2020高考英语一轮复习 专题突破13 完形填空之词语辨析

高考专项突破——完形填空( 附答案详析)一、完形填空解题策略：1．跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。

先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。

要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。

2．结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。

在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。

3．瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。

动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。

对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。

这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。

4．复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。

完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。

看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。

如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。

做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：1．完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。

2．第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。

此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。

3．做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。

由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。

因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。

2020年新课标II卷It was just after sunrise on June morning. “Nicolo”, whose real name cannot be (41) ______ to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, (42) ______ working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction（拍卖）” (43) ______ by the Italian police where things (44) ______ on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo, spotted two paintings he thought would look (45) ______ above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder (46) ______ until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he (47) ______ the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had (48) ______ from Turin. His son, age 15, who had (49) ______ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something (50) ______ about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed（签名）“Bonnard” or so he though t, but when he (51) ______ it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French (52) ______ he had never heard of. He bought a book and was (53) ______ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same (54) ______ as his father’s painti ng.“That’s the garden in our picture,” Nicolo son told his father. They (55) ______ learned that the painting they (56) ______ was called “That Girl with Two Chairs.” They (57) ______ the other painting and learned that it was (58) ______ Paul Gauguin’s “Still life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The (59) ______ called the Italian Culture Ministry, the official confirmed that the paintings were (60) ______ and worth as much as $50 million.[ ] 41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted附加分配暴露提交[ ] 42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried完成耽误考虑尝试[ ] 43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run逐参加保存取消经营[ ] 44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden展示发现保持藏[ ] 45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real好的熟悉的有用的真正的[ ] 46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargained 斗争辩论讨论讨价还价[ ] 47. held B. left C. registered D. brought 持有离开登记携带[ ] 48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved 选择接收命令移动[ ] 49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led 错过失败拿走，上（课）引导[ ] 50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natural 实在的不寻常的无吸引力的自然的[ ] 51. A. appreciated B. touched欣赏触摸C. researchedD. witnessed研究见证[ ] 52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor 画家设计师作家演员[ ] 53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready 期待的惊讶的焦虑的准备好的[ ] 54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden 房间厨房大厅花园[ ] 55. A. apparently B. confidently显然地自信地C. eventuallyD. temporarily最终暂时地[ ] 56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole 拥有借卖偷[ ] 57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied 收集打扫给…加框研究[ ] 58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically合适地事实上正确地特别地[ ] 59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police 女孩艺术家家庭警察[ ] 60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents 副本原件模型礼物【文章知识点汇总】1. because of 因为、由于2. appreciation n. 欣赏、感谢appreciate v. 感激、欣赏appreciative adj. 感激的、有欣赏力的3. retire v. 退休retirement n. 退休4. expose v. 使显露、揭露5. consider v. 考虑considerable adj. 相当大的considerate adj. 体贴的consideration n. 考虑、照顾6. confirm v. 确认、批准confirmation n. 确认、证实7. reserve v. 保留、预定n. 储备、保护区8. run v. 跑、进行、经营9. keep v. 保持、继续keep doing 持续做某事10. discuss v. 讨论discussion n. 讨论11. concrete adj. 具体的、实在的12. natural adj. 自然的、天生的nature n. 自然、天性naturally adv. 自然地13. anxious adj. 焦急的anxiety n. 焦虑14. collect v. 收集collection n. 收集collective adj. 集体的、共同的15. present adj. 现在的、目前的n. 现在、礼物【文章概要】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo 的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。

