贵州大学研究生英语阅读教程提高级-课后习题(整理版)

研究生英语阅读教程课后答案Lesson 21. The story about the Brothers Grimm may evoke warm memories of story time in the comforting arms of a parent.A. recallB. createC. releaseD. collect2. One of the secrets of successful travel lies in always turning adversity to your advantage.A. unfamiliarityB. explorationC. pleasureD. difficulties3. The claws of bears may be used to climb trees, rip open nests and beehives, or catch prey.A. clearB. tearC. throwD. dig4. The analysts are dissecting intrusions and other attacks that have breached their computer systems.A. interceptingB. fightingC. analyzingD. discussing5. He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturb anyone.A. unlessB. whenC. so thatD. in case6. As the unemployment lines lengthened and factories closed, there was talk of apocalypse.A. emergencyB. uncertaintyC. disasterD. reduction7. The odor of the hospital was so unforgiving that every so often she would bring the cloud of white flowers to her nose.A. unexpectedB. uniqueC. impressiveD. terrible8. Critics argue that the lavish park itself is incongruous a country where around half the population lives below the poverty line.A. inappropriateB. creativeC. unnecessaryD. enjoyable9. Many believed optimistically the news would soothe markets, but it seems to have had the opposite effect.A. pushB. misleadC.calmD. discourage10. A stoical person tends to show admirable patience and endurance in the face of adversity without getting upset.A. confidentB. uncomplainingC. unconventionalD. reliable Lesson 4①1. During the lecture all the audience listened to China's first astronaut with rapt admiration.A. obscureB. obviousC. obligedD. obsessed2. Most of her colleagues didn't like her because she was adept at the fine art of irritating people.A. ambitiousB. annoyingC. skillfulD. scornful3. In the schools today we need, more than ever, the training of deft hands, quick eyes and ears, and above all the broader, deeper, higher culture of gifted minds and pure hearts.A. skillfulB. cleverC. delicateD. elegant4. At last the judge decided to give the custody of the child to his father.A. supervisionB. cateringC. raisingD. fostering5. Denver residents continued to dig out from what was called the worst blizzard in nearly a century.A. catastropheB. disasterC. snowstormD. landslide6. After all, the candidate was endorsed governor's board and many of the local party members.A. ignoredB. rejectedC. sponsoredD. supported7. His expression gave temporary meaning to a set of features but it was nondescript．A. unclearB. distinctiveC. impliedD. ambiguous8. She came home spouting off about the subjects she was taught at school and basked in her teacher's praise.A. pridedB. enjoyedC. criticizedD. narrated9. It was evident that the administrative officials did not believe the excuse that he held forth for the delayed delivery.A. liedB. toldC. emphasizedD. compiled10. When Frank heard that the war had started, it didn't sink in for a long time until his father was drafted into the army.A. be understoodB. be acceptedC. be takenD. be illustrated②1. Plants will lose their when they are heavily trimmed.A. voyageB. vitalityC. vogueD. virgin2. It was generally conceded that the net result of the incident was calculated to make Eisenhower mad enough to force him to re-electionA. run forB. compete inC. apply toD. line up with3. Mick entered the V ocational High School, and in order to get to know her new classmates, she ______ a partyA. castB. launchedC. flungD. threw4. Alice Moore refused to learn what they required. She couldn't see the necessity of ______ for those that would only appear in the examinations.A. clappingB. crammingC. clashingD. creeping5. The listeners were _______ by his magic eloquence and ready to stand by him in his boldest flights.A. agonizedB. thrilledC. disturbedD. interfered6. We remained until our ship was repaired, and after that, we set sail for England, our ________ port being London.A. doomedB. denotedC. despairedD. destined7. Seeds of various types-wheat grains, beans, and nuts-form the bulk of human food. But not all seeds are ______ to either humans or insects; many contain toxins.A. palatableB. primitiveC. peculiarD. permanent8. Continuing violence could ________ the progress towards reform.A. hold on B .hold up C.hold down D.hold off9. A bill passed _______ by both houses in August requires states to set up systems for withholding child support payments from the wages and state tax refunds of those persons.A.anonymously B .autonomously C.unanimously D.enormously10. After