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2012大阪大学校内考真题英语 问题

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Culture is not something in opposition to biology;rather,culture is the form that biology takes in different communities.One culture may differ from another culture,but there are limits to the differences.Each must be an expression of the underlying biological commonality of the human species.There could not be a long-term conf l ict between nature and culture,for if there were,nature would always win;culture would always lose.What is cinema and what is a f i lm?A mere hundred years old,the cinema has in its different manifestations become at once so obvious and so ubiquitous that one hardly appreciates just how strange a phenomenon it actually is.Not only an extraordinary entertainment medium,a superb story-telling machine,it also gives a kind of presence and immediacy to the world unparalleled elsewhere,and undreamt of before the cinema was invented.Nothing else seems to give such intense feelings;nothing involves people so directly and tangibly in the world out there and in the lives of others.Accommodation theory states that when people talk to each other,they adjust their behaviour and manner of speech to take account of to accommodate themselves to the topic,the circumstances,and the other people engaged with them in the conversation.For two simple examples:people talk more slowly to foreigners,and use baby talk when interacting with infants.The way people communicate with each other is central to the kind of social interaction issue.Thus,friends or lovers and especially people in the process of becoming friends or lovers make every effort to converge in manner,accent,tone and topic. ,someone wishing to keep hisdistance or disagree will almost always adopt a manner of speaking expressly different from that ofthe otherparty.These ideas matter because it is clear that the diff i culties experienced by immigrants and foreigners everywhere arise in part from the difference of their speech mannerisms,and the limits to their ability to“converge”withnative speakers when trying to communicate.As the world globalizes further at an increasingly rapid pace,andas major migrations of people,especially from the southern to the northern hemisphere,continue,so the problems and too often the frictions increase:accommodation theory, all its surface simplicity,gives insights into how miscommunication and misinterpretation happen and how matters can be improved.Communication diff i culties do not only affect immigrants and foreigners everywhere.They affect our own fellow-citizens.Social expectations and beliefs about class,intelligence and status are inf l uenced by accent and other speech mannerisms,and therefore certain people from certain classes or regions can be disadvantaged when seeking jobs especially away from their home localities by the methods of communicating they learned when young.Lack of accommodation is thus the source of problems for members of any group identif i ed in given circumstances an out-group of some kind.Accommodation theory was devised in the early1970s by Howard Giles,whose f i rst insights into communication came while working in a medical clinic in Wales,his native country.He wrote,“The patients I took to thephysicians just had to open their mouths and speak andI could predict the manner in which the physicians weregoing to deal with them.”The ideas he developed have been applied by advertisers and party-political researchers in thinking about the most effective ways of getting messages across to target audiences,and by business management trainers advising clients on how to behave in foreign countries.The limits of accommodation are illustrated bythe latter.Studies found that efforts made by Westernbusinessmen who over-accommodated in order to please potential clients or partners among Japanese businessmen were in fact counterproductive.The is that behaviour which appears to involve mimicry of another can look like mockery,or at very least appear condescending;in the Japanese case,the businessmen from Japan preferred the foreigners to be foreigners and thus,presumably,to meet their own expectations and to conform to their own planned mode of interaction.Accommodation theory is particular value for,among other things,thinking about ways of integrating immigrant communities into host communities,where“integration”is a term neutral between assimilation and multiculturalism,and just means providing a way for immigrants to get along with the host community while succeeding economically.With mass immigration has come the that it is ineffective to expect immigrants to do all the accommodating;and that has resulted in host community adjustments to take account of linguistic and cultural factors in front-line provision of health care,education,social work,policing and legal services.as at for of onAccordingly ConverselyEventually Occasionallyadvantage aimdanger hopedream misunderstandingrealization superstitionthe other partythe latterHoward Gilesaccommodation theory。

