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2019 年高考英语模拟试卷( 一 )第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力 ( 略 )( 共两节 , 满分 30 分 )第二部分阅读理解( 共两节 , 满分 40 分 )第一节 ( 共 15 小题 ; 每小题 2 分 , 满分 30 分 )阅读下列短文 , 从每题所给的A、 B、 C和 D 四个选项中 , 选出最佳选项。
A(2016 课标全国Ⅰ )You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Ofthe outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860 —1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating sheltersand promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the firstAmerican woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907—1964)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement migh t not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmfuleffects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O’Connor(1930—present)When Sandra Day O’Connor finished thir d in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona statesenator(参议员)and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913 —2005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on abus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off theMontgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “ The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.B.Her teaching skills.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.22.What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her little work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial conditions.23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A.Jane Addams.B.Rachel Carson.C.Sandra Day O ’Connor.D.Rosa Parks.24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A.They are highly educated.B.They are truly creative.C.They are pioneers.D.They are peace-lovers.B(2016 课标全国Ⅰ ,C)I am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips—of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞) in my little box because I ’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cellsare harvested from a donor(捐献者)to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’vegot 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up thestem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:“ Well,I ’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please, please, you’ve got to get me back to t he United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me,re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originallyscheduled.For this courier job,you ’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.25.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“ courier”in Paragraph 1?A.providerB.delivery manC.collectorD.medical doctor26.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?A.He cannot stay away from his job too long.B.The donor can only wait for that long.C.The operation needs that much time.D.The ice won ’t last any longer.27.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A.To London.B.To Newark.C.To Providence.D.To Washington.C(2018 课标全国Ⅱ ,D)We’ve all been there:in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with theuncomfortable silence.What’s the problem?It ’s possible that we all have compromised conversationalintelligence. It ’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it ’s awkward and challenging, or we think it ’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it ’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren ’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease( 润滑剂 )for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “ Almost every great love story and each big business dealbegins with small talk, ” he explains. “ The key to successful small talk is learning how toconnect with others, not just communicate with them. ”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction( 互动 )with its waiter;the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shopexperience. “It ’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband, ”says Dunn. “ But interactions with peripheral( 边缘的 )members of our social network matter forour well-being also. ”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater senseof belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“ Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.28.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphones.B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C.Absence of communication between strangers.D.Impatience with slow service.29.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A.Showing good manners.B.Relating to other people.C.Focusing on a topic.D.Making business deals.30.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A.It improves family relationships.B.It raises people’s confidence.C.It matters as much as a formal talk.D.It makes people feel good.31.