高考英语完形填空考点总结高考英语中的完形填空是一项综合性较强的题型，对于考生的词汇量、语法知识、阅读理解能力以及逻辑推理能力都有着较高的要求。

以下是对高考英语完形填空常见考点的总结。

一、词汇考点1、近义词辨析在完形填空中，经常会出现一些意思相近的词汇，需要考生根据上下文语境来选择最合适的单词。

例如，“big”“large”“huge”都有“大”的意思，但在具体的语境中，它们的侧重点和适用范围可能不同。

2、固定搭配英语中有很多固定的短语和搭配，如“take part in”（参加）、“be interested in”（对感兴趣）等。

考生需要熟悉这些固定搭配，才能准确地做出选择。

3、词汇的多义性有些单词有多种含义，在不同的语境中意思不同。

比如“cover”，可以表示“覆盖”“包括”“报道”等，考生要根据上下文来判断其准确含义。

二、语法考点1、时态和语态通过上下文来判断句子所需要的时态和语态是常见的考点。

例如，描述过去的事情要用过去时态，强调动作的承受者要用被动语态。

2、非谓语动词包括动词的 ing 形式、过去分词和不定式。

考生需要根据句子结构和逻辑关系来确定使用哪种非谓语形式。

3、从句定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等在完形填空中经常出现。

考生要掌握各类从句的引导词和句子结构。

三、上下文逻辑关系1、转折关系常见的转折词有“but”“however”“yet”等。

当出现这些词时，前后的意思往往相反。

2、因果关系“because”“so”“therefore”等词提示因果关系，考生要根据原因或结果来选择合适的选项。

3、并列关系“and”“as well as”“bothand”等表示并列关系，所连接的成分在语义和语法上通常是平等的。

四、文化背景知识有时候，完形填空的文章会涉及到英语国家的文化、风俗、习惯等方面的知识。

例如，某些节日的庆祝方式、特定的社交礼仪等。

了解这些背景知识有助于更好地理解文章和做出正确的选择。

1、For years China's Hainan province has been developing its tourism industry, with the key 1 made by central authorities that aims to turn the island into an international tourist destination.Hainan's tourism industry has grown 2 , but it's suffered from 3 is called “growing pains”. During the Spring Festival of 2018, thousands of holidaymakers returning home were stuck ina 4 traffic jam on the island.In order to develop Hainan into an international 5 of tourism and consumption, the governmentwill 6 the duty-free policy to 7 sales.In the future, the special-trained police in Hainan will equip 8 with more high-tech devices to quickly 9 to emergencies, to monitor tourist sites and to translate. Police officers are also being trained 10 foreign languages to 11 the language harrier and better help 12 tourists.The province is also seeking creative ways to attract tourists by offering them diverse andexclusive 13 . For instance, luxury hotels and vacation villages are 14 cultural and educational programs to accommodation, 15 somewhat reflects Hainan’s ambition to turn itself into the Dubai of China.China also plans to further extend the offshore duty-free shopping 16 in Hainan to cover all outbound tourists. Hainan has already had one of the world’s17 duty-free shopping centers and it's now the fourth island in the world to pilot the policy.The government wants Hainan to welcome more global investors, 18 a free trade zone by 2020 and a free trade port by 2025. In Sanya, the Phoenix Island International Cruise Port being upgraded is welcoming a ( n ) 19 number of people internationally and the 20 can look forward to a bright future.1.A.problem B.decision C.introduction ment2.A.rapidly B.normally C.fortunately D.slowly3.A.why B.how C.that D.whatplicated B.strong C.disordered D.extraordinary5.A.center B.institution anization D.trade6.A.look up B.take up C.open up D.put up7.A.welcome B.control C.decrease D.boost8.A.ourselves B.themselves C.yourselves D.itself9.A.devote B.answer C.respond D.relate10.A.in B.with C.by D.over11.A.debate B.overcome C.defeat D.challenge12.A.native B.suburban C.rural D.overseas13.A.knowledge B.feelings C.experiences D.hotels14.A.introducing B.borrowing C.taking D.copying15.A.what B.that C.which D.where16.A.rules B.convenience C.tax D.policy17.A.smallest rgest C.longest D.simplest18.A.dreaming B.recognizing sting D.becoming19.A.following B.increasing C.decreasing D.changing20.A.island nd ke D.ocean2、People were surprised after Chinese state media claimed that online shopping, high-speedrail,bike-sharing and electronic payment systems are China’s “four new great inventions”. Government-run Xinhua News Agency said the country deserved 1 for the inventions? comparing them to the inventions of 2 China: compass, gunpowder, paper, and 3 .According to SCMP, the 4 “four new great inventions” were 5 on last year'sresearch 6 by the Silk Road Research Institute. In a survey, China's foreign students from 20 countries near the “Belt and Road Initiative” were asked to7 China’s “four new inventions” that they want their home countries to put into 8 .Xinhua’s article noted that “Among the four,high-speed rail and online shopping aren’t9 China, but Chinese people bring the inventions to the world's 10 level with their intelligence and innovation(创新) and make them China’s11 card. ”12 , just a little research showed that not one of the claimed inventions originated from China. Online shopping was invented and 13 by Michael Aldrich in the UK in 1979, while theJapanese 14 the first modern high-speed rail in 1964. Meanwhile, e-payment systems havebeen 15 in the United States since the 1990s, 16 hike-sharing services were already a thing in Europe way back in the 1960s.Despite of the 17 , in recent years,a number of China's technological innovations have been making their 18 in the world. Among them,four 19 with a reputation of China’s “four great new inventions” in modern times,which have made the daily life of th e public more and more 20 .1.A.credit B.courage C.money D.knowledge2.A.modern B.developing C.ancient D.developed3.A.brush B.printing C.ink D.tea4.A.newly-built B.highly-developed C.badly-transformed D.so-called5.A.depended B.called C.fixed D.based6.A.delivered B.checked C.conducted D.explained7.A.pick B.guess C.improve D.observe8.A.blame B.action C.service D.effect9.A.on B.against C.from D.for10.A.certain B.low C.basic D.top11.A.testing B.visa C.calling D.payment12.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However13.A.pioneered B.ruined C.purchased D.borrowed14.A.dreamed B.operated C.imagined D.prohibiteded B.examined C.registered D.required16.A.so B.while C.since D.as17.A.schedulers B.traditions C.conflicts D.origins18.A.moves B.drawbacks C.connections D.concerns19.A.do up B.make for C.stand out D.take on20.A.puzzling B.convenient C.challenging D.controversial3Migrant workersIn the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have 1 most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the 2 in the Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to 3 outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle Easthas attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.In view of the 4 living and working conditions in the Middle East, surprising it is not that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a 5 attraction. An allied (联合的) benefit is the low 6 or a complete lack of it. This 7 the amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating (补偿的) advantage. 8 , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other for safety and comfort. 9 , many migrant workers can save large sum of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater10 to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do 11 work in their home country.One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are 12 ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be 13 since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any case, migrant workers accept this 14 , along with others, because of the 15 financial benefits which they receive.1.A.presented B.devoted C.adapted D.restricted2.A.style B.evidence C.case D.hint3.A.call in B.bring up C.turn down D.help out4.A.excellent B.difficult C.fair D.stable5.A.casual B.familiar C.major D.final6.A.consumption B.pressure petition D.taxation7.A.occupies B.increases C.blocks D.protects8.A.For example B.In particular C.By comparison D.In other words9.A.Therefore B.Likewise C.Consequently D.However10.A.agreement B.outcome C.prediction D.challenge11.A.skillful B.vivid C.routine D.potential12.A.temporary B.ordinary C.voluntary D.revolutionary13.A.claimed B.criticized C.considered D.expected14.A.sacrifice B.reminder C.disadvantage D.appreciation15.A.limited B.considerable C.reasonable D.potential4、阅读下面短文。

