外研版高中英语必修一 Module 4 重难点知识归纳总结

英语必修一Module 3、4 知识点总结一、Language points1、means n.(often pl.) 方式，方法（单复数同形）by all means 当然，务必by no means 绝不，并没有by means of… 用…方法，依靠…辨析：①mean v. 意欲，打算mean to do sth 打算做……mean doing sth 意味着……mean to have done sth = had meant to do sth 原打算做某事实际未做②用…方法（注意介词搭配）by means of…in this way with the method of2、refer toa 提到，说起He never referred to his sisters in his letters.他在信里从未提到过他的姊妹。

b 参考，咨询，查资料If you don’t know what this means, refer to the dictionary.如果你不知道这是什么意思，去查字典。

c 有关，针对The new law doesn’t refer to the land used for farming. 新法与耕地无关。

d 提交（某人或某机关考虑办理或决定）They referred their plan to the government.他们将计划提交了管理部门。

e 认为…起源于；认为…与…有关；有…归属于；归功(或咎)于；归于Mr White referred his success to his hard work. 怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作而获得的。

拓展：查字典refer to / turn to the dictionary look sth up in the dictionaryrefer to sth/sb 提到某物/某人，意指某物，涉及某人refer to … as …将……称为……3、take offa(鸟等)起跳；跳起来；(飞机等)起飞The plane took off from the airport and headed south towards Hong Kong.飞机从机场起飞往南向香港飞去。

新外研社（19）高中英语必修一Unit4Friends forever单元知识总结（一）短语1.be familiar with …对…..熟悉2.be familiar to sb.为某人所熟悉3.lose track of 不了解…..的情况，不了解…..的动态4.Keep track of 与…..保持联系；记录例句：He lost track of his good friend after graduation5.deliver sb. a lecture 给…..作报告6.thanks to 归功于…..，多亏……7.in advance 提前8. change significantly 变化显著9.social media 社交媒体10.tend to 照顾；11.tend to do sth.倾向于做…..12.enable sb.to do sth.使某人有能力做某事13.throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃14.pour in 蜂拥而至15.pour down （雨）倾盆而下16.be anxious about …为…..担心/担忧17.with anxiety 忧虑地18.postpone（=put off ）doing sth. 推迟做某事19．Make one’s fortune 发财20..ought to 应该；应当21.correspind with …与…通信联系22.turn up 1)(意外或终于)出现2）调低（音量）23.be ashamed of 对…..难为情24.work out 理解；锻炼；训练；进展顺利；算出；拟出（计划、安排）.25.face to face 面对面26.stay in touch with …和…..保持联系27.are up to 从事28.keep in mind 记住29.make friends online 网上交朋友30.make it clear to sb. that 对某人清楚表明31.be set in 以…为背景32.on earth 地球上33.figure out 计算出；理解34.hear from sb.收到某人来信35.strike the match 划火柴36.a plain clothes 便服37.step out of 迈步走出38.felt lost 感到茫然39.in my opinion（=in my view ）我认为40.in the distance 在远处（二）句型1.(教材p 39 ) As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends ,even ifhe had all other goods.As sb. said 正如某人所说As 引导的非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，并作从句的宾语。

适用精选文件资料分享高一英上册 Module4 要点法解析（外研版）高一英上册 Module4 要点法解析（外研版）在完成的用法： 1.表示去生或已完成的某一作在造成的影响或果，着眼点是在。

―Have you had your supper yet? 你吃晚了 ? ―Yes， I have just had it. 是的，我吃。

2.表示去已开始，持到在的作或状。

可以和表示从去某一刻延到在 ( 包含“ 在”在内 ) 的一段的状用：so far, up/till now, since, for the past/last few years, these few days, all the morning, for a long time等。

just ， today ，this morning，this month ，this year，since ， all the time 。

I haven’t seen my teacher this evening.今夜我没到我的老。

3. 和 already ，never ，ever ，just，before ，lately，recently，yet ，so far ，up to the present ，in the past/last few years等状用。

