初中语法专题7介词专题

中考英语语法知识——介词的用法一、about的用法关于（某人或物）What is she worried about ?她在担心什么呢？在…… 各处;在……附近He looked about the hall,but saw nobody. 他环顾大厅,可是一个人也没看见。

目的是;为了;涉及……Movies are all about making money these days.当今电影全都是为了赚钱。

二、 above的用法意为“在……以上,高于;超过”(表示职位、数量、年龄等)He is the man above her.他是她的上司。

The stone weighs above one ton.这块石头重一吨多。

She is above fifty years old.她 50 多岁了。

意为“在……上方”(表示位置)The whole sky above us is filled with stars.我们上方的整片天空布满了星星。

三、 against的用法逆,顶着;靠着,倚靠;撞击(表示方向或位置)Birds fly slowly against the wind.鸟逆风飞得慢。

He stood with his back against the wall.他背靠墙站着。

The cold rain beat against the window.冷雨敲窗。

反对(与 for 意义相反) ;违背I don't know whether he is for or against it.我不知道他是赞成还是反对它。

防备,以防They have got prepared against flood.他们已经做好了防洪准备。

衬托Flowers look better against green leaves.好花还需绿叶衬。

与……比赛We'll be competing against some of the best companies in Europe.我们将要和欧洲的一些最好的公司竞争。

初中英语语法专题—介词讲解介词的基本定义介词是一类独立的词性，用于连接名词、代词或者动词、形容词、副词等语境之间的关系。

在句子中，介词通常放在名词或代词之前，用来表达地点、时间、原因、方式等概念。

下面是一些常用的英语介词：- in- on- at- with- for- from介词在地点描述中的用法介词在描述地点时，可以用来表示具体位置、方向、距离等概念。

下面是一些常见的介词在地点描述中的应用：- in：用于表示在某个范围之内的位置，例如 "in the room"（在房间里），"in the park"（在公园里）。

