Silicon paper115．手拉葫芦 Chain block116．高压管 High pressure hose117．液压千金顶 Hydraulic jack118．锤子 Hammer119．平錾 Cold chisel120．活动扳手 Adjustable wrench121．螺丝刀 Screwdriver122．侧剪铗 Side cutting hipper123．螺栓剪 Cable cutter124．敲击管钳 Rap wrench125．砂轮 Grinding wheel126．老虎钳 Utility vise127．直梯 Straight ladder128．踏梯 Step ladder129．平台推车 Platform trunk130．搬平车 Gas cylinder carrier131．给油机 Grease lubricator132．强力油泵 Heavy duty pump oiler133．油壶 Oil jag134．麻花钻 Twist drill135．绞刀 Pin reamer136．旋转中心钻Rolling center137．外径测微计Outside micrometer withcounter138．六折式尺 Six-folding rule139．弹性带尺 Convex rule140．不锈钢直尺 Stainless steel straightrule141．平面规 Surface gauge142．平行直角定规Precision flat try square143．温度计 Thermometer八、常用物料(Material in common use)1．阀研磨剂 valve grinding compound2．电焊条 steel electrode3．气焊条 Steel welding wire4．细钢丝绳 Seizing wire5．刚焊条 Steel welding rod6．紫铜管 Copper tube7．乙炔气瓶 Acetylene cylinder8．木屑 Saw dust9．水泥 Cement10．石灰 Lime11．帆布手套 Canvas glove12．垫片 Gasket.13．氧气瓶 Oxygen cylinder14．抹布 Rag15．垫隙片 Shim16．电线 Wire17．电缆 Electric cylinder18．电池 Rag19．灯泡 Bulb20．胶布 Insulating tape21．插头 Plug22．插座 Socket23．保险丝 Fuse24．不锈钢 Stainless steel25．铸铁 Cast iron26．黄铜 Brass27．青铜 Bronze28．铝合金 Aluminium alloy29．橡胶 Rubber30．石棉 Asbestus31．低碳钢 Soft steel32．高碳钢 High-carbon steel33．合金钢 Alloy steel34．木材 Wood35．塑料 Plastic36．球墨铸铁 Nodular iron九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use) 1．螺栓 Bolt2．螺丝 Screw3．螺母 Nut4．方头螺栓 Sq head bolt5．埋头螺栓 Counter sunk head screw 6．套筒螺栓 Socket head bolt7．定位螺栓 Set screw8．十字接头 Cross9．锥形销 Taper pin10．锁紧螺母 Lock nut11．六角头螺栓 Hex head bolt十、常用油类(Oil in common use)1．汽油 Gas oil2．煤油 Kerosene3．润滑油 Lubricating oil4．汽缸油 Cylinder oil5．压缩机油 Compressor oil6．齿轮油 Gear oil7．机油 Motor oil8．凡士林 Vaseline9．燃油 Fuel oil10．油脂 Grease11．柴油 Diesel oil十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) 1．件，只，个 Piece2．条，张，片 Sheet3．双 Pair4．套，组，副 Set.5．盒 Box6．箱 Case7．瓶 Bottle8．米 Meter9．厘米 Centimeter10．毫米 Millimeter11．公斤 Kilogram12．克 Gram13．公升 Liter14．平方 Square15．袋 Bag16．码 Yard17．吨 Ton18．磅 Pound19．加仑 Gallon20．立方 Cubic十二、国家名称(Name of country)1．中国 China2．美国 American3．日本 Japan4．英国 Britain5．法国 France6．德国 German7．韩国 South Korea8．希腊 Greece9．泰国 Thailand10．印度 India11．挪威 Norway12．俄罗斯 Russia13．新加坡 Singapore14．澳大利亚 Australia15．伊朗 Iran16．丹麦 Denmark17．加拿大 Canada18．丹麦 Denmark19．芬兰 Finland 20．巴基斯坦 Pakistan21．意大利 Italy十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use)1．主机 M/E2．付机 A/E3．阀 V/V4．泵 P/P5．备车 St/by6．完车 F.W.E.7．前进三 FAHD8．微速后退 D.S.Ast9．前进二 H.Ahd10．高压 H.P.11．低压 L.P.12．重油/柴油 H.O./D.O.13．前后 F/A14．左舷 P: port15．无人机舱 UMS16．自动 Auto17．气缸 Cyl18．燃油柜 19．滑油柜 20．沉淀柜 .21．排出 Disc22．吸入 Suct23．柴油柜 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word)1．停靠 Alongside2．接近 Approach3．停泊 Berth4．浮筒 Buoy5．码头 Pier6．港口 Port7．移泊 Shift8．航次 Voyage9．试验 Try10．值班 Watch11．航行 Sail十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment)1．调整 Adjust2．压载 Ballast3．转换 Change over4．清洁 Clean5．联接 Connect6．排放压载 Deballast7．放残水 Drain8．卸载 Off9．油漆 Paint10．接通 Put on11．吹灰 Soot blown12．开始 Start13．顶端 Top14．洗 Wash15．吹 Blow16．检查 Check17．铲 Chip18．断开 Cut out19．排放 Discharge20．除垢 Descale21．检验 Examine22．受载 On(load)23．用泵排出 Pump out24．调整 Set25．停止 Stop26．调驳 Transfer27．加满 Top up十六、故障常用单词 (words about malfunction)1．失常的 Abnormal2．烧坏 Burn3．堵塞 Clog4．裂缝 Crack5．变形 Deform6．毁坏 Destroy7．磨损 Wear8．出故障 In trouble9．敲击 Knock10．松开 Loose11．不对中 Misalign12．不足的 Insufficient13．失灵 Out of order14．过载 Overload15．过度磨损 Over-worn16．尺寸过大 Oversized17．尺寸过小 Under-sized18．振动 Vibrate19．不平的 Uneven20．不准确 Inaccurate21．全船断电 Black out22．出故障 Fail23．关掉 Shut off24．弯曲 Bend25．停车 Break drown26．腐蚀 Corrode27．腐蚀的 Corrosive28．损坏 Damage29．有毛病的 Faulty30．有缺陷的 Defective31．破裂 Fracture32．卡住 Jam33．漏泄 Leak34．漏泄的 Leaky35．融化 Melt36．噪声 Noise37．过热 Overheat38．咬住 Seize39．紧的 Tight40．松的 Loosen41．发现 Find42．停止 Stop43．脏的 Dirty44．油污的 greasy45．失效的 ineffective46．椭圆形的 oval47．点不着火 misfire48．接错 misjoin49．放错 misplace50．老化 perish51．麻点 pit52．凸起 ridge53．划伤 score54．拉痕 scuff十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination)1．卡死 Blind2．用卡钳量 Caliper3．关闭 Close4．解体 Disassemble5．安装 Fix6．组装 Box up7．检验 Check8．拆卸 Dismantle9．装配 Fit10．紧固 Fasten11．测量 Gauge12．安装 Install13．测量 Measure14．打开 Open 15．上油漆 Paint 16．换新 Renew 17．上紧 Tighten 18．洗 Wash 19．涂油脂 Grease 20．松开 Loosen 21．加油 Oil22．检修 Overhaul 23．重新组装 Reassemble 24．测取读数 Take reading 25．拧开螺栓 Unbolt 26．抽出 Withdraw十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 一 One 二 Two 三 Three 四 Four 五 Five 六 Six 七 Seven 八 Eight 九 Nine 十 Ten 十一 Eleven 十二 Twelve 十三 Thirteen 十四 Fourteen 十五 Fifteen 十六 Sixteen 十七 Seventeen 十八 Eighteen十九 Nineteen 二十 Twenty 三十 Thirty 四十 Forty 五十 Fifty 六十 Sixty 七十 Seventy 八十 Eighty 九十 Ninety 百 Hundred 千 Thousand 万 Ten thousand 百万 Million 第一 First 第二 Second 第三 Third 第四 Fourth 第五 Fifth 第六 Sixth 第七 Seventh 第八 Eighth 第九 Ninth 第十 Tenth 第十一 Eleventh 第十二 Twelfth 第二十 Twentieth十九、时间、季节与方向(Time 、Season and Direction) 1．星期一 Monday 2．星期二 Tuesday 3．星期三 Wednesday 4．星期四 Thursday 5．星期五 Friday 6．星期六 Saturday 7．星期日 Sunday8．春季 Spring 9．夏季 Summer 10．秋季 Autumn 11．冬季 Winter 12．一月 January 13．二月 February 14．三月 March 15．四月 April 16．五月 May 17．六月 June 18．七月 July 19．八月 August 20．九月 September 21．十月 October 22．十一月 November 23．十二月 December 24．小时 Hour 25．分钟 Minute 26．秒 Second 27．月 Month 28．天 Day 29．夜 Night 30．周 Week 31．早晨、上午 Morning 32．下午 Afternoon 33．傍晚 Evening 34．正午 Noon 35．今天 Today 36．昨天 Yesterday 37．明天 Tomorrow 38．前天 The day before yesterday 39．后天 The day after tomorrow 40．本周 This week 41．上周 Last week 42．下周 Next week 43．九月十日 Sep.10th44．去年 Last year 45．明年 Next year 46．上周二 Last Tuesday 47．下周一 Next Monday 48．东 East 49．西 West 50．南 South 51．北 North 52．西北 Northwest 53．东北 Northeast 54．东南 Southeast 55．西南 Southwest 56．世纪 Century 二十、常用词组（Phrases in common use ） 1234．发现不正常 found out of order 5．发现不合标准 found not up to standard 6．发现不准确 found inaccurate 7．发现失去作用 found out of function 8．发现轧住 found seized 9．发现过热 found overheated 10．发现过度磨损 found excessive wear 11．发现过度磨掉 found worn out 12．发现有一点倾斜 found a little bit inclined 13．发现不正常 found abnormal 14． 发现因过热而损坏found destroyed by overheating 15．发现龟裂 found chapped 16．发现塌陷 found collapsed 17．发现运转失灵 found out of operation 18．发现呈椭圆形 found oval 19．发现拉痕 found scored 20．发现拉毛 found scuffed 21．发现变形 found deformed 22．发现松动 found loose 23．发现油污 found greasy 24．发现肮脏 found dirty 25．发现咬住 found stuck 26．发现挤压 found squeezed 27．发现弯曲 found bent 28．发现故障 found faulty 29．发现损坏 found damaged30．发现破碎成片 found broken to pieces 31．发现部分剥离 found partly detached 32．发现部分堵塞 found partly choked 33．发现剧烈震动 found violent vibration 34．发现烧坏 found burnt 35．发现断裂 found fractured 36．发现接地 found earthed 37．发现敲缸 found knocking 38．发现溶化 found melted away 39．发现泄漏 found leaking (found leaky) 40．发现冻结 found stuck fast by icing 41．发现锈蚀 found rusty 42．发现失效 found ineffective 43．发现故障 found out of order 44．发现结霜 found frosted 45．发现丢失 found lost 46．发现出故障 found in trouble 47．发现失灵 found out of order 48．发现失灵 found out of action 49．发现不一致 found out of operation 50．发现错位 found out of place 二十一、常用动词和例句(Verb in common use and example) 1．借 borrow 我要向你借这份图纸 I want to borrow the drawing from you. 我可以向你借这个手锤吗? May I borrow the hammer from you? 2．裂 break 阀杆断裂了 The valve spindle is broken. 滚动轴承断裂成碎片了 The ball bearing are broken to pieces. 3．加强 build up 叶轮应该堆焊 The impeller should be built up by welding. 4． 烧 burn 电动机烧了 The motor is burnt. 5． 进行 carry out 应进行负载试验 The load test should be carried out. 6．吹blow管子必须用压缩空气吹清 The pipe should be blown with compressed air. 7．铸 cast 按原样铸造一个Cast one piece as per sample. 8．引起 cause 损坏是有剧烈振动引起的The damage was caused by violent vibration. 9．倒角 chamfer 油槽须倒角 Oil groove is to be chamfered. 法兰切削后须倒角The flange should bechamfered after being machined.10．换掉 change 把它们换掉,否则我拒绝验收Have them changed, otherwise I refuse toaccept them.11．龟裂 chap轴瓦上的白合金龟裂了The white metal on the bearing bush is chapped.12．核查 check用桥规核查主轴承Check the main bearing with bridge gauge.修理前后要核查拐档Check the crankshaft deflection before and after repair.13．清洁 clean装前须清洁 Clean it before fit back. 14．阻塞 clog燃油滤器阻塞了 The fuel filter is clogged. 15．涂漆 coat用红丹涂管子 Coat the pipe with red lead. 泵壳里涂防护漆The pump casing is to be coated with anti-fouling.16．完成 complete finish你什么时候能完成修理工作?When can you complete (finish) the repair job? 17．连接 connect把电动机和淡水泵连接起来Connect the motor with the fresh water pump 18．腐蚀 corrode泵壳和叶轮均有腐蚀The pump casing and impeller are corroded.19．盖 cover请把所有卸下的部件盖起来Please cover all the removed parts. 20．裂二号缸头裂开穿透至冷却水空间No.2 cylinder head is cracked.21．吊 crane把液压马达吊上岸去修理Crane the hydraulic motor ashore for repair.22．割 cut把底座割掉Cut off the bedplate.23．损坏 damage滚动轴承严重损坏The ball bearings are seriously damaged. 24．脱落 detach白合金部分脱落了The white metal is partly detached.25．查看 detect查看氟里昂系统有无泄漏Detect the Freon system for leakage.26．解体 disassemble解体,清洁并检查高压油泵Disassemble, clean and check the H.P. fuel pump.27．脱开 disconnect把起动空气管脱开Disconnect the starting air pipe.将发电机与原动机脱开。