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small TalkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable SilenceD(2017 课标全国Ⅰ ,D)A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking waterin areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S.Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carrythe necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural subs titutes. The only components required, though, are a 5'× 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic,six feet of plastic tube, and a container—perhaps just a drinking cup—to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet acrossand three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’sproductivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place sothat one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up—and out—the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirtand weighting the sheet’s center dow n with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体 ) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over,and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic.Ground water evaporates(蒸发 ) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material, and falloff into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through thetube, and won ’t have to break down the still ev ery time you need a drink.32.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A.It ’s delicate.B.It ’s expensive.C.It ’s complex.D.It ’s portable.33.What does the underlined phrase“the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The tube.B.The still.C.The hole.D.The cup.34.What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?A.Dig a hole of a certain size.B.Put the cup in place.C.Weight the sheet’s center down.D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.35.When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from.A.the plastic tubeB.outside the holeC.the open airD.beneath the sheet第二节 ( 共 5 小题 ; 每小题 2 分 , 满分 10 分)(2018 课标全国Ⅱ )根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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如果需要更多成套资料，请微信搜索订阅号“初中英语资源库”，在页面下方找到“资源库”，就能得到您需要的每一份资源（包括小初高12000份主题班会课课件免费赠送！）超级资源(共12套285页)2019年高考英语真题分类汇编(word版可编辑)2019年高考试题分项解析之专题1 词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1.【2019·江苏】24. _________ —Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life? —Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查名词词义辨析. 名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt 收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天. 根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符.考点：考查名词辨析2.【2019·江苏】25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.A.approachB. wrestleC. compromiseD. communicate 【答案】C考点：考查动词词义辨析3.【2019·江苏】30.Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation.A.fallen offB. taken offC. turned offD. left off【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析. 短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功. 根据句意可知B正确.考点：考查动词短语辨析4.【2019·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on whatbasis, data are collected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD. arbitrary【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析. 形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明. 故A正确.考点：考查形容词词义辨析5.【2019·江苏】33.Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams.A. gain admission toB. keep track ofC. take advantage ofD. give rise to【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查短语辨析. 动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动. 根据句意可知C项正确.考点：考查短语辨析6.【2019·江苏】35.—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.—Lack of self-confidence is his______, I am afraid.A. Achilles’ h eelB. child’s playC. green fingersD. last straw【答案】A考点：考查谚语7.【2019·天津】2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.A. out of controlB. out of dateC. out of sightD. out of reach【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言中. A.失去控制；B.过时的；C看不见的；D.够不着的. 根据句意，故选B.考点：考查介词短语.【名师点睛】介词短语的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介词短语，这题的介词短语都是out of+名词搭配，但是意思都是大相径庭，学生在平时要注意积累这些相似短语的搭配和含义，做题时结合具体的语境代入各个选项确定答案. 由many words have been added to the language since it was published.可以确定是“过时的”.8.【2019·天津】8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.A. gave voice toB. kept an eye onC. turned a deaf ear ofD. set foot on【答案】A考点：考查动词短语辨析.【名师点睛】这几个短语都是固定搭配，不能仅仅看字面意思，应该在平时学习中注意累积这方面的词汇，这几个短语有个特点，都含有一个人体部位的名词，学生平时学习的时候，可以将短语进行分类记忆. 做题时找到关键词和切入点，这道题的关键是opinion和选项中的voice.9.【2019·天津】10. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.A. effectB. senseC. changeD. chance【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨. A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性. 