- on：用于表示在表面、平台或者位置上的状态，例如 "on the table"（在桌子上），"on the bus"（在公交车上）。

- at：用于表示在某个具体位置或者地点，例如 "at the cinema"（在电影院），"at school"（在学校）。

- to：用于表示朝向某个位置的移动，例如 "go to the park"（去公园）。

介词在时间描述中的用法介词在描述时间时，可以用来表示具体时间、时间段等概念。

下面是一些常见的介词在时间描述中的应用：- at：用于表示具体的时间点，例如 "at 7 o'clock"（在7点钟）。

- on：用于表示具体的日期或者星期几，例如 "on Monday"（星期一），"on January 1st"（1月1日）。

- in：用于表示较长的时间段或者某一个时间段内，例如 "inthe morning"（早上），"in July"（在七月）。

介词在原因描述中的用法介词在描述原因时，可以用来表示某事的起因或者原因。

专题07-介词备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练（通用版）一、单项选择1．Vincent sometimes sits ________ the river and listens to music.A．on B．by C．over D．under2．Su Yiming got his gold medal of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics ________ the afternoon of February 15th.A．on B．in C．at D．for3．________ the first evening, we were tired after walking ________ about 4 hours. A．On; since B．In; in C．On; for D．In; for4．We will have our next class meeting ________ two weeks’ time.A．for B．in C．from D．at5．The 24th Winter Olympic Games were held ________ Beijing.A．on B．from C．in D．during 6．Because of the double reduction policy (双减政策), we have more time to relax ourselves ________ Saturdays and Sundays.A．on B．at C．in D．for7．The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. Xiaoman(a little full) usually falls _______ May.A．in B．at C．on D．to8．We’re glad to see that Shenzhou-14 rose into the sky ________ June 5, 2022.A．in B．at C．on D．to9．Amy has changed a lot. She stood ________ me just now, but I didn’t recognize(认出)her. A．over B．opposite C．across D．through 10．Mary keeps exercising, even ________ her trip to Hangzhou.A．from B．between C．beside D．during11．If the singer ________ to Hechi ________ September 20th, please call me.A．will get; on B．gets; on C．gets; in D．get; in 12．The opening ceremony of the 2022 Olympic Winter Games was held in Beijing ________ Feb 4, 2022 and it was so fantastic.A．in B．at C．on D．by 13．—Where’s Lily? We’re all here ________ her.—She’s still in the library.A．besides B．about C．except D．with 14．We’ll have the school photo competition ________ the end of June.A．at B．in C．for D．during 15．Look! The fish is swimming fast ________ the river.A．at B．in C．of D．by16．________ spring, the days are often windy and bright. It’s a perfect time to fly a kite. A．on B．In C．At D．With 17．—This problem is far ________ my ability. I’m afraid I can’t work it out.—Don’t worry. We will help you.A．beyond B．beside C．behind D．more 18．Mr. Li will arrive here ________ the morning of July 15.A．at B．on C．in D．to19．— What’s the latest news on TV?— Y uan Longping, the father of Chinese Rice died ________ the morning of May ________ the age of 91.A．in; at B．on; when C．on; at D．in; on 20．—Look! Annie is helping an old lady walk ________ the street.—What a kind girl she is!A．across B．against C．through D．among21．I often do voluntary work in the community ________ Sundays.A．at B．in C．on D．from22．My father usually makes breakfast for my family ________ Saturday and Sunday mornings.A．in B．on C．at D．by23．The Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 opened ________ the day of the Beginning of Spring.A．on B．at C．in D．for24．I’ll be at home ________ Sunday morning. You can come then.A．on B．in C．to D．at25．________ 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space.A．In B．On C．At D．Of 26．Father’s Day comes ________ June every year.A．in B．on C．at D．to27．I saw a lot of camels walking ________ her just now.A．over B．past C．through D．across 28．China’s Tianzhou-4 cargo spacecraft was successfully launched into space ________ May 10th, 2022.A．in B．on C．at D．during 29．—How can I improve my English more quickly?—________ reading and listening more.A．At B．By C．From D．On 30．—Larry, would you like to go swimming with me today?—I’m sorry I can’t. I’m free every day ________ today.A．except B．for C．by D．without二、根据首字母或句意填空31．All the students went to the zoo e_________ Maria. She had a fever and stayed at home. 32．We can’t live ________ (with) water or air.33．Gertrude Ederle managed to swim ________ (cross) the English Channel in 1926. 34．Lily went a________ the street to buy a newspaper.35．All of us took part in the training, __________ our manager. (include)36．She spends much time ________ her homework every day.37．There is no need to worry because the situation is u________ control now.38．We’ve got a five-day holiday ____ (include) Sunday.39．They looked f________the survivors (幸存者) of the plane MU5735. But unfortunately, they found nobody.40．I found a lost child when I walked ________ (pass) the bank yesterday.41．It’s freezing here. I guess it is b_________ zero.42．—Would you like to watch a movie with me?—I’d like to. Every day is OK e________ Friday because I will visit my grandpa. 43．She’s won many world competitions, ________ (包括) four gold medals in the Olympics.44．Bad news! There is a big war ________ (在……之间) Russia and Ukraine. 45．Look! The man who is standing ________ (在对面) the bookshop is Mr. Smith. 46．__________ thinking twice, I took off my coat to warm the little dog.（没有）47．________（在……期间）Internet period personal information is worth protecting. 48．As is known to all, fish can’t live ________ (没有) water.49．The hotel is ________ (在……的后面) the police station.50．Walk ________ (cross) Yuexiu Bridge, and you’ will find Chuxiu Park on your right.。