2020年完形填空解析版静安【解答】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在到处充斥着虚假新闻的时代，卖家与消费者建立信任至关重要，最佳方式是与消费者进行公开对话。

【小题1】答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：事实证明，对自己的产品保持诚实是令人痛苦的，这实际上可能会使你的品牌受益。

A.nervous紧张的；B.honest诚实的；C.careful仔细的；D.particular挑剔的。

上文提到随着消费者对网络广告和隐私问题越来越失望，该如何说服消费者购买你的产品呢？再结合下文的介绍可知，对自己的产品保持诚实会让你的品牌受益，故B项正确。

【小题2】答案：C解析：考查副词词义辨析。

句意：此外，根据该报告，大多数消费者对在线同行评议和朋友推荐的信任远高于公司的广告信息。

A.Instead相反；B.Otherwise否则；C.Moreover此外；D.However然而。

空前说消费者对影响者营销策略的认知正在提高,此处对前面进行补充说明，与之是并列关系，用moreover引出需要补充的内容，故C项正确。

【小题3】答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意同上。

A.reviews评论、评议；B.reactions反应；C.experiences经历；D.instructions指示。

根据空后的"as much as recommendations from friends"可知此处指”同行评议”，故A项正确。

【小题4】答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：看起来，来自普通人的反馈实际上比一个难以企及的品牌大使更有分量。

A.weight重量重要性；B.risks风险；C.warnings警告；D.burdens负担。

上文说大多数消费者对在线同行评议和朋友推荐的信任远高于公司的广告信息，因此普通人的反馈似乎比一个品牌大使更有分量，故A项正确。

【小题5】答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：报告发现，供应商和买家之间存在很大的信任鸿沟。

历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结动词类：1“看”look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; notice 注意catch sight of看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TV2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流Say sth诉说的内容speak in English说的语言whisper sth to sb 耳语Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事bargain讨价还价chat with sb.和某人聊天repeat重复explain sth. to sb.解释warn警告remind提醒discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出,计算、描绘、declare宣布、claim自称、mention 提起。

admit 承认。

deny 否绝。

describe描述。

announce 公布。

introduce 介绍。

complain抱怨3“叫”cry哭叫。

call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气。

quarrel大吵4“问”ask 询问。

interview 采访。

express表达。

question审问5“答”answer回答。

respond回应(用其他方式回应) 。

reply回复6 “听”listen to听的动作。

hear听的结果。

pick up收听7“写”dictate听写。

write sth 写。

describe描写。

drop sb. a line 写信。

draw画。

take down/write down写下，记下8“拿/放”take拿走。

bring拿来。

hold举着，拿、握、举行、持有（见解）。

高考专项突破——完形填空( 附答案详析)一、完形填空解题策略：1．跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。