故选D.考点：考查名词辨析.【名师点睛】词汇辨析是每次试卷中必然出现的题型，所以平时一定要把词汇放在句中进行记忆. 在复习词汇的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照点-线-面顺序，构建知识网络环境，对知识内容进行巩固、深化和提升，这样才能提高复习知识点的效率. 这样，再做单项填空题时，就会觉得游刃有余. 对于英语中的词汇用法，平时要多归纳总结，词汇用法的特殊语法规则更要特别记忆. 最好把词汇放在句子中，连同句子一起记忆，这样能够加强记忆.10.【2019·天津】12. I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.A. putB. makeC. takeD. give【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史. 使用短语take advantage of，意为“利用”，其他选项不能和advantage of搭配. 故选C.考点：考查动词和短语.【名师点睛】对于动词词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌. 这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出，还有的是一些固定搭配，需要了如指掌.11.【2019·天津】14. I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.A. carry onB. break intoC. turn downD. cut off【答案】A考点：考查动词短语辨析.【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径，只有加强平时的背诵，包括词组本身的含义，一词多义，以及词组和动词的搭配，做题时别忘了弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系，进行判断. 学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累.12.【2019·浙江】2.______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填B. A ; 不填C. A ; theD. The ; a【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期. 第一空填the，是特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词 a. 故选A.考点：考查冠词.【名师点睛】本题着重理解定冠词和不定冠词的区别，定冠词the表示特指，不定冠词a/an 表示泛指；对于冠词特指和泛指的考查是历年来高考的必考点，平时的学习要多进行积累，仔细分析特指还是泛指. 同时，更为重要的是要多去积累习惯表达，特殊表达，这也是近几年高考习惯考的地方. 总而言之，多解题、多理解、多积累才是关键. 做冠词的题目语感非常重要，平时阅读的时候，注意出现冠词的地方，体会是特指还是泛指.13.【2019·浙江】3. In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from____in the UK.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it【答案】A考点：考查代词.【名师点睛】本题着重考查指示代词：用来指示或标识人或事物的代词. 它们主要有：this 这个；that那个；these这些；those那些；it 它. 指示代词所指的对象取决于谈话双方都熟悉的语境. 指示代词在句中可用做主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语. that指代上文的可数或不可数名词，后面有后置定语；those指代上文的可数名词复数，后面有后置定语；one是泛指上文的可数名词单数；it指同类同物.14.【2019·浙江】4. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.A. conditionB. incomeC. creditD. status【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用. Condition条件；income 收入；credit学分，信用（卡）. 根据句意故选C.考点：考查名词辨析.【名师点睛】名词最常考的命题形式是名词词义辨析，对于同义词辨析，我们一定要平时注意积累. 由做题经验可知，同义词辨析大多是在具体语境中，由关键固定短语来判断的. 真正的词义辨析题很少. 常考的名词词义辨析词有: custom风俗习惯；habit个人习惯；tradition 传统；scene场景；scenery自然风景（总称）；view特定位置的景观；sight人文或历史景观；skill技能；ability能力；talent才华；strength优势，长处等等. 这题中的credit属于一词多义，有时也会考查熟词生义.15.【2019·浙江】6.That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he's reliable.A. Or elseB. In shortC. By the wayD. For one thing【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这个年轻人是诚实的，有合作精神的，当你需要他的帮助的时候，总是在那里. 简言之，他是可靠的. A.否则；B.简言之；C.顺便说一下；D.首先. 故选B.考点：考查介词短语.【名师点睛】介词短语的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介词短语，这题的介词短语都是out of+名词搭配，但是意思都是大相径庭，学生在平时要注意积累这些相似短语的搭配和含义，做题时结合具体的语境代入各个选项确定答案. 这句话很明显，前后两句话意思一样，就是后面简短写，可以确定是“简言之”.16.【2019·浙江】7. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.A. onB. inC. atD. about【答案】B考点：考查介词.【名师点睛】这道题与其说是考查介词，还不如说是考查定语从句，因为介词in不是和后面的influence搭配，而是通过分析发现这是定语从句，和前面的先行词culture搭配需要什么介词.17.【2019·浙江】8. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us.A. divideB. rejectC. controlD. abandon【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：当我们学会让我们的差异联合起来而不是将我们分离的时候，我们就获得很多. A.将……分开；B.拒绝，拒收；C.控制；D.放弃. 根据语境，故选A.考点：考查动词辨析.【名师点睛】词义辨析题在高考中有所涉及，每年的趋势不尽相同. 对于词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌. 这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出. 动词是非常重要的词性，在句中起着至关重要的作用，掌握好动词非常关键，这也是经常考查动词的原因. 这题要找准关键词unite，和divide 是反义词.18.【2019·浙江】12.When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt______from the world.A. carried awayB. broken downC. cut offD. brought up【答案】C考点：考查动词短语.【名师点睛】动词短语是高考常考内容. 可以按照以下方法学习：1.在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语，并根据该短语助记总体意思；2.熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思；3.重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思，理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语4.脱离汉语，只看英语动词短语，并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语5.注意有些短语意义很接近, 这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法.19.【2019·浙江】13. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience , ______ if you are travelling at high speed.A. eventuallyB. strangelyC. merelyD. especially【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：突然停止可能是一个可怕的经历，尤其是如果你以高速运行的时候. A.最终；B.奇怪地；C.仅仅地；D.尤其地. 故选D.考点：考查副词辨析.【名师点睛】副词辨析是试卷中经常出现的题型，所以平时一定要把词汇放在句中进行记忆. 在复习词汇的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照点-线-面顺序，构建知识网络环境，对知识内容进行巩固、深化和提升，这样才能提高复习知识点的效率. 这样，再做单项填空题时，就会觉得游刃有余. 对于英语中的词汇用法，平时要多归纳总结，词汇用法的特殊语法规则更要特别记忆. 最好把词汇放在句子中，连同句子一起记忆，这样能够加强记忆.20.【2019·浙江】14. When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest.A. limitedB. reservedC. reflectedD. spoiled【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：当最后决定课程的时候到了，我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程. A.