第七章介词思维导图知识梳理一、介词的定义介词又叫前置词,一般放在名词的前面.介词是一种虚词,一般不重读,不能在句子中独立充当一个成分,它只是表示它后面的名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句与其他句子成分的关系.二、介词的分类按照词的构成,英语的介词可分为简单介词、合成介词、双重介词、短语介词等.(一)简单介词即由一个词构成的介词.如about, above, across, after, against, among, at, before, behind, below, beside, besides, between, beyond, by, down, during, except, for, from, in, of, off, on, over, past, round, till, to, with等.(二)合成介词即由两个简单介词组合而成的介词.如inside, into, onto, out of, outside, upon, throughout, within, without 等.(三)双重介词双重介词指两个介词连着使用,使表达的意思更确切、更明了.如:up to, from behind, from inside, from among, at about等.(四)短语介词由一个或两个简单介词和一个或几个其他词类组合成一个短语,作用相当于一个介词,这类短语介词的末尾总是一个简单介词.如:as far as, as early as等.三、介词的用法介词不能单独作为句子成分.它必须用在名词或代词之前组成介词短语,修饰动词、名词或代词,表示时间、地点、空间和其他关系.介词后面的名词、代词或其他成分作介词的宾语.介词与它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语才能在句子中充当某一成分.介词短语在句中主要用作:(一)作主语From Hangzhou to Shanghai is three hours by train.从杭州到上海坐火车要三小时.(二)作宾语的介词A pretty girl appeared from behind the curtain.一个漂亮女孩从帘子后面出现了.(三)作表语I'm in need of your help.我需要你的帮助.(四)作定语I have lost the key to the door of my room.我把房间的钥匙丢了.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难的朋友才是真朋友.(五)作宾语补足语I found him in a hurry.我发现他匆匆忙忙的.(六)作状语Lessons begin at eight.八点开始上课.On the top of the hill we can see how beautiful Beijing is.在山顶上,我们看到了好美的北京城.四、常见介词归类(一)表示时间的介词及介词短语in, at, on, before, after, till, since, for, from...to, until, by, in the middle of, at the beginning of, at the end of, at half past five, at night, in a week, in the morning, in class, at sunrise, in spring/summer/autumn/winter, on Sunday, on Saturday afternoon, on a winter evening, for a long time, for two months, after school, since liberation, before lunch, at the time of, at the age of(二)表示地点的介词及介词短语in. at, into, to, on, beside, before, behind, above, under, outside, inside, up, from, far from, near, across, off, down, among, past, between, out of, around, in the front of, in the middle of, at the back of, at the foot of, at home, at the gate, at the table, in the sky. on the ground, in a tree, in the south, in the sun, in the bed, on one's way home, by the side of(三)其他各类介词表除去,如besides, but, except等.表比较,如as, like, above, over等.表反对,如against, with等.表原因、目的,如for, from, with等.表结果,如to, with, without等.表手段、方式,如by, in, with等.表所属,如of, with等.表条件,如on, considering, without等.表让步,如despite ,in spite of等.表对于,如at, for, over, to, with等.表关于,如about, concerning, regarding, with regard to, as for, as to等.表根据,如on, according to等.表其他,如for(赞成),without(没有)等.(四)介词短语有无冠词的意义区别at table在进餐,在桌旁吃饭at the table 在桌旁,在桌子边(＝beside the table) at desk 在读书或做作业at the desk 在课桌旁(边)at school 在校上学／求学at the school 在学校in front of the bus 在公共汽车的前面(不在车上) in the front of the bus 在公共汽车的前部(在车上) at sea 在航海中at the sea 在海边by day 白天by the day按日,论日behind time 误期behind the time 落后于时代in class在上课,在课内in the class在这个班in bed卧床,在睡觉in the bed 在床上in red穿着红色的衣裳in the red 负债,亏损in hospital 住院(指病人) in the hospital(因事)在医院in office 在办公,执政in the office 在办公室里in secret 秘密,私下in the secret 参与秘密,参与阴谋in place of 代替,而不是in the place of在······地方in case of 万一,如果in the case of 就······来说,至于of age 成年人of an age 同龄人out of office 离岗our of the office 离开办公室out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 完全不可能,办不到come out of hospital(病好)出院come out of the hospital(因事)从医院出来come out of prison(刑满)释放come out of the prison(因事)从牢房出来go to school 上学go to the school(因事)去学校go to college 上大学(求学) go to the/a college 去一所学院(办事、上班) go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed 去床边go to hospital 去住院go to the hospital(因事)去医院Go to sea 当海员go to the sea 去海滨go to court 起诉go to the court(因事)去法庭go to church 去做礼拜go to the church(因事)去教堂keep house 管理家务keep the house 守在家里take place发生take the place 代替有些介词短语有无冠词,意义区别不大at(the)most至多at(the)first起初、首先all (the)day 整天catch(a)cold 感冒in(the) future 将来in(the)memory of 纪念······go to(the)office上班,去办公室go to (the)market 赶集,去市场on(a)holiday 在假期(the)day before yesterday 前天(the)most of 大多数with(a)smiling face 面带笑容五、常用介词的用法举例(一)at, in, on 表示时间的用法辨析1.at的用法at表示具体的时间点,时刻,常用于表示钟点及某些词组中.at dawn 在黎明时候at the moment此刻;目前at noon在中午at night 在夜间at midnight在午夜at six o'clock 在6点钟2.in的用法(1)用于表示世纪、年、月、季节、在上午／下午／晚上／白天等.in 1996 在1996 in March在三月in spring 在春季in the morning在早晨批注:但在某年某月某日的上午／下午／晚上则用on.