语法新视野3-U1Can,can't

deviatevi. 背离；偏离precludevt. 阻碍；阻止；妨碍premiera. 最好的；最大的；最重要的n. 首相；总理wherebyad. 凭那个；借以civica. 1 公民的；市民的；2 城镇的；城市的patriotica. 爱国的；有爱国心的clear-cuta. 明确的；清楚的inhibitvt. 阻碍；妨碍；抑制scholarlya. 1 博学的；学问精深的；2 学者的；学术的idiotn. 笨蛋；傻子bypassvt. 1（做某事时）避开，越过（某人）；2 绕过；绕…走persecutionn. （尤指因种族、宗教或政治信仰而进行的）迫害，残害misfortunen. 1 不幸的事；灾难；2 厄运；不幸glamorn. 魅力；吸引力a. 极富魅力的；非常吸引人的tragica. 可悲的；悲惨的；不幸的；悲剧性的spurn. 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞vt.1 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞；2 使发生optimismn. 乐观；乐观主义dedicationn. 奉献；献身commendvt. 1（正式或公开）表扬，称赞，表彰；2 推荐upholdvt. 支持；拥护；维护endeavorn. 努力；尽力vi. 努力做（某事）；尽力做（某事）statesmann. 政治家diligenta. 勤奋的；用功的diligentlyad. 勤奋地pursuitn. 追求；寻求ranchn. （美国或加拿大西部的）大牧场prestigen. 声望；名望；威信circuitn. 1（与某种活动相关的人）定期前往的一系列场所；2 电路；回路；线路；3 环形路线unprecedenteda. 1 前所未有的；史无前例的；2 （大小、数量、程度等）前所未知的，空前的nominatevt. 提名；推荐appointvt. 1 任命；委派；指派；2 确定，指定，约定（时间或地点）abortionn. 人工流产；堕胎expendvt. 花费；消耗；支出threatn. 1 危害；威胁；2 恐吓；威胁inwarda. 1 内心的；精神的；2 向内的；向中心的robusta. 坚定的；强硬的；2 （人）强壮的，强健的maintainvt. 保持；维持slackvi. 偷懒；逃避工作a. 1 松弛的；不紧的；2 松懈的；懈怠的；疏忽的transcendvt. 超越，摆脱（消极的态度、思想或情绪）handicapn. 1 障碍；不利条件；2（身体或智力的）缺陷，残疾（该词现在被认为具冒犯义）featn. 技艺；业绩；功绩remove sth. / sb. from sth.移开；拿开；去掉；从…机构开除deviate from sth.背离；偏离；违背preclude sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；妨碍某人做某事write sb. / sth. off认定…失败（或没有价值、不可救药等）fail in sth.做…失败；未能做到…triumph over打败；战胜；成功in (the) pursuit of sth.在追求…的过程中；在寻求…的过程中work one's way to / through / into（通过努力）逐步达到act as充当；起作用fall down不足；不够好Winston Churchill温斯顿·丘吉尔（1874-1965，英国保守党政治家，二战期间担任英国首相，1951-1955年再度出任英国首相）Harrow哈罗公学（位于伦敦西北角，英国历史悠久的著名公学之一）Albert Einstein阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦（1879-1955，美国物理学家、数学家）Thomas Edison托马斯·爱迪生（1847-1931，美国发明家）Abraham Lincoln亚伯拉罕·林肯（1809-1865，美国第16任总统）Sandra Day O'Connor桑德拉·戴·奥康纳（1930- ，美国首位联邦最高法院女法官）Stanford Law School斯坦福大学法学院Supreme Court Justice（美国）最高法院大法官Vocabulary Bstrickensuffix （与某些名词连用）受…侵袭的a. 1 患病的；受伤的；2 罹难的；受侵害的；受灾的；遭损失的prospectivea. 