一．职位及工种(Titles and type of work) 1．船长 Captain 2．大副 Chief officer 3．二副 Second officer 4．三副 Third officer 5．四副 Fourth officer 6．水手长 Boatswain 7．水手 Sailor & Seaman 8．木匠 Carpenter 9．轮机长 Chief engineer 10．大管轮 Second engineer 11．二管轮 Third engineer 12．三管轮 Fourth engineer 13．机匠长 Chief motorman 15．机匠 Fitter 16．加油工 Oil man 17．大电 Chief electrician 18．电工 Electrician 19．车间主任 Workshop director 20．工长 Section chief 21．班长 Fore man22．钳工 23．主管工程师 Engineer in charge24．机务&船东 Superintendent &Super &Owner 25．助理工程师 Assistant engineer 26．验船师（机）Register 27．验船师（船）Surveyor 28．油漆工 Painter 29．焊工 Welder 30．大橱 Chief cook 31．物料员 Store keeper 32．加油工 Oiler33．机工 Mechanic 34．甲板员 Deck man 35．电线工 Wireman 36．外包工 Laborer 37．铸工 Molder 38．管子工 Pipe fitter 39．起重工 Crane operator二、柴油机类1．主机 2．二冲程柴油机 3．四冲程柴油机 Fore-stroke diesel engine4．高速柴油机 High speed diesel engine 5．中速柴油机 Middle speed diesel engine 6．低速柴油机 Low speed diesel engine 7．气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head 8．安全阀 Safety valve 9．释放阀 Relief valve 10．示功阀 Indicator valve 11．示功考克 Indicator cock 12．空气起动阀 Air starting valve13．起动空气分配器 Air starting distributor 14．油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector 15．排气阀 Exhaust valve 16．气缸套 Cylinder liner17．冷却水套 Cooling water jacket 18．气缸注油器 Cylinder lubricator 19．活塞 Piston20．活塞头 Piston crown 21．活塞裙 22．活塞销 24．活塞杆 25．活塞环 Piston ring26．活塞环槽 Piston ring groove 27．压缩环 (气环) Compression ring 28．刮油环 (油环) Oil scraper ring29．减磨令 Wear ring (copper ring) 30．伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe31．活塞冷却空间 Piston cooling space 32．填料箱(函) Stuffing box33．填料箱密封环Sealing ring for Stuffing box 34．填料箱压缩环 Pressure ring for Stuffing box 35．填料箱刮油环 Scraper ring for Stuffing box 36．扫气箱 Scavenging receiver 37．扫气口 Scavenging port 38．排气口 Exhaust port 39．十字头 Cross head 40．十字头销 Crosshead pin 41．十字头轴承 Crosshead bearing 42．十字头滑块 Crosshead slipper 43．滑块 44．十字头导板 45．连杆 46．连杆大端轴承 47．连杆小端轴承 Small end bearing 48．曲柄轴承 Crank bearing 49．曲柄销 Crank pin 50．曲轴 Crank shaft 51．曲轴颈 Crank journal 52．曲柄臂 Crank web53．拐档差Crank deflection54．主轴承Main bearing55．主轴颈Main journal56．轴承瓦Bearing bush57．上轴瓦Upper bearing bush58．上轴瓦Upper half59．下轴瓦Lower bearing bush60．下轴瓦Lower half61．推力轴承Thrust bearing62．推力块Thrust pad63．推力盘Thrust disc64．推力轴Thrust shaft65．底座Bed plate66．机架67．曲柄箱68．曲柄箱导门69．曲柄箱防爆门Explosion-proof Crank case.70．定时齿轮Timing gear71．飞轮Flying wheel72．凸轮Cam73．凸轮轴Cam shaft74．喷油凸轮Fuel injection cam75．链条Chain76．链条轮Chain wheel77．链条箱Chain box78．推杆Push rod79．摇臂Rocker arm80．排气阀Exhaust valve81．吸气阀Suction valve82．排气总管Exhaust manifold83．进气总管Air inlet manifold84．高压燃油管High pressure fuel pipe85．活塞冷却水管Piston cooling water pipe86．法兰Flange87．贯穿螺栓Tie bolt (tie rod)88．端盖89．滑油泵90．燃油泵91．滑油泵齿轮Gear for lubricating oil pump92．燃油泵齿轮Gear for fuel oil pump93．叶轮Impeller94．柱塞Plunger95．导杆Guide rod96．导套Sleeve97．滚动轴承Ball bearing98．滑动轴承Sliding bearing99．推力滚动轴承Thrust ball bearing100．推力面Thrust surface (thrust side)101．盘车机Turning gear102．增压器Turbocharger103．涡轮机(透平)Turbine104．涡轮Turbine wheel105．涡轮叶片Turbine blade106．喷嘴Nozzle107．废气叶轮Exhaust impeller108．废气叶轮片Exhaust blade109．废气端Exhaust side110．透平端111．转子轴112．油泵113．换向装置Reversing device114．换向伺服期Reversing servomotor115．压气机(鼓风机) Blower116．膨胀接Expansion joint117．调速器governor118．飞重Flying weight119．补偿阀Compensate valve120．针阀Needle valve121．开口销Cotter pin122．轴封Shaft seal123．机械密封Machinery seal124．配电盘Switchboard125．应急配电盘Emergency switchboard126．应急发电机Emergency generator127．滤器Filter128．细滤器Filter129．粗滤器Strainer130．滑油滤器L.O. filter131．燃油滤器 F.O. filter132132．空气滤器133．空气瓶134．分油机Separator135．油水分离器Water-oil separator136．净油机Purifier137．燃油净化器 F.O. purifier138．二氧化碳CO2139．二氧化碳瓶CO2 bottle140．正时齿轮Timing gear141．导向棒装置Guide bar142．注油器驱动Lubricator driver143．链条张紧装置Chain tightener144．凸轮轴传动轮Chain wheel on cam shaft145．中间链链传动轮Intermediate chain wheel146．注油器驱动装置Lubricator drive147．链条张紧装置Chain tightener148．滚筒导座Roller guide housing149．应急操纵台Emergency console150．力矩平衡器151．主启动阀152153．喷油器Fuel valve154．扫气系统Scavenge air system155．安全帽Safety cap156．机座Bed plate157．轴向振动减振器Axial vibration damper158．贯穿螺栓Arrangement of stay bolt159．示功器驱动装置Indicator driver160．端罩End shields161．气缸架Cylinder frame162．气阀传动装置Valve operating device163．摇臂润滑油泵Rocker arm lubricating oilpump164．摇臂润滑油柜Rocker arm lubricating tank165．摇臂润滑滤器Rocker arm lubricating filter三、船舶机械类1．船用锅炉2．废气锅炉3．辅锅炉Donkey boiler4．组合式锅炉Combined boiler5．火管Fire tube6．给水管Feed pipe7．炉膛Furnace8．炉墙Furnace wall9．火侧Fire side10．水侧Water side11．燃烧器Oil burner12．安全阀Safety valve13．上排污Upper drain14．下排污Lower drain15．锅炉皮阀Mounting valve16．水位计Water level gauge17．压力表Pressure gauge18．主汽门Main steam valve19．玻璃管Glass tube20．空调装置Air-conditioning plant21．制冷装置Refrigerating plant22．冰机Fridge. Machine23．空气压缩机Air compressor24．造水机Fresh water generator25．板式冷却器Plate type cooler26．机舱天车Engine room crane27．天车导轨Crane rail28．电磁阀Solenoid valve29．舵机Steering gear30．舵承Rudder bearing carrier31．液压缸Hydraulic cylinder32．废气涡轮增压器Exhaust gas turbocharger33．弹簧阀Spring loaded valve34．冷凝器Condenser35．分油器Oil separator36．轴带发电机Shaft generator37．焚烧炉Oil burner38．分油机Separator39．分离筒Separator bowl40．配水盘装置Paring disc device41．转数计Revolution counter42．控制阀Control valve43．辅机44．制冷装置45．海水淡化装置Sea water desalting plant46．热交换器Heat exchanger47．船用气瓶Marine air bottle48．冷风机Cooler unit49．防水风门Fire damper50．气密挡板Gas tight damper51．排气风机Exhaust fan52．舱室通风机Cabin fan53．机舱通风机Engine room fan54．应急鼓风机Emergency blower四、阀门1．吸气阀2．排气阀Exhaust valve3．控制阀Control valve4．导阀Pilot valve5．单向阀Non-return valve6．口琴阀Flap valve7．调节阀Regulating valve8．液压阀Hydraulic valve9．膨胀阀Expansion valve10．给水阀Feed valve11．排水阀Discharge valve12．截止阀Stop valve13．吹泄阀Blow-off valve14．空气阀Air valve15．泄放阀Drain valve16．止回阀Check valve17．海底阀Sea valve18．回流阀Retune valve19．节流阀Throttle valve20．进气阀Inlet valve21．出气阀Outlet valve22．热力阀23．中央阀24．单向阀25．二通阀Two way valve26．三通阀Triple valve27．旁通阀By-pass valve28．换向阀Change-over valve29．减压阀Pressure-reducing valve30．溢流阀Overflow valve31．自闭阀Self-locking valve32．针阀Needle valve33．平衡阀Balance valve34．循环阀Circulation valve35．主阀Main valve36．滑阀Slide valve37．蝶阀Butter-fly valve38．截止阀Shut-off valve39．闸板阀Gate valve40．通海阀Sea suction valve41．吹除阀Sea chest cleaning valve42．防浪阀Storm valve43．舱壁阀Bulkhead valve44．快关阀Emergency shut off valve45．呼吸阀Breather valve五、泵类1．电动泵2．柱塞泵3．叶片泵Vane pump4．回转泵Rotary pump5．齿轮泵Gear pump6．往复泵Reciprocating pump7．离心泵Centrifugal pump1．电动泵Motor-driven pump2．柱塞泵Plunger pump3．叶片泵Vane pump4．回转泵Rotary pump5．齿轮泵Gear pump6．往复泵Reciprocating pump7．离心泵Centrifugal pump8．真空泵Vacuum pump9．螺杆泵Screw pump10．喷射泵Ejector pump11．冷却泵Cooling pump12．淡水泵Fresh water pump13．海水泵Sea water pump14．给水泵Feed water pump15．循环泵Circulating pump16．锅炉给水泵Boiler feed pump1718．压载泵19．舱底泵20．污水泵21．燃油泵Fuel pump22．高压油泵High pressure pump23．底压油泵Low pressure pump24．驳运泵Transfer pump25．增压泵Booster pump26．消防泵Fire pump27．通用泵G.S. pump28．旋涡泵Regenerative29．蜗壳泵V olute pump30．导叶泵Diffuser pump31．单联泵Simplex pump32．双联泵Duplex pump33．多联泵Multiplex pump34．活塞泵Piston pump35．减摇泵Anti-roll pump36．总用泵General service pump37．应急消防泵Emergency fire pump38．扫舱泵Stripping pump39．货油泵Cargo oil pump40．滑油泵Lubricating oil pump）1．锚机2．锚机轴Windlass shaft3．刹车带Brake lining4．离合器Clutch5．锚链轮Anchor Chain wheel6．轴承瓦Bearing bush7．轴承盖Bearing cover8．绞揽机Capstan9．系揽绞车Mooring winch10．卷缆车Reel11．钢丝绳Wire rope12．卡环Shackle13．缆绳Mooring rope14．滑轮Block15．刹车装置Brake device16．制链器Anchor chain stopper17．舱盖滚轮Hatch cover wheel18．舱盖铰链Hatch cover hinge19．液压油缸Hydraulic jack20．起货机Cargo winch21．可令吊Crane22．生活吊23．吊杆24．桅杆Mast25．救生艇Lifeboat26．艇架Davit27．艇机Lifeboat capstan28．救生筏Life raft29．救生衣Life jacket1．车床2．刨床3．钻床Drill machine4．砂轮机Grinding machine5．磨床Grinder6．铣床Milling machine7．镗床Boring machine8．手锤Engineer’s hammer9．冲击板手Impact wrench10．板手Spanner11．活络板手Screw spanner12．梅花板手Ring spanner13．呆扳手Open spanner15．套筒板手Socket spanner16．管子钳Pipe spanner17．螺丝刀Screw driver18．钢丝钳Wire pliers19．尖嘴钳Long nose pliers20．钢锯Hack saw21．剪刀Scissors22．手电筒Torch23．扁铲(凿子)24．锉刀File25．丝攻26．板牙Thread die27．绞刀Reamer28．刮刀Scraper29．油石Oil stone30．拔子(拉马) Puller31．沙布Emery cloth32．破布Rag33．卷尺Measuring tape34．空心冲Hole punch35．样冲Joint punch36．油壶Oil gun37．牛油枪Grease gun38．手电钻Handle drill39．钻头Drill40．液压千斤Hydraulic jack.41．塞尺Feeler gauge42．游标卡尺Vernier caliper43．外卡尺Outside calipers44．内卡尺Inside calipers4546．桥规47．电焊机48．气焊机Gas welding machine49．电焊钳Electric welding pliers50．气割枪Cutting touch51．电焊条Electric soldering iron52．电工刀Electrician knife53．电笔Test pen54．剥线钳Wire stripping pliers55．圆规Compass56．量表Gauge57．拐档表Crank deflection gauge58．深度规Depth gauge59．千分表Micrometer gauge60．台虎钳Table vice61．柴油Diesel oil62．滑油Lubricating oil63．液压油Hydraulic oil64．重油Heavy oil65．燃油Fuel oil66．黄油Grease67．螺栓Bolt68．螺帽Nut69．垫片Washer70．研磨沙 Grinding sand 71．研磨膏 Grinding paste 72．石棉板 Asbestos plate 73．青壳纸 Fish paper 74．盘根 Packing75．细钢丝 Thin steel wire 76．密封圈 Rubber seal ring 77．塑料管 Plastic pipe 78．胶皮管 Rubber hose 79．电灯泡 Electric bulb 80．工作灯 Working lamp 81．插头 Electric plug 82．插座 Electric socket.93． 喷砂机 Sand blaster outfit 94． 空气马达 Air motor95．油柜清洁器 Tank cleaning machine 96．高压冲水机 High pressure hose for hydraulic 97．真空泵 Vacuum pump 98．套筒扳手组 Socket wrench set 99． 深头套筒100．套筒扳手101．单开口扳手 102．双开口扳手 Double open end wrench 103．转矩扳手 Torque wrench 104．电动机扳手 Motor wrench 105．侧剪钳 Slide cutting plier 106．活节钳 Combination plier 107．可调快速扳手Speed wrench 108．螺丝起子 Screwdriver 109．偏向螺丝起子Offset screw110．六角螺帽起子组Hexagon nut drivers set 111．手摇钻 Straight hand drill 112．手工锯 Hacksaw frame 113．锯片 Hacksaw blade 114．砂纸 Silicon paper 115．手拉葫芦 Chain block116．高压管 High pressure hose 117．液压千金顶 Hydraulic jack 118．锤子 Hammer 119．平錾 Cold chisel120．活动扳手 Adjustable wrench 121．螺丝刀122．侧剪铗123．螺栓剪 124．敲击管钳 Rap wrench 125．砂轮 Grinding wheel 126．老虎钳 Utility vise 127．直梯 Straight ladder 128．踏梯 Step ladder 129．平台推车 Platform trunk130．搬平车 Gas cylinder carrier 131．给油机 Grease lubricator132．强力油泵 Heavy duty pump oiler 133．油壶 Oil jag 134．麻花钻 Twist drill 135．绞刀 Pin reamer 136．旋转中心钻Rolling center137．外径测微计Outside micrometer with counter 138．六折式尺 Six-folding rule 139．弹性带尺 Convex rule140．不锈钢直尺 Stainless steel straight rule 141．平面规 Surface gauge142．平行直角定规Precision flat try square 143．温度计 Thermometer八、常用物料1．阀研磨剂 2．电焊条 steel electrode 3．气焊条 Steel welding wire 4．细钢丝绳 Seizing wire 5．刚焊条 Steel welding rod 6．紫铜管 Copper tube7．乙炔气瓶 Acetylene cylinder 8．木屑 Saw dust 9．水泥 Cement 10．石灰 Lime11．帆布手套 Canvas glove 12．垫片 Gasket.13．氧气瓶 Oxygen cylinder 14．抹布 Rag 15．垫隙片 Shim 16．电线 Wire17．电缆 Electric cylinder 18．电池 Rag 19．灯泡 Bulb20．胶布 Insulating tape 21．插头 Plug 22．插座 Socket 23．保险丝 Fuse24．不锈钢 25．铸铁 26．黄铜 27．青铜 Bronze28．铝合金 Aluminium alloy 29．橡胶 Rubber 30．石棉 Asbestus 31．低碳钢 Soft steel32．高碳钢 High-carbon steel 33．合金钢 Alloy steel 34．木材 Wood 35．塑料 Plastic36．球墨铸铁 Nodular iron九、常用紧固件in commonuse)1．螺栓Bolt2．螺丝Screw3．螺母Nut4．方头螺栓Sq head bolt5．埋头螺栓Counter sunk head screw6．套筒螺栓Socket head bolt7．定位螺栓Set screw8．十字接头Cross9．锥形销Taper pin10．锁紧螺母Lock nut11．六角头螺栓Hex head bolt十、常用油类(Oil in common use)1．汽油Gas oil2．煤油Kerosene3．润滑油Lubricating oil4．汽缸油Cylinder oil5．压缩机油Compressor oil6．齿轮油Gear oil7．机油Motor oil8．凡士林Vaseline9．燃油Fuel oil10．油脂Grease11．柴油十一、常用量词1．件，只，个2．条，张，片Sheet3．双Pair4．套，组，副Set.5．盒Box6．箱Case7．瓶Bottle8．米Meter9．厘米Centimeter10．毫米Millimeter11．公斤Kilogram12．克Gram13．公升Liter14．平方Square15．袋Bag16．码Yard17．吨Ton18．磅Pound19．加仑Gallon20．立方Cubic十二、国家名称1．中国China2．美国3．日本Japan4．英国Britain5．法国France6．德国German7．韩国South Korea8．希腊Greece9．泰国Thailand10．印度India11．挪威Norway12．俄罗斯Russia13．新加坡Singapore14．澳大利亚Australia15．伊朗Iran16．丹麦Denmark17．加拿大Canada18．丹麦Denmark19．芬兰Finland20．巴基斯坦Pakistan21．意大利Italy1M/E2A/E3．阀V/V4．泵P/P5．备车St/by6．完车 F.W.E.7．前进三FAHD8．微速后退 D.S.Ast9．前进二H.Ahd10．高压H.P.11．低压L.P.12．重油/柴油H.O./D.O.13．前后F/A14．左舷P: port15．无人机舱UMS16．自动Auto17．气缸Cyl18．燃油柜 19．滑油柜20．沉淀柜.21．排出Disc22．吸入Suct23．柴油柜 1．停靠2．接近3．停泊Berth4．浮筒Buoy5．码头Pier6．港口Port7．移泊Shift8．航次V oyage9．试验Try10．值班Watch11．航行Sail1．调整2．压载Ballast3．转换Change over4．清洁Clean5．联接Connect6．排放压载Deballast7．放残水Drain8．卸载Off9．油漆Paint10．接通Put on11．吹灰Soot blown12．开始Start13．顶端Top14．洗Wash15．吹Blow16．检查Check17．铲Chip18．断开Cut out19．排放Discharge20．除垢Descale21Examine22On(load)23Pump out24．调整Set25．停止Stop26．调驳Transfer27．加满Top up十六、故障常用单词1．失常的2．烧坏Burn3．堵塞Clog4．裂缝Crack5．变形Deform6．毁坏Destroy7．磨损Wear8．出故障In trouble9．敲击Knock10．松开Loose11．不对中Misalign12．不足的Insufficient13．失灵Out of order14．过载Overload15．过度磨损Over-worn16．尺寸过大Oversized17．尺寸过小Under-sized18．振动Vibrate19．不平的Uneven20．不准确Inaccurate21．全船断电Black out22．出故障23．关掉24．弯曲25．停车Break drown26．腐蚀Corrode27．腐蚀的Corrosive28．损坏Damage29．有毛病的Faulty30．有缺陷的 Defective 31．破裂 Fracture 32．卡住 Jam 33．漏泄 Leak 34．漏泄的 Leaky 35．融化 Melt 36．噪声 Noise 37．过热 Overheat 38．咬住 Seize 39．紧的 Tight 40．松的 Loosen 41．发现 Find 42．停止 Stop43．脏的 Dirty 44．油污的 45．失效的 46．椭圆形的 47．点不着火 misfire 48．接错 misjoin49．放错 misplace 50．老化 perish 51．麻点 pit 52．凸起 ridge53．划伤 score 54．拉痕 scuff1．卡死 Blind2．用卡钳量 Caliper 3．关闭 Close 4．解体 Disassemble 5．安装 Fix 6．组装 Box up 7．检验 Check 8．拆卸 Dismantle 9．装配 Fit 10．紧固 Fasten 11．测量 Gauge12．安装 Install 13．测量 Measure 14．打开 Open 15．上油漆 Paint 16．换新 Renew 17．上紧 Tighten 18．洗 Wash 19．涂油脂 Grease 20．松开 Loosen 21．加油 22．检修23．重新组装 Reassemble 24．测取读数 Take reading 25．拧开螺栓 Unbolt 26．抽出 Withdraw十八、常用数字一 One 二 Two三 Three 四 Four 五 Five 六 Six 七 Seven 八 Eight 九 Nine 十 Ten 十一 Eleven 十二 Twelve 十三 Thirteen 十四 Fourteen 十五 Fifteen 十六 Sixteen 十七 Seventeen 十八 Eighteen十九Nineteen二十Twenty三十Thirty四十Forty五十Fifty六十Sixty七十Seventy八十Eighty九十Ninety百Hundred千Thousand万Ten thousand百万Million第一First第二Second第三Third第四Fourth第五Fifth第六Sixth第七Seventh第八Eighth第九Ninth第十Tenth第十一Eleventh第十二Twelfth第二十Twentieth(Time、1．星期一Monday2．星期二Tuesday3．星期三Wednesday4．星期四Thursday5．星期五Friday6．星期六Saturday7．星期日Sunday8．春季Spring9．夏季Summer10．秋季Autumn11．冬季Winter12．一月January13．二月February14．三月March15．四月April16．五月May17．六月June18．七月July19．八月August20．九月September21．十月22．十一月November23．十二月December24．小时Hour25．分钟Minute26．秒Second27．月Month28．天Day29．夜Night30．周Week31．早晨、上午Morning32．下午Afternoon33．傍晚Evening34．正午Noon35．今天Today36．昨天Yesterday37．明天Tomorrow38．前天The day before yesterday39．后天The day after tomorrow40．本周This week41．上周Last week42．下周Next week43．九月十日44．去年45．明年Next year46．上周二Last Tuesday47．下周一Next Monday48．东East49．西West50．南South51．北North52．西北Northwest53．东北Northeast54．东南Southeast55．西南Southwest56．世纪Century）1found beyond repair2．发现尺寸过大found over-sized3．发现反应缓慢found slow function4．发现不正常found out of order5．发现不合标准found not up to standard6．发现不准确 found inaccurate 7．发现失去作用 found out of function 8．发现轧住 found seized 9．发现过热 found overheated 10．发现过度磨损 found excessive wear 11．发现过度磨掉 found worn out12．发现有一点倾斜 found a little bit inclined 13．发现不正常 found abnormal14． 发现因过热而损坏found destroyed byoverheating15．发现龟裂 found chapped 16．发现塌陷 found collapsed17．发现运转失灵 found out of operation 18．发现呈椭圆形 found oval 19．发现拉痕 found scored 20．发现拉毛 found scuffed 21．发现变形 22．发现松动 23．发现油污 found greasy 24．发现肮脏 found dirty 25．发现咬住 found stuck 26．发现挤压 found squeezed 27．发现弯曲 found bent 28．发现故障 found faulty 29．发现损坏 found damaged30．发现破碎成片 found broken to pieces 31．发现部分剥离 found partly detached 32．发现部分堵塞 found partly choked 33．发现剧烈震动 found violent vibration 34．发现烧坏 found burnt 35．发现断裂 found fractured 36．发现接地 found earthed 37．发现敲缸 found knocking 38．发现溶化 found melted away 39．发现泄漏 found leaking (found leaky) 40．发现冻结 found stuck fast by icing 41．发现锈蚀 found rusty 42．发现失效 found ineffective 43．发现故障 found out of order 44．发现结霜 found frosted 45．发现丢失 found lost46．发现出故障 found in trouble 47．发现失灵 found out of order 48．发现失灵 found out of action 49．发现不一致 found out of operation 50．发现错位 found out of place1．借 borrow我要向你借这份图纸I want to borrow the drawing from you. 我可以向你借这个手锤吗?May I borrow the hammer from you? 2．裂 break 阀杆断裂了The valve spindle is broken. 滚动轴承断裂成碎片了The ball bearing are broken to pieces. 3．加强 build up 叶轮应该堆焊The impeller should be built up by welding. 4． 烧 burn电动机烧了 The motor is burnt. 5． 进行 carry out 应进行负载试验The load test should be carried out. 6．吹blow管子必须用压缩空气吹清The pipe should be blown with compressed air.7．铸 cast按原样铸造一个8．引起 cause损坏是有剧烈振动引起的The damage was caused by violent vibration. 9．倒角 chamfer油槽须倒角 Oil groove is to be chamfered. 法兰切削后须倒角The flange should be chamfered after being machined.10．换掉 change把它们换掉,否则我拒绝验收Have them changed, otherwise I refuse to accept them.11．龟裂 chap轴瓦上的白合金龟裂了The white metal on the bearing bush is chapped. 12．核查 check用桥规核查主轴承Check the main bearing with bridge gauge.修理前后要核查拐档差Check the crankshaft deflection before andafter repair.13．清洁clean装前须清洁14．阻塞clog燃油滤器阻塞了The fuel filter is clogged.15．涂漆coat用红丹涂管子Coat the pipe with red lead.泵壳里涂防护漆The pump casing is to be coated with anti-fouling.16．完成complete finish你什么时候能完成修理工作?When can you complete (finish) the repair job?17．连接connect把电动机和淡水泵连接起来Connect the motor with the fresh water pump18．腐蚀corrode泵壳和叶轮均有腐蚀The pump casing and impeller are corroded.19．盖cover请把所有卸下的部件盖起来Please cover all the removed parts.20．裂No.2 cylinder head is cracked.21．吊crane把液压马达吊上岸去修理Crane the hydraulic motor ashore for repair.22．割cut把底座割掉Cut off the bedplate.23．损坏damage滚动轴承严重损坏The ball bearings are seriously damaged.24．脱落detach白合金部分脱落了The white metal is partly detached.25．查看detect查看氟里昂系统有无泄漏Detect the Freon system for leakage.26．解体disassemble解体,清洁并检查高压油泵Disassemble, clean and check the H.P. fuel pump.27．脱开disconnect把起动空气管脱开Disconnect the starting air pipe.28．讨论discuss我要和你讨论一下关于主轴承的问题。