先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。

要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。

2．结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。

在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。

3．瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。

动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。

对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。

这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。

4．复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。

完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。

看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。

如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。

做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：1．完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。

2．第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。

此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。

3．做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。

由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。

因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。

词义辨析要点[要点巩固]词义辨析考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难题，欲觅简明准确的解释并非易事，考生在学习时首先应掌握其基本意思，再结合特定的语境进行比较。

有鉴于此，我们将在教学中所积累的并结合高考试题，给考生提供中学英语中常见的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型等方面的指点。

英语中的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型之间的区别，有的属英汉语意差别，有的属不同搭配表达意义不同，有的属搭配不同表达意义相同，有的属语气轻重有别，有的则属搭配范围和习惯不同等等。

因此我们只能把重点放在中学英语学习过程中常见的易混、易错之处，不求面面俱到，只求对症下药，说清为止。

[例题剖析]例12. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everyone in the office.A. whichB. thatC. thisD. it剖析：该题为非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用 which .正确答案为A.3.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _____ his notes.A. bring upB. referring toC. looking forD. trying on剖析：此题考查短语动词的区别，这四个短语的基本意义为：bring up“养育、提出;吐出”，refer to“论及、说到、谈到、提及；参考、参阅、参照”，look for“寻找、寻求” try on“试穿，试戴”，根据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。

应选B。

6.--- Ow! I’ve burnt myself!--- I _____ a hot pot.A. touchedB. keptC. feltD. held剖析：touch“触摸”，keep “保持” feel “感觉” hold“拿着”，所给的语境是“烫伤”故选A，因为触摸，才可能烫伤。

