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初中定语从句讲解及练习

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初中定语从句讲解及练习一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

* 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why* 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句* 1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.* 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(2) The man (who/whom )you met just now is my friend.* 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)* 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)(2) Where is the man （that/whom ）I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)* 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?* 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1、只能使用that,不用which 的情况：* 1）当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。

Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。

* 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。

例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop .那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food .我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

* 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。

例如：My necklace is not the only thing that's missing .我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。

* 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who ，以避免重复。

例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？* 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。

例如：The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。

2、只用which不用that的情况：* 1) 关系代词前有介词时；e.g. This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2)非限定性定语从句中；作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。

e.g. That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.* 3) 先行词本身是that时；e.g. The clock is that which tells the time非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

（非限)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you这里有人要和你说话(限制性)* 4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。

在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。

He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.* 关系代词whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom 与which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。

例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.三、关系副词引导的定语从句* 1、when：当主句中的先行词(即主句中被后面定语从句修饰的词)是表示时间意义的名词时，它只能作定语从句的时间状语，放在定语从句句首。

如果定语从句的引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语，则要改用关系代词that或which来引导。

例如：I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.The days when we used foreign oil are gone. 我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了。

I'll never forget the day when I was born. (=I'll never forget my birthday.) 我永远不会忘记我出生的日子。

It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold. 这事发生在天气又湿又冷的十一月。

The day (that) I always remember in all my life is my birthday. 我一生中最难忘的日子是我的生日。

(that作定语从句"that I always remember in all my life"的宾语，that可以省略)* 2、where：当主句中的先行词是表示地点意义的名词时，它只能作其所在的定语从句的地点状语，放在定语从句的句首。

如果定语从句的引导词作该定语从句的主语或宾语时，也要改用关系代词that或which来引导。

例如：The factory where his father works is in the east of the cityThis is the room where (＝in which) I lived last year. 这就是我去年住过的房间。

Is this the classroom where(=in which) the old worker is going to make/give us a report? 这就是那位老工人要给我们做报告的教室吗？Let's look for a place where we can swim. 咱们找一个可以游泳的地方吧。

The building that is being built over there will be a new hospital. 正在那边建的楼房将是一家新医院。

(引导词that作定语从句"that is being built over there"的主语)That is the factory (that) they visited last month. 那就是他们上个月参观过的工厂。

(引导词that作定语从句"(that) they visited last month"的宾语，that可以省略)* 注意：不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when，在地点名词后就一定用关系副词where，在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。

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初中定语从句详解及练习附答案

初中定语从句详解及练习附答案

定语从句详解及练习附答案第一部分:基础知识（一）．定语从句概述定语可以由形容词，代词，数词,名词，不定式,介词短语来充当。

如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句,又可称为形容词性从句。

定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟先行词。

定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。

(二）．定语从句的引导词.定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose ）和关系副词( when, where，why ），引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是,它又在定语从句中作一个成分。

（三）．关系代词1。

that 指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语.This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday。

2。

which 指物，在从句中作主语,宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语，或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人，在从句中作主语,宾语。

The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster。

The man who you just talked to is Tom。

4。

whom 指人，在从句中作宾语。

That is the professor whom you want to know。

5. whose 指人，物，在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s，后接一名词.I know the boy whose parents are dead。

I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.注:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。

中考定语从句讲解与练习精选全文完整版

中考定语从句讲解与练习精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版中考定语从句讲解与练习一、定语从句的概述在复合句中修饰或限定名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句。

被定语从句修饰或限定的名词、代词叫做先行词；引导定语从句的词叫做引导词。

定语从句放在所修饰、限定的词（先行词）之后。

例1：The boy who is reading a story book is my brother. 那个正在读一本故事书的男孩是我的兄弟。

在这句话中，who is reading a story book.是定语从句。

它修饰、限定the boy，the boy是先行词，引导定语从句的who是引导词。

二、定语从句的分类：定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

1. 限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况，与先行词的关系非常密切，翻译时一般要译到先行词的前面；如果去掉，则整个句子的意思含混不清。

A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人。

2. 非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用，译为汉语时常不译作定语，而是根据句意译为相应的其他形式的从句。

它与主句的关系不如限制性定语从句密切，只是对先行词作附加说明，既使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚。

非限制性定语从句前往往有逗号与主句隔开，如非限制性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号与隔开。

Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.昨天，吉米动身到加拿大去了，他曾在那儿呆了两年。

三、定语从句的引导词引导定语从句的词称为引导词，它一方面连接先行词和定语从句；别一方面又在定语从句中充当句子成份，引导词一般不能按照疑问代词或疑问副词的意义进行翻译，一般情况下应译为“……的”。

定语从句的引导词可为分为关系代词和关系副词。

初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及答案

初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及答案

初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及答案定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.every day & everydayevery day“每天”，作时间状语。

everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。

eg: She learns some everyday English everyday. 她每天学一些日常英语。

He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。

2. between & amongbetween 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。

eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。

They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话【固定搭配】to do / doing在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter.forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day.2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the stre et yesterday.stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library.3.try to do 尽力做某事 I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。

try doing 试着做某事 Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事I regret to say that I can’t go with you.regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English.【关系代词引导的定语从句】（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

初中英语定语从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析

初中英语定语从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析

初中英语定语从句解题技巧解说及练习题( 含答案 ) 及分析一、定语从句1．-- Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you.--We will. Miss Chen.A． whichB． whomC． whoD． whose【答案】 C【分析】句意：——同学们，你们应当感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。

——陈小姐，我们会的。

which 指引定语从句，修饰事物，作主语、宾语和表语；whom 指引定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who 指引定语从句，修饰人，作主语或宾语。

whose 指引定语从句，修饰人或物，作定语；此处修饰先行词people ，表示人，作定语从句的主语，故用who 。

应选 C。

2．When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common.A． what B． who C． where D． that【答案】D【分析】【详解】句意：当我们提及文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。

观察定语从句的指引词。

依据句意：当我们提及文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。

逗号后边的句中是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是life ，表示“物”，用指引词that ，在从句中做宾语。

what不可以指引定语从句。

先行词“人”，指引词常用who 。

where在定语从句是中做地址状语。

应选D。

【点睛】指引定语从句的关系词包含关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as ；关系副词有 when, where, why 。

关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充任必定的句法成份。

关系代词在从句中充任动词的宾语时一般能够省略。