《轮机英语》课程教学标准课程代码: 32060204､32060205､32060206､32060207课程名称：轮机英语英文名称： English of Marine Engineering课程类型: 必修课208学时总学时： 208 讲课学时：192 实训学时：16学分： 12(3，3, 3, 3)适用对象: 轮机工程技术专业高职学生先修课程：无第一部分前言一、课程性质与地位《轮机英语》课程是海洋船舶轮机工程技术〈轮机管理〉专业核心课程，也是轮机工程技术专业学生今后取得中华人民共和国海事局规定的甲类二/三管、大管轮、轮机长适任证书必考科目之一，也是从事船舶机械设备运行、维护、安装、调试，航运部门机务管理必备的课程。

为了满足《1978年海员培训，发证和值班标准国际公约》2010年修正案（简称STCW78/10公约）对海员英语运用能力更高的要求和更好地实施《中华人民共和国海船船员适任考试大纲》，通过《轮机英语》课程的学习，使学生具备一定的阅读和理解现代轮机管理业务所涵盖的有关船舶柴油机及其工作系统、各种船舶辅助机械、船舶电气自动化、机舱业务管理以及相关国际公约法规等的专业技术资料的能力，具备用英语规范填写各种轮机日志、事故报告、航次报告、物料单及修理单的能力，能逐步胜任海洋船舶不同层级甲类轮机员的业务英语的要求。

为培养高素质技术技能型轮机工程技术管理人才打好基础。

二、课程基本理念依据STCW78公约马尼拉修正案、国家海事局高级船员最新考试大纲和现代船舶轮机管理的工作需求设置“轮机英语”课程；同时考虑到“以职业素质为基础，以适岗能力为本位”的教育教学指导思想和航海高职高专学生的认知规律，以满足远洋船舶轮机人才需求、船舶轮机岗位群能力的需求和对于高级船员的适任要求。

培养轮机工程技术专业学生专业英语方面的能力，使学生能够掌握轮机工程专业词汇、语法、句法、具备专业英文文献的阅读和轮机业务书的英文写作的能力。

中华人民共和国海事局2004年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第35期）科目：轮机英语试卷代号：602适用对象：沿海航区750～3000KW船舶轮机长（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1．5分，第77题至78题每题10分。

一、单项选择题1.Which one is not fixed on the cylinder cover of a four-stoke diesel engine?A. indicator cockB. fuel valveC. main bearingD. safety valve2.The main function of tie rods in the construction of large, low speed diesel engines is to_____.A. stiffen the bedplate in way of the main bearings to increase the engine's longitudinalstrengthB. accept most of the tensile loading that results from the firing forces developed duringoperationC. mount the engine frame securely to the hull to prevent shaft coupling misalignmentD. connect the crosshead solidly to the piston rod3.A level gauge for a tank is to______.A. give the pressureB. give the contentsC. give the shape of the tankD. give the accuracy temperature4.A slow-speed two-stroke diesel is usually arranged to operate continuously on heavy fuel oiland has available a ______supply for manoeuvring conditions.A. lubricating oilB. diesel oilC. residual oilD. hydraulic oil5.The amount of lubricating oil in the drain tank should be checked by ______.A. measuringB. sounding rodC. meteringD. weighting6.Operating conditions in the crank chamber are very ______those in the cylinder.A. the same asB. similar toC. separated fromD. different from7.______ is used for cylinder and cylinder head , the salt water is used for cooling thelubricating oil ,the fresh water in the coolers and the charging air in the air cooler.A. The fuel oilB. The lube oilC. The sea waterD. The fresh water8.A naturally aspirated diesel engine at full throttle will have an intake manifold pressure_____.A. slightly less than atmospheric pressureB. approximately equal to exhaust manifold pressure at all timesC. that is widely fluctuating constantlyD. decreasing as engine load increases9.Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply or charge of fresh air ______compression.A. to needB. ready forC. want toD. going to be10.In using reduction gears to obtain efficient propeller speeds, ______.A. they must be located at the after end of the engineB. they can only be used with one engine at a timeC. they eliminate the need for controllable pitch propellersD. they are connected to the engine with a flexible coupling11.Misalignment of the drive shaft and propeller shaft flanges can be detected by using a dialindicator or ______.A. inside micrometerB. feeler gaugeC. adjustable trammelD. sighting device12.A thrust bearing is used with a propulsion diesel engine to ______.A. control axial movement of the crankshaftB. transmit engine thrust to the propeller shaftC. absorb vibrations in the propeller shaftingD. prevent propeller thrust from being transmitted to the hull13.Increasing the load on an engine equipped with a constant speed mechanical governor, willcause the engine speed to initially ______.A. increaseB. decreaseC. fluctuateD. remain constant14.Which of the following devices is common to both mechanical and hydraulic governors?A. Direct linkage between the ball-head and fuel rack.B. A servomotor.C. A compensating device.D. Flyweights.15.On most diesel engines, the governor controls the output speed by ______.A. controlling the amount of fuel injected into the cylindersB. varying the speed of the turbochargerC. adjusting the compression ratioD. changing the timing of the fuel injection camshaft16.An indicator diagram is a pressure-volume graph taken from the pressure in the ______of aworking engine.A. crankcaseB. fuel pumpC. scavenge trunkD. cylinder17.If we wanted to increase the output further, the main engine ______.A. would be overloadB. would be overloadedC. must overloadD. is overloaded18.If a cylinder is not firing ______.A. its exhaust temperature will be lowB. both A and DC. neither A nor DD. the temperature at its cooling water outlet will be high19.______ is used for washing and drinking.A. The ballast systemB. The salt water systemC. The bilge systemD. The domestic system20.To operate a centrifugal fire pump at reduced capacity, you should ______.A. readjust the relief valveB. throttle the suction lineC. throttle the discharge valveD. open the priming line21.The valve best suited for throttling gas or liquid flow in a pipeline is the ______.A. gate valveB. globe valveC. check valveD. plug cock22.In a ______boiler the hot gases from the furnace pass through the tubes while the water is onthe outside.A. water-tubeB. fire-tubeC. exhaust gasD. None of the above is true.23.The tube in a boiler should be blinded if found ______.A. scaledB. informedC. leakyD. deformed24.The internal part of the boiler, if found ______, has to be chemically washed by yard.A. deformedB. rustedC. crackedD. scaled25.Which of the following operations need NOT to be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I ?I．Disposal of oil residues. II．Internal transfer of fuel oil.A. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II26.A centrifuge arranged to separate two liquids is known as ______.A. an oily water separatorB. a purifierC. a centrifugal compressorD. a clarifier27.Sediment collects in a tubular purifier______.A. on top coverB. on sides of bowlC. in drain line on the discsD. on the discs28.Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when pumping out _____.A. ballast waterB. boiler waterC. bilge waterD. sewage water29.The ______is fitted on an oily water separator.A. sliding bowl bottomB. gravity discC. bowlD. liquid level detector30.______ are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches31.In a ordinary cargo crane, ______is fitted to rotate the crane.A. the slewing motorB. the luffing motorC. the hoisting motorD. none of the above32.The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlled with ______.A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel33.The control rod of a steering gear pump is attached at its outer end to ______.A. the hunting gearB. the rudder stockC. the rudder controllerD. the feedback unitv34.If a heavy sea strikes the rudder, the shock is transmitted through the tiller to______.A. the tiller armsB. the swivel blocksC. hunting gearsD. the ramspressed air is used on board ship______.A. for starting diesel enginesB. in pneumatic control systemC. in pneumatic toolsD. All the above are true.36.The starting air bottle should be pumped up to maximum pressure by the ______before startof the engine.A. air compressorB. refrigeration compressorC. vacuum pumpD. purifier37.The principle of mechanical refrigeration is ______.A. the conversion of a liquid to a gasB. the absorption of temperature under heat, pressure, compression and expansionC. the compression of a liquid under temperature and expansionD. the absorption of heat under temperature, pressure, compression and expansion38.The boiling and condensation points of refrigerant mainly depend on the _____exerted upon it.A. temperatureB. densityC. volumeD. pressure39.The purpose of the skirt or trunk in four-stroke cycle engines is to act in a similar manner toa_____.A. crossheadB. crownC. piston rodD. connecting rod40.______ is used for sensing the temperature of the room in the air condition system.A. An expansion valveB. An evaporatorC. A thermostatD. A condenser41.The main causes of fire on board ships are ______.A. oil leakage in engine-roomB. hot work (welding, cutting, etc. )C. static electricityD. all of the above42.The flash point of a liquid refers to the temperature ______.A. at which a liquid will give off inflammable vaporsB. at which a liquid will burn steadilyC. at which a liquid will explodeD. that a liquid must reach before it will flow readily43.The operation of paralleling two alternators requires the voltages to be_____ and also in phase.A. zeroB. eliminatedC. differentD. equal44.When securing an AC generator, you should FIRST______.A. open the generator circuit breakerB.switch the voltage regulator to … manual'C. decrease the field excitation to minimumD. reduce the load on the unit45.Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure the circuits are ___.A. liveB. deadC. excitedD. on line46.The primary function of an electric motor is to ______.A. develop torqueB. generate high voltagesC. produce a magnetic fieldD. generate high electrical resistance47.An ohmmeter can be used to measure ______.A. current flow in a circuitB. voltage between two points in a circuitC. circuit continuityD. power48.The resistance of electric wire will decrease as its ______.A. length increasesB. cross-sectional area increasesC. temperature increasesD. percent of metallic purities increases49.Bourdon Tube is probably the most commonly used______ measuring instrument.A. the absolute pressureB. the gauge pressureC. the vacuum pressureD. the differential pressure50.Which of the following is operated from the main engine room console on an automatedvessel?A. Fire pump and lube oil pumpB. Lube oil pump and distilling plantC. Distilling plant and shaft alley doorD. Shaft alley door and fixed CO 2 release51.Electrical circuits are protected against overheating by means of a/an ______.A. circuit breakerB. amplifierC. diodeD. capacitor52.The development of the high automation in marine engineering ______to use the unmannedmachinery space on board the ship.A. makes possibleB. makes possible itC. makes it possibleD. makes that is possible53.The crank-room cover should not be opened until at least _____minutes after the engine stops.A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 3054.The Company should ensure that the master is fully______ with the Company's SMS.A. familiarB. understandC. conversationD. confused55.“Movement of engine no longer required.” means “______”.A. Stop EngineB. No Engine RevolutionsC. Stand-by EngineD. Finished With Engine56.The order “Bow thrust stop” means “______”.A. Bow thrust full to portB. Bow thrust full to starboardC. No bow thrust revolutionsD. No stern thrust revolutions57.The difference between the starboard and port drafts caused by a transverse shift in weightis______.A. listB. heelC. trimD. flotation58.Seawater may be used for drinking water ______.A. at a maximum rate of two ounces per dayB. after mixing with an equal quantity of fresh waterC. if gather during or immediately after a hard rainD. under no circumstance59.A fire and boat drill on a tank vessel shall, by regulation, include______.A. starting the fire pumpsB. checking fireman's outfits and other personnel rescue equipmentC. checking relevant communications equipmentD. all of the above60.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is____.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust61.______may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergencyswitchboards.A. Large passenger vesselsB. General cargo shipsC. Container shipsD. Oil tankers62.A______ sometimes called filters, is a device designed to prevent the passage of unwantedsolids into the system.A. Steam trapB. Check valveC. SeparatorD. Strainer63.A portable foam fire extinguisher is placed in operation by ______.A. turning it upside downB. pressing the foam leverC. squeezing the grip handleD. opening the hose valve64.If liquid freon should come in contact with your shin, you should ______.A. wash with salt waterB. wash with sterile mineral oilC. treat it like frostbiteD. treat it like any burn65.Before entering a fuel tank that has been cleaned, it should be checked with an oxygenindicator and a/an ______.A. Orsat apparatusB. flame safety lampC. Halide torchD. combustible gas indicator66.Water can‟t be used to put out fir es of ______.A. Class AB. Class BC. Class CD. B+C67.The minimum number and capacity of bilge pumps and fire pumps and their dispersementwithin the ship is governed by______.A. Classification Society RulesB. National requirementsC. The IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at SeaD. All of the above.68.Each completed page of the Oil Record Book must be signed by the ______.A. Engineer on watchB. Chief EngineerC. Chief MateD. Master二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：Generally people use diesel engines, gasoline engines or electrical motors to drive a modern ship．But none of them can work without oils. The burning of the oil in the cylinders of the diesel engine or gasoline engine provides the ship with driving power. The electrical motor runs on the electrical power. But the generator also consumes oil to produce this kind of power. Beside, the lube oil can reduce the friction between the moving parts of the engine and has much to do with its working condition.69.Ｗhat do people use to drive a modern ship?A. the windB. the sailC. the oarsD. the machines70.Which of the following does not directly burn oil?A. A gasoline engineB. A diesel engineC. An electrical motorD. None of them71.What does a generator provide?A. driving powerB. a great deal of heatC. frictionD. electricity72.What‟s the function of the lube oil?A. to take away the heatB. to reduce frictionC. to remove the detritusD. all of the A.B.C 第二组：The field current supply in older machines comes from a lower voltage direct current generator or exciter on the same shaft as the alternator. Modern machines however are either statically excited or of the high-speed brush-less type. The exciter is required to operate to counter the effects of power factor for a given load. The power factor is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expressed as the cosine of the phase angle.With a purely resistance load the voltage and the current are in phase, giving a power factor of one. The power consumed is therefore the product of voltage and current. Inductive or capacitive loads, combined with resistance loads, produce lagging or leading power factors which have a value less than one. The power consumed is therefore the product of current, voltage and power factor. The alternating current generator supplying a load has a voltage drop resulting from the load. When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. Therefore the exciter, in maintaining the alternator voltage, must vary with load current and also the power factor. The speed change of the prime mover must also be taken into account.73.The word “machines” in the passage refers to ______.A. the direct current generatorB. the alternating current generatorC. the exciterD. the prime mover 74.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ?A. With a purely resistance load, the power factor is zero.B. Inductive loads combined with resistance loads produces leading power factors.C. Capacitive loads combined with resistance loads produces lagging power factors.D. With a purely resistance load, the phase angle is zero.75.When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. This sentencemeans that ______.A. with a purely resistance load, the voltage drops too muchB. there is a considerable voltage drop in the capacitive load combined with resistance loadC. when the load is the capacitive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drops tozeroD. when the load is the inductive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drop isfairly large76.The exciter must vary with : Ⅰ. load current. Ⅱ. the power factor. Ⅲ. speed change of theprime mover.A. onlyⅠB. only ⅡC.Ⅰand ⅡD.Ⅰ, Ⅱand Ⅲ三．中译英77. 螺旋桨需拆卸，尾轴拉出检查修理，所有拆卸部件重新装妥。