可能发生的；预期的；2 可能的；有希望的destineda. 1 注定的；肯定的；2 指定的；预定的jockeyn. 操作者celebrityn. 1 （尤指娱乐界、体育界的）名人，名流；2 出名；著名indulgev.（使）（自己）沉湎于；（让自己）享受一下vi. 沉迷于，沉溺于（不被认可的事物）masterpiecen. 1 杰作；名著；大作；2 典范aggravatevt. 1 激怒；惹恼；2 使（尤指局势或病情）恶化；加剧scornvt. 看不起；鄙视n. 轻蔑；鄙视nonethelessad. 然而；不过renowneda. 有名望的；著名的enterprise1（尤指全新或不同的）事业，计划；2 企业；公司；事业单位layoutn. 陈设；布局；安排dubiousa. 1 无把握的；怀疑的；2 令人怀疑的；不确定的；靠不住的dubiouslyad. 怀疑地；疑惑地strawn. 1 （干燥的）麦秆，稻草，禾秆；2 （喝饮料用的）吸管expertisen. （从经历、培训或学习中得来的）特殊技能，专门知识blunta.（言语）率直的，直言不讳的，直截了当的bluntlyad. 率直地；直言不讳地；直截了当地bustn. 彻底的失败adorevt. 疼爱；爱慕；崇拜persuasivea. 有说服力的；能使人信服的caterv. 1 满足，迎合（某群人的需要）；2 为…提供饮食，承办酒席overtimen. 加班（时间）posturen. 1 姿势；姿态；仪态；2 态度；行为，方式paneln. （交通工具或机器的）仪表板，面板；2 评判小组disciplineda. 训练有素的；遵守纪律的alleviatevt. 减轻；缓解；缓和doomvt. 注定，命定（失败、毁灭或极不高兴等）n. 厄运；劫数murmurv. 咕哝；小声说vi. 低声抱怨；私下发牢骚n. 低声说出的话；低语frantica.（因极端焦急恐惧而）发疯似的，情绪失控的grinvi.露齿而笑；咧嘴笑n. 露齿笑；咧嘴笑blinkv. 眨（眼）vi.（灯）闪烁；闪亮n. 眨眼睛hoistvt. 1 提起；举起；2 提高（数量或价值）flipvi. 按（开关）；开（或关）（机器等）v.（使）快速翻转，迅速翻动eloquenta. 雄辩的；口才流利的eloquentlyad. 雄辩地；口才流利地rapvi. 说唱；v. 猛敲；急拍n. 1 叩击（声）；轻敲（声）；2 说唱minglevi.（尤指在社交场合）四处走动与人交谈；v.（使）混合dazzlevt. 1 （用美貌、智力或技能）使倾倒，使赞叹不已；2（强光等）使目眩，使眼花n. 1 耀眼；目眩；2 光彩夺目的品质；令人赞叹的品质applausen. 掌声；鼓掌propelvt. 1 驱使；促使；导致；2 推进；驱动iconn. 1 偶像；崇拜对象；2 （计算机屏幕上可用鼠标点击的）图标destined to do sth.预定；注定；（尤指）命中注定serve as被用作… ；充当… ；起…的作用be wrapped up in sth.把全部精力放在某事上（以至于没有时间关心别的事）take sb. on开始雇用某人work overtime加班hang out (with)泡在某处；与…经常在一起soak sth. up迅速吸收；轻松学会（知识）in anticipation of sth.预料某事；期待某事on (the) air正在广播Les Brown莱斯·布朗（1945- ，美国著名的励志演说家）Mamie Brown玛米·布朗（莱斯·布朗的养母）Miami迈阿密（美国佛罗里达州东南部城市）Cadillac凯迪拉克（美国著名汽车品牌）Rock洛克（人名）Klein克莱因（人名）Cormick考密克（人名）Slick斯雷克（人名）Neil尼尔（人名）。