about an hour all the participants ________ with the regulations and each other.A.warmed up B .made up C.mixed up D.wound upLesson 61. Another common use of the tag question is in small talk when the speaker is trying to _____ conversation: "Sure is hot here, isn't it?"A.illicitB.elicitC.solicitD. explicit2. Napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription service yet again, after running into serious problems in its talks with other firms. So here is Napster's ________: Still not ready.A.refrainB.renownC.restraintD.retention3. The path from initial lab work on a drug to final approval of the drug by the Food &Drug Administration is a long and ______ process.A. hilariousB. notoriousC. industriousD. laborious4.When I was a child, I always refused to write thank-you notes for birthday presents from a faraway relative. My mother would _ me and say, "Paul, you must learn to be polite."A.glideB.slideC.abideD.chide5. A(n) ________ memory may be a good thing, but the ability to forget is the true token of greatness.A. attentiveB. inattentiveC. retentiveD. irretentive6. There's still a great deal of ______ on the weapons of mass destruction, which despitewhat President Bush and Prime Minister Blair say, have not yet been found.A. evidenceB. skepticismC. knowledgeD. consensus7. Even though exercise has many positive benefits, too much can be harmful. Teens who exerciseare at risk for both physical and psychological problems. A. comparatively B. competitively C. compulsively D. comprehensively8. Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate. But others were _______, driving the young women crazy by complaining to them all the time.A. querulousB. fabulousC. pretentiousD. conscientious9. There is nothing more fascinating than observing citizens of many different nationalities_______and exchanging greetings in an international airport.A. singlingB. dinglingC. jinglingD. mingling10. When Dallas police notified the hospital that President Kennedy had been shot, at first, the young neurosurgeon thought it was a _______.A. blankB. flankC. prankD. frank Lesson 71. Upon hearing these critical remarks, he was in a complete state of bewilderment and did not know what to do next.A. astonishmentB. frustrationC. depressionD. perplexity2. For many women, the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in a rape case can be too much to bear.A. promisingB. embarrassingC. hauntingD. upsetting3. The company's disappointing sales figures are an ominous sign of worse thing to come.A. disgracefulB. disgustingC. scandalousD. threatening4. He said that people are too obsessed with utopian visions that will never come, instead of thinking of the quality of life now.A. promisingB. unrealisticC. unbelievableD. unprecedented5. We eliminated the possibility that it could have been an accident because it was so well timed.A.elicitedB.despisedC.removedD.elevated6. Things would never change if people weren't prepared to experiment with new teaching methods.A. endeavorB. campaignC. swerveD. try7. The national interest is more important than the sectional and personal interests of individual politicians.A. segregatedB. factionalC. inviolableD. dismantled8. Despite differences in background and outlook, their partnership was based on mutual respect, trust and understanding.A. unilateralB. reciprocalC. obligatoryD. optional9. Desirous of knowing something about the operations, I stood and watched the spectacle with great interest.A. Desperate forB. Desirable ofC. Detached fromD. Deprived of10. He spoke eloquently with the self-effacing humor that has endeared him to the American press.A. elegantlyB. persuasivelyC. arrogantlyD. expressivelyLesson 91. When she manners arose to speak in their assemblies, her commanding figure and dignified manners ______ every trifler into silence.A. rushedB. hushedC. cashedD. pushed2. In many of his paintings of towns, harbors, and rivers, Marquet showed a particular gift for simplification that seized ________ upon the essentials in the scene before him.A. unexpectedlyB. unavoidablyC. unerringlyD. unbelievably3. The old gentleman was so much immersed in business, that he was unable to _______ much attention upon me.A. bestowB. bewilderC. bewareD. betray4. The most famous ______ whiteface clown is Felix Adler, who performed in the early andmid-20th century.A. picturesqueB. uniqueC. techniqueD. grotesque5. By the 1st century B.C., Roman power was growing and Greek influence had begun toA. waneB. waverC. weaveD. warp6. To starboard, at Hurghada, behind ______ ranks