限制；B.保留；C.反映，反射；D.宠坏. 故选C.考点：考查动词辨析.【名师点睛】对于动词词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌. 这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出，还有的是一些固定搭配，需要了如指掌. Reflect意思较多，有：反射，反照; 表达; 显示; 折转. 平时记忆要准确，全面.21.【2019·浙江】16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.A. specificB. permanentC. abstractD. universal【答案】A考点：考查形容词辨析.【名师点睛】把相似、相近的词语或结构放在一起作为干扰选项，若我们基础知识掌握不牢就难于区分. 解答这类题目，关键是理解题干意思以及各选项副词的意思，可以像数学中的代入法一样，依次把各个选项意思放入句子中进行比较，不难选出正确答案. 还有抓住句中的关键词general和specific对应.22.【2019·浙江】18. I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming yearsA. little moreB. no moreC.much moreD.many more【答案】D考点：考查短语辨析.【名师点睛】这题考查的是形容词比较级搭配的短语，AB项意思相近，CD项意思相近，根据语境可知用CD里面的一个，注意much more和many more的区别. much more修饰不可数名词；many more修饰可数名词，还有根据上下文可知修饰的是上文的activities，所以用many more.2019年高考试题及模拟题分项解析之专题2动词的时态和语态及情态动词1.【2019·北京】21.Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.A. worksB. has workedC. was workingD. would work 【答案】C考点：考查时态【名师点睛】一、过去进行时的构成：was/were+动词的现在分词(--ing)二、过去进行时的用法：1、表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作，通常与表过去的时间壮语连用.例如：At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天这个时候，我正在收拾东西去露营.2、表移动的动词，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等词的过去进行时，可以表示过去将要发生的动作.例如：She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假.3、在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后，另一个动作正在进行.例如：It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨.When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂.4、在叙述或描写过去的事情时，过去进行时经常与其它过去时态，特别时是一般过去时连用. 但是过去进行时往往是表示背景.例如：One night, he was typing in his study. Suddenly, a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity.一天晚上，他正在书房里打字. 突然，一个人闯进屋来，切断了电源.2.【2019·北京】23. —Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours.A. waitedB. waitC. would be waitingD. have been waiting【答案】D【解析】试题分析：题目考查时态. 句意：——打扰了，你们在等哪一部电影？——《星球大战》，我们已经在这儿等了两个多小时了. “for+时间段”与完成时连用，根据语境可知，说话的时候仍然在等，因此用现在完成进行时，故选D.考点：考查时态【名师点睛】现在完成进行时由“助动词have/has been+ -ing形式”构成. 用法如下：1. 现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去的动作. 常和for，since 引导的时间状语连用.-Hi, Tracy, you look tired.-I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里十年了.2. 表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时候刚结束.I have been waiting you for about one hour.. (说话时"等"的动作刚结束)She has been working all night long.3. 表示重复（只断断续续，而非一直不停）We’ve been discussing the matter several times this year.I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.3.【2019·北京】25. I ________ half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.A. readB. have readC. am readingD. will read【答案】B考点：考查时态【名师点睛】现在完成时基本用法：1、表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever,never, just，before 等词连用.例如：Have you ever cooked at home? 你吃晚饭了吗？You have already grown much taller.你已经长高了许多.2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态. 往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，常用的有：for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句. （Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度），提问用How long.例如：It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了.They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了.3、现在完成时需注意的问题：○1表示短暂性的动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用appear, begin, borrow, lend, buy, close,come, die, fall, find, finish, join, kill, leave, sell, stop等.例如：He has joined the army for five years. （错误）He has been in the army for five years.(正确)注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用. 即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的.（错）I have received his letter for a month.（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.○2不能和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1998,two days ago等.○3have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的区别：have/has been to 去过某地，现在已经回来；have/has gone to 去了某地，在去的路上或已经在那里.○4比较一般过去时与现在完成时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，强调动作，不和现在发生联系，常与具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just n ow等，；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，不能与表过去的时间状语连用.I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）He has been a League member for three years. （强调他是团员）现在完成时考点分析：①现在完成时除可以和for、since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等.②下列句型中常用现在完成时It is (has been) + 一段时间+ since从句This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句+ 完成时③在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时. 如：I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Don’t get off the bus unti l it has stopped.4.【2019·北京】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end.A. rewardedB. were rewardedC. will rewardD. will be rewarded【答案】D考点：考查时态和语态【名师点睛】一般将来时①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）.