第三册重点句型归纳(1-9)I pledged myself to fulfill the promise I had made. 我保证实践自己的诺言。

He couldn't restrain his curiosity. 他抑制不住自己的好奇心。

The teacher had to reconcile disputes among her pupils. 老师不得不调解她学生中的纠纷。

She consumed most of her time in reading. 她把大部分时间都花在读书上。

They had food and clothing sufficient for their needs.他们有足够所需的食品和衣服。

We won’t allow other countries to interfere with our internal affairs.我们不允许别的国家干涉我国内政。

Don’t interfere in matters that don’t concern you. 不要介入那些与你无关的事情。

Tom and Bob went to their homes respectively after school.The ratio of men to women at the meeting was ten to one.出席会议的男女之比是10比1。

It’s advisable for people in these groups to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves. （Lesson.2）属于这些类型的人,最好每年做一次血液检查,看看体内铁质的储量如何.We were warned by the teacher in the first lesson that students got a grade not only for academic achievement but also for attendance and best effort.(Unit 3)第一堂课教师就告诫我们，学生的得分不仅包括学习成绩，还包括出勤率和努力程度He started late, but he was able to catch the eight oclock train.他出发的晚了,但还是赶上了八点的火车.He sleeps with the window open even in winter.即使在冬天他常开着窗户睡觉.He is a controversial person. 他是一个很有争议的人。

Unit 1 -Unit7Unit 1SectionA XI汉译英：1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充分的准备，你都很难在这么吵杂的招待会上发表演讲。

No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样，吉米也关心着他们。

Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them.3.汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车标识号码，以便帮助被盗的车辆。

Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了。

If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。

Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.6.现在需要面对的事情是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。

Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.SectionA XIII 完形填空：Although they may not be the world’s fastest or strongest athletes, the 1830 competition s in the 2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games held in Nagano, Japan(1) competed( vi. 竞争；比赛；对抗) with all their hearts. At the closing (2) ceremony(n. 典礼，仪式；) Princess Takamado of Japan made a speech .She said, ’The past week was (3) all about(到处，各处；关于…的一切) smiles, gentleness and peace. I truly hope within my heart that the entire world can learn something here. We can all learn from the (4) examples (n. 例子；列证，后面省了that) these special athletes have shown us.’The (5) aim（n. 目的；目标；对准）of the Special Olympics is clear. It is to encourage individuals with intellectual (6) disabilities（n. 残疾（disability的复数）；身心障碍者）to become physically fit. They are also encouraged to be productive and (7) respected（adj. 受尊敬的）members of society through sports training and competition. If an athlete (8) wins（vi. 赢；获胜；成功）in competition, it is a bonus. However , (9) in a way（在某种程度上）everyone wins. Lily Kuhn ,12, a skier with Team USA , could hardly (10) restrain（vt. 抑制，控制；约束；制止）her enthusiasm as the wrote home. She told her parents: I was proud of myself. I amhappy not simply for winning, (11) but for（but for conj. 要不是；如果没有）winning honestly, loving to compete and working the hardest for the longest time.The festival (12) ending（n. 结局；结尾）the games is something t o remember. It isn’t (13) complete（adj. 完整的；完全的；彻底的）without the hugs. One event volunteer (14) while （n. 一会儿；一段时间）hugging and handing out sweatshirts to some of the athletes(15) held up（vt. 举起）his thumbs and said, ”All of these athletes are super! I can’t go (16) anywhere （n. 任何地方）around here without getting a hug. I (17) pray for（pray for 恳求，请求）more of this sort of thing. I hope that the spirit (18) with which（compete with 与…竞争）they have competed might touch the whole world. Watching these young people blossom over the past week has truly touched my life. ”At the end of the festival, the vice mayor for the city of Shanghai, which will (19) host（vt. 主持）the 2007 summer games, accepted the flag for the Special Olympics (20) pledging（v. 保证（pledge的ing形式）；）that “the city of Shanghai would open its arms to the world and to the Special Olympics”Unit2SectionA XI汉译英：1.被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪。

Unit 1 语法Can/ could/ be able tocan、could与be able to都可以用于表示能力，区别在于：1. can仅表示某人现在有能力做某事，相当于am/is/are able to，但后者更正式。

例如：The police are doing all they can to find her.警方正在尽一切所能找她。

2. could表示某人在过去有能力做某事，相当于was/were able to。

例如：By the time she was eight, she could read Greek and Latin.她八岁时就会读希腊文和拉丁文了。

He was able to walk with a stick.他能拄着拐杖行走。

3. 表达将来有能力做某事用will be able to do。

例如：After only a few lessons, you will be able to understand basic Spanish.只需几节课之后，你就能听懂最基本的西班牙语了。

4. can、could仅能表达现在或过去的能力，但be able to 还含有成功地做成了某事，相当于manage to do sth./succeed in doing sth.。

例如：The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都逃了出来。

I'm sorry that I wasn't able to phone you yesterday.对不起，昨天我没能给你打电话。

can、could除了表示能力还可用于以下用法：1. 表示请求和许可表示请求时，could更加委婉，不表示过去。

注意：could 通常不表示许可，因此回答仍用can。

can的三个基本用法一、can的基本用法1. 表示能力- I can speak three languages. It's so cool! You know, it's like having three different keys to open the doors of different cultures. (我能说三种语言。