of coral reefs, lay the important Marine Biological Station of the University of Egypt.A. severeB. serriedC. seducedD. sentimental7. At first, the downturn was confined to industries most sensitive to high interest rates. But ____, the loss of income in these areas had a ripple effect throughout the economy.A. inexorablyB. intensivelyC. inevitablyD. infinitely8. The puppet theater combines three elements: the puppets; the chanters who sing and ______for the puppets; and the players of the three-stringed instrument.A. declineB. reclaimC. declaimD. proclaim9. This is your daily life; to me it is like a scene from a play, over which one sighs to see the curtain fall-all _______, all light, all happiness.A. enchantmentB. engagementC. enlargementD. endurance10. "It was really rural when we moved here," says Stanley. "But these newcomers are _______ the rural atmosphere."A.justifyingB. citifyingC. ratifyingD. simplifyingLesson 111. The supporters of GM foods say that it should be possible to make foods that are less likely to trigger allergies.A. preventB. reduceC. causeD. transfer2. The relationship between men and their cars would terminate in the event of irreparable mechanical breakdown (equivalent to the death of a spouse) .A. endB. declineC. failD. proceed3. The combination of miscommunication, ignored warnings and general hubris is virtually guaranteed disaster.A. misunderstandingB. misconductC. angerD. arrogance4. Despite an occasional glimmer of hope, this campaign has not produced any results.A. proofB. indicationC. releaseD. consequence5. These kids had been further insulated by their wealthy families from reality with the privilege that money could buy.A. protectedB. awokenC. coveredD. isolated6. I found myself constantly pondering the question: "How could anyone do these things?"A. arguingB. answeringC. repeatingD. considering7. Interactive technology augments traditional methods with new and yet-to-be invented collaboration tools ranging from e-mail to Web109S to digital video to peer-to-peer systems.A. communicationB. entertainmentC. cooperationD. improvement8. For people who feel too intimidated or shy to ask questions during class, the Internet creates a "safe environment" to speak their mind. Online, nobody knows who you are.A. frightenedB. frustratedC. depressedD. disappointed9. On this day after September 11, most planes were still grounded; the skies were eerily quiet.A. particularlyB. unusuallyC. mysteriouslyD. pleasantly10. Considered by many archaeologists to be the first human civilization, Sumer has yielded many huge stone carvings. Deciphered, they described "gods" who came from another planet in flying machines.A. InspiredB. InterpretedC. ImprovedD. ImplantedLesson 131. In the Renaissance, fresco painting on walls and ceilings largely gave way to ______ painting in oils, but wall painting returned to popularity in the 20th century.A. eraB. easelC. earnestD. echo2. White marble busts of Shakespeare, Dickens, Hawthorne and Irving _______ through the trailing ivy from the various comers.A. glistenedB. glancedC. glaredD. glided3. As Hank ventured this last remark in a cautious manner, he scraped the _______ of the walk with one foot while he slyly noted the reception of his venture by an upward cast of his eye.A. cliffB. curbC. gravelD. glamour4. They had an air of dignity and independence in their manners, which formed a striking contrast to the _______ and servile appearance of the Slave.A. erectingB. straightC. proudD. crouching5. The sun coming down the heavens was scattering its beams full and fair against the vine clad ________and windows.A. hutB. ceilingC. eavesD. beam6. Drunkenness is temporary suicide; the happiness that it brings is merely negative, a _____ cessation of unhappiness.A. momentousB. momentaryC. momentumD. monetary7. Though he looked thin and weak, he could run _____ fast in the 1,000 meters race.A. darnedB. diligentC. deviousD. dizzy8. He was seated in the rear lobby, _______by cushions in a comfortable rocking-chair.A. took upB. propped upC. brought upD. set up9. The darkness came very early. Then the electric lights ________.A. turned onB. got onC. took onD. came on10. All of us were very surprised to find that they had completed the difficult task in ______haste.A. fatalB. perishedC.deadlyD. passed二、翻译题Lesson21、It is a cliche,as it is to take of apocalypse and nightmare, but when something is beyond our experience,we reach for the points of reference we have.说到世界末日和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的经验时，我们总会寻找现有的东西作为参照。