②表示一种趋向或习惯动作.We’ll die without air or water.③表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时.④be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别：A shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定.B be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿. 如：If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)C be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等.A meeting i s to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.D be about to do sth.表示“即将或者正要去做某事”，通常不与时间状语连用,但可与when 引导的从句连用，构成常考句型：sb was about to do when sb did sth.Autumn harvest is about to start.被动语态的构成注意：含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态：由“情态动词（can, may must, have to等）+be +动词的-ed形式构成.含有“be going to , be to, used to, be about to”等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态：其构成为“be go ing to （be to, used to, be about to）+ be +动词的-ed形式”.5.【2019·北京】31. I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. wouldn’tD. shouldn’t【答案】A考点：考查情态动词【名师点睛】常用的情态动词有can，may，must，need,should, had better.1. can 的用法：① 表示能力“能，会” eg: He can speak a little Japanese.他会说一点日语.② 表示请求或许可“可以” eg: Can I help you? 要我帮忙吗?③ 表示猜测“可能” eg: Where can she go now? 她可能到哪里去了呢?2.may 的用法：①表示请求或允许“可以”“准许”eg: May I go home，please?请问我可以回家吗?② 表示可能性“ 可能”、也许” eg: I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨.注：might为may的过去式，但也可以代替may，语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定.eg: ① He might not come today.今天他也许不来了. (语气不肯定)②You might also get a headache w hen you work too hard，当你工作太努力时，你也可能患头痛3. must的用法：①表示义务、必要或命令“必须、应该” eg: You must come early tomorrow．你明天得早来.② 表示推测时“肯定，一定” eg: They must be at home.The light is on 他们肯定在家,灯亮着呢.③ must not 禁止，不许eg: You must not tell lies. 你不许撒谎.注意：①must开头的疑问句，其否定回答通常用don't have to 或needn't . 而不用mustn't eg: ---Must I finish my homework first? 我必须先完成作业吗？---No, you don't have to/ needn't. 不，你不必.② can 和must在表推测时，can一般否定句中，而must 常用于肯定句中.eg: ①It can not be Li Lei 那个人不可能是李磊② It must be Li Lei 那个人肯定是李磊.4. need 的用法：① 情态动词“需要, 有必要”一般用于否定句或疑问句中.eg: You needn't come here this afternoon.你今天下午不必来.② 行为动词“需要, 有必要” 可以用于各种句式中.eg: ①You don't need to go now. 你不必现在就走.② I need to have a rest. 我需要休息一下③ Do we need to finish all the work today? 我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗？need的用法的助记口诀：实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代、不定式. need后接动名词，主动形式表被动.情态动词表“需要”，没有人称数之变. 其后直接加动原，多用疑问与否定.6.【2019·北京】34. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last w eek? If you ________ me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell【答案】B考点：考查虚拟语气【名师点睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度.1、陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）2、祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）3、虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.一、虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard,you’ll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.If it snowed tomorrow, we would stay at the home.1.与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（be---were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If we had time, we would go with you.I f I were you, I shouldn’t do that.If it weren’t raining, we wouldn’t stay.2.与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadn’t been ill, he might have come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用would）c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.4.错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句. 这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理.If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctor’s advice then, you would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.(有时时间会省略）5.含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示.They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teacher’s timely advice.（要不是）=if it had not been forIf only you had worked with greater care!(要是......就好了）You would have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.6.虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition.（实------虚）=I was ill that day. If I hadn’t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the si nging competition. He would have bought the piano, but he didn’t have enough money.（虚------实）=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fac t he didn’t have enough money.7.省略if倒装条件句在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were，那么可省略if，把。
2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题05 阅读理解一、2019年高考真题I.应用文1. 【2019·全国卷I，A】Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.【语篇解读】本文为应用文。