太酷了！你知道，这就像是有三把不同的钥匙来打开不同文化的大门。

)- He can run really fast. Just like a cheetah on the African savannah, he dashes across the field. (他能跑得非常快。

就像非洲大草原上的猎豹一样，他在田野上飞奔。

)- She can draw amazing pictures. Her hands are like magic wands, creating beautiful scenes on the paper. (她能画出令人惊叹的画。

她的手就像魔杖一样，在纸上创造出美丽的场景。

)2. 表示请求许可（通常用于非正式场合）- Can I have a piece of cake? I'm so hungry. It looks like a little cloud of deliciousness. (我能吃一块蛋糕吗？我太饿了。

它看起来就像一小朵美味的云彩。

)- Can you pass the salt? It's as if the food is begging for a little sprinkle of saltiness. (你能递给我盐吗？就好像食物在乞求撒上一点咸味。

) - Can hee to the party? He's been looking forward to it like a child waiting for Christmas. (他能来参加聚会吗？他一直期待着，就像孩子等待圣诞节一样。

情态动词can的用法小结1、can的个性展示can本身有一定含义，但不能独立存在，它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。

情态动词can 没有人称和数的变化。

2、can的具体用法(1)表示“能；会”，指脑力或体力方面的“能力”。

如：I can speak English.我会说英语。

Jim can swim but I can't.吉姆会游泳，但我不会。

(2)表示许可，意为“可以”，常用于口语中，这时相当于may。

如：Can/May I have a cup of tea，please？我可以喝一杯茶吗？3、can的句式表演(1)肯定句：主语＋can＋动词原形＋其他．如：Mary can dance.玛丽会跳舞。

You can go to watch TV.你可以去看电视。

(2)否定句：主语＋can't＋动词原形＋其他．如：He can't play the guitar.他不会弹吉他。

You can't pass the ball like this.你不能像这样传球。

(3)一般疑问句：Can＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语＋can.否定回答：No，主语＋can't.如：—Can you sing an English song for us？你可以为我们唱一首英文歌曲吗？—Yes，I can./No，I can't.好的，我可以。

/不，我不能。

【注意】肯定回答中用certainly，语气更肯定；否定回答中用sorry，语气则更委婉、客气。

如：—Can you sing？你会唱歌吗？—Certainly，I can./Sorry，I can't.我当然会。

/很抱歉，我不会。

(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋can＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？如：What can your mother do？你的妈妈会做什么？4、can的巧记口诀表能力，要用can。

Two kinds of judgment1 There are two different ways people judge you. Sometimes judging you correctly is the end goal. But there's a second much more common type of judgment where it isn't. We tend to regard all judgments of us as the first type. We'd probably be happier if we realized which are and which aren't.2 The first type of judgment, the type where judging you is the end goal, includes court cases, grades in classes, and most competitions. Such judgments can of course be mistaken, but because the goal is to judge you correctly, there's usually some kind of appeals process. If you feel you've been misjudged, you can protest that you've been treated unfairly.3 Nearly all the judgments made on children are of this type, so we get into the habit early in life of thinking that all judgments are.4 But in fact there is a second much larger class of judgments where judging you is only a means to something else. These include college admissions, hiring and investment decisions, and of course the judgments made in dating. This kind of judgment is not really about you.5 Put yourself in the position of someone selecting players for a national team. Suppose for the sake of simplicity that this is a game with no positions, and that you have to select 20 players. There will be a few stars who clearly should make the team, and many players who clearly shouldn't. The only place your judgment makes a difference is in the borderline cases. Suppose you screw up and underestimate the 20th best player, causing him not to make the team, and his place to be taken by the 21st best. You've still picked a good team. If the players have the usual distribution of ability, the 21st best player will be only slightly worse than the 20th best. Probably the difference between them will be less than the measurement error.6 The 20th best player may feel he has been misjudged. But your goal here wasn't to provide a service estimating people's ability. It was to pick a team, and if the difference between the 20th and 21st best players is less than the measurement error, you've still done that optimally.7 It's a false analogy even to use the word unfair to describe this kind of misjudgment. It's not aimed at producing a correct estimate of any given individual, but at selecting a reasonably optimal set.8 One thing that leads us astray here is that the selector seems to be ina position of power. That makes him seem like a judge. If you regard someone judging you as a customer instead of a judge, the expectation of fairness goes away. The author of a good novel wouldn't complain that readers were unfair for preferring a potboiler with a racy cover. Stupid, perhaps, but not unfair.9 Our early training and our self-centeredness combine to make us believe that every judgment of us is about us. In fact most aren't. This is a rare case where being less self-centered will make people more confident. Once you realize how little most people judging you care about judging you accurately—once you realize that because of the normal distribution of most applicant pools, it matters least to judge accurately in precisely the cases where judgment has the most effect—you won't take rejection so personally.10 And curiously enough, taking rejection less personally may help you to get rejected less often. If you think someone judging you will work hard to judge you correctly, you can afford to be passive. But the more you realize that most judgments are greatly influenced by random, extraneous factors—that most people judging you are more like a fickle novel buyer than a wise and perceptive magistrate—the more you realize you can do things to influence the outcome.11 One good place to apply this principle is in college applications. Most high school students applying to college do it with the usual child's mix of inferiority and self-centeredness: inferiority in that they assume that admissions committees must be all-seeing; self-centeredness in that they assume admissions committees care enough about them to dig down into their application and figure out whether they're good or not. These combine to make applicants passive in applying and hurt when they're rejected. If college applicants realized how quick and impersonal most selection processes are, they'd make more effort to sell themselves, and take the outcome less personally.两种判断判断一个人有两种不同的方式，有时判断的最终目的是正确地判断一个人，不过另外一种则不是如此，并且这种判断要常见得多。