I have done my homework already.我已做完了家庭作。

4.常与介for，during，in，within，over等引的状用，表示去的某一行向来延到在。

I haven’t seen my English teacher in the recent years.近几年我没我的英老。

5.表示频频或性的作，常与several times ，once，twice ，three times ，frequently等度副用。

I have been to the USAonce. 我曾去美国一次。

课前预习：(设空，要学生自己查资料写出意思)survey-survivalneighborhood-neighborlocal-localize-locate-location-locatedhometown-home-townattractive-attract-attractionfortunate-fortunately-fortune-unfortunatelysound-listen-hear-soundlytourist-tourrent-rentaltraffic-traffickerorganization-organize-organizedunemployed-employed-employee-employer-employment-unemployment occupation-occupyprofessional-profession-professorexchange-changefascinating-fascinatesurvive-survivor-survivalcontact-contactor-contractstarve-starvationafford-affordable单词1，Bother/brotherDon’t they bother you?bother sb. to do sth.bother sb. with/about sth. 拿…来麻烦某人2, approach-approachable vi. vt. n. 接近/方法Now we are leaving the business district and approaching the harbor.be difficult/easy to approachan approach to…(介词)the approach of…There is no easy approach to English learning.3，Exchange交换/change改变/replace移除an exchange student交流生exchange sth. for sth.以某物交换某物I want to exchange dollars for chinese yuan.exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物We should exchange our ideas with our parents.in exchange for…作为…的交换We will pay you 5 dollars in exchange for your service.(what you have done for us)4，Afford(be able to buy)/affordableafford to do sth.afford sth.to sb.=providepay/cost/spend/take的用法5, Survive/survival/survivorVillagers in Europe are fighting to survive.He is the only person survived the accident.This old lady survived all her kids.survive sb. by…多活了…时间6, make contact with＝get in contact with与……取得联系keep in contact with与……保持联系lose contact with＝be out of contact with与……失去联系课文7，It has been six years since we last saw each other.It has been sometime since+一般过去时的句子(从句中的动词是非延续性的)自从…至今，已经有多久了It is 10 years since I came to Taiyuan.It has been sometime since+一般过去时的句子(从句中的动词是延续性的)自从不…已经多久了It is 10 years since I lived in Taiyuan.8，They have put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.(put的短语，可以借鉴初中5+3上的总结)put up 搭建/粘贴put up with 忍受put down 放下/写下/记下put away 将…收起/储存put on 穿上，上演put aside 把…放在一边put back延期/推迟/（把钟表）拨慢put out 扑灭put forward 提出（建议等）/（把钟表）拨快put off推迟/延期put through 接通电话Put across=explain=get across9，a(an) number of 许多/ the number of …的数量( number我描述可数名词)amounts of…（后面为不可数名词时用amount）A number of students would like to be admitted to universities.The number of people employed in the company is approximately 13.The total amount of money in my pocket is 2 yuan.⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫（1）a good/great many a good few/quite a few a large/great number of 修饰可数名词复数(作主语时，谓语动词用复数)⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫（2）a great/large amount of a great deal of quite a little 修饰不可数名词(作主语时，谓语动词用单数) ⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫（3）many a/an more than one 修饰可数名词单数(作主语时，谓语动词用单数) ⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫（4）a lot of ＝lots ofplenty ofa large quantity ofquantities of 既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词(作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数取决于名词)10，Pretty good/rather bad/quite(中性)资料库1，survey/investigate/search/research 研究 social survey/investigate the accident2，Neighborhood /childhoodHome -town/ Household （构词法）3，Local/nativelocal police station/ local government/ be native to/ I am native here/I am native to Pingyao./The house is 2-storeys high and is made of local stone. 4，attract/ attackThe attractive places attracted me.Do not attack others easily.5，FortunateI feel very fortunate living here./ It is fortunate to have chances to enjoy your performance. fortunatelyFortunately, we all passed the exam.feel fortunate in doing sth.be fortunate to do sth.8，District/region9，Occupation/occupyWhat is your occupation?Japan occupied Dianyu island.10，Professional/profession/professormember of professional peopleHis profession is sportsman.professor ***14，Fascinating/fascinateTaiyuan is really fascinating.The circus performance fascinated those kids.15，starve-starvationI am starving.starve to deathstarve for…hunger/hungry17，compare vt.compare A with B/ compare A to B/compared with/ compared toYou can compare Chinese with English and then you will know the difference.They compare the little girl’s face to an apple.Compared with that book, this one is more interesting.Compared to what I experienced in the past few years, that is nothing.19，This is the first time I have visited your hometown.is+现在完成was+过去完成It was the last time that I had seen her.29，You know I have seen quite a lot of china and I have visited some beautiful cities, but this is one of the most attractive places.quite a few/ quite a lotone of the ns+定语从句（….的…中的一个）He is one of my best friends that I have made in my university.32，would like / would love/ would prefer/ would ratherI would live/love/prefer to go to the party.(都是介词，后面跟名词/代词/不定式)I would rather Tom would came tomorrow. (后跟从句，用虚拟语气，一般过去时，虚拟现在或将来；过去完成时，虚拟过去)33，get away from 摆脱，脱身break away from 脱离，甩掉run away from逃离，回避take away from减少，减弱keep away from 远离get away with 做（坏事）而未受惩罚34，the reason for…的原因/ the reason of…的起因Could you please tell me the reason of his death.remaining / leftgo up/ go down/a nice little fish restaurant合成形容词(一带而过，课文中提到的)sixteen-year-old/five-story apartment/high-riseI am so glad you could come.present-presentation 礼物/出席touch-feel-taste-smell-look-turn系动词都是不及物动词，都不可以用于被动语态。