高考英语完形填空高频词汇总结动词类：1、“看”look 看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; notice 注意catch sight of 看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看g lance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film , watch TV2、“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth 告诉的内容talk with sb about sth 强调说话者之间的交流say sth 诉说的内容speak in English 说的语言whisper sth to sb 耳语inform sb of sth通知某人某事reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事bargain 讨价还价chat聊天repeat 重复explain解释warn警告remind提醒 discuss 讨论debate 辩论figure 指出declare宣布claim自称mention 提起admit 承认deny否绝describe描述announce公布introduce介绍complain抱怨3、“问”ask询问interview 采访express表达question审问4、“叫”cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气quarrel 大吵5、“答”answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复6 、“听”listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到7、“写”dictate听写write sth写describe描写drop a line 写信draw画 take down/write down写下，记下8、“拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑（无方向性）fetch拿来拿去lift举put放lay 铺/放置pull拉/push推9、“抓”take hold of抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratc h 抠10、“打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮 attack攻击11、“扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手shake摇12、“送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer 主动给予see off给某人送行13、“摸/抱”touch摸/fold折叠/embrace拥抱/ hug抱/hold握in one’s arms 14、“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲15、“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip溜come/go enter进入move 搬迁drive开车ride骑fly crawl 匍匐前进16、“坐”sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠17、“睡/休息”lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have arest take a nap 打盹be asleep bend turn over翻身rest18、“笑”smile 微笑（不出声）laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing19、“哭”cry shed tears 留泪weep呜咽地哭sob抽泣burst into tears/burst out crying20、“找/查”find找到look for正在找过程find out查明discover/explore 发现/探索hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找 search sb 搜身search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地check检查，核实examine 考察发现问题/体检test检测，检验inspect视察21、“穿”put on 动作wear穿戴have on试穿be dressed in 穿的状态make-up化装 get changed 换衣服be in red take off 脱remove 去除22、“吃/喝”eat/drink sip吮吸have a meal have supper toast taste treat sb to请某人吃 help oneself to 随便吃23、“得”get obtain acquire 获得知识和技能gain possess24、“失”lose 丢了be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见gone不见（物）great loss die die off相继死去die away 逐渐消失25、“有”have 有own是自己的conquer征服occupy占有=possess26、“无”nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone27、“增/减”rise / go up /drop人主动抬价raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease 28、“买/卖”buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain bill / cheque /cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts29、“存在/消失”c ome into being exist appear survive live show turn up disappeardie die out pass away be out of sight30、“变化”develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without（negative adj.）turn + colour change /change into reform31、“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learnrealize understand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to 32、“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize one’sdream win lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. into reality33、“努力”try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do34、祝贺congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝get together 聚会35、赞美/批评praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb speak ill of36、喜/恶like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off 37、判断think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt38、到达arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leavefor on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth39、受伤hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss40、损坏damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash41、修复repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself42、支持/反对agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down beagainst elect vote for/ against43、做饭cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker44、建议advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服45、花费sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sthIt +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. atone’s expense46、省/存钱save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time47、参加take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against48、控告accuse sb. of charge sb. with49、救治help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. treat过程/ cure 结果sb. of sthaid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth50、敬佩admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of 51、逃避ran away escape from flee hide52、阻止/禁止prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth forbid doing sth. ban prohibit 53、对付/处理handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle54 、效仿copy imitate learn from learn55、爆发/发生come about happen to take place break out burst out go off explosion 56、安装/装备fasten fix set equip be armed with 用什么武装be equipped with装备有57、追求pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上keep up with跟上58、想/考虑think of 考虑/+as把什么看成think about想起consider think over仔细考虑 be concerned 担心be considerate towards sb.59 、打算plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do60 、似乎/好像seem appear look like as if as though61、开办/关闭open start set up close/close up end close down名词类:1、假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off2、旅游trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger gocamping/picnicking/hiking3、职务人员clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess assistant customer a dult neighbor relative patient /vet staffcrew nurse teacher c onductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard4、餐馆/定餐/就餐inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve/book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin 5、诊所/看病/服药clinic hospital take one’s temperature take medicine/pills have afever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6、车站/机场airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7、身体部位arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8、意志will courage patience determination faith effort c onfidence ambition energy9、才能/品质talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid carefulproud strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable 10、优缺点advantage disadvantage strength weakness11、目标aim goal intention purpose belief faith12、方式means method way manner approach13、身体素质strong weak pale sick ill be wel l keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight 14、图表photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图15、文章reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal日志diary日记Files form make a list of16、课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17、学校活动match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18、建议/观点advice/suggestion/idea/proposal/view/recommandation19、气候/天气climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snowhot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth20、交通by train/bus /boat，bike，on the train/bus /a bike，drive a car ，ride a bike ，give sb. a lift/ride21、习惯habit/custom/get used to regular有规律的（形容词）practice惯例（名词）22、感觉sight/hearing/touch/smell/sense23、情感feeling/emotion/anger /delight/sadness/sorrow24、财富money/possessions/wealth/belongings/fortunes/treasure/diamond /berich/well-off25、运动比赛on the playground、on the track and filed、 pitch event game、match、sports player 、coach/judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer26、衣服clothes/cloth/clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数；cloth 指布，为不可数名词；clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of27、事件incident/accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故形容词类:1、人的各种感受乐happy、delighted、to one’s joy、pleased、amused悲sad、unhappy、painful、bitter平静calm、quiet、silent/still、peaceful烦bother、bored、be fed up with震惊surprised、astonished、shocked /amazed怕in fear、be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate、disappointed、hopeless be depressed满意be satisfied with 、be content to do生气annoyed、angry、disgusting、burst into rage2、表程度的副词类narrowly/ nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite accidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by farfarther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/therefore/so/thus易考的近义词组:run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ matchhit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performer contain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ dofall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ accountcause/ reason that’s why/ that’s because because/ since,as/ for last/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divide stand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/range provide/supply/offer/ give/send。

一、词汇朗读版（2020年全国I卷完型词汇）2020年全国I卷完型第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 .I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比喻）meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity（机会）of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂That is, ＂What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?＂Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case42. A. admit B. believe C mean D. realize43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral53. A traditional B. important C. double D. original54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of57. A real B. Typical C. similar D. limited58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。