Book 3 unit1 情态动词（练习与讲解）情态动词总结most will cherish this learning of free-style.一些学生很可能在这段困难时期忽略他们的家庭作业,然而大部分学生都会珍惜这种自由的学习风格。

4.may/might as well do sth 最好做...;不妨做...We may as well drown ourselves in study to kill time. 我们不妨专注学习来消磨时间。

Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空1．When you cross the street, you must be careful with the passing cars.2．It can’t be his mother, for she has been ill at home for a long time.3．We enjoy good weather in January, but sometimes it can be terribly cold.4．I may come to the party with you, but I am not sure.5．When he was young, he would climb the small hill every morning.6．—May I take this seat?—Yes, you may/can．7．Tom comes from Australia, so he can speak English very well.8．If you can pass the driving test, you shall get a new car.9. —Must he come to sign this contract himself?—Yes, he must. /No, he needn’t.10.It is surprising that that mean man should give away his money to the poor.11.—To stop the oil from flowing into the gulf is difficult. What should we do?—Shall the robots have a try?12.They were determined to carry out the plan at first, but then we were able to persuade them to change their minds.13.You mustn’t/ can’t park your car in front of the teaching building, for the students are coming out soon.14.I have told you the truth already. Must I keep repeating it?15.I cannot but admire her courage. 我不得不佩服她的勇气Ⅱ.单项填空1．—I heard they went skating in the mountains last winter.—It ________ be true because there was little snow there.A．may not B．won’tC．couldn’t D．mustn’t解析：选C。

2023中考英语重点词汇复习之can 的用法归纳can 的基本意思是“会；能”，但是作为情态动词，它不能独立作谓语，后面必须跟动词原形，用来表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度或看法，没有人称和数的变化。

一、主要用法：1、can多表示主语做某事的能力，指脑力或体力方面的“能力”，意思是“能，会”。

例如：Tom can ride a bike.汤姆会骑自行车。

The old man can use the computer but I can’t.这位老人会使用电脑，但是我不会。

2、can表示请求或允许时，常用在口语中，意思是“可以”，这时相当于may。

例如：You can go now.现在你可以走了。

Can I borrow your English-Chinese dictionary?我可以借你的英汉词典吗？3、can 可以用来表示推测，常用在疑问句或否定句中，指某种客观可能性，意思是“可能”。

例如：Can he come to Linda’s 18th birthday party, please?请问他今天能来参加琳达的十八岁生日聚会吗？--Look, the light in the teachers’ office is still on. Mr Li is workingthere. He always works late at night.--It can’t be Mr. Li. He’s gone to London for a short visit.“看，教师办公室的灯还在亮着。

李老师正在那儿工作。

晚上他总工作到很晚。

”“那不可能是李老师，他去伦敦短途参观了。

4、can 还可以表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

例如：Can this be an excuse for giving up your dream?这难道能成为你放弃梦想的理由？No, no, this can’t be true. 不，不，这不可能是真的。