英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀

词尾变化规则总表：名复单三现形过词尾情况名(词)复（数) 单三现(分) 形(副等级) 过(式，分) 一般+s +s +ing +er, est +eds,x,sh,ch +es +es 同上同上同上e +s +s 哑e 去,+ing +r, st +d单元音+1个辅音ⅹⅹ双写词尾+ing 双写词尾+er, est 双写词尾+ed 辅+y y—i,+es y---i,+es ⅹy---i,+er(est) y---i,+edmore, most +…..名复单三不双写现分没有y变i 形过变化样样有词尾变化规则总表：名复单三现形过词尾情况名(词)复（数) 单三现(分) 形(副等级) 过(式，分)1、一般+scat month ticket KoreanAmerican Australian IndianRussian Canadian ItalianGerman JewEuropean human boymonkey day way keyphoto piano radio zookilo mango(少用)+sopenlistencleanplaystaysay+inggo study seeopen fix openlisten cleansneeze (打喷嚏)see+er, esthard quick cold clever new narrow sourround smart loud mean stupid wild dullquiet black warm sick bright cool nearweak bald young straight tall short longcalm deep cheap strong high slow darkgreat blind dumb deaf full poor real fewgray polite(少用) often(2)+edplay help open stay fix cleanlisten finish borrow join returnpour perform rain work checkwait pick laugh mix end fear callhappen fail fold answer returnlook talk plant annoy knockreview hang(绞死)2、 e e +s e +shopecome哑e 去,+inglive come writetake havee +r, stfine free close nice able white blondesore true large safe handsome lame truesure cute(2种)e +dskate love like dance changepractice close die live receiveretire advice argue hate smileexchange smoke agree lie (说谎)sneeze打喷嚏3、单元音+ 1个辅音名复单三不双写双写词尾+ingsit begin shoprun forget planhit put set clapstar主演hiccup打嗝双写词尾+er, estred big hot thin fat sad slim flat mad双写词尾+edstop plan fit drop shop chat（聊天）trip（绊倒）kid （欺骗）star 主演hiccup打嗝4、辅+y,y—i y—i,+escity factory country babyfamily library dictionaryy---i,+escarrystudy现分没有y变i y---i,+er(est)easy happy healthy early busy ugly curlyfunny scary pretty angry cloudy sunnyrainy windy lovely friendly unfriendlyunhappy unlucky furry tiny guilty greedyheavy moody lively thirsty lazy hungrysorry empty crazy silly pushy luckyshy(2种)y---i,+edstudy cry marry carry worry5、s,x,sh,ch,o+esglass box watch dishwish busnegro hero potatotomato mango+escatchwatchfixbrushgo do名词变复数不规则变化f,fe---v+es thief—thieves （小偷）self—selves（自己）leaf—leaves(叶子) life---lives （命）half---halves；（一半）wife---wives （妻子）shelf—shelves（架）knife---knives（刀）wolf—wolves（狼）roof—roofs（屋顶）chef—chefs(厨师) scarf—scarfs,scarves( 围巾) 词形不变Chinese Japanese sheep deer Swiss 中日羊鹿瑞士人变成e man---men Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen foot---feet tooth---teeth只有复数clothes pants trousers shorts scissors (剪刀)compasses (圆规) glasses(眼镜)形复实单news maths politics physics形单实复cattle people police 谓语用复数特殊变化child---children mouse--mice合成名词只变一词boy student---boy students night school---night schools pencil sharpener-- sharpeners 两词都变woman doctor---women doctors man singer---men singers动词的现在分词形式不规则变化词尾情况规则例词ie ie----y,+ing die tie lie 形容词、副词的比较级、最高级形式不规则变化不规则变化多数多音节词more,most+原级useful famous quickly beautiful creative serious outgoing amazing awful exciting excited interested famous intelligentexpensive inexpensive tired honest wonderful interesting fantastic sadly beautifully delicious slowly open difficult carefullybeautifully deeply careless active athletic original foolish wrong right casual casually nervous unusual usual modest naturalpleased realistic popular loving inexpensive comfortable convenient crowded truly exhausted embarrassed convincing carelesscareful carefully enormous completely particularly quickly quietly aggressive specifically disappointed disgusted successfulsuitable educational gradually unpleasant pleasant polite(2种) common(2种)原级比较级最高级词义good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther farthest 距离further furthest 程度late later latest 时间latter