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第39期）科目：航海英语试卷代号：903适用对象：无限航区、近洋航区二/三副(本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间100分钟)答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑．第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1.5分，第77题至81题每题4分．一．单项选择题1．In order to pay out or slack a mooring line which is under strain，you should ______．A．sluice the line B．surge the line C．stopper the line D．slip the line2．It takes about 12 seconds to reverse ______ full speed ahead ______ full speed astern．A．at，to B．to，from C．from，to D．at，from3．El Abbasa (Sweet Water) Canal ______ from River Nile at Cairo to Suez Canal at Ismailia．A．extend B．extending C．extends D．are extending4．An accident came ______ my mind when I saw the broken case．A．in B．on C．to D．with5．The stevedores have already stowed the porcelain ware ______ up to the deckhead．A．loosely B．closely C．heavily D．strongly6．My ship sailed ______ port of Shanghai，bound ______ Rotterdam．A．from，for B．for，on C．on，at D．at，from7． A VESSEL，OTHER THAN A RESCUE UNIT，DESIGNATED TO CO-ORDINATE SURFACE SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERA TION WITHIN A SPECIFIED AREA is known as ______．A．salving vessel B．Co-ordinator surface searchC．MERSAR D．the vessel being salved8．AN APPOINTMENT BETWEEN VESSELS NORMALL Y MADE ON RADIO TO MEET IN A CERTAIN AREA OR POSITION defines ______．A．Bona fide B．Rendez-vous C．Prima facie D．Action in personam 9．A DECK，SPACE，AREA，ETC.，NOT PERMITTED TO BE ENTERED FOR SAFETY REASONS defines ______．A．Restricted area B．Closed area C．Prohibited place D．Forbidden place 10．Strips of timber fixed to the frames of a ship, either in a horizontal or vertical direction, which keep cargo away from the sides of the ship, assisting ventilation and helping protect against a build-up of moisture or condensation are termed as ______．A．frames B．shell plates C．bilge plates D．cargo batten11．Molded depth is measured from the ______．A．inside of the shell B．outside of the shellC．top of the center vertical keel D．top of the garboard stake12．Manila lines in which the strands are right-hand laid ______．A．should be coiled in a clockwise directionB．should be coiled in a counterclockwise directionC．may be coiled either clockwise or counterclockwiseD．should never be coiled13．A hygrometer is a device used for determining ______．A．the absolute temperature B．atmospheric pressureC．wind velocity D．relative humidity14．My ship is equipped ______ automatic hatch covers．A．with B．by C．on D．in15．What is the minimum period of time that the air supply for a self-contained breathing apparatus is required to last?A．10 minutes B．20 minutes C．30 minutes D．90 minutes 16．Aboard a survival craft，ether can be used to ______．A．start the engine in cold weather B．aid in helping personnel breatheC．prime the sprinkler system D．prime the air supply17．You notice smoke coming from an open laundry room doorway．After activating the fire alarm, which of the following would you do FIRST?A．Attempt to determine what is burning．B．Acquire the nearest life jacket.C．Break out the nearest fire hose.D．Wait for the fire team to arrive and assist as directed.18．If the survival craft is not loaded to full capacity，the personnel should be ______．A．loaded more on the port side forwardB．loaded equally on both sides with more forwardC．loaded equally on both sides with more aftD．allowed to sit anywhere19．Keeping the draft at or below the load line mark will insure that the vessel has adequate ______．A．ballast B．reserve buoyancy C．displacement D．rolling periods 20．The two most effective generating forces of surface ocean currents are ______．A．temperature and salinity differences in the waterB．wind and density differences in the waterC．water depth and underwater topographyD．rotation of the Earth and continental interference21．GM cannot be used as an indicator of stability at all angles of inclination because ______．A．M is not fixed at large angles B．there is no M at large anglesC．G is not fixed at large angles D．there is no G at large angles22．The distance between the surface of the water and the tidal datum is the _______．A．height of tide B．charted depth C．actual water depth D．range of tide 23．Galvanizing would be suitable for protecting wire rope which is used for ______．A．cargo runners B．stays C．topping lifts D．All of the above24．You notice oil on the water near your vessel while taking on fuel．You should FIRST ______．A．stop fueling B．notify the senior deck officerC．notify the terminal superintendent D．determine whether your vessel is the source 25．For cargoes ______ grain meals，coal，ventilation is needed to prevent them ______ spontaneous combustion．A．i．e．／of B．for instance／away C．for example／off D．such as／from 26．When visibility is 10 nautical miles，we say that visibility is ______．A．very good B．good C．poor D．moderate27．In writing up the log book at the end of your watch，you make an error．which of the following is the way to correct the error？______．A．Carefully and neatly erase the entry and rewrite it correctlyB．Remove this page of the log book and rewrite all entries on a clean pageC．Blot out the error completely and rewrite the entry correctlyD．Cross out the error with a single line and rewrite the entry correctly28．There is not ______ depth of water around the area centered at the lighthouse．A．ample B．sufficient C．enormous D．incredible29．We ______ at anchor in the roadstead till the evening．A．have to ride B．have to get C．have to put D．have to make30．It is sometimes necessary to moor bow and stern to two mooring buoys in order to ______．A．avoid any swing in a restricted space B．shelter the ship from strong windsC．prevent to touch with other vessels D．make a convenience of cargo discharging 31．Good anchorage may be obtained anywhere，generally mud and sand，in this water area．Vessel may have ______．A．good towing ground B．good holding groundC．good grabbing ground D．good dragging ground32．The pilot said he ______ our vessel directly to the berth．A．will take B．took C．is taking D．would take33．Especially in adverse weather，risk of collision with an offshore supply vessel increases when the vessel is moored to what side of the unit? ______．A．Upwind B．Downwind C．Crosswind D．Downcurrent34．Pilot ladder is ______ on port side．A．equipped B．rigged C．put on D．put off35．The fishing boat upset and sank to the ______ of the sea．A．base B．under part C．bottom D．down place36．When within the entrance，the vessel should ______ Surf islet．A．navigate B．arrive at C．steer for D．maneuver for37．For full information regarding the current circulation of the Indian Ocean，______ Sailing Direction，Current Atlas，etc．A．watch B．look for C．see D．regard38．When force of winds reaches 10-11 in Beaufort scale，we usually call such wind ______．A．Gale B．Storm C．Hurricane D．Typhoon39．This notice will ______ you of the problem．A．use to remind B．use to tell C．serve to remind D．be served to talk 40．By plotting the analysis messages on weather charts，we are able to ______．A．prevent any possible accident at seaB．prepare a reasonable forecast of the wind and weatherC．help the mariner to fix a accurate ship's positionD．aid the salvage of a ship in peril41．It is predicted that heavy rains are ______ to flood the harbor and its vicinity in a few days．A．frightening B．threatening C．scattering D．warning42．Wind direction may be determined by observing all of the following EXCEPT ______．A．low clouds B．waves C．whitecaps D．swells 43．Bearings are true reckoned ______ in Admiralty Charts．A．clockwise from 000 to 359 degrees B．clockwise from 359 to 000 degreesC．anti-clockwise from 000 to 359 degrees D．anti-clockwise from 359 to 000 degrees 44．Admiralty Notices to Mariners，containing important information for the mariners and enabling them to keep their charts and books corrected for the latest information，are issued daily and published in ______．A．Weekly Editions B．Quarterly Editions C．Annual Editions D．Monthly Editions 45．A line connecting all possible positions of your vessel at any given time is a ______．A．longitude line B．isogonic lines C．latitude line D．line of position 46．Mean high water is the average height of ______．A．the higher high waters B．the lower high watersC．the lower of the two daily tides D．all high waters47．On a chart，the characteristic of the light on a lighthouse is shown as flashing white with a red sector．The red sector ______．A．indicates the limits of the navigable channel B．indicates a danger areaC．is used to identify the characteristics of the light D．serves no significant purpose 48．Attention is ______ the advice on the use of charts in The Mariner's Handbook Chapter 3，Section 1．A．fixed to B．needed for C．pushed to D．drawn to 49．Navigational charts are subject to frequent changes，the important ones of which are promulgated by ______．A．Admiralty Notices to Mariners B．Mariner's HandbookC．Catalogue D．Sailing Directions50．Which statement is true of the Uniform Lateral System of Buoyage？A．It employs top marksB．Lighted buoys have the same shape as unlighted buoysC．The numbering or lettering of fairway buoys is optionalD．All of the above51．Chart legends which indicate a conspicuous landmark are printed in ______．A．capital letters B．italics C．boldface print D．underlined letters 52．A weather forecast states that the wind will commence backing．In the Northern Hemisphere(北半球), this would indicate that it will ______．A．shift in a clockwise manner B．decrease in velocityC．continue blowing from the same direction D．shift in a counterclockwise manner 53．The issue of Notices to Mariners of charts and these aids(Radar beacons)may be delayed until such time as they are assessed to be ______．A．temporary B．permanent C．occasional D．steady54．______ chart 3994，positions read from this chart should be shifted 0．03 minutes Northward．A．To consider B．To check C．To examine D．To agree with 55．The Pilotage-quarantine anchorage，______ between Damen Dao and Qingshan Dao，is defined by the lines ______ the given points．A．situated／connected B．situated／connectingC．situating／connected D．situating／connecting56．On no account can they cut it _______ it be fouled．A．would B．shall C．should D．do57．A vessel's position should be plotted using bearings of ______．A．fixed objects on shore B．buoys at a distanceC．buoys close by D．All of the above58．In order to insure that the racon signal is visible on your 3 cm radar，the ______．A．10 cm radar should be placed on standby or turned offB．gain control should be turned to maximumC．radar should be stabilized，head upD．rain clutter control should be off but，if necessary，may be on low59．You have another ship overtaking you close aboard to starboard．You have 3 radar targets bearing 090° relative at ranges of 0.5 mile，1 mile，and 1.5 miles．In this case，the unwanted echoes are called ______．A．multiple echoes B．spoking C．indirect echoes D．side-lobe echoes 60．______ 20 targets can be tracked at one time．When maximum tracking capacity is reached，no further acquisitions(捕获) are possible．A．As many as B．So many as C．As much as D．As more as 61．The system will accept a harbor map which is incorrect，therefore the operator must exercise caution in harbor selection．A．be considered B．be prudent C．be bold enough D．be carelessness 62．Defense plans may cause the operation of electronic aids to navigation to be suspended with ______．A．no notice B．one day's notice C．a week's notice D．thirty days notice63．A correction for augmentation is included in the Nautical Almanac corrections for ______．A．the Sun B．the Moon C．Venus D．None of the above 64．Magnetic heading differs from compass heading by_______．A．compass error B．true headingC．variation D．deviation65．Deviation is caused by ______．A．changes in the earth's magnetic fieldB．nearby magnetic land masses or mineral depositsC．magnetic influence inherent to that particular vesselD．the magnetic lines of force not coinciding with the lines of longitude66．Your vessel is at anchor in fog while in international waters．The fog signal of another vessel，apparently underway，has been steadily growing louder and the danger of collision appears to exist．In addition to the normal fog signal，what signal may be used to indicate the presence of your vessel？______．A．The danger signal；five or more short and rapid blasts on the whistleB．Three blasts on the whistle；one short，one prolonged and one shortC．Three blasts on the whistle；one prolonged followed by two shortD．No special signal other than the normal fog signal67．A vessel trawling would display ______．A．a black ball B．a basket C．a double cone，point to point D．none of the above 68．Sailing vessels are stand-on over power-driven vessels except ______．A．in a crossing situation B．in a meeting situationC．when they are the overtaking vessel D．on the inland waters of the PR China二．关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：Marine Forecast Issued for Southeastern Grand Banks0330 PM NST on Mon 19 Dec 2005Synopsis:A ridge of high pressure south of the district will drift NW to lie just S of Newfoundland Tue morning. Mod to strong W to SW winds north of the ridge become light to mod in its vicinity. On Tue a low pressure system will move SE of the marine district. Mod to strong easterlies ahead of the low back to strong northwesterlies later in the day in its wake.Marine interests are advised that freezing spray warnings are continued for Belle Isle.Forecast:Winds SW 15 knots backing to SE 15 to 20 this evening then increasing to NE 20 to 30 Tue morning. Winds backing to NW 20 to 30 Tue afternoon. Occasional showers changing to rain overnight then tapering to occasional showers Tue afternoon. Vis fair in precipitation. Little temperature change. Outlook for Wed mod to strong southerlies diminishing to light winds.69．The ridge and the low are moving ______．A．in some directionB．in opposite directionC．to SE and NW respectivelyD．too fast in the day that marine interests are advised that freezing spray warnings are continued for Belle Isle70．At noontime Tue the wind direction will be______．A．S B．NE C．NW D．SW71．It is forecast for Wed that there will be ______．A．winds NE 20 to 30 knotsB．winds SW 15 knots backing to SE 15 to 20C．winds NW 20 to 30 knots with occasional showersD．mod to strong S winds diminishing to light winds72．On Tue afternoon, there will be ______．A．rain B．fog C．blue skies D．showers第二组：Corrections to sailing Directions are given in Section Ⅳ.Those in force at the end of the year are reprinted in the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners .A list of corrections in force is published in SectionⅣof the Weekly Edition for the last week of each month.It is recommended that corrections be kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top．The list should be consulted when using the parent book to see if any corrections affecting the area under consideration are in force.It is not recommended that corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement, but ,if this is done, when a new supplement is received care must be taken to retain those corrections issued after the date of the new supplement, which may be several months before its receipt on board.73．______ are reprinted in the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners.A．The Sailing DirectionsB．The corrections to Sailing DirectionsC．The effective corrections to Notices to MarinersD．The Weekly Edition74．The parent book is ______．A．The Sailing DirectionB．The corrections to Sailing Directions in forceC．The Annual Summary of Notices to MarinersD．The Weekly Edition75．It is recommended that corrections to the Sailing Directions be______．A．made by handB．consulted at the last week of each monthC．stuck in the parent book or current supplementD．kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top 76．If the corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement, ______．A．when a new supplement is received, those corrections issued after the date of the new supplement must be retainedB．the parent book must be consultedC．the current supplement must be consultedD．the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners must be used三．中译英（共5题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77．应急消防泵、救生艇及其释放装置的缺陷经常引起船舶的滞留。

轮机英语- 轮机工程原理（英文版）Principles of Marine Engineering2010. 10ContentsContents (2)1 Main propulsion plant (篇标题) (3)1.1 Ships and machinery (章标题) (3)1.2 Diesel engine (9)1.3 Shaft and propellers (46)2 Marine auxiliary machinery (55)2.1 boilers (55)2.2 Pumps (55)2.3 Refrigeration, air conditioning and ventilation (55)2.4 Pollution prevention devices (55)2.5 Centrifugal separator and fresh water generator (55)2.6 Deck machinery (55)3 Electrical equipment and automatic control (56)3.1 Alternating current generators (56)3.2 Main switchboard and distribution system (56)3.3 Marine electrical equipment (56)3.4 Marine automatic control (56)4 Watch keeping and equipment operation (57)4.1 operation procedures (57)4.2 Safety operation (57)4.3 Stores and spare parts (57)4.4 Shipp repair and docking (57)4.5 Pollution prevention operation and Port State Control (57)5 International conventions and regulations (58)5.1 STCW (58)5.2 MAPROL (58)5.3 SOLAS (58)5.4 ISM (58)5.5 ISPS (58)6 Marine business writing (59)6.1 Engine log book (59)6.2 Repair list (59)6.3 Store order and spare parts requisition form (59)6.4 Accident report (59)6.5 Engineer’s reports, letters, faxes and emails (59)Index ............................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

轮机英语（精编文档）一、轮机英语基础知识1. 轮机专业词汇（1）主机（Main Engine）（2）辅机（Auxiliary Engine）（3）冷却水（Cooling Water）（4）滑油（Lubricating Oil）（5）燃油（Fuel Oil）（6）螺旋桨（Propeller）（7）轴承（Bearing）（8）齿轮（Gear）（9）涡轮增压器（Turbocharger）2. 轮机英语常用句型（1）The main engine is running smoothly.（主机运行平稳。

）（2）Please check the cooling water temperature.（请检查冷却水温度。

）（3）The lubricating oil level is too low.（滑油液位过低。

）（4）We need to replace the fuel filter.（我们需要更换燃油滤清器。

）（5）The propeller is damaged and needs repair.（螺旋桨损坏，需要修理。

）3. 轮机英语阅读材料（1）船舶柴油机说明书（2）轮机维护保养手册（3）轮机故障分析与处理案例（4）国际海事组织（IMO）相关法规二、轮机英语沟通技巧1. 听力训练（1）多听英语广播、新闻和轮机相关讲座。

（2）观看轮机英语教学视频，学习专业词汇和句型。

（3）在船上实习时，积极参与轮机部门的日常工作，提高实际听力水平。

2. 口语表达（1）模仿英语发音，练习标准发音。

（2）参加英语角或轮机英语培训班，与同学进行交流。

（3）在船上实习时，大胆与外籍船员交流，提高口语水平。

3. 书面表达（2）阅读并分析轮机英语范文，掌握写作技巧。

三、轮机英语实际应用场景1. 船上日常沟通（1）交接班时，向同事详细描述设备运行状况和需要注意的问题。

（2）在紧急情况下，准确传达指令，如：“Emergency stop! Close the fuel valve immediately!”（紧急停止！立即关闭燃油阀！）（3）与船长、大副等高级船员讨论船舶维护和修理计划。