Lesson 11. Yesterday’s terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives. 昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。

2. “We are going to have to learn what a lot of other countries have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,” said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “We’re getting a lesson in the way fear works.”佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯?费格里说:“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。

”他还说:“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。

”3. In a country long proud and even boastful of its openness—a country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescorted—the terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many government buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings.美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼中闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。

Lesson 1√1. Yesterday’s terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives.昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。

2. “We are going to have to learn what a lot of other countries have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,”said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “We’re getting a lesson in the way fear works.”佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯?费格里说:“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。

”他还说:“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。

”3. In a country long proud and even boastful of its openness—a country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescorted—the terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many government buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings.美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼中闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。

Lesson 2The story about the Brothers Grimm may evoke warm memories of story time in the comforting arms of a parent.（关于格林兄弟的故事可以唤起父母在安慰的怀抱中对故事时间的温暖回忆。

）A.recallB. createC. releaseD. collect1.One of the secrets of successful travel lies in always turning adversity to youradvantage.（成功旅行的秘诀之一就是总是把逆境变成你的优势。

）A.unfamiliarityB. explorationC. pleasureD.difficulties.2.The claws of bears may be used to climb trees , rip open nests and beehives, orcatch prey.（熊的爪子可以用来爬树，撕开巢蜂房，或捕捉猎物。

）A.clearB. tearC. throwD. dig3.The analysts are dissecting intrusions and other attacks that have breached theircomputer systems.分析人员正在剖析侵入他们电脑系统的入侵和其他攻击。

A.interceptingB. fightingC. analyzingD. discussing4.He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturb anyone.他整天呆在房间里，戴着耳机以免打扰任何人。

A.unlessB. whenC. so thatD. in case5.As the unemployment lines lengthened and factories closed, there was talk ofapocalypse.随着失业线的延长和工厂的关闭，人们谈论着天启？。

研究生英语阅读教程（提高级-第三版）教师用书.新编研究生英语系列教程研究生英语阅读教程（提高级/第三版）Lesson 1Spillonomics: Underestimating Risk (1)Lesson 2Humbled by Nature, Humble by Culture (9) Lesson 3How We Broke the Murdoch Scandal (14)Unit Two Reading Biographies and Personal Recollections Lesson 4 BillClinton (21)Lesson 5Steve Jobs (39)Lesson 6 A Beautiful Mind (42)Unit Three Reading EssaysLesson 7 A Christmas Sermon on Peace (57)Lesson 8Left for Dead (64)Lesson 9Spell of the Rising Moon (68)Unit Four Reading Scientific andTechnical ArticlesLesson 10OurPicture of the Universe (74)Lesson 11Mind over Machine (87)Lesson 12 2 Inches Between Life, Death (95)Unit Five Reading Short Stories andNovelsLesson 13Cat in the Rain (101)Lesson 14The Stolen Party (106)Lesson 15 A Summer’s Reading (109)课文全文参考译文 (113)Unit One Reading News ReportsLesson 1Spillonomics: Underestimating RiskKEYS TO EXERCISES. Reading ComprehensionA.1. B (Paragraph 1: Years before the Deepwater Horizon rig blew, BP was developing a reputation as an oil company that took safety risks to save money.)2. C (Paragraph 1: None other than Joe Barton, a Republican congressman from Texas and a global-warmi ng skeptic… none other than: used to emphasize the surprising identity of a person or thing 正是，恰是)3. D (Paragraph 4: For all the criticism BP executives may deserve, they are far from the only people to struggle with such low-probability, high-cost events. Nearly everyone does.)4. B (Paragraph 4: When an event is difficult to imagine, we tend to underestimate its likelihood. This is the proverbial black swan.)5. C (Paragraph 6: After the 9/11 attacks, Americans canceled plane trips and took to the road. There were no terrorist attacks in this country in 2002, yet the additional driving apparently led to an increase in traffic fatalities.)6. B (Paragraph 7: When the stakes are high enough, it falls to government to help its citizens avoid these entirely human errors. The market, left to its own devices, often cannot do so.)7. D (Paragraph 8: Federal law helped them underestimate the costs.)8. A (Paragraph 10: The big financial risk is no longer a housing bubble. Instead, it may be the huge deficits that the growth of Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security will cause in coming years—and the possibility that lenders will eventually become nervous about extending credit to Washington.)9. A (Paragraph 12: Nothing like that has ever happenedbefore. Even imagining it isdifficult. It is much easier to hope that the odds of such an outcome are vanishingly small. In fact, it’s only natural to have this hope. But that doesn’t make it wise.)10. D (The whole text.)B.Reasons BehindWrong Actions Consequences Suggested SolutionsDeepwater HorizonObsession with profits Cost cutting BP should be fully aware ofSafety could not be the potential risks and spendguaranteed more money to make theirHuman weakness Underestimating the risksfacilities safer.Congress and the Obamaadministration should takeA 1990 Congress law put a Federal law helped BPsensible steps, like liftingGovernment policy cap on spiller’s liability for executives underestimatethe liability cap and freeingcleanup cost at $75 million. the costs of damages.regulators from the sway ofindustry.. V ocabularyⅡA.1. C2. B3. C4. B5. A6. D7. D8. D9. C10. AB.1. cap2. In the wake of3. proverbial4. stem from5. odds6. given7. come what may8. Far from9. sway 10. In retrospectⅢ. Cloze1. wisdom2. tend3. shrink4. unexpected5. puzzle6. came up with7. severe 8. altered 9. Regardless of 10. necessarilyⅣ. Translation1. 就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度、来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP 管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心”。