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2012级本科《大学英语二》答案

2012级本科《大学英语二》答案

2012级本科《大学英语二》答案试题1Passage 2 P189Are you planning a vacation?？If you like hot and extremely dry summers, go to phoenix, Arizona. For hot temperatures but lots of rain and thunderstorms, try Miami, Florida. If you want average temperatures and rainfall, St. Louis, Missouri, is the spot. Or if you’re a cold weather fan, head to Fairbanks, Alaska. Its winters are very cold with little precipitation (冰雹). Each of these cities has a certain type of weather. The average weather for a place over many years is called climate, and in no two places in the world is it exactly the same. How can this be?Many things in nature, such as sunshine, temperature, and precipitation, affect climate. Nearness to mountain, oceans, and large lakes affects it too. Another factor is altitude, or height above sea level. Air cools as altitude increases. So a city at a higher altitude may be colder than one at a lower altitude. Finally, winds affect climate. They move heat and moisture between the oceans and continents. Winds keep the tropics from overheating. They keep the polar regions from getting overly cold.Climate changes over long periods of time. Some scientists think, for example, that the earth’s climate changed at the time of the dinosaurs (恐龙时代). They think the dinosaurs died because of the change. What causes a climate to change? One possible cause may be changes in the sun. Sunspots, for example, are cool, dark spots that form on the sun. Sunspots may decrease precipitation on the earth and cause unusually dry periods. Changes in the atmosphere may change climate too. Volcanic eruptions (火山的爆发)，for instance, release solid particles intothe air. These particles may form a cloud that blocks out the sun’s heat. Human activity is another cause of climate change. Air pollution and reduction of forest cover may have long-term effects on climate.6. This passage is concerned with things that affect ______B_______.A. ideaB. climateC. altitudeD. sunspots7. Change in climate may have caused _____A_______.A. dinosaurs to dieB. dark spots to form on the sunC. volcanic eruptionD. air pollution8. The effect of a volcanic eruption on climate may be to make it ___D__.A. wetterB. dryerC. warmerD. colder9. To help readers understand how climate can change, the writer uses ___A______.A. examplesB. a story about the seashoreC. order of importanceD. a strong argument10. Which of the following is the place of greatest altitude ona mountain?（C）A. the foot of the mountainB. 8, 500 feet up the mountain.C. the top of the mountainD. 15, 785 feet up the mountain.Passage 3One day in 1965，when I was a library worker at school，a teacher came to me. She had a student who finished his work before all the others and needed something more difficult for him to do . “Could he help in the library?” she asked. I said, “Send him along.”Soon, a golden-haired boy appeared. “Do you have a job for me?” he asked. I told him about a system for sorting books. He picked up the idea immediately. Then I showed him some cards for some unreturned books that I thought had been returned but not recorded. Maybe some books were put on wrong places. He said, “Is it a kind of a detective job?” I answered yes, and he then began his work. .He had found three books with wrong cards by the time his teacher opened the door and said, “Time for rest!” He argued for finishing the finding job, but the teacher won.The next morning, he arrived early. “I want to finish these books.” he s aid. At the end of the day, when he asked to work with me more often, it was easy for me to say yes.After a few weeks I found a note on my desk, inviting me to dinner at the boy’s home. At the end of a pleasant evening, his mother declared that the family would be moving to the lost books?” he asked. When the time came, it was hard to say good-bye. Though at the beginning he had seemed an ordinary boy, his strong feeling of interest had made him different.Do you know who he is? This boy became a great man of the Information Age: Bill Gates.11. Why did the teacher go to the library to find a job for Bill Gates?（C）A.Because the teacher found the librarian quite busy.B.Because Bill Gates wanted to find a job.C.Because Bill Gates finished his study quickly and had more free time than the others.D.Because the library needed a new worker.12. What do you know from the passage?（B）A.Library work was very difficult for Bill Gates.B.Bill Gates did his job without any difficulty.C.The librarian was too busy to have a rest.D.His mother hoped that Bill Gates would leave his job.13. The sentence “He picked up the idea immediately” means that ___A_.A.he learned that system quicklyB.he collected that system quicklyC.he lifted up that system quicklyD.he improved that system quickly14. What is Bill Gates expected to do in the library?（D）A.Finding the lost cards.B.Learning the system.C.Helping the worker with everything in the library.D.Finding books with wrong cards.15. How did Bill Gates feel when his family would move to another school area? （C）A. SadB. PleasantC. WorriedD. InterestedPassage 4How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Youth is a time when there are few tasks to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he isfed, looked after and loved whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his pains: he is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things, or being punished for what he has done wrong.When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.16. People can experience happiness if they _B__.A.always think of the past and regret itB.value the presentC.are no longer youngD.become old and have much experience17. When people were young, they used to _B _.A.be in charge of many businessesB.have few things to think about and take onC.look after their younger sisters and brothersD.face a lot of difficulties18. The pains of children lie in the fact that _D__.A.no one helps them make right decisionsB.they are often beaten by their parentsC.they can not be accepted and praised by othersD.they are not allowed to do what they like to do19. Children are usually happy because _D__.A.old people lose interest in themB.they are free to do wrongC.they are familiar with everything going on around themD.things are new to them20. Which of the following is NOT needed for a young man to be happy?