轮机英语是中等职业教育水运类轮机工程技术专业交通职业教育教学指导委员会规划教材之一，按照《轮机英语》教学大纲的要求而编写的。

汇集了船员职务名称、机舱常用工具名称、机舱常用仪表名称等词汇。

专业词汇Special Terms第一部分柴油机Diesel Engine二冲程船用柴油机two stroke marine diesel engine四冲程船用柴油机four stroke marine diesel engine高（中，低）速柴油机high(medium,lower)speed engine气缸cylinder气缸盖cylinder cover(cylinder head)苏尔寿发动机Sulzer engineB&W型发动机Burmeister and Wain engine哥塔维根型发动机Gotaverken engine曼恩型发动机M.A.N.engineV型发动机V-type engine直流扫气式发动机uniflow scavenging type engine回流扫气式发动机loop flow scavenging type engine横流扫气式发动机crow-flow scavenging type engine十字头式发动机crosshead engine筒形活塞式发动机trunk-ppiston engine涡轮增压式发动机turbocharge engine固定部件fixed parts耐磨部件wear parts运动部件moving parts互换部件interchangeable parts气缸套cylinder liner示功阀indicator cock(indicator valve)安全阀safety valve气缸启动阀cylinder air starting valve缸套顶圈head ring for cylinder liner排气阀exhaust valve进气阀air inlet valve(suction valve)气阀传动机构valve driving mechanism顶杆tapper rod推杆push rod摇臂rocker rod (rocking lever)活塞pistion十字头式活塞crosshead type pistion筒形活塞trunk pistion活塞头pistion crown(head)活塞裙pistion skirt活塞体pistion body活塞销pistion pin(gudgeon pin)活塞环pistion ring气环（压缩环）compression ring刮油环oil scraper ring(oil ring,scraper ring)布油环oil distributing ring耐磨环wear ring活塞环槽pistion ring groove活塞冷却水管pistion cooling pipe往复管reciprocating pipe伸缩管telescope pipe铰链管articulated pipe活塞杆pistion rod活塞杆凸缘pistion rod flange活塞杆填料函stuffing box for pistion rod活塞杆填料箱gland box for pistion rod.packing gland for pistion rod填料函壳体stuffing box casing填料函张力弹簧tension spring for stuffing box填料函密封环sealing ring for stuffing box填料函刮油环scraper ring for stuffing box填料函压环pressure ring for stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland十字头cross head十字头销cross head pin十字头销轴承cross head bearing(cross head pin bearing)十字头滑块cross head shoe(guide shoe)十字头导板cross head guide(guide rail,guide way,guide plate)连杆connecting rod连杆小端轴承connecting rod small end bearing连杆大端轴承connecting rod large end bearing;connecting rod bottom end bearing 曲柄销轴承crankpin bearing曲轴crank shaft曲轴臂crank arm曲轴销crank pin曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱道门crankcase door(crankcase manhole)曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion door主轴承main bearing (bed plate bearing)倒挂式主轴承main bearing of under slung type轴承轴瓦上半块bearing bush-upper half轴承衬下半块bearing shell-lower half主轴承撑杆螺栓main bearing stay bolt主轴颈crank shaft journal(main journal)机座bed plate底座横隔板bed plate transverse member机架frame(column,entablature)底角螺栓holding down bolt (anchor bolt)贯穿螺栓through bolt (tie rod,tie bolt)贯穿螺栓护盖protecting covering for tie rod贯穿螺栓导套guide bush for tie rod推力轴thrust shaft推力轴承thrust bearing推力块thrust pad盘车机turning gear废气涡轮增压器exhaust gas turbocharge (turbo-blower)增压系统super charging system机械增压mechanical supercharging单（复）式增压系统single(complex)type super charging system 二级增压two-stage supercharging定压增压系统constant pressure charging system脉冲增压系统impulse pressure charging system变压增压variable pressure charging system串联增压super charging in series syatem并联增压super charging in parallel system直流扫气unislow scavenging回流扫气loop scavenging横流扫气cross scavenging气口扫气port scavenging气口-气阀扫气port-valve scavenging扫气口scavenging port排气口exhaust port排气总管exhaust manifold排气管exhaust pipe上止点top dead center(TDC)下止点bottom dead center(BDC)燃烧室combustion chamber吸气行程inlet(suction) atroke压缩行程compression stroke做功行程power (working) stroke排气行程exhaust stroke定时图timing diagram指示功indicated power轴功shaft power示功图indicator power控制系统control system启动控制装置control devic for starting起动装置starting devic主起动阀main starting valve空气压缩机air compressor空气瓶air bottle(air container,air cylinder,air reservoir) 起动手柄starting lever(starting handle)起动空气控制阀starting air control valve起动空气导阀starting air pilot valve起动阀starting valve分级活塞stepped pistion起动阀连锁装置starting valve blocking device起动凸轮starting cam起动空气管starting air pipe单凸轮换向装置single cam reversing device双凸轮换向装置double cam reversing device正车凸轮ahead cam正车油缸ahead oil cylinder (ahead oil bottle)自动停车装置automatic cut-out device空气分配器凸轮air distributor cam转向指示器running direction indicator换向杆reversing lever换向控制杆reversing control lever排气凸轮exhaust cam喷油凸轮fuel cam主起动阀手轮hand wheel for starting valve飞轮flywheel;turning wheel调速器goernor调速装置control device for running the engine极限调速装置maximum-speed governor gear定速调速装置constant-speed governor gear全制式调速装置variable-speed governor gear机械调速器mechanical governor液压调速器hydraulic governor车钟telegraph凸轮传动机构camshaft transmission gear链条传动chain transmission(chain drive)齿轮传动gear tansmission链轮sprocket (sprocket wheel)惰轮idle wheel备车stand by engine完车finish engine停车stop engine微速前进（后退）dead slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）一slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）二half ahead (astern)前进（后退）三full ahead (astern)紧急前进（后退）三emergency full ahead(astern)起动start倒车reverse空气分配器air distributor气缸注油器cylinder lubricator第2 部分制冷和空调制冷refrigeration空调air conditioning通风ventilation盐水制冷brine refrigeration热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration蒸汽压缩循环vapour-compression cyle制冷剂refrigerant直接制冷剂primary refrigerant间接制冷剂secondary refrigerant氟利昂freon氟化氢fluorinated hydrocarbon临界温度critical temperature压缩机compressor蒸发器evaporator感温包sensing bulb膨胀阀expansion valve电磁阀solenoid valve干燥器drier/dryer冷凝器condenser储液器liquid receiver油分离器oil seperator中间冷却器inter cooler内部均压装置internal equalizer风冷冷凝器air-cooled condenser双阀座截止阀double seat stop valve手动能量控制阀hand capacity control valve水量调节阀water regulating valve气动薄膜碟阀pneumatic film flap valve出液阀delivery valve出液管outlet pipe外平衡管outer balance pipe半封闭式压缩机semi-enclosed compressor节流阀throttle valve加湿器humidifier回油装置oil-return device回气管return pipe自动水量调节阀automatic water regulating valve自动液压能量控制装置automatic hydraulic capacity control device压力控制器pressure control压差控制器differential pressure control吸入截止阀suction stop valve吸入滤网suction stainer充液阀charging valve冷凝器进入阀condenser inlet valve冷凝器出液阀condenser outlet valve冷却盘管cooling coil冷库insulted hold空气加热器air heater空气滤清器air cleaner油位检查镜inspection glass for oil level油预热器oil preheater卸载油缸unloading cylinder波纹管bellows制冷剂瓶refrigerant bottle热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve毛细管capillary tube膜片diaphragm阀孔隙orifice恒温器thermostant诱导器inducer背压调节阀back-pressure valve浮动式自动回油阀floating type automatic oil return valve热交换器heat exchanger高压继电器high voltage relay温度调节器humidistat能量调节阀capacity regulator通风机ventilator舱室温度控制器cabin type temperature control排气融霜管discharge defrost pipe液位控制器liquid level control液体分离器liquid separator捡漏灯halide lamp船用臭氧发生器marine ozonizer温包式温度控制器phial type temperature controller湿度控制器humidity controller蒸发盘管evaporator coil tube散热器radiator空气调节器air conditioner二次空气系统secandary air conditioning system中央空调系统central air conditioning system高速诱导式空调系统high speed induction air conditioning system 半导体空调器semi-conductor air conditioner热泵式空调器heat-pump air conditioner窗式空调器window-type air conditioner毛发式气动湿度控制器pneumatic hair humidity controller风管air pipe出风栅outlet grid再加热盘管reheating coil空气干燥室air drying chamber顶式布风器top ventilator进风栅inlet grid挡水曲板curve flap翅片管tuberculat pipe散热盘管radiator coil tube挡板baffle翅状散热片fin波形散热片gill单风管系统single duct system双风管系统twin duct system分区加热器zone heater终端加热器terminal-heater压力通风plenum第3部分燃，滑油系统及油参数Fuel System ,Lubricating System &Oil Properties燃油系统fuel oil system双层底油舱double bottom fuel tank粗滤器strainer细滤器filter双联细滤器dual oil filter(duplex oil filter)燃油驳运泵fuel transfer pump沉淀柜settling tank分油机oil separator滑油柜/日用油柜lubricating oil tank\daily service tank加热器heater增压泵booster pump三通阀three way valve集油井oil head tank (oil header,oil collector buffer tank ,balance tank) 高压油泵（燃油喷射泵)fuel injection pump油孔式喷油泵（柱塞式油泵，plunger type fuel injection pump布式油泵）(Bosch fuel injection pump)回油孔fuel return hole进油孔fuel inlet hole柱塞（芯子）plunger柱塞套筒（柱塞导管）plunger guide bush(plunger barrel,plunger load)调节齿杆（调节齿条）control rack(toothed control rod)调节齿圈（调节齿套）control sleeve(control pinion)排油阀fuel delivery valve回油阀式高压油泵spill valve type fuel injection pump进油阀suction valve (spill valve,blowthrough valve) 油量调节机构fuel relgulation linkage油泵行程调节杆regulating lever for pump stoke油压调节阀fuel pressure regulating valve保压阀pressure retaining valve高压油管high pressure fuel pipe喷油器fuel injector,fuel valve,fuel injection valve喷油器壳体fuel injector holder(fuel injector housing)喷油嘴injectin nozzle(nozzle)针阀needle valve针阀顶杆spindle溢流管overflow pipe蒸汽加热器steam heater蒸汽加热管steam heating pipe蒸汽加热盘管steam heating coil润滑系统lubricating system干油底壳式润滑dry oil sump type lubrication湿油底壳式润滑wet oil sump type lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication中压（低压）润滑系统medium pressure lubrication system(low pressure lubrication system)气缸润滑cylinder lubrication轴承润滑bearing lubrication气缸注油器oil squirt(cylinder lubricator)吸油管suction duct(suction line)储油箱oil storage tank调节控制杆control lever for adjusting oil油孔oil orifice(oil hole)油道oil way(oil channel)油底壳oil sump(sump tank,crank bilge)污油柜oil sludge tank滑油循环柜circulating lube oil tank滑油粗滤器lube oil strainer滑油泵lube oil pump滑油冷却器lube oil cooler比重（相对密度）specific gravity (relative density)黏度viscosity发火质量ignition quality十六烷值cetane number柴油指数diesel index闪点（开口/闭口）flash point (open /closed)倾点pour point凝点freezing point残碳值carbon residue灰份ash content水分water content硫分sulphur content热值calorific value机械杂质mechanical impurities油品等级grade of oil馏程distilling rang矾含量vanadium content铝含量alumminium content船用轻柴油marine gas oil (MGO)船用燃料油marine fuel oil(MFO)船用柴油marine diesel oil (MDO)中间燃料油internal fuel oil添加剂additive总酸值total acid number(TAN)强酸值strong acid number (SAN)总碱值total base number (TBN)沉淀物含量sediment抗氧化安定性oxidation resistance抗腐蚀性corrosion极压添加剂extreme pressure additive黏度指数viscosity index第4部分泵及其系统Pump &Pumping System船用泵marine pump立式泵vertical pump卧式泵horizontal pump单缸泵single cylinder pump双缸泵duplex pump单（双）作用泵single(double)-acting pump单级泵single-stage pump双级泵double-stage pump定量泵constant-delivery pump变量泵constant displacement pump(constant delivey pump) 自吸式泵self-priming pump非自吸式泵none-self priming pump容积式泵displacement pump轴流泵axial-flow pump离心泵centrifugal pump往复泵reciprocating pump活塞泵pistion pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump轴向柱塞泵axial plunger pump回转泵rotary pump叶片泵vane pump单（双）作用叶片泵single(double)-acting pump齿轮泵gear pump水环泵water ring pump内（外）齿轮泵inside(outside)gearing pump螺杆泵screw pum液压泵hydraulic pump径流泵radial-flow pump旋涡泵volute pump喷射泵ejector pump蒸汽直接作用泵direct-acting steam driven pump 主机驱动泵min-engine-driven pump冷却水（油）泵cooling water(oil)pump给水泵feed pump备用给水泵donkey feed water pump卫生水泵sanitary pump出灰泵ash-ejecting pump压载水泵ballast pump污水泵sewage pump凝水泵condensate pump引水泵priming pump(primer pump)盐水泵brine pump淡水泵fresh water pump消防泵fire pump舱底水泵bilge pump循环泵circulating pump真空泵vacuum pump驳运泵transfer pump排污泵slusge pump变量泵variable output pump洗仓泵tank cleaning pump增压泵booster pump泵壳pump housing泵体pump body泵缸pump cylinder泵缸套pump line填料箱stuffing box吸入阀suction valve净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 系统水头损失system head loss泵浦特性曲线pump characteristic curve排出discharge (delivery)流道liquid path叶轮impeller (vane wheel)扩压管diffuser蜗壳volute管路pipe line旋塞（考克）cock止回阀non-return valve碟形阀butterfly valve闸板阀gate valve转阀rotary(rotating) valve滑阀slide (sliding)valve球形阀globe valve安全阀relief valve速闭阀quick closing valve (strip valve)集中引水系统central priming system (CPS)第5部分船用锅炉Mair Boiler火（水）管锅炉fire (water) tube boiler立（卧）式锅炉vertical (horizonatal)boiler直（横，弯，盘，指）管锅炉straight(cross,bent,coil,thimble)-tube boiler 废气锅炉exhaust boiler管式锅炉tubular boiler筒形锅炉cylindr boiler (shell type boiler)鼓筒形锅炉drum boiler燃油辅助锅炉oil-burning auxiliary boiler立式横烟管锅炉vertical fire tube boiler卧式三回程火管锅炉horizontal triple-pass fire tube boiler盘管式强制循环废气锅炉coil-tube forced-circulation exhaust boiler人孔门manhole door水包water drum水管联箱water header水冷壁water-cooled wall (water screen, water wall)上升管riser tube下降管down comer后水冷壁rear water wall tube侧水冷壁side water wall tube沸腾联箱steaming header沸水管boiling-water tube炉膛furnace (fire box)炉胆furnace flue炉排fire bar(fire grate)炉门fire door炉衣boiler clothing (boiler lagging)炉墙furnace wall耐火砖衬层fire-brick lining挡烟墙baffle wall给水阀feed water valve给水截止阀feed water stop valve给水止回阀feed water check valve汽鼓（汽锅筒）steam drum汽水分离器steam purifier (steam separator)内给水管intrnal feed pipe给水离子交换器feed water ion exchanger省煤器（经济器）economizer上部联管upper header下部联管lower header前部联管front header后部联管rear header进口分配联管inlet distributing header出口分配联管outlet distributing header水位表water level gauge玻璃水位表glass water level gauge低位水位表bottom water level gauge远距离水位显示计remote water level indicator水位计分支阀（通汽考克，通水考壳）water level root valve(steam cock,water cock) 光滑管plain tube带肋片的蛇形管coil tube with ribs水位调节器water level regulator低水位保险装置low-water level cut-off device危险水位报警器low-water level alarm热水井hot well热水循环泵hot water regulating pump水处理water treatment上排污阀surface blow-down valve底部排污阀bottom blow down valve上（下）部吹除阀surface(bottom) blow-off valve浮渣盘scum dish烟管smoke tube烟箱smoke chamber(smoke box)烟道smoke flue烟囱chimney(funnel)烟喉furnace uptake牵条stay牵条管stay tube支承管support tube波形管sinuflo tube麻花管swirlyflo tube吹灰器soot blower单层盘管single-layer tube燃烧器oil burner燃油预热器oil preheater雾化器burner atomize (sprayer)雾化片sprayer plate喷油嘴burner tip (nozzle)喷油嘴管架nozzle support喷油嘴体nozzle holder喷孔nozzle hole(nozzle orifice)旋涡室swirl chamber点火器igniter点火喷油嘴ignition nozzle点火变压器ignition transformer预燃室precombustion chamber调风器air register调风门air damper风门throttle (air intake flap)风门伺服器servomotor for throttle regulation 风口draught door风箱burner wind box风机blower手调风门hand regulating throttle空气调温器air attemperator空气扩散盘air diffuse disk导流器air director空气调节器air regulator (air register)强制通风机force draught fan火焰检测器flame detector火口fire hole(combustion head)比例操作器proportional ratio apparatus压力比例操作器pressure ratio regulator停汽阀steam stop valve集汽管steam receive蒸汽分配器steam distributor阻汽器steam trap过热器super-heater减热器desuper heater旋风汽水分离器cyclone steam separator除氧器deaerator第6部分液压甲板机械Hydraulic Deck Machinery液压泵hydraulic pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump中央阀center valve配油轴oil distribution shaft配油盘oil distribution disc配油套oil distribution sleeve配油口oil distribution port配油壳oil distribution casing配油阀oil distribution valve浮动环floating ring压力管pressure pipe伺服活塞srevo-pistion差动活塞differential pistion倾斜盘swash plate液压放大器hydraulic amplifier液压马达hydraulic motor高速小扭矩油马达high speed low torque oil motor齿轮式（叶片式，轴向柱塞式）油马达gear-type (vane-type,axial-plunger-type)oil motor 低速大扭矩油马达low speed high torque oil motor柱塞式油马达plunger-type oil motor径向柱塞式油马达radial-plunger-type oil motor单作用径向柱塞式油马达single-acting radial-plunger-type oil motor轴向双斜盘式油马达axial-double-tilting frame type oil motor液压油缸hydraulic oil cylinder单作用柱塞油缸single-acting plunger oil cylinder摆动油缸oscillating oil cylinder差动油缸differential oil cylinder转叶式油缸rotary-vane-type oil cylinder定叶fixed vane转叶rotary vane密封条sealing strip定子stator转子totor压力控制阀pressure control valve顺序阀sequence valve直控～direct-control valve单向～one-way valve(check valve)卸载～off-load valve遥控～telecontrolled valve液控～hydraulically controlled valve减压阀pressure-reducing valve定压～constant pressure valve定差～constant difference valve定比～constant ratio valve溢流阀overflow valve先导式～pilot valve直动式～direct-acting valve差动式～differential valve流量控制阀flow control valve节流阀throttle valve调速阀speed-regulating valve方向控制阀direction control valve直通式～straight one-way valve直角式～angle one way valve手动截止阀hand stop valve (hand cut-off valve)双路油压自锁阀double-circuit oil pressure self-closing valve换向阀change-over valve (change valve)电磁～electro-magnetic valve电液～electro-hydraulic valve转阀（滑阀）ritary valve (side valve)三位四通阀three-position four-way valve主阀main valve辅阀auxiliary valve先导阀pilot valve阻尼孔damper hole节流缝隙throttle slot舵机steering gear定量泵开式系统open oil system of the constant delivery pump变量泵闭式系统closed oil system of the variable delivery pump撞杆式舵机ram type steering gear转叶式舵机rotary vane type steering gear工况选择阀operating mode selector valve手动旁通阀hand by-pass valve反馈杆feed back rod自锁阀self-locking valve防浪阀storm valve舵rudder舵柱rudder post舵柄rudder tiller舵托（承）rudder carrier舵叶rudder blade舵杆rudder stock撞杆ram操纵系统control system机械杠杆反馈式追随机构follow-up system of the mechanical lever feedback type 应急手动操纵装置emergency hand control device浮动杆floating lever副杠杆auxiliary lever遥控操舵装置telemotor steering gear起货装置cargo handing gear起货绞车cargo winch回转起货机crane吊扬索（千斤索）topping lift吊货杆boom(derrick boom)吊臂jib(crane jib)吊臂止动器jib stopper机械制动器machanicalbrake防索松保护器slack wire protection变幅绞车luffing winch货物定位装置cargo psotler差动型限位开关differential limit switich旋转绞车slewing winch带式刹车band brake旋转底盘slewing rim起锚机windlass止链器cable stopper锚anchor锚链anchor chain(anchor cable,chain cable)锚链轮chain lifter(cable lifter,cable holder)锚链舱chain locker链轮止动器chain lifter brake离合器clutch绞盘capstan绞盘卷筒capstan barrel带缆卷筒warping drum锚链卷筒chain drum绞车卷筒winch barrel(winch drum ,winding barrel) 第7部分油水处理设备，轴系及推进器，造水机Oil Treatment,Oily Water Separator,Shafting &Propeller,Fresh Water Generator分油机oil separator离心分油机oil centrifuge分杂机clarifier分水机purifie造水机fresh water generator真空沸腾式造水机vacuum boiling type fresh-water genetator 真空闪发式造水机vacuum flash type fresh-water generator工作水operating water冲洗水flushing water配水盘paring disc活动底盘sliding bowl bottom滑动圈operating slide污渣出口sludge outlet分离筒separator bowl分离筒本体bowl body分离筒盖bowl hood分离筒转轴bowl spindle分离盘bowl discs机盖frame cap阻水环damp ring比重环gravity disc油水分离器oily water separator舱底水bilge锥形盘conical plates粗粒化coalesce放油阀oil drain valve检验旋塞check cock自动空气释放阀automatic air rlease valve除油阀oil rcovery valve (recovered oil valve)液位探测电极liquid level electronic probe除渣阀scum valve自动出油阀automatic oil outlet valve储油柜oil storage tank控制板control panel轴系shafting螺旋桨propeller传动轴transmission shaft中间轴intermeditate shaft (tunnel shaft)推力轴thrust shaft单环推力轴single collar thrust shaft艉轴tail shaft (tube shaft)可调螺距螺旋桨adjustable pitch propeller (variable pitch propeller,controllable pitch propeller)定距桨constant pitch propeller固定桨叶螺旋桨fixed-blade propeller艏部螺旋桨bow propeller横向推理器transverse propeller左（右）螺旋桨left(right)handed propeller推力轴承thrust block推力块thrust pad推力环thrust collar刮油器scraper挡油圈oil deflector油位显示器oil level indicator单环推力轴承（密歇尔推力轴承）Michell thrust bearing(single collar(thrust)bearing)支撑轴承（中间轴轴承)tunnel bearing(intermediate shaft bearing)艉轴管轴承sterntube bearing (stern bearing)铁梨木轴承lignumvitae bearing水润滑轴承water-lubricated bearing白合金轴承white metal bearing桨叶propeller blade空泡cavitation螺旋桨空泡propeller-cavitation压力面空泡pressure-face cavitation(face cavitation) 吸力面空泡suction-face cavitation导边空泡leading edge cavitation蒸发器evaporator加热器heater冷凝器condenser挡水器demiser抽气喷射器air ejector凝水泵distillate pump盐水泵brine pump闪发室flash chamber盐度计salinity indicator第8部分交流发电机及配电板Alternating Current Generator& Switchboard 交流发电机altemator直流发电机dynamo发电机generator电磁式发电机electro-magnetic generator励磁场线圈magnetic field coil自励self-excited串励serise-wound并励shunt-wound复励compound-wound定子stator转子rotor电刷electric brush灭弧罩arc shield原动机prime motor配电箱distribution board主配电板main switch board区域配电板section board汇流排bus bar配电板load-dispatching board(switch board)频率fequency相位phase同相in phase同步指示器synchroscope自动电压调节器automatic voltage regulator (AVR)自动分载装置automatic load-sharing device自动调频调载器automatic frequency and load regulator 发电机屏genertor pnel试验板test board供电网supply network岸电接线箱shore connection box脱扣装置trip device保护装置protection device欠压装置under-voltage protection失压装置no-voltage protection过载保护over-load protection过流保护over-current protection逆功率保护reverse power protection缺相保护open-phase protection短路电流保护short circuit current protection操纵平台control platform开关switch过载开关overload switch双刀开关double pole switch限位开关limit switch断路器breaker断流器cut-out自动断路器automatic circuit breaker过载断路器over load circuit breaker空气断路器air circuit breaker整流器rectifier变压器transformer耦合变压器couple transformer放大器amplifier换向器commutator起动器stater继电器relay电抗器reactor电阻器resisor电容器condenser (capacitor)接触器contactor接线盒connection box并车操作parallel operation电流表ammeter电压表voltmeter功率表wattmeter频率表frequency meter并车开关paralleling switch电动机motor三相电动机three-phase motor同步感应电动机synchronous induction motor异步电动机asynchronous motor鼠笼式电动机squirrel cage motor第9部分法规及消防设备Watchkeeping,International Convention &Fire FightingSTCW 公约《1978年海员international convention on standards of training,培训，发证和值班标准certification and watchkeeping for seafarers 1978国际公约》值班watchkeeping值班人员watchkeeper (watchkeeping personnel)航行值班underway watch接班人员relief定员rating任职资格qualification值班要求watch requirements对职责的适应fitness for duty职责范围areas of responsibility日常调节routine adjustment逃生路线escape routes驾驶台命令bridge order轮机日志engine room log book无人机舱un-attended machinery space (UMS)(unmanned machinery space)国际公约international convention国际海事组织international maritime organization (IMO)海事委员会maritime commission()MARPOL公约《1973年防止international convention for the prevention of pollution船舶污染国际公约》（1978年修正）from ships 1973 (as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating therto)SOLAS公约《国际海上人命安全公约》international convention for the safety of life at sea油类记录簿oil record book国际防止污染证书(IOPP)international oil pollution prevention certificate原油洗舱(COW) crude oil washing system惰性气体系统(IGS) inert gas system专用压载舱(SBT) segregated ballast tanks清洁压载舱(CBT) clean ballast tanks排油监控系统oil discharge monitoring and control system焚烧炉incinerator散装有害液体货物记录簿cargo record book for ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk 国际散装有害液体运输防污证书international pollution prevention certificate for the carriage of noxious liquid substances in bulk客船安全证书passenger ship safety certificate货船无线电安全证书cargo ship safety radio certificate货船结构安全证书cargo ship safety construction certificate货船设备安全证书cargo ship safety equipment certificate中国船级社china classification society(CCS)中华人民共和国船舶检验局the register of shipping of the people's republic of china (ZC) 定期检验periodical survey更新检验renewal survey年检annual survey中间检验intermediate survey火警探测器fire detector感烟探测器smoke detector火焰探测器flame detector感温探测器heat detector烟管警报系统smoke pipe fire alarm system蜂鸣器buzzer警铃alarm bell警报器howler灭火剂extinguishant灭火设备fire fighting equipment固定灭火设备fixed fire fighting equipment便携式灭火器portable extinguisher碳酸钠与酸混和灭火器soda-acid extinguisher泡沫式灭火器foam extinguisher化学泡沫式灭火器chemical foam extinguisher机械泡沫式灭火器mechanical foam extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon-dioxide extinguisher干粉灭火器dry powder extinguisher插销plunger钢瓶steel container喷嘴nozzle把手handle排出管discharge hose触发开关trigger control喇叭状喷管horn固定灭火装置fixed fire fighting installation救火泵fire pump应急救火泵emergency fire pump增压泵booster pump消防栓hydrant皮龙管hosepipe(hose)快速扣合接头snap-in connector喷头sprinkler head (sprayer)泡沫发生器foam generator惰性气体发生器insert gas generator消防部署fire fighting strategy消防演习fire fighting drills呼吸面具breathing apparatus卤化烃系统halon system卤化烃1301 halon 1301(BTM)卤化烃1211 halon 1211(BCF)第10 部分维修常用词汇Useful Expressions in Repair ListA. 故障Troubles发现已无法修复found beyond repir发现尺寸过大found over-sized发现反应缓慢found slow function发现不正常found out of order发现不合标准found not up to standard发现不准确found inaccurate发现失效found ineffective发现失去作用found out of function发现咬住found seized发现冻结found stuck fast by icing发现过热found over heated发现过度磨损found excessive wear(found worn out;found worn away) 发现有一点倾斜found a little bit inclined发现因过热而毁坏found destroyed by over heating发现龟裂found chapped发现塌陷found collapaed发现运转失灵found out of operation发现呈椭圆形found oval发现拉痕found scored发现拉毛面积found scuffed about XX in area发现变形found deformed发现变形超过xx mm found deformed over a length of XX MM发现松动found loose发现油污found greasy发现赃污found dirty发现挤铅found squeezed发现弯曲found bent发现故障found faulty发现结霜found frosted发现损坏found damaged发现破裂成片found broken into pieces发现部分剥离found partly detached发现部分阻塞found partly blocked发现剧烈震动found violent vibration发现效率不高found low efficiency发现挠曲found twisted发现烧坏found burnt发现堵塞found choked发现断裂found fractured发现接地found earthed发现敲缸found knocking发现漏泄found leaking(leaky)发现熔化found melted away发现缩减约10mm found reduced about 10 mm发现在气缸内卡住found jammed up in the cylinder在某部位发现裂纹found cracked in way of如必要if necessary如发现必要if found chapped如发现有毛病any defectives if found一般要求General Requirements一式两份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein duplicate(two copies)一式三份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein triplicate(three copies)一式四份交轮机长to be handed over to C/E in quadruplicate送交轮机长to be sent to C/E(to be delivered to C/E;TO be submitted to C/E) 厂供to be supplied by yard以备检验to be prepared for survey用波浪键修补to be remedied by means of metallock用船上备件替换to be replaced with ship's spare用千斤顶提起to be jacked up出具证书certificates to be issued出具检验报告survey report to be issued充to be charged充以二氧化碳气体to be filled with co2 gas运至to be transported to取消to be cancelled供应to be provided供验船师检验to be presented for surveyor's inspection所有钢瓶测试all bottles to be calibrated所有钢瓶称重all bottles to be weighted制造并供应to be made and supplied按现有的制作并安装to be fabricated and installed according to the existing one除霜to be defrosted砌to be paved重充氟里昂12 to be refilled with freon 12重充水银ti be recharged with marcury送至to be removed to(to be sent to;to be transferred to )送车间修理to be sent to work shop for repaira退回船上作备用to be returned to ship as spare绘制图纸交船srawing to be made and sumitted to ship按要求修理to be repaired as required按302项处理treated as item 302。