Module 4 A Social Survey —My Neighbourhood重点单词1.local adj.地方的；局部的2.hometown n.家乡3.pretty adv.很；相当4.sound vi.听起来5.tourist n.旅游者；观光客6.bother vt.打扰；烦扰；麻烦7.rent n.租金8.approach vt.接近9.starve vi.饿死10.park vt.停车11.traffic n.交通12.contact vt.联络；联系(某人) 13.exchange vt.交换重点短语put up, pay back, so far, a number of重点句型It is\has been + time + since从句This is/was＋第几次＋(that)＋sb. + have/has/had done sth.知识讲解重点短语put up【原句回放】They have put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. 他们最近建造了很多高楼大厦。

【点拨】put up搭建；张贴；举起；住宿；提高。

If you have any questions, put up your hands.如果有问题，请举手。

We can easily put you up for the night.我们可以很容易地安排你的住宿。

Please put up the timetable on the wall.请把时间表贴到墙上。

【拓展】相关短语put away 把……收起来，放好；储存put forward 提出(意见、建议等)put down 放下；写下，记下；镇压put on 穿上；戴上；上演；假装，伪装put off 推迟；拖延put out 扑灭(火)；放出；摆出；生产；出版put up with 忍受；忍耐put aside 储存；把……放到一边pay back【原句回放】He has borrowed some money from me. I hope he pays me back next week. 他从我这里借了些钱。

Module 4Ⅰ. Language Points11. be made of ﹠be made from be made in be made up ofA. be made of 由…制造（可以看出原材料）eg: The writing table is made of wood.B. be madme fro 由…制造(看不出原材料) eg: The paper is made from wood.C. be made 2n……地方制造eg：BYD (比亚迪) is made in China.D. be made up of 由…构成/组成eg: A basketball team is made up of five members.2. approach 的用法A．作为vt.(及物动词)意为“接近，靠近”，后直接跟所接近的东西eg: The dog approached the garden when the girl ran out.B. 作为n.意为“方式，方法”，后常跟介词to,构成approach to doing 句型eg: At the meeting, they discussed three different approaches to solving the problem.1.population 的用法A．“询问某地有多少人口”-----What is the population of + sp.(某地)?eg: What is the population of Yichuan?B. “回答某地有多少人口”-----sp. has a population of + 具体数字.eg: Yichuan has a population of 2000,000.C．修饰人口的多少用large 或smalleg: China has the largest population in the world.A.当全部人口作主语时，谓语动词用单数；当部分人口作主语时，谓语动词用复数eg: The population of China is larger than other countries.(全部人口作主语，谓语动词用单数) eg: About 80﹪of Chinese population are peasants.(农民) (部分人口作主语，谓语动词用复数)2.afford 的用法sth.afford 意为“能够/不能支付得起”to do sth.eg: I can afford this coat. = I can afford to buy this coat.3.“许多大，大量的”A. + 可数名词复数：many a good/ great many a large/ great number of 谓语动词用复数B. + 不可数名词：much a great deal of a large amount of 谓语动词用单数C. + 两可：a lot of=lots of plenty of (这两个短语作主语时谓语动词形式依据名词是否可数来确定)a large quantity of (作主语，谓语动词用单数)large quantities of (作主语，谓语动词用复)A lot of students in this school have passed the exam.(后接了可数名词复数，所以谓语动词用复数)Lots of food is eaten by the guests.(客人) （后接了不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数）A large quantity of milk is wasted. (a large quantity of 作主语，谓语动词用单数)Large quantities of milk are wasted. (large quantities of 作主语，谓语动词用复数)4.多个形容词作主语时的顺序：“限冠形龄颜国材”Ten strong young Chinese students are taking part in the boat race.7. 半系动词：包括5个感官动词(look, sound, smell, taste, feel); remain; keep 最大特点：后接形容词，无进行於被动语态。