last 顺序old older oldest 年龄关系elder eldest 兄弟姐妹关系GO FOR IT PT PPmeaning root form pt pp meaning root form pt pp让允许let let let 喂feed fed fed阅读read read read 遇见meet met met放置put put put 感觉feel felt felt花费cost cost cost 嗅，发出smell smelt smelt打hit hit hit 拼写spell spelt spelt砍切割cut cut cut 损坏，宠坏spoil spoilt spoilt伤害弄伤hurt hurt hurt 发现，找到 find found found撒抛投cast cast cast 举着，握着hold held held关闭 shut shut shut 听见hear heard heard沉入安置set set set 有，吃have/has had had传播展开spread spread spread 丢失，失去lose lost lost使阴暗overcast overcast overcast 离开，留下leave left left广播broadcast broadcast broadcast 制造，使得make made made预测forecast forecast forecast 射击射伤shoot shot shot爆炸burst burst burst 照耀发光shine shone shone捕捉赶上catch caught caught 坐sit sat sat教书教学teach taught taught 临时照顾babysit babysat babysat 想认为think thought thought 吐，吐唾液spit spat spat买buy bought bought 打赢，获胜win won won搜寻追求seek sought sought 出血bleed bled bled打架打仗fight fought fought 逃跑flee fled fled带来bring brought brought 改建rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 扫sweep swept swept 睡过头oversleep overslept overslept 哭泣流泪weep wept wept 挖dig dug dug保持keep kept kept 撒谎lie lied lied睡觉sleep slept slept 放置下蛋lay laid laid梦到，做梦dream dreamt dreamt 躺lie lay lain学习，学会learn learnt learnt 敲打，振翅beat beat beaten 燃烧burn burnt burnt 编织weave wove woven 建设build built built 上升，升起rise rose risen弯曲,弯腰bend bent bent 发生，呈现arise arose arisen花费,度过spend spent spent 驱使驱赶drive drove driven 发送,派遣send sent sent 拿走，带走take took taken付钱pay paid paid 误认为mistake mistook mistaken 说say said said 摇动挥动shake shook shaken 站立stand stood stood 刮风，吹blow blew blown明白understand understood understood 生长，种植grow grew grown 误解misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 知道，了解know knew known 卖sell sold sold 画，拖，拉draw drew drawn给give gave given 投掷抛throw threw thrown 原谅forgive forgave forgiven 飞行fly flew flown告诉tell told told 展示show showed shown 处置，对付deal dealt dealt 看见，看望see saw seen7下不规则动词的过去式汉语1 A-A 必让放读花打砍伤2 –ew 画长知扔示飞3-ought 想来买4-aught 教抓5 –o- 断忘说动词原形1 A--Amustletputreadcosthitcuthurt2 –ewdrawgrowknowthrowshowfly3 –oughtthinkbringbuy4 –-aughtteachcatch5 -o--breakforgetspeak过去式1 A—Amustletputread[♏]costhitcuthurt2 –ew[◆:]drewgrewknewthrewshowedflew3 –ought[ :]thoughtbroughtbought4-aught[[ :]taughtcaught5 –o—[☯☺]brokeforgotspoke写拿卖诉弄骑开站懂6 –e—留见意睡离握扫感落喂7 –-a--始喝跑唱游给坐writetakeselltellgetridedrivestandunderstand6–e—keepmeetmeansleepleaveholdsweepfeelfallfeed7 –-a--begindrinkrunsingswimgivesitwrotetooksoldtoldgotrodedrovestoodunderstood6 –e—[♏]keptmetmeantsleptleftheldsweptfeltfellfed7 –-a--[✌]begandrankransangswamgave[♏✋]sat8 be动词是是是9 助动词可能将将做做10----t花建丢11其他来去生有有看听说吃找花躺8 be动词amisare9 助动词maycanwillshalldodoes10----tspendbuildlose11其他comegobearhavehasseehearsayeatfindpaylie8 be动词waswaswere9 助动词mightcouldwouldshoulddiddid10----tspentbuiltlost[ ]11其他camewentbore [ :]hadhadsawheardsaidatefound[ ☺]paidlay GO FOR IT PT PP （八下常用）meaning root form pt pp meaning root form pt pp让允许let let let 到达get got got阅读read read read 绞死hang hanged hanged 放置put put put 悬挂hang hung hung 花费cost cost cost 照亮light lit lit打hit hit hit 撒谎lie lied lied砍切割cut cut cut 躺lie lay lain伤害弄伤hurt hurt hurt 下蛋lay laid laid沉入安置set set set 敲打beat beat beaten 关闭 shut shut shut 来come came come 抓catch caught caught 成为become became become 教teach taught taught 跑run ran run认为think thought thought 给give gave given 买buy bought bought 驾驶drive drove driven 打架fight fought fought 拿走take took taken规则与不规则的动词过去式、过去分词（八下常用）leave lie(说谎) like make lie mistake sit lay shake become beat berun come let give swim read hurt put love set blow cost shut drive hit grow take cut know catch fall think teach eat buy die get。