中华人民共和国海事局2003年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第30期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：801适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶轮机长（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1.5分,第77题至78题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题：1. The cylinder head, cylinder liner and _____ form the combustion chamber．A. frameB. pistonC. crankcaseD. explosion plate2. A diesel engine burns ________ a gasoline engine of the same capacity in the same period oftime．A. as much fuel asB. less fuel thanC. less fuel asD. more fuel than3. Acid solution _____ in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some on to a pieceof lime．A. strengthB. denseC. percentageD. velocity4. A： Please tell me the specifications and quantity． B： _____．A. Pump diesel oil firstB. 300 tons of 180 cst fuel oilC. The figure is all rightD. OK, I'll sign it5. The film of oil between the rings and the liner is not only essential for the lubrication but alsoplays an important part in achieving _____．A. an oil sealB. removing heatC. a gas sealD. cooling the piston6. The tendency for lubricating oil to thin out at high temperatures and thicken at low temperatureswill be characterized by a _____．A. low viscosity indexB. high viscosity indexC. high neutralization numberD. low demulsibility quality7. Operating a diesel engine for prolonged periods, with a closed freshwater cooling system, attemperatures lower than the normal design temperature can cause _____．A. the formation of sulfuric acidB. a decrease in lube oil viscosityC. a decrease in cooling water pHD. a thermostat failure8. ______ is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air startvalve．A. An air receiverB. An operating valveC. An automatic valveD. An air distributor9. The difference between a supercharged engine and an un-supercharged engine is that _____operates at an increased pressure．A. the laterB. the latterC. the formerD. the farmer10. A sealing arrangement is provided at _____ of the tail-shaft with the propeller and conecompleting the arrangement．A. both endsB. neither endC. the outboard endD. either end 11. The linear motion of a diesel engine piston is converted to the rotary motion required to drivegears, propeller shafts, and generators by the _____．A. flywheelB. crankshaftC. journal bearingsD. camshaft12. The use of a poor quality piston cooling oil can lead to rapid deterioration of its properties withthe resultant formation of deposits in the piston crown which in turn results in a considerable _____ in heat transfer．A. advantageB. superiorC. increase D． reduction13．We should not start the engine unless the turning gear is _____ ．A. onB. disengagedC. boltedD. unscrewed14. The ability of the governor to prevent fluctuations in engine speed is termed _____．A. sensitivityB. stabilityC. promptnessD. speed droop15. A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating _____．A. fuel supplyB. firing orderC. engine loadD. oil level16. It is relatively _____ to drive the compressor directly from the engine by chain/or othermechanism because some of the additional power is absorbed．A. economicalB. expensiveC. inexpensiveD. loss17. Load control on a diesel engine is accomplished by _____．A. regulating the speed of the turbochargerB. rotating the fuel injector pump plungerC. regulating the speed of the fuel oil transfer pumpD. changing engine timing18. _____, the following possible causes should be investigated．A. Should the engine stop without apparent reasonB. The engine should stop without apparent reasonC. The engine stops without apparent reasonD. The engine is stopped without apparent reason19. To operate a centrifugal fire pump at reduced capacity, you should _____．A. readjust the relief valveB. throttle the suction lineC. throttle the discharge valveD. open the priming line20. If you were operating a centrifugal water service pump with worn wearing rings, the _____．A. pump would be very noisyB. pump would vibrate excessivelyC. pump would develop insufficient flowD. stuffing box would leak excessively21. Which bearing half will receive the greatest load in a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine?A. Lower half of the connecting rod bearing at the crankshaft end of the rod.B. Upper half of the main bearing.C. Lower half of the cross-head pin bearing in the connecting rod.D. All bearing halves share an equal load.22. Where tanks are arranged for either oil or ballast _____ must be fitted in the pipeline．A. a change-over chestB. a head tankC. a emergency bilge pumpD. an air cooler23. The boiler is fired _____ the demand for steam exceeds that available from exhaust gas heating．A. wheneverB. howeverC. whereverD. whether24. In readying an auxiliary water-tube boiler for a routine hydrostatic test, which of the followingprocedures should be undertaken prior to filling the boiler with fresh water?A. The safety valve escape piping should be disconnected from the valve body and a blankinserted．B. The boiler vent valves should be opened．C. All handhole/manhole covers should be tightened up as much as possible to preclude anyleaks．D. All of the above．25. The bilge main is arranged to drain any watertight compartment_____ ballast, oil or water tanksand to discharge the contents overboard．A. rather thanB. other thanC. in addition thatD. except for26. When in operation, it is unavoidable that a small amount of oil _____ through leakage, and inorder to compensate for these leaks the system is connected to a feed pump．A. escapesB. overheatsC. expandsD. accelerates27. When reassembling the bowl of a disk-type centrifuge, the bowl or locking ring is rotated_______．A. clockwise, due to the bowl rotating clockwiseB. clockwise, due to the bowl rotating counterclockwiseC. counterclockwise, due to the bowl rotating clockwiseD. counterclockwise, due to the bowl rotating counterclockwise28. Under the regulations implementing MARPOL, a mobile offshore drilling unit is required to havean International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) certificate when the unit _____．A. is drilling on the Outer Continental ShelfB. moves to a new drilling location in U.S. watersC. engages in a voyage to a port of another country which is a party of MARPOLD. All of the above.29.The oil sludge is burnt in the _____onboard. I‟l l show you the ashes．A. boilerB. main engineC. auxiliary engineD. incinerator30. Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert mechanicalinto hydraulic energy?A. the hydraulic pumpsB. valvesC. hydraulic cylindersD. hydraulic motors31. If a radial piston hydraulic pump fails to deliver rated fluid volume, the cause can be _____．A. contaminated fluidB. pitted thrust ringsC. worn pintle bearingsD. obstructed suctions passage32. The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlled with _____．A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel33. If a heavy sea strikes the _____, the shock is transmitted through the tiller to the rams．A. propellerB. rudderC. bow thrusterD. stabiliser34. An AC synchronous transmission type remote steering control system consists of a _____．A. transmitter at the steering station and a receiver at the steering engineB. reversible motor at the steering station geared to the steering pumpsC. small induction motor on the bridge which controls the rudder through pulleysD. variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by a reversible DC motor35. A knocking sound from one cylinder of an operating air compressor indicates _____．A. a defective or broken high pressure un-loaderB. a loose valve plateC. excessive overloadD. no compression36. When a flash-type evaporator is to be secured for an extended period of time, the entire unitshould be drained, cleaned, and _____．A. completely filled with saltwaterB. filled with de-scaling compoundC. tightly closed to exclude airD. vented to the atmosphere37. The compressed air is supplied by ___ to the air reservoirs．A. compressorsB. forced fansC. ventilatorsD. generators38. A dirty intercooler on the ship service air compressor will result in _____．A. decreased compression ratioB. higher than normal power consumptionC. un-loader malfunctionD. water in the lubricating oil39. Accidental flooding of the engine room bilges by the bilge main is prevented by _____．A. stop-check valves installed in the bilge suction manifoldsB. using a positive displacement reciprocating bilge pumpC. installing eductors in all bilge rose boxesD. installing a swing check before each bilge valve40. When a refrigeration compressor is in the 'off ' cycle, the thermal expansion valve will_____．A. always be wide open when the compressor restartsB. continue to operate if the system were in operationC. remain open until evaporator pressure equalizes, then close until the compressor restartsD. always be completely closed until the compressor restarts41. While troubleshooting a refrigeration system for low head pressure, liquid refrigerant floodingback from the evaporator is determined to be the cause. It may be necessary to _____．A. change the expansion valve adjustmentB. readjust the water regulating valve to increase the flow of waterC. purge air from the condenserD. clean the waterside of the condenser42. When adding oil to a refrigeration system, precautions must be taken to ensure that_____．A. the compressor suction pressure is not too highB. all air is purged from the pump and charging fittingsC. the high pressure cutout switch is held open to prevent accidental startingD. the condenser is completely shutdown first43. Your assigned emergency stations aboard your vessel can be found on the ship's _____．A. muster listB. certificate of inspectionC. clearance papersD. permit to proceed44. If the fire goes out in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler and the burner continues to supplyfuel, there is a potential danger of _____．A. overpressure and dry firingB. a severe furnace explosionC. spalling damage to the brickworkD. heat damage to the atomizer45. The ___ is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expected as thecosine of phase angle．A. powerB. efficiencyC. effective powerD. power factor46. A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the _____．A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay47. When working on a high voltage circuit, you should always have another person present with you.This person should have a good working knowledge of _____．A. the circuit being worked on and the location of all switches and circuit breakers controlling itB. first-aid techniques for treating electrical shockC. cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)D. All of the above．48. Which of the following should be the FIRST step in removing a generator from parallel operation?A. Trip the generator off the switchboard．B. Turn off all electrical equipment．C. Remove the load from the 'off going' generator．D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line．49. The operating medium for control systems may be _____．A. compressed airB. hydraulic oilC. electricityD. All of the above．50. Loss of lubricating oil pressure to the main propulsion diesel engine will actuate a/an _____．A. overspeed tripB. audible/visual alarmC. the ships/boats general alarmD. reserve oil storage tank51. The most common type of containment device for spilled oil on the water is the use of _____．A. strawB. boomsC. skimmersD. chemical dispersants52. Electric insulation is made of organic substances and so gradually ___ with age．A. deterioratesB. increasesC. are fouledD. becomes better53. While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of the fire alarm. Which ofthe following actions should you take?A. Make an entry in the official logbook．B. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO2 system．C. Start the fire pump and check discharge pressure．D. Secure auxiliary condenser overboard discharge．54. After the trouble of the automatic control system has been completely eliminated, assistance is______ required.A. remainedB. stillC. no longerD. much more55. A circuit breaker differs from a fuse in that a circuit breaker _____．A. melts and must be replacedB. is enclosed in a tube of insulating material with metal ferrules at each endC. gives no visual indication of having opened the circuitD. trips to break the circuit and may be reset56. Ambient temperature is the _____．A. amount of temperature rise with no loadB. temperature of the compartment where the motor is locatedC. normal operating temperature, less the room temperatureD. amount of temperature developed by an operating moto57. Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a relay and a contactor?A. Contactors control current and relays control voltage．B. A relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connected．C. Contactors can handle heavier loads than relays．D. Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper．58. The pressure difference before and after the lube oil filter indicates _____ the filter should becleaned．A. whenB. howC. whereD. whether59. In order to ensure the safety of the ship and its equipment during UMS operation, certainessential functions _____．A. must be providedB. may be providedC. have providedD. can be provided60. In the engine department, the_____ is looked upon to provide the leadership that is needed．A. captainB. chief engineerC. chief officerD. chief motorman61.Duty officer informs us that the vessel is out of harbor and in “Full Ahead”.We are going to run_____．A. diesel oil instead of fuel oilB. fuel oil instead of diesel oilC. diesel oil instead fuel oilD. fuel oil instead diesel oil62. We still do not know _____．A. where is the troubleB. where does the troubleC. where the trouble isD. what is the trouble63.The order“Bow thrust stop.”means“_____”．A. Bow thrust full to portB. Bow thrust full to starboardC. No bow thrust revolutionsD. No stern thrust revolutions64. Under the provisions of applicable international conventions, ships entitled to fly the flag of aParty are subject, while in the port of a Party, to control by officers duly authorized by theParty． Ships of non-parties or below convention size shall be given ______．A. more favorable treatmentB. less favorable treatmentC. no more favorable treatmentD. the most favorable treatment65. ______ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergencyswitchboards．A. Large passenger vesselsB. General cargo shipsC. Container shipsD. Oil tankers66. With regards to a diesel engine crankcase explosion, the most violent is the _____．I．primary explosion II． secondary explosionA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I or II67. A certificate， called a(an) ______ ,should be issued to a ship by the Administration．A. ISMB. DOCC. SMCD. PS68. When making entries in the Oil Record Book, the date, operational code, and item number shallbe inserted in the appropriate columns. Furthermore, the required particulars shall be ____．A. recorded only for accidental oil dischargesB. recorded only for operations involving discharge of oily wasteC. signed by the oiler who enters them in the Oil Record BookD. recorded chronologically in the blank space二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：Please carefully read the following table and then answer the questions according to the information from this table.Table : types of fire extinguisherA. solid materialsB. liquid materialsC. petroleum gasD. electrical equipment70. Which type of fire extinguishers can be used to extinguish all classes of fires?A. sodaB. waterC. foamD. dry powder71. There is one type of fire extinguisher which is injected directly at base of fire making use of gasthat can not be used in accommodation. Which one is it?A. waterB. foamC. CO2D. dry powder72. When used to extinguish class B fire, extinguisher should be turned upside down and cover firesmoothly.A. a soda and acidB. a foamC. a CO2D. a dry powder第二组Where routine maintenance is concerned, the governor should be checked regularly for adequate lubrication. The operating range is usually quite small, giving a tendency for them to wear over limited areas. Then a sudden and larger change in speed than normal may carry the governor onto a ridge of debris or gummy oil deposit so that it may stick at that point. To restrict this problem as far as possible, the governor pivots, slide, etc. should be cleaned and well lubricated whenever possible. It should be born in mind that the governor structure is such that, were the spring to fracture in any way, the flyweights would be able to move outwards and shut the engine down. The connections from the governor to the fuel racks should be designed in such a way that the governor can both increase and decrease the fuel within the bounds of some hand setting; i.e. the governor can adjust the fuel settings but cannot release more fuel to the engine than is dictated by some predetermined value set by the engine operator.To overcome the above limitations of the CF governor, …servo governors‟ have been developed. These use the power of hydraulics to pump the heavier fuel rack systems associated with larger engines into the desired posit ion. This …powered‟ operation is rapidly and accurately achieved, and the hydraulic flow can be either electrically or mechanically controlled. The speed sensing can be done by a tachometer arrangement that can be set to the desired speed, and on sensing any variation a solenoid operated flow valve allows pressurized hydraulic flow into a servo system of pistons/plungers which resets the rack positions. Although this system is quite effective, more mechanically controlled governors are fitted to larger engines. These use the principle of the CF governor, i.e. fly weights acting against spring pressure, but instead of the slide working directly onto the fuel racks it simply regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid to servo pistons controlling the rack positions. this system therefore has the proven reliability and sensitivity of the small CF governor and yet develops quite a large governor effort through the hydraulic fluid.73.Which of the following is the reason that the governor discussed sticks?A. The governor is not sensitive normally.B. It is because of wear in normal working range.C. The change of speed is too small .D. All of the above are true.74.If the spring fractured，______.A. the fly weights would fracture tooB. the speed would be greatly increasedC. the operator would set the valueD. the fuel would be cut off75.The “servo governors” ______.A. can produce a large forceB. are mechanically controlledC. use flyweights to sense the speedD. All of the following are true.76.The second paragraph is mainly about ______.A. hydraulic powerB. CF governorsC. advanced governors in stead of CF governorD. electrical or mechanical hydraulic flow三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77.PSC官员在检查机械处所时，如果发现阀手轮丢失、水和油长期渗漏的迹象或机器底座的延伸性锈蚀，则说明船舶对系统的维护不能令人满意。