英语必修一Module 3、4 知识点总结一、Language points1、means n.(often pl.) 方式，方法（单复数同形）by all means 当然，务必by no means 绝不，并没有by means of… 用…方法，依靠…mean v. 意欲，打算mean to do sth 打算做…… mean doing sth 意味着……mean to have done sth = had meant to do sth 原打算做某事实际未做②用…方法（注意介词搭配）by means of… in this way with the method of2、refer toa提到，说起He never referred to his sisters in his letters.他在信里从未提到过他的姊妹。

b参考，咨询，查资料If you don’t know what this means, re fer to the dictionary.如果你不知道这是什么意思，去查字典。

c有关，针对The new law doesn’t refer to the land used for farming. 新法与耕地无关。

d提交（某人或某机关考虑办理或决定）They referred their plan to the government.他们将计划提交了管理部门。

e认为…起源于；认为…与…有关；有…归属于；归功(或咎)于；归于Mr White referred his success to his hard work.怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作而获得的。

refer to / turn to the dictionary look sth up in the dictionaryrefer to sth/sb提到某物/某人，意指某物，涉及某人refer to … as …将……称为……3、take offa(鸟等)起跳；跳起来；(飞机等)起飞The plane took off from the airport and headed south towards Hong Kong.飞机从机场起飞往南向香港飞去。

外研版必修1 Module 41.in a/the suburb 在郊区in the countryside 在乡村2.be made from 经过化学变化的组成be made of 可以看出原材料的组成pare with …与…比较in comparison with 与……相比较4.be fortune to do sth./ be fortune in doing sth. 做某事感到幸运5.bother sb. with/about sth. 因某事打扰某人bother sb. to do sth. 打扰某事做某事bother to do sth. 费心做某事have no/little bother (in) doing sth. 做某事不费力have much bother (in) doing sth. 做某事很费力6.be starving for sth. （非常饿）想吃……，渴望……be starved of/for 缺乏……starve sb. 使某人挨饿7.so far 到目前为止up to now=till now 直到现在8.be born of 出身于……be born to be 注定会成为；注定要做……9.exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物exchange……for……用……兑换in exchange for 换取……10.congratulate sb. on (doing) sth. 祝贺某人某事offer/send one’s congratulation to sb. on sth. 因某事向某人送去祝贺11.sth. remain(s) to be done 某事尚得做It remains to be seen……还有待证实12.afford sth. 买得起afford to do sth. 承担/负担得起做某事13.survive from 从……中留存下来14. 重要句型：It is /has been +一段时间+since+一般过去时（从句中的动词为非延续性动词）自从……至今已经多长时间了○1This/It is the + 序数词+time +从句（从句用完成时）这是第几次做某事○2The +序数词+time+从句（常用过去式）。

Unit 4 词组总结1.be familiar with . 对.熟悉2. be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉3.lose track of不了解..的情况，不了解...的动态4.Keep track of与...保持联系; 记录例句: He lost track of his good friend after graduation5.deliver sb. a lecture ...作报告6.thanks to 归功...多亏..7.in advance提前8. change significantly 变化显著9.tend to 照顾, 10tend to do sth.倾向于.11.enable sb.to do sth.使某人有能力做某事12.throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃13pour in蜂拥而至15.pour down (雨) 倾盆而下14.be anxious about ..担心/担忧17.with anxiety忧虑地15.postpone (=put off ) doing sth, 推迟做某事16，Make one's fortune发财17correspind wit..通信联系18.turn up 1)(意外或终于)出现2)调低(音量)19.be ashamed of对...难为情20.work out 理解:锻炼;训练;进展顺利;算出;拟出(计划、安排) .21.face to face面对面22.stay in touch with ...保持联系23.are up to从事24.make friends online网上交朋友25．make it clear to sb. that对某人清楚表明26．be set in以为背景27.figure out计算出;理解28.hear from sb,收到某人来信29.strike the match划火柴30.a plain clothes便服31.step out of迈步走出32.felt lost感到茫然33.in the distance在远处。