（C）A.Hard work.B.Being free from troubles.C.Wealth.D.HealthPartⅡVocabulary and Structure21. I’m afraid I’ve rather __B_______ the house this week so it’s a bit of mess.A. ignoredB. neglectedC. forgottenD. left out22. The drivers were killed in a head-on __B_____ involving a number of cars on the main roadinto town.B. collisionC. clashD. crack23. I came __C_____ real interest, not just to have a good time.A. due toB. underC. fromD. out of24. She _____C__ each of the children to an ice-cream.A. entertainedB. feedC. treatedD. supplied25. I soon _B_____ myself in the rediscovered pleasures of the game.A. concentratedB. lostC. focusedD. devoted26. He spent the whole night thinking over __C______ Mr. Smith had said at the meeting.A. all whatB. whichC. allD. that27. It was not until recently ____C__ we learned the famous film star would marry that politician.A. whenB. whichD. then28. We ____ B____ that they would co-operate with us in working out the best solution to theproblem.A. took for grantedB. took it for grantedC. took that for grantedD. took as granted29. We will still have to practice economy, _____C_ our income for this year has risen 30 percentcompared with that of last year.A. even ifB. even thoughC. even thenD. as though30. Ruth Handler, ____B______ created Barbie, the world’s most popular doll, died last Sundaymorning at the age of 85.A. thatB. whoC. sheD. whom31. He was __D______ to a school as a teacher in a mountain village.A. affectedB. impressedC. assignedD. adjusted32. I was speaking to Emily on the phone when suddenly wewere _A_________.A. cut offB. run outC. broken downD. hung up33. He took a wait-and- see _C______ to the new situation.A. keyB. answerC. attitudeD. assistance34. Because of the mist, none of those who saw the flying object could tell its __C____ shape.A. steadyB. likelyC. preciseD. rigid35. Looking at the state of his car, it’s a ______A____ that he wasn’t killed!A. miracleB. foreheadC. capacityD. knot36. The doctor ___A____ me that the discomfort would disappear in a couple of days if I followedhis advice.A. assuredB. ensuredC. confirmedD. assumed37. She looked behind her from time to time to ___B___ thatshe was not followed.A. rely onB. make sureC. drive awayD. pull up38. He gave his son some money for the ___C___ of a new dictionary.A. benefitB. capacityC. purchaseD. insight39. The team really looks good tonight because the coach had them _____A_ every night thisweek.A. practiceB. to practiceC. practicedD. practicing40. _____A____ so busy, I should go with you.A. Were I notB. Was I notC. If I’m notD. Had I not been41. Would you please ___A___ your name, address and telephone number here?A. fill inB. write inC. write withD. fill with42. Last year the advertising rate ____D_____ by 20 percent.B. arousedC. aroseD. rose43. Your hair needs _______B_. You’d better have it _______ tomorrow.A. to be cut…doB. to be cut…doneC. cutting…doD. cutting…to be done44. Her face became red ______C__ she learned that she had made a silly question.A. as long asB. as far asC. the instantD. as well as45. Police are trying to discover the ____A__ of a baby found by the side of a road.A. identityB. foreheadC. principleD. gesture46. Most of the housework was done by two members of the family, my mother and A .A. IB. mineC. meD. my47. Nixon’s parents D on the 10:30 train tomorrow.A. is arrivingC. arrivesD. are arriving48. May I use A bike? is being repaired.A. your; MineB. his; MyC. yours; ItD. your; He49. A group of boys and girls B in the coffee house.A. is drinkingB. drinksC. are drinkingD. drink50. Keep a secret, don’t tell B your name.A. someB. anybodyC. somebodyD. nobody51. B student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A. EachB. EitherC. AnyD. One52. By 1996, production in the area was expected to doubleD of 1988.A. thatB. oneC. itD. what53. We’ll find the bus stop ____B______.A. easyB. easilyC. usualD. slightly54. If you don’t know the way, you can ___D____ the policeman.A. tellB. findC. sayD. ask55. The old man has two ____A____. One is rich and the other poor.A. sons-in-lawB. sons-in-lawsC. son-in-lawD. sons-ins-laws56. Can you tell me on which floor the ___B_____ hats are?A. womanB. women’sC. woman ofD. womens’57. The newly-built hotel is a ___A_____.A. five-storey buildingB. five storeys buildingsC. five-storeyed buildingD. five storeys’ building58. Jackie Chan is many people’s ____B____actor.A. bestB. favoriteC. popularD. like59. The children felt ____D____ to be interviewed (会见) by the President.A. honorB. the honorC. have honorD. honored60. Kissing is a ___B____ way of greeting with each other in the western countries.A. usuallyB. commonC. certainD. following Part III ClozePatience plays an important role in creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more 61 you are, the more accepting you will be of what is, rather than insisting that life 62 exactly as you would like it to be, 63__ patience, life is extremely _64 . You are easily annoyed, bothered, and irritated. Patience _65 ,ease and acceptance to your life. It’s 66 for inner peace. Becoming more patient 67 opening your heart to the present moment, __68 you don’t like it.If you are 69__ in a traffic jam, opening to the 70 would mean gently reminding yourself to relax 71 your thinking got our of 72 .It might also be a good time to breathe as 73 as an opportunity to 74 yourself that being late is “ 75 stuff”Being patient will help you to see things in their right 76 . You’ll see even a difficult situation, 77 your present challenge, isn’t “life of death” but simply a minor obstac le that must be dealt with. 78 you’re needing to 79 children, your boss, or adifficult person or situation, 80 your patience level is a great way to start.C、61. A. important B. peaceful C. patient D. annoyedD、62. A. is B. was C. were D. beB、63. A. With B. Without C. Having D. PossessingA、64. A. frustrating B. exciting C. moving D. delightingB、65. A. leads B. adds C. attributes D. assigns A、66. A. essential B. especial C. special D. socialC、67. A. solves B. resolves C. involves D. evolves B、68. A. if B. even if C. unless D. as long as A、69. A. stuck B. stored C. stretched D. spoiledD、70. A. heart B. accident C. case D. moment A、71. A. before B. after C. until D. till A、72. A. hand B. limit C. level D. standard D、73. A. good B. worthwhile C. worth D. well A、74. A. remind B. ask C. restrain D. advise C、75. A. great B. big C. small D. preciousA、76. A. perspective B. perception C. percent D. performanceB、77. A. speak B. say C. tell D. utterC、78. A. What B. How C. Whether D. WhichC、79. A. put up with B. work with C. deal with D. cooperate withC、80. A. extending B. enlarging C. improving D. arisingPartⅣTranslation81. Through such movies people were exposed to martial arts and wondered how they might learnsimilar skills. An interest in martial arts as well as other things Asian started spread.通过这样的电影人接触到武术，想知道他们如何学习类似的技能。