中华人民共和国海事局2005年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第38期）科目：航海英语试卷代号：903适用对象：无限航区、近洋航区二/三副(本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间100分钟)答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑．第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1.5分，第77题至81题每题4分．一．单项选择题1．Hard right rudder means ______．A．jam the rudder against the stopsB．meet a swing to the right，then return to amidshipsC．put the rudder over to the right all the wayD．put the rudder over quickly to 15 degrees right rudder2．It is dangerous for vessels without the use of radar ______ the estuary．A．to get B．to approach C．to proceed D．to close3．Get searchlight ______ for transiting the canal at night．A．on B．already C．ready D．almost4．Go and ______ your Shipper to my cabin．A．take B．bring C．fetch D．carry5．Allow me to put ______ some evidence for your further consideration．A．up B．on C．into D．forward6．Many new ______ will be opened up at sea in the future for those with a university education．A．opportunities B．realities C．necessities D．probabilities7．Of the following，_______ means the sufficiency of a vessel in materials，construction，equipment，crew，and outfit for the trade or service in which it is employed．A．Seaworthiness B．Cargo-worthiness C．Readiness D．Proficiency 8．The following ______ is a standard phrase．A．W ARNING．You are running into dangerB．You are possibly running into dangerC．You could be in the case of running into dangerD．You could，I think，be running into danger9．The following ______is a standard phrase．A．You may enter fairway B．You should enter fairwayC．ANSWER．It is permitted to enter fairway D．You could enter fairway10．The turning circle of a vessel is the path followed by the ______.A. center of gravityB. outermost part of the ship while making the circleC.bowD. tipping center11．Which of the following best indicates how many tons of cargo a ship can carry？A．Bale cubic B．Deadweight C．Gross tonnage D．Net tonnage 12．Ships are also required to carry a(n) _______ to mitigate the effects of environmental damage in the event of a pollution incident by ISM code and MARPOL convention.A. Oil Record BookB. Cargo Record BookC. Muster ListD. Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan13．Foam extinguishes a fire by ______．A．shutting off the air supply B．cooling the fuel to below ignition temperature C．dispersing(使分散) the fuel D．removing the source of ignition14．Most propellers on merchant vessels are constructed of_____．A．manganese bronze B．cast iron C．mild steel D．improved plow steel 15．Damage to ship’s fittings caused by stevedore's negligence often happens．Therefore，the stevedores ______ the cost of the damage repaired afterwards．A．should hold responsible for B．should be held responsible forC．should be free of D．should be bearable of16．Your vessel is equipped with totally enclosed lifeboats．Which statement is TRUE when the boat is enveloped in flames?A．The ventilators will automatically close by the action of fusible linksB．The motor takes its air supply from outside the lifeboat to prevent asphyxiation（窒息）of the crewC．A water spray system to cool the outside of the boat is operated by a high-volume manual pumpD．An air tank will provide about ten minutes of air for the survivors and the engine17．A fire starts on your vessel while refueling．You should FIRST ______．A．stop the ventilation B．sound the general alarmC．determine the source of the fire D．attempt to extinguish the fire18．At the required fire drill conducted aboard a vessel，all persons must report to their stations and demonstrate their ability to perform the duties assigned to them ______．A．by the tool pusher B．in the station billC．by the person conducting the drill D．at the previous safety meeting19．The difference in tones between the displacement in salt water at summer load waterline and the light weight of the vessel is ______．A．deadweight B．gross tonnage C．net tonnage D．displacement 20．By regulation，cargo tanks must be inert before and during what operation?A．Stripping B．Loading C．Cleaning D．Crude oil washing 21．You should do a ______ check to all of the cargo before shipment．A．though B．through C．thorough D．thoroughly 22．Chafing gear（防摩擦装置）is used to ______．A．anchor the boat B．pick up heavy loadsC．protect fiber rope from abrasion D．strengthen mooring lines23．TO EV ACUA TE A VESSEL FROM CREW AND PASSENGERS FOLLOWING A DISTRESSmeans ______．A. abandon vesselB. adriftC. beach toD. assembly station 24．THROWING OVERBOARD OF GOODS IN ORDER TO LIGHTEN THE VESSEL OR IMPROVE ITS STABILITY IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY defines ______．A. Dropping offB. JettisonC. Throwing awayD. Taking off 25．A safe pilot transfer operation relies on greatly the following except ______.A. lighting at night timeB. the number of the crewmembersC. lifebuoy with self-igniting lightD. VHF communication with bridge26．In radar plotting ,CPA is the abbreviation of ______．A．closest point to approach B．close point to approachC．crossing point to approach D．coming point to approach27．The ship ______ the Atlantic to America next week．A．shall cross B．shall cross to C．cross D．sail cross28．______ means the curve on the earth's surface which cuts all the meridians at the same angle．A．Great Circle B．Position Line C．Rhumb line D．True Bearing29．It is sometimes necessary to moor bow and stern to two mooring buoys in order to ______．A．avoid any swing in a restricted space B．shelter the ship from strong windsC．prevent to touch with other vessels D．make a convenience of cargo discharging 30．We ______ at anchor in the roadstead till the evening．A．have to ride B．have to get C．have to put D．have to make31．A vessel moored with two anchors，sometimes，at an exposed roadstead to ______．A．aid turning the ship B．obtain a fine bearingC．increase ship swings to wind or tide D．lighten the stress of anchor chains32．Every ship should hoist ______ when approaching and entering ports．A．its flashing light B．the ship's name C．its identification D．its signal letters 33．For working details ______ Admiralty list of Radio SignalA．refer B．see C．watch D．look34．In relation to the turning circle of a ship，the term advance means the distance ______．A．gained at right angles to the original courseB．gained in the direction of the original courseC．moved sidewise from the original course when the rudder is first put overD．around the circumference of the turning circle35．I have steerage way．It is said that ______．A．I am underwayB．I am out of controlC．I am not making way through the waterD．I have the amount of movement forward which the ship needs to be steered properly36．V essels are warned ______ in the area enclosed by pecked lines owing to the existence of numerous telegraph cables．A．anchor B．to anchor C．not to anchor D．not to anchoring 37．Plain language is usually used on marine weather ______．A．forecasts B．observations C．analyses D．reports38．As the temperature of an air mass decreases，the ______．A．absolute humidity（湿度）decreases B．relative humidity increasesC．specific humidity decreases D．dew point rises39．In the Northern Hemisphere，gusty winds shifting clockwise，a rapid drop in temperature，thunderstorms or rain squalls in summer (frequent rain/snow squalls in winter) then a rise in pressure followed by clearing skies，indicate the passage of a(n) ______A．warm front B．tropical cyclone C．anticyclone D．cold front 40．A generally circular low pressure area is called a(n) ______．A．cyclone B．anticyclone C．cold front D．occluded front 41．LOW AT 34N 135E ESL Y SLWL Y INTST NC．This description is most likely to be under the heading of ______．A．GL WNG B．GEN SYN C．STM WNG D．T Y WNG 42．MAINL Y GOOD BECOMING MODERA TE．This forecast probably refers to ______ in a certain area．A．visibility B．winds C．sea D．fog43．A shipper of cargo aboard your vessel offers a letter of indemnity for the cargo．This is done in order to obtain a(n) ______．A．clean Bill of Lading B．order Bill of LadingC．straight Bill of Lading D．through Bill of Lading44．No navigational aids are shown and chart is not kept corrected for alterations in depths inside the pecked lines．For more detailed information，the larger scale charts must be ______．A．bought B．analyzed C．consulted D．published45．In revised editions of Admiralty charts the ______ are corrected first．A．smaller scales B．larger scalesC．smaller scales and larger scales D．moderate scales46．A radio medical advice service ______ ships of all nationalities and no charge is made for this service．A．is available to B．is available for C．are available to D．are available for 47．One of the principal dangers inherent in liquefied petroleum gas is that ______．A．as it warms up it becomes heavier than air B．the way it reacts with sea waterC．its low temperature causes frostbite or freezing D．the strong odor it produces 48．Sailing directions are kept up to date by ______．A．publications B．notices to marinersC．supplements D．Annual Summary of Admiralty Notices to Mariners49．All events relating to navigation，such as ship's position，speed and details of the weather，are recorded in ______．A. LogbookB. Bell BookC. Oil Record BookD. Compass Error Book 50．A chart has extensive corrections to be made to it. When these are made and the chart is againprinted，the chart issue is a _______.A. first editionB. new editionC. revised editionD. reprint 51．Deviation is the angle between the ______．A．true meridian and the axis of the compass cardB．true meridian and the magnetic meridianC．magnetic meridian and the axis of the compass cardD．axis of the compass card and the degaussing meridian52．In which voyage，between two points，is the rhumb line distance NOT approximately the same as the great circle distance?A. The two points are in low latitudes in the same hemisphereB. The two points are in high latitudes in the same hemisphereC. The two points are near the equator，but in different hemispheresD.One point is near the equator，one point is in a high latitude，and both are near the180th meridian53． Do not _____the watch to the relieving officer until he has verbally expressed his acknowledgment of the information which has been passed by the officer handing over．A．turn over B．hand over C．take over D．hands off54．Charted depth is the ______．A. vertical distance from the tidal datum to the ocean bottom plus the height of the tide．B. vertical distance from the tidal datum to the ocean bottomC. average height of water over a specified period of timeD. average height of all low waters at a place55．Mariners proceeding across the main routes are recommended to do so at ______．A．as wide an angle as practicable B．as wide an angle so practicableC．like wide an angle as practicable D．like wide as angle so practicable56．A relative bearing is always measured from ______.A. true northB. magnetic northC. the vessel's beamD. the vessel's head 57．It may be found that，in certain circumstances，radar beacon emissions can cause ______ with the normal radar display，particularly at close range．A．unwanted interference B．unexpected figuresC．abnormal data D．unwanted information58．Radar display in which North is always at the top of the screen is a(n) ______．A．unstabilized display B．stabilized displayC．composition display D．relative display59．Refer to STCW 95: Despite the duties and obligations of pilots, their presence on board does not relieve ______in charge of the navigational watch from their duties and obligations for the safety of the ship．A．the master B．the master or officer C．quarter master D．helmsman 60．The purpose of the voyage and passage plan is to ensure that navigation is planned in adequate detail with contingency plans where appropriate to ensure safety navigation throughout the intended voyage from ______．A．anchorage to anchorage B．pilot station to pilot stationC．berth to berth D．berth to pilot station61．One of the two systems established by GMDSS for the transmission and automatic receipt of Maritime Safety Information is ______．A．Initial Distress Alerts service B．Navigational Warning serviceC．INMARSAT Safety Net service D．Meteorological Warning service62．Your vessel is equipped with a fixed CO2 system and a fire main system. In the event of an electrical fire in the engine room what is the correct procedure for fighting the fire?A. Use the CO2 system and evacuate the engine roomB. Use the fire main system and evacuate the engine roomC. Evacuate the engine room and use the CO2 systemD. Evacuate the engine room and use the fire main system63．______ is the process by which the position of the vessel at any moment is found by applying the last well-determined position to the run that has been made since，using for this purpose the ship's course and the distance being those indicated by log．A．Dead reckoning B．Dead weight C．Dead slow ahead D．Dead slow astern 64．We'll see ______ the compasses are in good condition．A．if B．how C．when D．where65．Your ship is steaming at night with the gyropilot engaged．You notice that the vessel's course is slowly changing to the right．Which action should you take FIRST?A．Notify the engine room of the steering malfunctionB．Change to hand steeringC．Call the MasterD．Send the Quartermaster to the emergency steering station66．A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver is one which ______．A．through some exceptional circumstance is unable to maneuver as required by the RulesB．from the nature of her work is unable to maneuver as required by the RulesC．due to adverse weather conditions is unable to maneuver as required by the RulesD．has lost steering and is unable to maneuver67．If your vessel is the stand-on vessel in a crossing situation ______.A. you must keep your course and speedB. you may change course and speed as the other vessel must keep clearC. the other vessel must keep her course and speedD. both vessels must keep their course and speed68． Every vessel which is directed by these Rules to keep out of the way of another vessel shall，if the circumstances of the case admit，avoid _______.A. crossing ahead of the otherB. crossing astern of the otherC. passing port to portD. passing starboard to starboard二．关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：While every effort is made to ensure that the data provided through the Notices to Mariners service is accurate, the user needs to be aware of the risks to corruption of data. It is important that the user should only use the data on suitable equipment and that, other applications should not be running on the user’s machine at the same time. Users should exercise their professional judgement in the use of data, and also consult the Mariners Handbook (NP100) for further details. The user needs to be aware that there is a possibility that data could be corrupted during transmission, or in the process of display or printing on the user’s equipment, or if converted to other software formats, and is accordingly advised that the UKHO cannot accept responsibility for any such change, or any modifications or unauthorised changes, made by licensees, or other parties.69．The data may become corrupted in any of the following process except _______.A. during transmissionB. in the display or printing on the user’s equipmentC. in converting to other software formatsD. in air mail delivery to the readers70．The use of the data is advised to consult _______ for further details.A. Mariners HandbookB. Sailing DirectionsC. Guide to Port EntryD. Notices to Mariners71．Of the following items _______ is not mentioned for which UKHO will accept no responsibility.A. change in the process of display or printingB. unauthorised changes made by licensees or other partiesC. modifications made by licensees or other partiesD. professional amendments．72．It is implied that _______.A. the data are incorrectB. the data are to be corrected intensivelyC. although the data are accurate enough, you are still advised to use it with cautionD. not to use it if you have not enough time or proper equipment to effect necessary correction 第二组：At about 0355, the second mate ended his radio conversation and went to the chart table to write up the log. With the second mate apparently busy, the seaman on watch attempted to identify the lights on the other vessel. When he returned to the bridge front, he suddenly saw a mast, with lights on it, passing extremely close to the starboard side and called out in alarm to the second mate. The second mate immediately engaged manual steering and applied 15° of port rudder. The seaman went to the starboard bridge wing from where he saw a vessel about two ship lengths astern. The second mate and the seaman had apparently not heard or felt any impact and they assumed that the other vessel had passed clear. The second mate heard the fishing vessel’s calls to the ship on VHF, but he did not acknowledge them. He also heard its communications with Brisbane Radio, but he did not respond. About 0750, the agent of the ship had been informed by the Brisbane harbour master that the ship had been in a collision with the fishing vessel.73．There were _______ persons on the bridge when the accident occurred.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 474．It is inferred that the 2/O was _______ when the close quarter situation was developing.A. talking over VHF with the fishing shipB. not keeping a proper lookout, and allowed himself to be distracted by his radio conversationwith his friendC. engaging himself in other things which are more urgent at the momentD. keeping a proper lookout but failed to identify the fishing ship75．It can be concluded that ______.A. the two ships did not collided each otherB. the two ships collided each other, but none of them acknowledged the accidentC. only the fishing ship acknowledged the accident at the momentD. only the big ship acknowledged the accident at the moment76．Of the following, ______ is not likely to be the contributing factor of the accident.A. the second mate was not keeping a proper look out at the momentB. the seaman did not report to 2/O what he sawC. the fishing ship was not keeping a proper look out at the momentD. in the night it was too dark or too difficult for the crew members to identify each other 三．中译英（共5题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77. 三副应经常检查防火门,防火挡板和通风系统的操作情况。