Module 4 A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood一、重点单词写准并记牢核心单词1．sound v i.听起来2．bother v t.打扰；麻烦3．exchange v t.交换4．contact v t.联络；联系(某人)5．approach v t.& v i.接近→approachable adj.可接近的；平易近人的6．afford v t. 买得起；有能力支付起→affordable adj. 能承担得起的→affordably ad v. 支付得起地7．survive v i. 死里逃生；大难不死→survival n. 幸存→survivor n. 幸存者8．attractive adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的→attract v t. 吸引→attraction n. 吸引；名胜9．fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉祥的→unfortunate adj. (反义词)不幸的→fortunately ad v.幸运地；吉祥地→fortune n. 运气；财富→misfortune n. (反义词)不幸10．starve v i. 饿死→starvation n. 饿死；挨饿11．tourist n. 旅游者；观光客→tour v t.& n. 旅游；观光→tourism n. 旅游业12．occupation n. 职业→occupy v. 占用；占据→occupied adj. 忙碌的；被占用的13．professional adj. 专业的→profession n. 职业；专业14．unemployed adj. 失业的；没有工作的→unemployment n. 失业→employment n. (反义词)就业；工作；职业→employ v t. 雇用→employer n. 雇主→employee n. 雇员15．neighbourhood n. 四邻；街坊→neighbour n. 邻居阅读单词16．fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的17．pretty ad v. 很；相当18．survey n．& v. 调查全国卷这样考过单句填空1．( ·全国卷Ⅱ)So information was exchanged (exchange), but it wasn't a true, intentional back and forth.2．( ·全国卷Ⅱ)He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's misfortune (fortune)．3．( ·全国卷Ⅲ)At the Plaza Theater, employees (employ) were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups.4．( ·全国卷Ⅲ) This attractive (attract) tour takes you to some of San Francis's most cheerful holiday scenes.5．( ·全国卷Ⅰ) Approaching (approach) the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.6．( ·全国卷Ⅰ)Today, we are fortunate (fortune) to have a special guest with us.单句改错(每题最多两处错误)1．(全国卷)Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbours, we're hoping to settle something that bothers to us.去掉bothers后的to2．(全国卷)It is a very important exam and I can't afford to failing it.failing→fail二、重点短语写准并记牢1.put up 修建2．pay back 归还；偿还3．so far/up to now/till now 到目前为止4．get away from 摆脱5．a great many/a number of 许多；大量6．make it 做成；成功7．at weekends 在周末8．go up 上升9．make money 挣钱10．as a result 结果全国卷这样考过选用左栏短语填空1．( ·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)You will find a great many/a number of books on Tang poems.2．( ·全国卷Ⅰ)In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough orfast enough to prove we could do it on our own.3．( ·全国卷)He hopes to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a gift for his mother and some seeds for his bird.4．( ·全国卷)She practiced hard and finally made it．5．(全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, the plants are growing everywhere.三、经典句式背会原句句式1 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ... 表示“自从……已经多长时间了”It's been six years since we last saw each other, you know.你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已经六年了。

Unit4 Developing ideas重难点词汇1.fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款教材原文The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.第二天早晨我就要动身去西部发财了经典例句①I am very fortunate to have a good teacher.我很幸运有一位好老师。

②Now there are many young men dreaming of making a fortune without hard work.现在，有很多年轻人梦想不努力工作就可以发大财。

③Fortunately, the fire was discovered soon after it started.幸运的是，火刚着不久就被发现了。

④I called on you yesterday，but unfortunately you were out.昨天我去探访你了，但不幸的是，你出去了。

应用佳句（2017课标I，阅读理解D）Unfortunately，you must carry the necessary equipment with you.遗憾的是，你必须随身带上必需的设备…2. agree v.同意；赞成；商定教材原文Well，we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions migh be or from what distance we might have to come,嗯，那天晚上我们约定，恰好在二十年后的今日此刻，我们将在这里再次见面，不管我们的情况如何，也不管我们可能要从多远的地方赶来。