2012高考英语试题

2012高考英语试题

2012高考英语试题The 2012 High School Entrance Examination English TestIntroduction:The 2012 High School Entrance Examination English Test is a crucial exam for students in China. It assesses students' English language proficiency and determines their admission to high schools. This article aims to provide an overview of the 2012 English test and offer insights into its format, content, and tips for success.Section 1: Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section evaluates candidates' ability to understand spoken English. It consists of a recorded dialogue or monologue followed by questions. It tests candidates' listening skills, such as identifying main ideas, understanding specific details, and inferring meaning from context. Tips for success in this section include focusing on keywords, practicing active listening, and familiarizing oneself with different accents.Section 2: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section assesses candidates' reading skills and comprehension. It consists of several passages followed by questions of various types, such as multiple-choice, matching, and true/false. The passages cover a range of topics, including literature, science, history, and culture. Strategies for success in this section include skimming and scanning techniques, identifying main ideas, and understanding context.Section 3: Cloze TestThe cloze test evaluates candidates' knowledge of vocabulary and grammar. It consists of a passage with multiple gaps, and candidates need to choose the correct word from multiple options to fill in the blanks. This section assesses candidates' ability to understand context, use appropriate vocabulary, and apply grammatical rules. To excel in this section, candidates should focus on building their vocabulary, practicing grammar exercises, and paying attention to word collocations.Section 4: WritingThe writing section tests candidates' ability to express their thoughts in written English. It requires candidates to write an essay or a letter based on a given prompt. This section assesses candidates' writing skills, coherence, and organization. To score well in this section, candidates should plan their writing, use appropriate vocabulary and sentence structures, and proofread their work for grammar and spelling errors.Conclusion:The 2012 High School Entrance Examination English Test is a comprehensive assessment of candidates' English language abilities. By understanding the format and content of each section and implementing effective strategies, candidates can enhance their chances of success. Preparation is key, and consistent practice, coupled with determination and confidence, will pave the way for a favorable outcome. Good luck to all candidates taking the exam!。