轮机工程技术英语1. Mechanical engineering technology -机械工程技术2. Engine -发动机3. Machinery -机械设备4. Technical drawing -技术绘图5. Thermodynamics -热力学6. Power plant -发电厂1. Mechanical engineering technology teaches students how to design and build various types of machinery.机械工程技术教授学生如何设计和制造各种类型的机械设备。

2. The efficiency of an engine depends on its design and the quality of its components.发动机的效率取决于其设计和零部件的质量。

3. The maintenance crew is responsible for repairing and maintaining the machinery in the factory.维修人员负责修理和维护工厂的机械设备。

4. Technical drawing is essential in order to communicate ideas and designs accurately in the field of mechanical engineering.在机械工程领域中，技术绘图对于准确地传达想法和设计至关重要。

5. Thermodynamics plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of gases and fluids in thermal systems.热力学在理解热系统中气体和流体的行为方面起着关键作用。

6. Power plants generate electricity by converting various energy sources into usable electrical energy.发电厂通过将各种能源转化为可用的电能来发电。

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第39期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题：1.The rotating range of the low speed diesel engine is usually lower than ______.A. 100 rpmB. 200 rpmC. 300 rpmD. 500 rpm2.Which of the following conditions may need to be reduced when operating a large, low-speed,main propulsion, diesel engine at low loads?A. Injection pressures.B. Control air supply pressure.C. Cooling water flow through after-coolers.D. Lube oil temperature.3.Suppose the rated capacity of the main engine of a ship is 10,000 KW. at 100 rated rpm, thenwhen at 80 rpm its capacity should be ______.A. 800 KWB. 5120 KWC. 6400 KWD. 4180 KW4.Machinery driving fuel oil transfer and fuel oil service pumps must be fitted with a remote meansof stopping the machinery from ______.A. within the space concernedB. outside the space concernedC. the throttle stationD. within the fire room5.Excessive clearances in the main or crank-pin bearings will sometimes be indicated by ______before any bearing knock is heard.A. loss of flow in the fuel systemB. loss of pressure in the air systemC. loss of flow in the lubricating systemD. loss of pressure in the lubricating system6.Which of the following statements is correct regarding an oil with a high viscosity index?A. A large change of viscosity occurs with a minor change in temperature.B. No change in viscosity occurs with any change in temperature.C. Very little change in viscosity occurs with a significant（显著的） change in temperature.D. The viscosity of the oil increases with an increase in temperature.7.The lubricating pipes and ducts should be blown out with ______.A. the atmosphereB. the fresh waterC. the compressed airD. the chemical compounds8.______, remedies must be taken to stop it as early as possible.A. Any surge occursB. Any surge occurredC. Should any surge occurD. Should any surge occurring 9.Which of the following conditions can cause above normal air temperature to develop in theintake manifold of a four-stroke/cycle, turbo-charged, diesel engine?A. Clogged air intake filters.B. Piston blow-by.C. A defective after-cooler.D. Faulty exhaust valves.10.The power generated in the turbine must ______that required by the compressor.A. be less thanB. be larger thanC. be as large asD. not be so large as11.When the propeller blades are integral with the hub, the propeller is called a ______.A. built up propellerB. solid propellerC. controllable pitch propellerD. suction back propeller12.The most important factor in engine performance is the actual power output at the end of thecrankshaft available for doing work. This is known as ______.A. indicated horsepowerB.brake horsepowerC. net horsepowerD. friction horsepower13.Grind the ______.A. keywayB. shaftC. packingD. valve14.In a ______the center screw is driven and the outer screws idle.A. single screw pumpB. double-screw pumpC. triple screw pumpD. centripetal pump15.Which of the following pumps belongs to centrifugal pump?A. reciprocating pumpB. screw pumpC. diffuser pumpD. water-ring pump16.During compressor’s running the accumulated moisture in the separators must be______.A. drained offB. collectedC. sent to the crankcasesD. separated with oil17.The emergency bilge suction valve is typically used ______.A. to inject cleaning additives when the bilges are extremely dirtyB. when the main condenser becomes fouled, in order to provide additional cooling watercirculationC. to connect the rose box to the independent bilge suctionD. if the bilges become flooded and they can not be emptied by any other means18.The valve best suited for throttling gas or liquid flow in a pipeline is the ______.A. gate valveB. globe valveC. check valveD. plug cock19.The clutch band of a constant tensioning mooring winch must be set up tight enough to drive thewinch drum and should slip only when ______.A. excessive loads are placed on the winchB. minimum pull is being exerted by the winchC. automatic operation of the winch is desiredD. wire is being retrieved at the maximum rate20.Improper maintenance of an automatic auxiliary boiler oil burner could result in ______.A. fuel pump failureB. fan motor failureC. increased feed-water consumptionD. decreased boiler efficiency21.For proper operation, auxiliary boiler feed water must have which of the following characteristics?A. High oxygen concentration.B. Low pH.C. Proper alkalinity.D. All of the above.22.The ______has a water damp ring.A. purifierB. oil/water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller23.The operating water is supplied under the ______of an oil separator.A. sliding bowl bottomB. bowl hoodC. bowlD. filter units24.An oil water monitor is required in order to measure ______.A. the oil content in waterB. the water content in fuel oilC. the water level in bilge wellD. the oil level in bilge well25.Here some oil in the oily water separator, as a result of its lower ______, will separate and riseinto the oil collection space.A. temperatureB. viscosityC. densityD. velocity26.If an oil spill occurs on deck, you should ______.A. cover the area with foamB. cover the area with absorbent materialC. wash down immediately with a fire hoseD. wash down immediately with an oil dispersing solvent27.______are used for cargo handling.A. CranesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Foreman28.Steering gears can be arranged with hydraulic control equipment known as a "______", or withelectrical control equipment.A. telemeterB. telemanometerC. telemotorD. telemometer29.In the hydraulic system, _____ is the power unit.A. oil pumpB. control valveC. hydraulic motorD. fittings30.With a vacuum boiling evaporator, the remainder of sea water fed to the evaporator is pumped outby ______.A. a brine pumpB. an air ejectorC. a feed pumpD. distillate pump31.When a flash-type evaporator is to be secured for an extended period of time, the entire unitshould be drained, cleaned, and ______.A. completely filled with saltwaterB. filled with de-scaling compoundC. tightly closed to exclude airD. vented to the atmosphere32.The starting air bottle should be pumped up to maximum pressure by the ______before start of theengine.A. air compressorB. refrigeration compressorC. vacuum pumpD. purifier33.Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a result of ______.A. bubbling refrigerantB. overheating and oxidationC. lowered operating temperaturesD. reducing the cloud or flash point34.The temperature differential occurring between the inlet temperature of the fluid to be cooled andthe outlet temperature of the cooling medium in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is greatest in which of the flow designs listed?A. CrossB. ParallelC. CounterD. Circular35.Zinc rods are installed in the refrigeration system ______.A. liquid strainerB. liquid receiverC. saltwater condenserD. evaporator36.In extreme weather conditions, either hot or cold, control of the air conditioning plant presents______difficulties.A. fewB. littleC. a littleD. less37.The temperature at which water vapor in the atmosphere begins to condense is called the ______.A. dew point temperatureB. condensation temperatureC. psychometric temperatureD. absolute humidity temperature38.When securing an AC generator, you should FIRST ______.A. open the generator circuit breakerB. switch the voltage regulator to ‘ manual'C. decrease the field excitation to minimumD. reduce the load on the unit39.A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the ______.A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay40.The flame safeguard control system of a large automatic auxiliary boiler will provide fuel shut offin the case of high ____________.A. waterB. voltageC. fuel pressureD. steam pressure41.For the proper control of the air temperature in an air conditioning system using chilled watercirculation, which of the listed conditions should remain constant regardless of load changes?A. Chilled water system supply temperature.B. Chilled water system return temperature.C. Compressor discharge temperature.D. Compressor suction pressure..ually the panels are interlocked with ______so that the devices can be made dead before thedoors are opened.A. protective earthB. isolatorsC. ground switchD. circuit-breakers43.______is the actual value of the controlled condition.A. Desired valueB. Set valueC. Measured valueD. Deviation44.The most common method of dealing with spilled oil on the water is the use of ______.A. strawB. boomsC. skimmersD. chemical dispersants45.A manometer is used to measure ______.A. pressureB. temperatureC. volumeD. specific gravity46.An ohmmeter can be used to measure ______.A. current flow in a circuitB. voltage between two points in a circuitC. circuit continuityD. power47.The electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery consists of distilled water and ______.A. hydrogen chlorideB. calcium chlorideC. sulfuric acidD. muriatic acid48.Remote control means that______.A. the system is manned manuallyB. the system is situated remotely from the operatorC. the system is controlled automaticallyD. all the above49.Electrically operated safety devices on auxiliary diesel engines function to stop the engine by______.A. increasing the volume of intake airB. shutting off the fuel supplyC. increasing the engine back pressureD. over-speeding the engine50.Which of the materials listed is used as the dynamic seal material on mechanical seals installed onmost centrifugal pumps used in water service?A. CopperB. Copper and carbonC. CarbonD. Bronze51.______is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed52.Improper cooling of a diesel engine cylinder liner due to the accumulation of scale deposits, maycause ______.A. low compression pressureB. increased piston wearC. increased cylinder lube oil consumptionD. poor contact between compression rings and liner53.Which of the following actions should be taken if during a routine maintenance inspection of acentrifugal pump, localized scoring on a pump shaft sleeve is detected?A. Correct the cause of the scoring and repair the sleeve or replace with a new one.B. Reassemble the unit and provide more water leak off for proper lubrication.C. Check for parallel alignment of the sleeve radial faces to the sleeve bores.D. Reassemble the unit and adjust the governor to obtain a slower speed.54.In a diesel engine, an extremely leaking exhaust valve can cause ______.A. misfiringB. pre-ignitionC. interrupted scavengingD. reduced scavenging55.Hearing a strong noise, ______at once.A. the engine stoppedB. the engine was stoppedC. he stopped the engineD. he had stopped the engine56.During the inspection, the starting air valves should be closed ______the engine from turning.A. to increaseB. to speed upC. to preventD. to reducepensated flow control, or constant flow valves are used in hydraulic systems to ______.A. compensate for major leaks in the systemB. maintain the original fluid viscosityC.allow for changes in pressure and temperature within the systemD. assure constant fluid temperature58.The bearing cap and shell are replaced and tightened up until ______.A. the “ nip ”is zeroB. the “ nap ” is zeroC. the “ gap ”is correctD. the “ clearance ” is correct59.Although lube oils used in the main lubricating service systems should have a relatively high flashpoint to avoid ignition, they can create smoke and fire hazards when they ______.A. are exposed to a vacuume in contact with extremely hot surfacesC. are reduced in temperature to just above the pour pointD. become extremely agitated or aerated60.______, the engine must be stopped immediately.A. Should knocking occurB. If knocking occurC. Should if knocking occursD. If occur knocking61.When starting a reciprocating pump, the discharge valve should be ______.A. closedB. opened fullyC. cracked openD. partly open62.Oil mist detectors are usually used on board to detect oil mist density within ______.A. the engine crankcaseB. the engin e scavenge boxesC. drain tanksD. fuel tanks 63.The resistance of electric wire will decrease as its ______.A. length increasesB. cross-sectional area increasesC. temperature increasesD. percent of metallic purities increases64.The ______is used to measure power.A. ammeterB. voltmeterC. wattmeterD. frequency meter65.The certificate for the refrigerating plant will ______soon. I’d like to extend its validation now.A. updateB. finishC. outdatedD. expire66.If the buoyant force （浮力）on a ship's hull is equal to or greater than the displacement tonnage,the ship will ______.A. require ballast added to only the port side tanksB. be down by the headC. sinkD. float67.The three basic parts of any eductor are the nozzle, the suction chamber, and the _____________.A. injectorB. compressorC.diffuserD. siphon68.The fire drill must, as far as practicable, be conducted as if ______.A. there is a minor emergencyB. there is an actual emergencyC. there were a minor emergencyD. there were an actual emergency69.To maintain the down stream pressure within defined limits over a range of flow and despite anychanges in supply pressure, ______is fitted.A. a check valveB. a gate valveC. a pressure reducing valveD. a quick closing valve70.Under the provisions of applicable international conventions, ships entitled to fly the flag of aParty are subject, while in the port of a Party, to control by officers duly authorized by the Party.Ships of non-parties or below convention size shall be given ______.A. more favorable treatmentB. less favorable treatmentC. no more favorable treatmentD. the most favorable treatment71.The volatility of a liquid is the tendency of a liquid to ______.A. igniteB. explodeC. asphyxiate(窒息)D. vaporize72.During fueling operations, which of the listed precautions should be taken when topping off fueltanks?A. Reduce the pumping rate by closing the deck filling valve.B. Close all overflow valves.C. Place 5 gallon containers under all flange connections in the fuel line.D. Reduce the pumping rate and sound tanks frequently as the level rises.73.Administrations should bear in mind the significance（重要性） of ______in maintaining safetyof life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.A. advanced nautical equipmentB. advanced performance main enginesC. emergency equipmentD. communication and language skills74.One of the major features of the STCW95 is the adoption of a new STCW Code, to which many______have been transferred.A. safety regulationsB. technical regulationsC. minimum requirementsD. standard requirements二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The great majority of large CPP have their hydraulic servomotor in the hub to operate the blade palms via push rods or a crankpin-sliding block mechanism. The hydraulic servomotor is actuated by a hydraulic circuit and controlled by control valves.CPP in large vessels are usually fitted with combinatory controls on the bridge. These are single-lever controls, the single lever controlling both propeller pitch and engine speed, either through pneumatic circuits operated by cams driven by a common shaft, or by electronic means.In either case closed loop circuits are employed, so that feedback, of propeller position and of engine speed, balances off the control signal.Additional control stands are often fitted on the bridge wings. These are commonly “slaves” to the main central bridge control stand.It is usual practice to take control of both engine and CPP by separate levers in the MCR after starting machinery, switching to bridge control from the MCR before leaving harbour. It follows that the consoles housing power supplies etc. for the CPP controls are generally fitted in the MCR.75.The blade palms of a large CPP are operated by______.A.the hubB.a hydraulic servomotorC.push rodsD.a crankpin-sliding block mechanism76.Which statement is NOT correct regarding to the single-lever controls?A. One single lever controls both propeller pitch and engine speedB.Shaft driven cams are used in pneumatic circuits for single lever controlsC.Electronic means can not be used in combinatory controlsbinatory controls are single lever controls77.In the single-lever control system, ______.A.open loop circuits are employedB.propeller position and of engine speed are fed back to balance off the control signalC.shaft driven cams used in electronic circuitsD.engine speed will not control by the lever78.As a general rule, before leaving harbour, the CPP will be controlled from (by) ______.A. bridgeB.MCRC.duty officerD.the master三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79.发现主机3号缸缸盖在进气阀座附近有一约3cm的裂纹，需要用金属扣合法修补，补后需做4 kg f/ cm2的水压试验。