如:on the morning of June lst(2)在阳光下、在灯下、在树荫下、穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in.Don't read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书.in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下the woman in white 穿着白色衣服的妇女(3)in+一段时间,意为“在······时间以后”,用于一般将来时.例:They will come back in 10 days.他们将10天以后回来.批注:after+时间段,用于一般过去时.如:He came back after two days.他两天后回来的.3.on的用法(1)用于星期、日期(包括该天的各部分).on Sunday 在星期天on Saturday morning 在星期六早晨(2)指具体的某天.on a cold afternoon在一个寒冷的下午on the first day 在第一天on the night of October lst在10月1日晚上批注:在today, tomorrow, yesterday等之前不用介词.this, that, last, next与时间名词连用作状语时,不用介词.(3)用于公共假日前.on Teachers' Day在教师节on Children's Day在儿童节注意:at, on都可用来表示节假日,但at侧重指“休假的时节”,而不是指具体的哪一天;on侧重指具体的时日,与它连用的短语中多含“Day”.at New Year 在新年期间on New Year's Day在元旦那天(二)for, since, from表示时间的区别1.“for+一段时间”意为“已经多长时间了”,强调某动作或状态持续了多长时间,可与过去、现在、将来等多种时态连用,谓语动词只能用延续性动词I have had this book for a long time.我持有这本书很长时间了.2.since意为“自从,自······以后”,指从某一时间一直延续至今,后接过去时间点,通常与现在完成时连用The factory has been there since 1989.那家工厂自1989年就在那里了.批注:since还可以用作连词,用来引导一般过去时的时间状语从句.如:Great changes have taken place since he left.自从他离开以后,这里发生了巨大的变化.3.from表示开始的时间,意为“从······”,from...to...“从······到······”,谓语可用过去、现在或将来时态Students go to school from Monday to Friday.学生们周一至周五上学.(三)by, until/till, after, before表示时间的区别1.介词before表示“在······之前”,后面一般接时间点He won't come back before five.他不会在五点前回来.2.介词by表示“到······时为止,不迟于······”常用于将来时和完成时中The work will be finished by Friday.工作将于星期五前完成.How many English words had you learned by last term?你上学期学了多少英语单词?批注:如果by后跟的是过去的时间点,则与过去完成时连用.3.after意为“在······后”.后跟时间段时表示以过去为起点的某一段时间之后,常用于过去时;后跟时间点时,表示将来的某个时间之后Mary got back from the library after two hours.玛丽两个小时以后从图书馆回来了.She will arrive in China after 9:00.她将在9点以后到达中国.4.till/until表示“到······为止,直到······之时,直至”,在肯定句中要用延续性动词You'd better stay in bed till tomorrow.你最好在床上待到明天.He will wait for you until/till you come back.他将一直等到你回来.在否定句中,not...until...意为“直到······才······”,谓语动词用短暂性动词.I didn't go to bed until eleven last night.昨天晚上直到11点钟我才睡觉.批注:否定句中until可换成before.(四)in, at, on表示地点和方位的区别1.in表示地点,意为“在······内”,用于内部He put his hands in his pockets.他把手放进口袋.2.on意为“在······上面”,用于表面接触,指在一个平面上There was a carpet on the floor.地板上铺着一块地毯.3.at表示“在某地”时,at后接小地方,in后接大地方When did you arrive at the station?你什么时候到车站?He was born in Beijing.他出生在北京.批注:at还有“在······旁边”之意.如:at the table在桌子旁边(五)in, on, to表示地点和方位的区别的用法辨析介词用法例句in 表示“在某范围内”,两者为包含关系. China is in the east of Asia.中国在亚洲东部.on 表示“毗邻,接壤”,两者为并列关系. Guangdong is on the east of Guangxi.广东在广西东边.to 表示“在某范围外”,两者为并列关系.Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国东边(隔海相望).六)above, over, under, below 的用法辨析 介词 用法例句under在······正下方,与over 相对My new bike is under the tree. 我的新自行车在树下.over 在······正上方,表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥.below 在······的下面;低于,与above 相对Please don't write below this line.请不要在这条线下写.above “高于······”,与物体表面不接触,表示相对高度,不一定是在正上方There is a clock above his bed. 他的床上有个钟表.表示“温度在······度以下”用below. (七)across, through, past1.across 穿过,横过,即“从一头到另一头,从一边到另一边”,强调从表面穿过 She went across the street to go shopping.她穿过马路去购物.2.through“穿过,纵穿”,表示从某一物体空间内通过The sunlight was coming in through the window.阳光透过窗户照了进来. 3.past“经过”,表示从某人／某物的旁边经过I walked past the Bank of China yesterday.昨天我路过中国银行. 批注:(八)among, betweenamong 表示“在三者或三者以上之间”;between 表示“在两者之间”,常用词组: between...and... Our teacher is sitting among the classmates.我们的老师正坐在同学们中间. I will be back between five and six.我将在5点到6点之间回来.(九)in front of, in the front of 的用法辨析in front of 表示“在······之前(范围外)”;in the front of 表示“在······的前部(范围内)” There's a young lady in front of the bus.公共汽车的前面站着一位年轻女士.(在车外) There's a young lady in the front of the bus.公共汽车的前部站着一位年轻女士.(在车内)批注:in front of的反义词是behind.(十)by, in, on表交通方式用by时,交通工具前不用任何限定词;用on或in时,交通工具前要用限定词.Tom goes to school by bike.汤姆骑自行车去上学.Mr. Green goes to work by car.格林先生开车去上班.批注:by bike=on a bike by car=in a car(十一)by, in, with表示手段或工具1.with表示“用······”一般指有形的工具／手段／人体器官I often draw pictures with a pencil.我经常用铅笔作画.2.in表示使用某种语言或使用某种材料,语言、材料前不加冠词Can you say it in English?你能用英语说吗?3.by表示用某种方式或手段,在名词前不加冠词,若后接动词,需将动词变为动名词形式This handbag is made by hand.这个包是手工做的.He studies English by listening and reading.他通过听和读来学英语.