2020年山东新高考卷Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second (21) ______. He learned the value and beauty of (22) ______ there from a very young age.When he was 16, Molai began to notice something (23) ______ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the (24) ______ it caused had driven away a number of birds. (25) ______ the number of snakes had declined as well. He (26) ______ that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the (27) ______. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek (28) ______ during the daytime. He turned to the (29) ______ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and (30) ______ a nearby island where he began to plant trees.(31) ______ young plants in the dry season was (32) ______ for a lone boy. Molai built at the (33) ______ of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to (34) ______ rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below.Molai (35) ______ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.[ ] 21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice梦想工作家选择[ ] 22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge自然青年；青春自然知识[ ] 23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward珍贵的有趣的烦扰的尴尬的[ ] 24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage浪费张力；拉力痛苦破坏[ ] 25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 此外然而因此否则[ ] 26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted 同意意识到记住预言；断言[ ] 27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 噪音热量疾病灰尘[ ] 28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 方向伙伴；合伙人帮助避难所[ ] 29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 劳动；赚钱警察森林财政[ ] 30. A. rebuilt B. discovered重建；重组发现C. leftD. managed离开管理；经营[ ] 31. A. Decorating B. Observing装饰观察C. wateringD. Guarding给...浇水保卫；守卫[ ] 32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial 艰难的不合法的极好的有益的[ ] 33. A. back B. top背部顶点；表面C. footD. side脚方面；侧面[ ] 34. A. cool down B. keep off冷却；平静下来让开；不接近C. purifyD. collect净化收集；募捐[ ] 35. A. return B. learned返回；恢复学习C. failedD. continue失败继续【文章知识点汇总】1. dream of doing 梦想做某事2. nature n. 自然natural adj. 自然的3. choose v. 选择choice n.选择4. culture n. 自然cultural adj. 自然的5. interest n. 兴趣；爱好interested adj. 有兴趣的be interested in sth. 对...有兴趣6. pain n./v. 疼痛；努力；使...痛苦painful adj. 疼痛的7. agree v. 赞成，赞同agree with sb. about/on sth. 就某事很赞成某人8. remember v. 记得remember to do 记得要去做某事remember doing 记得做过某事9. noise v./n. 噪音make some noise 制造噪音10. direction n. 方向; 指导direct v. 指导；管理adj. 直接的11. finance n. 财政；金融financial adj. 财政的；金融的12. manage v. 管理；经营manager n. 经理；管理人manage to do sth. 设法；达成13. benefit v./v. 受益；有益beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的14. continue v. 继续continue doing sth. 继续做某事【文章概要】本文属于记叙文，Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大，16岁的时候一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。

历年高考英语完形填空高频词汇总结动词类：1“看”look强调看的动作see强调看的结果;watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察;notice注意catch sight of看见/stare盯着看；凝视stare at……盯着……看glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TVglare瞪着看；怒视glare at……瞪着……看2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb （about sth）强调说话者之间的交流say sth强调说的内容speak+语言说……语言speak English说英语whisper sth to sb 耳语inform sb of sth 通知某人某事talk/persuade sb into doing sth=persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事bargain讨价还价；达成协议claim声称; 索取; 断言mention 提起admit 承认deny 否绝describe描述announce 公布introduce 介绍complain抱怨chat聊天repeat重复explain解释warn警告warn sb.(not) to do sth.警告某人（不要）干某事warn sb.against (doing)sth.警告某人某事remind提醒discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出declare宣布3“叫”cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫sigh叹气quarrel大吵4“问”ask 询问interview 采访express表达question审问5“答”answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复6 “听”listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到7“写”dictate听写write sth 写describe描写drop a line 写信draw画take down/write down写下，记下8“拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑（无方向性）fetch拿来拿去lift举Put放lay 铺/放置pull拉/push推9“抓”take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratch 抠10“打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮attack攻击11“扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手shake摇12“送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer 主动给予see off给某人送行13“摸/抱”touch摸/fold折叠/embrace拥抱/ hug抱/hold 握in one’s arms14“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲15“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip溜come/go enter进入move搬迁drive开车ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进16“坐”sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠17“睡/休息”lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest take a nap打盹be asleep bend turn over翻身rest18“笑”smile 微笑（不出声）laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing19“哭”cry shed tears 留泪weep呜咽地哭sob抽泣burst into tears /burst out crying 20“找/查”find找到look for正在找过程find out查明discover/explore 发现/探索hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找Search sb 搜身search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地Check检查，核实examine 考察发现问题/体检test检测，检验inspect视察21“穿”put on 动作wear穿戴have on试穿be dressed in 穿的状态make-up化装get changed换衣服be in red Take off 脱remove 去除22“吃/喝”eat/drink sip吮吸have a meal have supper toast tastetreat sb to请某人吃help oneself to 随便吃23“得”get obtain acquire获得知识和技能gain possess24“失”lose 丢了be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见gone不见（物）great loss die die off相继死去die away 逐渐消失25“有”have 有own是自己的conquer征服occupy占有=possess26“无”nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone27“增/减”rise / go up /drop人主动抬价raise /bring dow n /reduce