课文全文参考译文第一课漏油经济：低估风险戴维伦哈特·[1] 回想起来，模式似乎很清楚。

早在“深水地平线”钻机自爆前的很多年，BP 石油公司为了省钱甘冒安全的风险就已经声名狼藉。

2005 年得克萨斯州炼油厂爆炸中有15 名工人丧生。

联邦监管机构和前国务卿詹姆斯·贝克三世领导的专门小组认为，削减成本是事故的部分原因。

第二年，阿拉斯加腐蚀的管道将石油漏入普拉德霍湾。

就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度、来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP 管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心”。

[2] 这种冷漠大部分源于对利润的过度追求，不管出现什么情况。

但似乎也还有另一个因素在起作用，一个更普遍的人性的因素。

BP 的管理人员在估计似乎不太可能发生但一旦发生就会带来巨大损失的事件真正会发生的可能性时，犯了一个可怕的错误。

[3] 也许理解这一点最简单的方法就是思考一下BP 高管们如今的想法。

显然，考虑到清理费用和对BP 声誉的影响，高管们真希望可以回到过去，多花些钱让“深水地平线”更安全。

他们没有增加这笔费用就表明他们认为钻机在当时的状态下不会出问题。

[4] 尽管针对BP 高管的所有批评可能都是他们应得的，但是他们绝不是唯一艰难应对这种低概率、高成本事件的人。

几乎每个人都会如此。

“这些正是我们人类处理时很难做出合理反应的一类事件，”哈佛大学环境经济学家罗伯特·斯塔文斯说。

我们经常犯两种基本且性质相反的错误。

当一件事情是很难想象的，我们往往会低估它的可能性。

这就是众所周知的黑天鹅（稀有之物）现象。

大多数在“深水地平线”工作的人可能从未经历过钻井平台爆炸。

因此他们认为这不会发生，至少不会发生在他们身上。

[5] 同样，不久以前，本·伯南克和艾伦·格林斯潘也喜欢称全国房地产市场没有泡沫，因为以前从未有过泡沫。

华尔街交易员也持同样观点，他们建立的数学模型根本不存在房价下降的可能性。

贵州大学研究生英语阅读教程提高级第三版复习资料汇总Lesson 3A.1、It was like a parent trying to coax a lying child into admitting an obvious truth.A punishB persuadeC criticizeD release2、Zofi tended to write long and detailed e-mails,bur her boss always zapped backterse single-word responses .A briefB forcefulC difficultD complex3、Benny Anvi scolded the dog,which become fiercer and looked nearly ready topounce.A back offB lie downC bite onD spring forward4、Working with the wrong company could potentially distort my image andultimately chip away at the faith of my fans .A strengthenB weakenC keepD lose5、The photographs takan at Belsen and other camps led to widespread and intenserevulsion towards Nazi Germany.A criticismB disgustC punishmentD attack6、It is only the paintaking people who can live a brilliant life .A optimisticB confidentC patientD diligent7、When one considers our world from such a perspective,the need for accptanceand understanding becomes glaringly apprent .A obviouslyB increasinglyC possiblyD reliably8、That is one reason why this conflict grinds remorselessly from decade to decade .A dramaticallyB silentlyC endlesslyD regretfully9、Overzealous and effective theft detection and prevention creates an atmosherethat is likely to intimidate innocent customers.A encourageB reassureC frightenD surprise10、He called the success a vindication of his party’s free-market economic policy.A justificationB supportC stimulusD projectB.In the know pay off wend one’s way deliberately telling Incremental rip (sth) up dead in the water every so often in place1、Every so often Mother takes an opportunity to remind us that eating animals eventually bite us back.2、Spain and Greeece’s bears are unlikely to survive unless stict protection programs are put in place.3、we talked to agents,managers,publishers,lawyers and others in the know to come up with our estimates.4、We are seeking continuous,incremental improvements,not great breakthroughs.5、Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.6、The government has been involved in a disinformation campaign, deliberately misleading its citizens.7、She took every photograph of me that was in our house and angrily ripped it up.8、The inability to sell these very popular models doesn’t leave Toyota dealers deadin the water but it comes very ,very close.9、The most telling condemnation of the system was that it failed to fulfill its function.10、Today’s investors lack the patients to hang on for years as ideas wend their way from the lab to the market.Lesson 4A.1、During the lecture all the audience listened to china’s first astronaut with raptadmiration.A obscureB obviousC obligedD obsessed2、Most of her colleagues didn’t like her because she was adept at the fine art ofirritating people.A ambitiousB annoyingC skillfulD scornful3、In the schools today we need, more than ever, the training of deft hands,quickeyes and ears ,and above all thebroader,deeper,higher culture of gifted mindand pure hearts.A skillfulB cleverC delicateD elegant4、At last the judge decided to give the custody of the child to his father.A supervisionB cateringC raisingD fostering5、Denver residents continued to dig out from what was called the worst blizzard innearly a century.A catastropheB disasterC snowstormD landslide6、After all ,the candidate was endorsed by the governor’s board and many of thelocal party members.A ignoredB rejectedC sponsoredD supported7、His expression gave temporary meaning to a set of features but it wasnondescript.A unclearB distinctiveC impliedD ambiguous8、She came home spouting off about the subjects she was