经典例句①In a way I agree with Mary.在某种程度上我同意玛丽的意见。

Unit4.Friends forever 重点知识点：SectionA.①click v.点击(鼠标)②lose track of不了解……的情况，不了解…的动态③the way of doing sth.做某事的方法④deliver v.递送，传送⑤thanks to归功于………，多亏………⑥advance n.进步，进展※ in advance提前⑦communicate with sb.与某人交流⑧significantly adv.重大地，显著地⑨stay in touch with与…保持联系⑩social media社交媒体11. be up to sth.忙于某事12.maintain v.保持，维持13.wi-fi n.无线网络，无线上网14.digital adj.数字的，数码的※the digital age数字时代a digital camera数码相机15. enable v.使可能，使发生※enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事16.unusual ad.异常的,不平常的17.play an instrument演奏乐器18. connect… with…把…与联系起来19. friend vt.(社交网站上)加为好友20. meaningful adj.有意义的21. keep in mind that将……牢记于心22.site n.网站23.tend v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事※tend to do sth.易于做某事，往往会做某事24.update n.最新消息25.make sb. do sth.让某人做某事※变为被动语态时，do前省略的不定式符号to要带上。

26.saying n.格言，谚语，警句27.criminal n.罪犯28. throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃※ bathwater .n浴水，洗澡水29. acquire v.获得，得到30.a longing for sth.对某物的渴望31.remain link v.仍然是;保持不变32.choose to do sth.选择做某事33. even if ＝even though即使;尽管34.goods /gudz/n.商品原文长难句分析：1、How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends?.---moving to a new town是现在分词短语，在从句中作主语。

Module4 知识点总结重点短语：1.attractive (adj) 吸引人的2.fortunate (adj) 幸运的3.It sounds great. (sound听起来+adj)It sounds like a good idea. （sound like听起来像+n）4.bother (v) 打扰5.rent （v）租用（n）租金（“......的租金”用介词for.如：the rent for an apartment）6. approach （v）靠近（n）方法（“......的方法”用介词to）7. pretty (adj) 漂亮的(adv)相当；很8.starve (vi) 饿死(e.g. I am starving.快要饿死了)9.park (v) 停车(n) 公园10. lively (adj) 活泼的；充满活力的11. be made of 由......制成（能看出原材料）be made from 由......制成（看不出原材料）12.put up houses修建（房屋）put up tents 搭建（帐篷）put up posters 张贴（海报）13.employment (n) 就业14.exchange students 交换生15.get away from 逃离；摆脱16.a great many+复数n “许多”a number of +复数n “许多”（谓语动词用复数）The number of+复数n “...的数量”（谓语动词用单数）*注：此处谓语动词的单复数为考察重点The number of students is 55.A number of students are studying in the classroom.17.make it 做成功18.remain (v) 保持19.afford （v）买得起20.survive (v) 幸存21.contact sb. 联系（某人）22.go up 上升go down下降23.What’s the climate like?=How’s the climate?重点语法：1.since的用法①since引导的时间状语从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时②It is/has been +时间段+since从句“自从......已经多久了”③since+点时间（since 1999）2.现在完成时1.当出现so far/up to now/till now(到目前为止)；these days；for+段时间；since+点时间/从句等时间状语，或already，yet等副词时，句子的时态用现在完成时。

必修一第四模块重难点解析1. It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know.你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已过去六年了。

It has been/is + 一段时间+ since + 表示：自从……以来已有多长时间了典例：It has been five years since I left my hometown.自从我离开家乡，时间已过去五年了。

It’s three years since he left for Australia. 自从他去加拿大以来已三年了。

= Three years have passed since he left for Australia.It has been half a year since his departure from Qingdao.自从他离开青岛以来，已过去半年了。

注意：since 可用作介词，也可用作连词，其后可接名词，也可接从句。

即时反馈练习：_____________________________________________自从我开始研究英语语法以来，时间已过去七年了。

答案：It is/has been seven years since I began to study English grammar.2. And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.这是我第一次访问你的家乡。

This is the first/second/third time +现在完成时的从句表“这是某人首次/第二次/第三次做某事”典例：This the third time I have told you not to bring you cellphone into the class.这是我第三次告诉你不要把手机带到课堂上来。