increase/decrease28“买/卖”buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn upDisappear die die out pass away be out of sight30“变化”develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without（negative adj.）turn + colour change /change into reform31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realizeUnderstand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream win Lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality33“努力”try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 34祝贺congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝get together 聚会35赞美/批评praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blamecriticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of36喜/恶like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off37判断think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt38到达arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth39受伤hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss40损坏damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash41修复repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself42支持/反对agree disagree accept receive refuse turn downbe against elect vote for/ against43 做饭cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush coveruncover cooker44 建议advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服45 花费sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sthIt +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense46 省/存钱save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time47 参加take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against48控告accuse sb. of charge sb. With49 救治help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程/ cure 结果sb. Of sthAid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth50敬佩admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of51逃避ran away escape from flee hide52 阻止/禁止prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. Ban prohibit53 对付/处理handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle54 效仿copy imitate learn from learn54 爆发/发生come about happen to take place break outburst out go off explosion55安装/装备fasten fix set equipbe armed with 用什么武装be equipped with装备有56 追求pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上keep up with跟上57 想/考虑think of 考虑/+as把什么看成think about想起considerthink over仔细考虑be concerned 担心be considerate towards sb.58 打算plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do59 似乎/好象seem appear look like as if as though60 开办/关闭open start set up close/close up end close down名词类“1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off2旅游trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking3职务人员clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess Assistant customer a dult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacherConductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard4餐馆/定餐/就餐inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin5诊所/看病/服药clinic hospital take one’s temperature take medicine/pills have afever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6车站/机场airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7身体部位arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8意志will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy9才能/品质talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable10优缺点advantage disadvantage strength weakness11目标aim goal intention purpose belief faith12方式means method way manner approach13身体素质strong weak pale sick ill be wel l keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight14图表photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图15文章reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志diary日记Files form make a list of16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17 学校活动match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18建议/观点advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation19气候/天气climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth20交通by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bikegive sb. a lift/ride21习惯habit custom get used to regular有规律的（形容词）practice惯例（名词）22感觉sight hearing touch smell sense23情感feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow24 财富money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasur e diamond be rich/well-off25 运动比赛on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game matchsports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/26衣服clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of 27事件incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故形容词类1人的各种感受乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused悲sad unhappy painful bitter平静calm quiet silent/still peaceful烦bother bored be fed up with震惊surprised astonished shocked /amazed怕in fear be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed满意be satisfied with /be content to do生气Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage2 表程度的副词类narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quiteAccidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by farFarther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus….易考的近义词组Run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ matchHit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performer Contain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ doFall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ accountCause/ reason that’s why/ that’s because because/ since,as/ forLast/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divideStand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/rangeProvide/supply/offer/ give/send浅谈幼儿心理健康教育摘要:城乡各类幼儿园都应从实际出发，因地制宜地实施素质教育为幼儿一生的发展打好基础。