好题精练一、用适当的介词填空1.All the students went home________ school.2.We mustn't only think________ ourselves.3.He thinks much________ himself but little________ others. How can you have him________ your monitor?4. ________ the end of the road you'll find the bookstore.5.My sister was born________ July 25,1975.6.There was no hospital in this town________ that time.7.English is widely used________ travellers and business people all over the world.8.The little boy is afraid________ nothing.9.Don't read________ the sun. It's bad________ your eyes.10.Swimming is the best sport________ summer.11.My grandmother began to live a happy life________ 1949.12.Mary looks________ her mother.13.My mother isn't________ home. So I have to look________ my little sister.14.It's a fine day________ a walk.15.When you get________ Shanghai, please write________ me.16. ________ 7:00________ the morning we met at the school gate.17. ________ the foot of the hill, we had a party and played games.18.I often go shopping________ my mother________ Sunday.19.That's very kind________ you to help me with my English.20.Listen!Who is knocking________ the door?21.He prefers singing________ dancing.22.He left________ paying his bill.23.1'm sorry________ being late on Monday.24.Are you ready________ your breakfast?25.I am interested________ your idea.26.I was afraid________ making him angry.27.They were tired________ waiting.28.I haven't heard________ my sister________ a long time.29.Please tell us________ your life in China.30.They go to school every day________ Saturday and Sunday.答案：1.after2.of3.of,of,as4.At5.on6.at7.by8.of9.in,for 10.in11.after 12.like 13.at,after 14.for 15.to,to16.At,in 17.At 18.with,on 19.of 20.at21.to 22.without 23.for 24.for 25.in26.of 27.of 28.from,for 29.about 30.except二、补全对话1.A dog is________________ (在树下)2.Don't read________________ (在阳光下)3.Are there any cows________________(在房屋后面)?4.Are there any cows________________ (在房屋前面)?5.He waited for you at home________________(直到12点为止)．6.One day two young men were going________________(穿过森林).7.They went on working________________(直到11点钟)．8.There are many trees________________(沿街).9.I'll be back________________(4点钟之后)．10. ________________(在暑假期间),he had a good time.答案：1.under the tree2.in the sun3.behind the house4.in front of the house5.till/until twelve o'clock6.through the forest7.till/until eleven o'clock8.along the street9.after four o'clock10.During the summer holidays三、选择填空1.The children like to swim________ summer.A. onB. inC. atD. to2.There was a big smile________ her face.A. onB. overC. inD. under3.Taiwan is________ the southeast of China.A. inB. toC. onD. at4.I remember Susan left________ a very cold morning of January.A .in B. on C. at D. from5.We usually have sports________ school.A .behindB after C. on D. over6.What do you usually have________ breakfast?A. ofB. forC. byD. at7.Wei Fang always goes to bed________ half past ten in the evening.A. atB. inC. onD. to8.I usually have breakfast________ 7:00 every morning.A. inB. atC. onD. to9.The mother with her little son was at my home________ that snowy night.A. inB. atC. onD. for10John lives________ the fifteenth floor.A. inB. atC. onD. of11. ________ the age of twelve, Edison began selling newspapers on a train.A. OnB. AtC. InD. To12.It is not good to laugh________ people when they are________ trouble.A. at; inB. over; inC. with; onD. of; in13.They looked at each other________ surprise.A. withB. inC. onD. to15.What row are you________?A. atB. onC. inD. to16.He put his hand________ her mouth to stop her screaming.A. onB. inC. aboveD. over17.Autumn comes________ summer.A. beforeB. afterC. in front ofD. behindst Friday Li Ping borrowed some books________ the school library.A. fromB. forC. ofD. to19.We have not heard from him________ February.A. forB. inC. onD. since20.What stopped you________ coming?A. forB. ofC. fromD. to21.We'll take part________ the English party this evening.A. inB. ofC. onD. to22.The little boy was waiting________ his parents at the gate.A. ofB. for C .to D. at23.There are lot of flowers and grass________ the building.A. in frontB. at backC. in front ofD. in the front24.I am________ duty this week.A. inB. atC. onD. for25.It's going to rain. You'd better take the raincoat________ you.A. at B .to C. by D. with答案：1-5BAABB 6-10BABCC 11-15BABCC16-20DBADC 21-25 ABCCD。