北二外2012年真题回忆版

北二外2012年真题回忆版

北二外2012年真题回忆版翻译硕士英语单选题30个（30分）（单词其实都不太难，我看着有种似曾相识的感觉，可就是弄不清意思…）阅读题4篇（40分），共15题，前两篇是选择，每篇5道，后两篇是问答题，前一篇是3道，后一篇2道，反正都是从文中找答案，难度不大。

作文（30分）是关于数字科技改变人的阅读习惯，请围绕应不应该放弃lengthy textbooks and novels in classes 写一篇文章，要求450个单词左右。

二、阅读（15题，40分）1）选择阅读第一篇BBC, Longman, Oxford 三词典新版特点比较，Longman不注重社会文化，BBC以听力新闻为材，适合学习者。

题目不算太难，有1-2题有点儿绕。

第二篇讲警察不像电视上那样潇洒，多数时间在写审犯记录。

题目不难，甚至不到专四水平。

2）简答阅读第三篇讲人类技术需要对自己负责，电脑是世纪伟大发明，带来革命。

前2题简单，第3题不是按阅读顺序出的，又返回到前面了，答案也不太好找；第四篇讲美国自负带来的影响力的衰退。

第1题简单一些，第2题问态度，不太确定对错。

三、作文（1题，30分）作文还是电子技术影响学生阅读，Should students be acquried to read lengthy textbooks and novels in their classes?400字，比往年多一百翻译基础词语翻译（汉译英）15个寿桃，春卷，红楼梦，国有企业，污水处理，国库券，短篇小说，科幻电影，国家外汇储备，综合国力，新闻发布会，扩大内需，海峡两岸关系，温带大陆性气候，义务教育（英译汉）15个，我只记下来13个HIV career , Hubble Space Telescope , CBD , activated carbon , government procurement , deposit-reserve ratio , Gaza strip , general agreement on tariff and trade ,insurance company , retail price , Body Bomb , anti-dumpling measures , Blu-ray disc ,短篇翻译英译汉：1.大意为：美国大学一月份比较忙，递交申请的人数多，纽约大学城五所学校免除学费，还送一台掌上电脑。

2012级第二学期英语口语考试题目

2012级第二学期英语口语考试题目

2012级第二学期英语口语考试题目:1. Discuss the difficulties you have in your English study. And you should be ready to find out some new learning methods to solve your problems, and improve your study habits in university.2. If you become the richest man or woman in China, what kind of life do you think you would live?3. Is there a generation gap between you and your parents? What do you think causes the generation gap? What can be done to solve the problem of it？4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet. Will the Internet isolate us from one another?5. Say something about “Father’s Day”.6. Say something about the Value of Time.7. Discuss the obstacles that you have been faced with in your life and the ways in which you overcame such difficulties.8. Are you doing part-time jobs? Why or why not? What would you do if you want to get apart- time job?9. Do you make and receive a lot of phone calls? Who do you call most often? What are good telephone manners?10. Have you had any unusual experiences? Have you read or heard about any unusual happenings? If yes, give an example.11.In recent years, fast food is very popular in China. What do you think of it? Do you like it?12.The invention of Internet has been considered as “A Double-edged Sword.” What comments do you have?13.Why do people love pets? What’s your favorite animal and why?14.What’s your favorite sport? Why?15.What do you think are the cultural differences between Chinese and American parenting?16.What do you think of advertising? Do you buy products because of advertising?17.What do you think is the biggest change in China over the past ten years?18.Does the world need more love like Mother Teresa’s or more money like Bill Gates?19. Say something about “Over-population.20.Would you like to work as a volunteer? If so, what kind of volunteer would you want to be? Why?。