名词复数变化及动词单数变化规则名词复数的规则变化一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps2.浊辅音和元音后 bag-bags读 /z/; car-cars___________________________________________________以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buseswatch-watches___________________________________________________ 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses___________________________________________________ 以辅音字母+y 变y 为i结尾的词再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies___________________________________________________名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teethmouse---mice man---men woman---women注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

2）单复同形如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japaneseli，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀英语动词第三人称单数变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀一、动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则:1)一般由动词原形加-sget-gets play-plays2)以e结尾的动词，加-slike-likes make-makes3)以o结尾的动词加-esgo-goes do-does4)以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词，后面加-eskiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes 5)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i, 再加-esfly-flies study-studies6) have –has1、一般现在时①主语+动词原型VI have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend.They have a friend.②主语(第三人称单数)+动词V(三单)She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.2.不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表（一）、AAA. (原形，过去式和过去分词一致)1. 花费 cost cost cost2. 割 cut cut cut3. 伤害 hurt hurt hurt4. 让 let let let5. 放 put put put6. 朗读 read read read7. 设置 set set set 8.打击，碰撞 hit hit hit9.关上门窗 shut shut shut 10.让 let let let（二）、ABB(过去式和过去分词一致)1) 过去式、过去分词含有-ought1. 带来 bring brought brought2. 买 buy bought bought3. 打架 fight fought fought4. 想 think thought thought5. 寻找、探究 seek sought sought2) 过去式、过去分词含有-aught5. 抓住 catch caught caught6. 教 teach taught taughtt替换原形-d3) 过去式、过去分词-7. 建筑 build built built 8. 借出 lend lent lent9. 花费 spend spent spent 10.派遣 send sent sent 4) 过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t或d11. 学会 learn learnt/ed learnt/ed 12. 意思 mean meant meant13. 燃烧 burn burnt/ed burnted 13. 做梦 dream dreamt/ed dreamt/ed 13. 处理 deal dealt dealt14. 听 hear heard heard5) 过去式、过去分词改为-ept15. 保持 keep kept kept 16. 睡觉 sleep slept slept17. 扫 sweep swept swept6) 过去式、过去分词改为-elt18. 感觉 feel felt fel 19. 嗅 smell smelt/ed smelt/ed 20. 拼写 spell spelt/ed spelt/ed 7) 过去式、过去分词改为-aid20. 孵蛋 lay laid laid 21. 说 say said said 22. 支付 pay paid paid8) 过去式、过去分词改为-old23. 卖 sell sold sold24. 告诉 tell told told9) 过去式、过去分词改为-ood25 站 stand stood stood26.明白 understand understood understood10) 其它变化27.得到 get got got(gotten) 28.坐 sit sat sat29.照顾 babysit babysat babysat 30.离开 leave left left31.失去 lose lost lost 32.找到 find found found33.有 have(has) had had 34.握住，召开 hold held held35.制造 make made made 36.悬挂 hang hung hung37.照耀 shine shone shone 39.赢 win won won40逃跑 flee fled fled 41喂feed fed fed42.引导，导致 lead led led 43遇见 meet met met三、ABA (过去式与原形一致)1.变成 become became become2. 来 come came come3. 跑 run ran run 四、ABC (原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样)1). 过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n或-en1. 击败 beat beat beaten2. 破坏 break broke broken3. 驾驶 drive drove driven4. 吃 eat ate eaten5. 落下 fall fell fallen6. 给 give gave given7. 生长 grow grew grown8. 知道 know knew known9. blow blew blown10. 扔 throw threw thrown11. 展示 show showed shown12.弄错，错误 mistake mistook mistaken 13. 拿 take took taken14.摇动 shake shook shaken 15. 说 speak spoke spoken16. 选择 choose chose chosen2) 三种形式都有变化1. 是 be( is, am, are ) was/were been2. 开始 begin began begun3. 做 do did done4. 喝 drink drank drunk5. 飞fly flew flown6. 忘记 forget forgot forgotten(forgot)7. 躺 lie lay lain8. 骑 ride rode ridden 9. 打电话 ring rang rung10. 唱 sing sang sung 11. 穿 wear wore worn 12. 游泳 swim swam swum 13. 写 write wrote written 14. 去 go went gone语法（Grammar）一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成:助动词 have (has)+动词的过去分词过去分词的构成方法如下 : A:1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加–ed. worked answered obeyed wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加–d. moved hoped divided3.字尾是辅音+y的动词。