一、选择题1．One ______ easily lose his way when he visits or comes to a new place.A．may B．must C．need D．should A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：当一个人参观或来到一个新地方时可能很容易迷路。

考查情态动词的用法A. may可能；B. must必须；C. need需要；D. should应该。

根据句意及语境此题是可能迷路，表示可能性。

故选A。

2．You run with the train when it is coming. It’s dangerous.A．may not B．mustn’t C．needn’t B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：火车来的时候你不能跟它一起跑，这很危险。

考查情态动词。

may not可能不；mustn’t不能，表禁止；needn’t不需要。

根据“It’s dangerous”及语境可知，此处是表达“你不能跟着火车跑”，在这儿应是不允许，强烈的禁止的意思，故用mustn’t。

故选B。

3．—Must I finish the work today, Mum?—No, you ________.You can finish it tomorrow.A．mustn't B．can't C．shouldn't D．needn't D解析：D【解析】【详解】句意：-我必须今天做完这个工作吗，妈妈？-不，你不必。

你可以明天完成。

mustn’t禁止，不要；can’t不能，不会；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必，没有必要。

Must 的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答应用needn’t。

故选D。

4．Since you are very tired, you ______ finish the work today.A．needn’t B．may not C．mustn’t D．can’t A解析：A【解析】【详解】句意：既然你很累，今天就不必完成这项工作了。

介词介词是一种用来表示词语词之间、词与句之间的关系的词，在句中不能单独做句子成分。

介词分为简单介词和短语介词两种。

简单介词即单个介词，如in，under，on，for，after等；短语介词指多个单词构成的介词，如in front of，instead of，far from等。

介词短语与短语介词不同。

介词短语指由“介词＋名词/代词等”构成的短语，如at school，by bus，on Sunday等，在句中可以作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等。

有些单词，既可以作介词，也可以作连词(作连词时，其后接句子)，如after，before等；而有些单词，既可以作介词，也可以作副词，如above，below等。

介词是中考试卷中的“常客”，从时间上看，年年都要考；从地点上看，每个地区都要考。

考查介词的主要题目有：单项填空、完形填空、短文填空及句子翻译等。

一、对时间介词的考查1. I was born ______ December 17. This year I’ll hold a birthday party for it athome.A. onB. atC. inD. by2. —Do you know Victory Day in China?—Yes, it’s ______ September 3rd ______ each year. It tells the world that Chinese peoplelove peace and hate wars. Chinese people will never forget the history.A. in; onB. on; /C. at; /D. on; in3. For many Western people, they drink cold water even ______ winter.A. onB. forC. atD. in4. —The charity walk begins ______ 9:00. Don’t be late. —No problem.A. atB. byC. inD. on5. The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come ______ four days.A. afterB. forC. duringD. in6. (短文填空)After walking around ________ some time, she came to a river.7. (首字母填空) He has been away from home s________ two days ago.8. (句子填空) The Highland Museum is opened every day ______ Monday.二、对地点、方位介词的考查at, in, on表示地点的用法：①at表地点时，指空间位置上的某一点，后面常接小地方。