专题13 完形填空易错点1 熟词生义掌握不全面1.He looked surprised, but got right to work, trying to find the _________ tire.A. spareB. freeC. fullD. empty【错因分析】spare熟义是“抽出时间”。

【试题解析】在这篇文章中，spare意为“备用的”。

【参考答案】A2. Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly. A guest told the front-desk clerk she had had a wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet _________.A. developedB. takenC. washedD. loaded【错因分析】develop熟义是“发展”。

【试题解析】film在此意为“胶片”，故选A，develop意为“冲印”。

【参考答案】A所谓“熟词生义”就是指有些词尽管我们认识，但出现在完形填空或者阅读理解中如果运用常见的含义来理解的话，会导致理解错误、文不对题、不知所云，这时我们就要换个角度运用这个词的特殊含义来理解。

平时要注意这些“熟词生义”的练习、巩固、背诵。

Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our community. I looked out the window and witnessed a tree being ________ by the fierce winds.A. crushedB. abusedC. brokenD. removed【解析】abuse的熟义“谩骂，虐待”，但在文中是“摧残，蹂躏”。

历年高考英语完形填空高频词汇总结动词类：1“看”look强调看的动作see强调看的结果;watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察;notice注意catch sight of看见/stare盯着看；凝视stare at……盯着……看glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TVglare瞪着看；怒视glare at……瞪着……看2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb （about sth）强调说话者之间的交流say sth强调说的内容speak+语言说……语言speak English说英语whisper sth to sb 耳语inform sb of sth 通知某人某事talk/persuade sb into doing sth=persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事bargain讨价还价；达成协议claim声称; 索取; 断言mention 提起admit 承认deny 否绝describe描述announce 公布introduce 介绍complain抱怨chat聊天repeat重复explain解释warn警告warn sb.(not) to do sth.警告某人（不要）干某事warn sb.against (doing)sth.警告某人某事remind提醒discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出declare宣布3“叫”cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫sigh叹气quarrel大吵4“问”ask 询问interview 采访express表达question审问5“答”answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复6 “听”listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到7“写”dictate听写write sth 写describe描写drop a line 写信draw画take down/write down写下，记下8“拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑（无方向性）fetch拿来拿去lift举Put放lay 铺/放置pull拉/push推9“抓”take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratch 抠10“打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮attack攻击11“扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手shake摇12“送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer 主动给予see off给某人送行13“摸/抱”touch摸/fold折叠/embrace拥抱/ hug抱/hold 握in one’s arms14“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲15“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip溜come/go enter进入move搬迁drive开车ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进16“坐”sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠stay in bed have a rest17“睡/休息”lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomachtake a nap打盹be asleep bend turn over翻身rest18“笑”smile 微笑（不出声）laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing19“哭”cry shed tears 留泪weep呜咽地哭sob抽泣burst into tears /burst out crying 20“找/查”find找到look for正在找过程find out查明discover/explore 发现/探索hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找Search sb 搜身search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地Check检查，核实examine 考察发现问题/体检test检测，检验inspect 视察21“穿”put on 动作wear穿戴have on试穿be dressed in 穿的状态make-up化装get changed换衣服be in red Take off 脱remove 去除22“吃/喝”eat/drink sip吮吸have a meal have supper toast tastetreat sb to请某人吃help oneself to 随便吃23“得”get obtain acquire获得知识和技能gain possess24“失”lose 丢了be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见gone不见（物）great lossdie die off相继死去die away 逐渐消失25“有”have 有own是自己的conquer征服occupy占有=possess26“无”nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone27“增/减”rise / go up /drop人主动抬价raise /bring dow n /reduce increase/decrease28“买/卖”buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn upDisappear die die out pass away be out of sight30“变化”develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without（negative adj.）turn + colour change /change into reform31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realizeUnderstand remember be familiar with recall recite apply towin 32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream Lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality33“努力”try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 34祝贺congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝get together 聚会35赞美/批评praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blamecriticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of36喜/恶like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off37判断think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt38到达arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth39受伤hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss40损坏damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash41修复repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself42支持/反对agree disagree accept receive refuse turn downbe against elect vote for/ against43 做饭cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush coveruncover cooker44 建议advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服45 花费sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sthIt +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense46 省/存钱save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time47 参加take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against48控告accuse sb. of charge sb. With49 救治help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程/ cure 结果sb. Of sthAid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth50敬佩admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of51逃避ran away escape from flee hide52 阻止/禁止prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. Ban prohibit53 对付/处理handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle54 效仿copy imitate learn from learn54 爆发/发生come about happen to take place break outburst out go off explosion55安装/装备fasten fix set equipbe armed with 用什么武装be equipped with装备有56 追求pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上keep up with跟上57 想/考虑think of 考虑/+as把什么看成think about想起considerthink over仔细考虑be concerned 担心be considerate towards sb.58 打算plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do59 似乎/好象seem appear look like as if as though60 开办/关闭open start set up close/close up end close down名词类“1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off2旅游trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking3职务人员clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess Assistant customer a dult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacherConductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard4餐馆/定餐/就餐inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkinrature take medicine/pills have a5诊所/看病/服药clinic hospital take one’s tempefever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6车站/机场airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7身体部位arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8意志will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy9才能/品质talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable10优缺点advantage disadvantage strength weakness11目标aim goal intention purpose belief faith12方式means method way manner approach13身体素质strong weak pale sick ill be wel l keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight14图表photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图15文章reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志diary日记Files form make a list of16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17 学校活动match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18建议/观点advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation19气候/天气climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth 20交通by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike give sb. a lift/ride21习惯habit custom get used to regular有规律的（形容词）practice惯例（名词）22感觉sight hearing touch smell sense23情感feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow24 财富money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasur e diamond be rich/well-off25 运动比赛on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game matchsports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/26衣服clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth 指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用 a piece of, anarticle of27事件incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故形容词类1人的各种感受乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused悲sad unhappy painful bitter平静calm quiet silent/still peaceful烦bother bored be fed up with震惊surprised astonished shocked /amazed怕in fear be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed满意be satisfied with /be content to do生气Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage2 表程度的副词类narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quiteAccidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by farFarther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus….易考的近义词组Run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ matchHit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performerContain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ doFall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ accountCause/ reason that’s why/ that’s because because/ since,as/ forLast/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divideStand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/rangeProvide/supply/offer/ give/send。