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)英 语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1.Where does this conversation take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C.In a museum.2.What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.3.What are the speakers talking about?A. What to drink.B. Where to meet.C. When to leave.4.What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleges.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A. She might want a ticket.B. She is looking for the man.C. She has an extra ticket.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题阅读理解一、2019年高考真题I.应用文1. 【2019·全国卷I，A】Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.【语篇解读】本文为应用文。
全国各地2019年高考英语试题及答案汇总目录全国1卷———————————— 2全国2卷————————————22全国3卷————————————41北京卷—————————————61天津卷—————————————80江苏卷—————————————102 浙江卷—————————————127绝密★启用前2019年高考普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国1卷）英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节）第一节（共5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是C．1．（1.5分）Where does this conversation take place？A．In a classroom．B．In a hospital．C．In a museum．2．（1.5分）What does Jack want to do？A．Take fitness classes．B．Buy a pair of gym shoes．C．Change his work schedule．3．（1.5分）What are the speakers talking about？A．What to drink．B．Where to meet．C．When to leave．4．（1.5分）What is the relationship between the speakers？A．Colleagues．B．Classmates．C．Strangers．5．（1.5分）Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation？A．She might want a ticket．B．She is looking for the man．C．She has an extra ticket．第二节（每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．6．（3分）听材料，回答下列问题．（1）How long did James run his business？A．10 years．B．13 years．C．15 years．（2）How does the woman feel about James' situation？A．Embarrassed．B．Concerned．C．Disappointed．7．（4.5分）听材料，回答下列问题．（1）What has Kate's mother decided to do？A．Return to school．B．Change her job．C．Retire from work．（2）What did Kate's mother study at college？A．Oil painting．B．Art history．C．Business administration．（3）What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision？A．Disapproving．B．Ambiguous．C．Understanding．8．（4.5分）听材料，回答下列问题．（1）What is the man doing？A．Chairing a meeting．B．Hosting a radio program．C．Conducting a job interview．（2）What benefits Mary most in her job？A．Her wide reading．B．Her leaders' guidance．C．Her friends' help．（3）Who will Mary talk about next？A．Her teacher．B．Her father．C．Her mother．9．（6分）听材料，回答下列问题．（1）Why does the man seldom do exercise？A．He lacks motivation．B．He has a heart problem．C．He works all the time．（2）What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？A．He's an athlete．B．He's a researcher．C．He's a journalist．（3）Why does the woman speak of a study？A．To encourage the man．B．To recommend an exercise．C．To support her findings．（4）How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？A．300 minutes．B．150 minutes．C．75 minutes．10．（4.5分）听材料，回答下列问题．（1）What did the scientists do to the road？A．They repaired it．B．They painted it．C．They blocked it．（2）Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？A．It's warm．B．It's brown．C．It's smooth．（3）What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment？A．To keep the birds there for a whole year．B．To help students study the birds well．C．To prevent the birds from being killed．第二部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题05 阅读理解一、2019年高考真题I.应用文1. 【2019·全国卷I，A】Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.【语篇解读】本文为应用文。
2019年全国高考英语真题及参考答案汇总
2019年全国高考英语真题及参考答案已经整理完毕，以下是对真题
及参考答案的汇总。
希望本文能够对即将参加高考的同学们有所帮助。
一、听力部分
听力部分一共有四个部分，共30道题目。
每道题目都附带有相关
的听力材料，考生需要在听到材料后选择正确的答案。
二、阅读理解部分
阅读理解部分一共有三个部分，共20道题目。
每个部分都包含了
一篇短文或文章，考生需要在阅读完后回答相关问题。
三、完形填空部分
完形填空部分共有一篇短文，随后有10个空格需要考生填写正确
的答案。
四、语法填空部分
语法填空部分共有一篇短文，考生需要根据上下文，填写正确的单
词形式。
五、短文改错部分
短文改错部分有一篇短文，考生需要在每行下面的横线上，检查并
改正文中的语法错误。
六、写作部分
写作部分有两个题目，考生需要根据提供的材料，写一篇不少于
150字的文章。
参考答案：
听力部分的答案不是直接公布的，考生需要在考试完毕后由监考老
师进行批改，并告知正误。
阅读理解、完形填空、语法填空和短文改错部分的答案将会在考试
结束后的一周内在官方网站上公布。
写作部分没有标准答案，鼓励考生根据自己的理解和判断进行写作。
以上是2019年全国高考英语真题及参考答案的汇总，希望对考生
们有所帮助。
祝愿各位考生在高考中取得优异成绩！。
2019届高三下学期第一次模拟英语试题第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转写到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers probably going to tell Jennifer?A. Not to worry about what people think.B. To spend more time on her studies.C. To get them tickets to the volleyball game.2. What does the man imply about Paul?A. He has already asked for help.B. He was the last one to use the computerC. He doesn’t know a lot about the computer.3. What’s the man’s job now?A. He works in a car factory.B. He works in an office.C. He is out of work now.4. Where are the two speakers?A. In Britain.B. In USA.C. In France.5. What can be inferred about the man?A. Tonight’s exam is the easiest one.B. He wishes he could go to a concert.C. He did well in two of his exams.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白。