英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀06040动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则：1）一般由动词原形加-sget-gets play-plays2）以e结尾的动词，加-slike-likes make-makes3)以o结尾的动词加-esgo-goes do-does以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词，后面加-eskiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i, 再加-esfly-flies study-studies5) have –has一般现在时主语+动词原型VI have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend. They have a friend. 主语（第三人称单数）+动词V（三单）She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.名词单数变复数口诀(一) 规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加 -s 占多数；s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上 -es；词尾是 f 或 fe，加 -s 之前先变 ve；辅母 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 再加 -es；词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加 -es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。

(二) 不规则变化男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic；孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。

This---these(这些) that -- those(那些)【解说】1. 英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一”，复数表示“多于一。

”名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加 -s，例如：book → books, girl → girls。

但以 -s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加 -es, 例如：bus → buses, buzz → buzzes, box → boxes, watch → watches, brush → brushes 2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：①树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。

名词变复数规则：1．一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”，如map→maps，bag→bags，book-books 等；2．以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词加“es”，如bus→buses，watch→watches, box-boxes 等；3．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f，fe 加ves的名词有：half→halves knife →knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves 4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有：photo→photos ，piano→pianos，radio→radios，zoo→zoos b）加es的名词有：potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes5．以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es，如baby→babies, family-families, study-studies等；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays，storey→storeys（楼层）；6. oo变ee的单词：foot-feet, goose-geese,tooth-teeth；7. a变e的单词：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen;8. 复数与原形一致的单词：fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese;9.最特殊的一个：German-Germans.第三人称单数时动词变化规则：1、一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时的动词变化①在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用“s”型（即第三人称单数形式）。

②所谓动词“s”型的构成，可按名词变复数的规则来记，即：i）在动词尾直接加s。

动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则：1）一般由动词原形加-sget-gets play-plays2）以e结尾的动词，加-slike-likes make-makes3)以o结尾的动词加-esgo-goes do-does以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词，后面加-eskiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teachesfish-fishes4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i, 再加-esfly-flies study-studies5) have –has一般现在时主语+动词原型VI have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend. They have a friend.主语（第三人称单数）+动词V（三单）She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.名词单数变复数口诀(一) 规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加-s 占多数；s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上-es；词尾是 f 或fe，加-s 之前先变ve；辅母+ y 在词尾，把y 变i 再加-es；词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。

(二) 不规则变化男人女人 a 变e，鹅足牙oo 变ee；老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变ic；孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。

This---these(这些) that -- those(那些)【解说】1. 英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一”，复数表示“多于一。

”名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加-s，例如：book →books, girl →girls。

但以-s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加-es, 例如：bus →buses, buzz →buzzes, box →boxes, watch →watch es, brush →brushes2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：①树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。

重要语法知识回顾名词单数变复数规则：1) 一般情况加s2) 以s, x, sh, ch结尾加es，读/iz/。

buses, boxes, dishes, peaches等。

3) 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，读/iz/。

families, factories, stories。

4) 以y结尾的专有名词或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s，读/z/。

boys,toys等。

5）以辅音字母+o结尾的，有生命加es，读/iz/；无生命加s，读/z/。

negroes, heroes, vocanoes, potatoes,tomatoes, pianos, photos 等。

6）以f，fe结尾，去f，fe变ves，读/vz/。

wives, knives, lives, leaves，wolves, shelves,halves,thieves,themselves, ourselves等。

但是，roofs, gulfs, proofs,cliffs,beliefs, safes等。

动词第三人称单数变化规则：1) 一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s. 例如：works gets says reads2) 以s, x, sh, ch或o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es。

go-goes teach-,teaches,wash-washesbrush-brushes ,catch-catches ,do-does ,fix -fixes3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加-es. study- studies try-triescarry-carries ,fly-flies cry-cries但是destroys, plays, says, buys等。