taught at school andbasked in her teacher’s praise.A pridedB enjoyed C. criticized D narrated9、It was evident that the administrative officials did not believe the excuse that heheld forth for the delayed delivery.A liedB toldC emphasizedD compiled10、When frank heard that the war had started ,it didn’t sink in for a long timeuntil his father was drafted into the army.A be understoodB be acceptedC be takenD be illustratedB.1、Plants will lose their when they are heavily trimmed.A voyageB vitalityC vogueD virgin2、It was generally conceded that the nst result of the incident was calculated to make Eisenhower mad enough to force him to re-electionA run forB compete inC apply toD line up with3、Mick entered the V ocational High School,and in order to get to know her newclassmates,she a party.A castB launchedC flungD threw4、Alice Moore refused to learn what they required.She couldn’t see the necessity of for those that would appear in the examinations.A clappingB crammingC clashingD creeping5、The listeners were by his magic eloquence and ready to stand by him in his boldest flights.A agonizedB thrilledC disturbedD interfered6、We remained until our ship was repaired,and after that,we set sail for England,our port being Londom.A doomedB denotedC despairedD destined7、Seeds of various typles--wheat grains,beans,and nuts--form the bulk of human food.But not all seeds are to either humans or insects ,many contain toxins.A palatableB primitiveC peculiarD permanent8、Continuing violence could the progress towards reform.A hold onB hold upC hold downD hold off9、A bill passed by both houses in August requires states to set up systems for withholding child support payments from the wages and states tax refunds of those persons.A anonymouslyB autonomouslyC unanimouslyD enormously10、After about an hour all the participants with the regulations and each other.A warmed upB made upC mixed upD wound upLessson 6A.1、another common use of the tag question is in small talk when the speaker istrying to _____ conversation:”sure is hot here,isn’t it?”A IllicitB elicitC solicitD explicit2、napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription service yetagain,after running into serious problems in its talks with other firms .so hereis napster’s _____ ：still not ready.A refrainB renownC restraintD retention3、The path from initial lab work on a drug to final approval of the drug by thefood &drug administration is a long and _____ process.A hilariousB notoriousC industriousD laborious4、When I was a child,I always refused to write thank-you notes for birthdaypresents from a faraway relative.my mother would _____ me andsay,”paul ,you must learn to be polite.”A glideB slideC abideD chide5、A(a) ____ memory may be a good thing,but the ability to forget is the truetoken of greatness.A attentiveB inattentiveC retentiveD irretentive6、There’s still a great deal of _____ on the weapons of mass destruction ,whichdespite what president bush and prime minister blair say,have not yet beenfound.A evidenceB skepticismC knowledgeD consensus7、Even though exercise has many positive benefits,too much can beharmful.teens who exercise_____ are at risk for both physical andpsychological problems.A comparativelyB competitivelyC compulsively Dcomprehensively8、Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate.but others were ____,drivingthe young women crazy by complaining to them all the time.A querulousB fabulousC pretentiousD conscientious9、There is nothing more fascinating than observing citizens of many differentnationalities _____ and exchanging greetings in an international airport.A singlingB dinglingC jinglingD mingling10、When dallas police notifed the hospital that president kennedy had beenshot,at first,the young neurosurgeon thought it was a ____.A blankB flankC prankD frankB.Thumb nose at obsess with single out brust onto on the lookout for More often than not superior to obscure disregard get along1、He picked up things that he thought people were throwing away and still had life.He was very upset that people were very quick to disregard things of value.2、Looking for life elsewhere is a tough task.The good news is that the scientists are on the lookout for extraterrestrials signs and scientific tools to search for extraterrestrial life are advancing rapidly.3、They are not so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports.On the contrary,they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams.4、People remember only what is interesting and useful to