一. 表示时间的介词表示时间的常用介词有：at，in, after, until, before, during1. at 多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前，如：at seven; at a quarter to one;也可用于固定搭配中，如at noon, at night.2. in表示一段时间，用于年，月，世纪，四季或泛指的一天的上午、下午或晚上等。

如：in the twenty-first century在21世纪in autumn 在秋天in the morning 在早上还可用于表示“从现在起，多长时间以后或多久之后”的短语。

They will finish the work in an hour.一小时后他们将完成这项工作。

3. on 主要用在星期几，具体某一天或某一天的早、中、晚或节日前on June 1st 在六月一日on a warm spring afternoon 在一个温暖的春天的下午on Mid-autumn Day 在中秋节4. since, from, for(1) since指从某时一直延续到现在，后接时间点，主句用完成时。

He has studied English since 2001.自从2001年他就学英语了。

（2）from说明开始的时间，谓语动词可用过去、现在、将来等时态From now on, I will learn English in the mornings.从今以后我将在早晨学习英语（3）for指动作贯穿整个过程，后接时间段，主句用完成时。

I have studied English for six years.我学英语已经有六年了5. after（1）表示以过去为起点的某一段时间之后，用于过去时。

They finished the work after two years.他们两年后完成了这项工作。

（2）与时间点连用，表示将来某个时间之后I’ll ring you up after two o’clock.我会在2点后打电话给你6.“by+时间点”表示“到。

专题训练07 介词和介词短语单项选择题（25*1=25）st year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃______the average.A.belowB.onC.atD.above2.The little pupil took his grandma ______the arm and walked her across the street.A.onB.byC.inD.at3.Starting your own business could be away to achieving financial independence.______ , it could just put you in debt.A.In other wordsB.All in allC.As a resultD.On the other hand4.______the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.A.In reply toB.In addition toC.In charge ofD.In place of5.Facing up to your problems______ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.A.more thanB.rather thanC.along withD.or rather6.The Scottish girl ______blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.A.byB.ofC.inD.with7.What we expect from you is working hard ______hardly working.A.less thanB.rather thanC.as well asD.as much as8.Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always______ whenever she tries to.A.in the wayB.on watchC.in sightD.on the line9.Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look ______a book about it in yourlocal library.A.onB.atC.forD.to10.An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered______ a long lost antique Greek vase.A.at randomB.by chanceC.in turnD.on occasion11.The doctor advised the patient to give up smoking ______his own health.A.in terms ofB.as a result ofC.in regard toD.for the sake of12.______the wet weather, they managed to arrive at the worksite before daybreak.A.In spite ofB.In case ofC.Instead ofD.In place of13.That's all for today.______where we'll get the funds,we'll talk about that later.A.In common withB.On behalf ofC.In place ofD.As to14.I went along thinking nothing ______, just looking at things around me.A.in briefB.in doubtC.in particularD.in harmony15.After the disaster, the villagers decided to build a monument ______the rescue workers who lost their lives.A.in search ofB.in place ofC.in need ofD.in memory of16.—When did you become an actor?—______1995, when I graduated from college.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since17.Scientists have shown that there is a connection______ cigarette smoking and certain diseases.A.withB.betweenC.toD.for18.According to the report, the number of domestic tourists visiting Shanghai has risen______5%, hitting 90 million.A.withB.byC.forD.from19.It was on a night in November that I looked with pride ______the result of my work.A.asB.forC.atD.upon20.The house has been decorated ______my taste, but I have to admit that many don't like it at all.A.withB.inC.onD.to21.Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ______half an hour.A.byB.inC.forD.until22.September 30 is the day ______which you must pay your bill.A.byB.forC.withD.in23.It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life______ his great wealth.A.withoutB.despiteC.inD.to24.Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A.in demandB.in storeC.on loanD.on sale25.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay______.A.in placeB.in orderC.in shapeD.in fashion。