现在分词的变化规则：1)一般在词尾加-ing（一般-ing）。

例如：going，playing，knowing2)以不发音的字母e结尾，先去e再加-ing（去哑e）。

名词复变及动词单三规则1,绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。

读音变化：结尾是清辅音读[s]，结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。

例：friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。

读音变化：统一加读[iz]。

例：bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。

读音变化：加读[z]。

例：candy→candies; daisy→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→stories四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。

读音变化：加读[z]。

例：tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; torpedo→torpedoes; bingo→bingoes反例：silo→silos; piano→pianos（外来词）; photo→photos; macro→macros（缩写词）五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。

读音变化：尾音[f]改读[vz]。

例：knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; staff→staves; scarf→scarves反例：roof→roofs六、以-us结尾的名词（多为外来词），通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。

读音变化：尾音[Es]改读[ai]，其中[kEs]要改读为[sai]，[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。

例：fungus→fungi; abacus→abaci; focus→foci; cactus→cacti; cestus→cesti七、以-is结尾的名词，通常将-is改变为-es。

名词变复数及三单变化规则总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII名词变复数规则：1．一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”，如map→maps， bag→bags，book-books等；2．以s，x， sh， ch结尾的词加“es”，如bus→buses， watch→watches, box-boxes等；3．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f， fe 加ves的名词有： half→halves knife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves 4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有：photo→photos ，piano→pianos， radio→radios， zoo→zoos b）加es的名词有： potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes5．以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es，如baby→babies, family-families, study-studies等；以元音字母＋ y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys， holiday→holidays， storey→storeys（楼层）；6. oo变ee的单词：foot-feet, goose-geese,tooth-teeth；7. a变e的单词： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen;8. 复数与原形一致的单词：fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese;9.最特殊的一个：German-Germans.第三人称单数时动词变化规则：1、一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时的动词变化①在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用“s”型（即第三人称单数形式）。

名词单数变复数变化规则1．一般名词复数是在名词后面直接加上“s”，如：map→maps，bag→bags，book-books等；2．以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词加“es”，如：bus→buses，watch→watches, box-boxes等；3．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f，fe 加ves的名词有：knife→knives leaf→leaves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有（无生命）：photo→photos ，piano→pianos，radio→radios b）加es的名词有（有生命）：potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes5．以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es，如：baby→babies, family-families, study-studies等；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays，storey→storeys（楼层）；6. oo变ee的单词：foot-feet, goose-geese,tooth-teeth；7. a变e的单词：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen;8. 复数与原形一致的单词：fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese,动词ing形式的用法及变化规则一．动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下：1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleepingstudy---studying speak---speakingcarry---carrying say---saying2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingwake---waking make---making come---comingtake---taking leave---leaving have---having3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅音，元音（a e i o u），辅音”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。

（三加一变或三加一特殊）
简单记动词变三单、V-ing、V-ed及名词变复数：
一．名词复数的变化规则（加s，es，变y为i加es，变f或fe 为ves）
1) 一般情况加–s：map-maps
2) 以s, sh, ch, x结尾加–es, 例如：watch-watches
3) 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y 为i再加es
city-cities country-countries
特例：monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays toy—toys boy—boys
4) 以o结尾的名词，变复数时：
①加es, tomatoes potatoes
②加s, photos radios
5））以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：
变f或fe 为ves，如knife---knives leaf---leaves thief---thieves；
名词复数的不规则变化
1）child---children man---men woman---women
2）单复数同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese, people
不可数名词,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an。

二．动词变第三人称单数的规则（加s，es，变y为i加es，have变has，
三．动词变过去式的规则
特殊情况特殊记，一般词尾加ed。

以e结尾直接d。

辅音加y，变为i。

倒数辅元辅，双写尾字母。

四．动词变V-ing的规则（三加，一特殊）
直接加, 去e加, 双写加
特殊记:(以ie结尾,变ie为y加ing) 如: lie—lying。

小学英语动名词相第三人称单数动词ing等变化总结小学英语动名词相第三人称单数动词ing等变化总结一、名词复数的变化规律1、规则变化1) 一般情况直接在词尾加-s . 如：chair—chairs；apple—apples；grape—grapes；desk—desks等。

2）以s、sh、ch、x等结尾的词加–es .如：bus—buses；watch—watches；box—boxes；brush—brushes等。

3）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y 为i 再加es，baby—babies；city—cities；family—families等。

4）以f或fe结尾的将f或fe直接换成ves. 如：knife—knives；thief—thieves；shelf—shelves等。

2、不规则变化1）没有规律的变化。

如：child—children；foot—feet；tooth—teeth；mouse—mice；woman—women等。

2）单复同形。

如：deer—deer；sheep—sheep；fish—fish；yuan—yuan；tofu—tofu；pork—pork等。

3）以o结尾的名词有的加es有的加s. 如：potato—potatoes；tomato—tomatoes；Hero—heroes等。

二、动词第三人称单数的变化规则1）直接在动词后+s. 如：like—likes；play—plays；read—reads；get—gets；help—helps；ski—skis等。

2）以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词：+es. 如：wash—washes；wacth—watches；teach—teaches；brush—brushes等。

3）以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es. 如：go—goes；do—does等。

4）以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es. 如：fly—flies；study —studies；carry—carries；sky—skies等。

英语中名词变复数与动词第三人称单数动词变复数：1．一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”,如eye→eyes,arm→arms等；2．以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加“es”,如bus→buses等；3．以辅音字母＋y结尾的词,变y为i加es,如baby→babies等；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s,如monkey→monkeys等；4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有：photo→photos,piano→pianos,radio→radiosb）加es的名词有：potato→potatoes,tomato→tomatoes5．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有：belief→beliefs,gulf→gulfs（裂口）b）去掉f,fe 加ves的名词有：knife→knives,leaf→leaves,动词第三人称单数的变化规则：①、一般情况下,词尾加s,如；like----likes,want----wants.②、以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es,如,watch---watches,go---goes.③、以y结尾的归两大类：★元音+y要加s,如play----plays★辅音+y要变y为i+es如study---studies一般规则都是一样的,但以o结尾的名词变复数除了potato和tomato加es外其它的都加s.但变单三是以o结尾都加es英语名词复数变化及发音规则（NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH LESSON 16）1、一般在词尾加－s.一般来说，s在元音或浊辅音后读[z]，在清辅音后面读成[s]，在[t]后与[t]在一起读成[ts]，在[d]后与[d]一起读成[dz]。

cups 杯子books 书dogs 狗bags 包days 日子ties 领带hands 手bands 乐队hats 帽子suits 礼服2、以s,ss,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加－es，读[iz]blouses 衬衫buses 公车classes 班级dresses 连衣裙dishes 碟子fishes 鱼watches 手表peaches 桃子boxes 盒子faxes 传真3、以“元音字母＋y”结尾的词，加－s，读作[z]；以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i，再加－es，读[iz]。

动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则：1）一般由动词原形加 -sget-gets play-plays2）以 e 结尾的动词，加 -slike-likes make-makes3)以 o 结尾的动词加 -esgo-goes do-does以s, x, ch, sh 等字母结尾的动词，后面加 -eskiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teachesfish-fishes4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先将y 变 i,再加-esfly-flies study-studies5)have –has一般现在时主语 +动词原型 VI have a friend.You have a friend.We have a friend.They have a friend.主语（第三人称单数）+动词 V（三单）She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.名词单数变复数口诀( 一)规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加-s占多数；s, x, z, ch, sh来结尾，直接加上-es ；词尾是f或fe ，加-s之前先变ve；辅母+ y在词尾，把y变i再加-es ；词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es请记好，hero,tomato, potato 。

( 二)不规则变化男人女人a变e，鹅足牙oo变ee；老鼠虱婆也好记， ous变ic ；孩子加上ren ，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。

This---these(这些)that-- those( 那些 )【解说】1.英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一” ，复数表示“多于一。

”名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加-s ，例如：book →books, girl →girls 。

但以-s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加-es, 例如：bus →buses, buzz →buzzes, box →boxes, watch →watches, brush →brushes2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：①树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。

动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则：1）一般由动词原形加-sget-gets play-plays2）以e结尾的动词，加-slike-likes make-makes3)以o结尾的动词加-esgo-goes do-does以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词，后面加-eskiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i, 再加-esfly-flies study-studies5) have –has一般现在时主语+动词原型VI have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend. They have a friend. 主语（第三人称单数）+动词V（三单）She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.名词单数变复数口诀(一) 规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加 -s 占多数；s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上 -es；词尾是 f 或 fe，加 -s 之前先变 ve；辅母 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 再加 -es；词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加 -es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。

(二) 不规则变化男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic；孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。

This---these(这些) that -- those(那些)【解说】1. 英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一”，复数表示“多于一。

”名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加 -s，例如：book → books, girl → girls。

但以 -s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加 -es, 例如：bus → buses, buzz → buzzes, box → boxes, watch → watches, brush → brushes2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：①树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。