them,what helps them make sense of the world,or helps them get along in it.5、My husband reacted with irritation because he felt the comments implied: Y oure is not a real marriage, I am superior to you because my wife and I have avoided your misfortune.6、Airlines are thumbing nose at the plan to modernize Los Angeles Internstional Airport because their financial problems would make it difficult for them to pay for the renovation.7、The Green Party of Pennsylvania has the burst onto politicalvsense in 2001 with unprecedented energy and vigor and Green voter registration has more than quadrupled.8、Before he went to university,Peince William had gone off to the jungles of South America and worked on rather obscure farms in England.9、More often than not , we tend to get stressed and disturbed by life’s endless ups and downs. Y ou have the choice to remain the same or change it to your advantage.10、Following the terrrorist attacks,there have been reports of beating and killings of Arabs.As an African American,I am outraged by the single\ing out of ArabAmericans and Muslims.Lesson 7A.1、Upon hearing these critical remarks ,he was in a complete state ofbewilderment and did not know what to do next.A astonishmentB frustrationC depressionD perplexity2、For many women ,the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in a rape casecan be too much to bear.A promisingB embarrassingC hauntingD upsetting3、The company’s disappointing sales figures are an ominous sign of worsething to come.A disgracefulB disgustingC scandalousD threatening4、He said that people are too obsessed with utopian visions that nevercome,instead of thinking of the quality of life now.A promisingB unrealisticC unbelievableD unprecedented5、We eliminated the possibility that it could have been an accident because itwas so well timed.A elicitedB despisedC removedD elevated6、Things would never change if people weren’t prepared to experiment withnew teaching methods.A endeavorB campaignC swerveD try7、The national interest is most important than the sectional and personalinterests of individual politicians.A segregatedB factionalC inviolableD dismantled8、Despite differences in background and outlook,their partnership was basedon mutual respect,trust and understanding.A unilateralB reciprocalC obligatoryD optional9、Desirous of knowing something about the operations ,I stood and watchedthe spectacle.A desperate forB desirable ofC detached fromD deprived of10、He spoke eloquently with the self-effacing humor that endeared him to theAmerican press.A elegantlyB persuasivelyC arrogantlyD expressivelyB.Go all out believe in boil down to trample in pursuit ofContend in the final analysis transcend justify be born of1、His arrogance is born of a conviction that he is a superior being with better education and family backgrounds.2、The investigation term promised to go all out to find out about the cause of the accident in the shortest possible time.3、The results of the study have certainly justified the huge amout the money that was spent on this long-term project.4、Having read these touching stories,you will certainly believe in the fundamental goodness of human nuture.5、Fortunately the acting and photography are so good that they somehow manage to transcend the limitations of the film’e plot.6、For Malcolm what matters most in his life could always be boil down toone idea:being good in business.7、What distinguishes all the species of plants and animals is, in the final analysis ,differences in the way carbon atoms choose to bond.8、Several people were trampled to death when the stadium collapsed and the crowd rushed out onto the football pitch.9、The lawyer contented in court that her client had never been near the sence of the crime.10、The company has been in pursult of Holton for some time,but so far he has rejected all their offers.Lesson 9A.1、When she arose to speak in their assemblies ,her commanding figure anddignified manners _____ every trifler into silence.A rushedB hushedC cashedD pushed2、In many of his paintings of towns,harbors,and rivers ,marquet showed aparticular gift for simplification that seized_____upon the essentials in thescene before him.A unexpectedlyB unavoidablyC unerringlyD unbelievably3、The old gentleman was so much immersed in business ,that he was unable to____ much attention upon me.A bestowB bewilderC bewareD betray4、The most famous _____ whiteface clown is felix adler,who performed in theearly and mid-20th century.A picturesqueB uniqueC techniqueD grotesque5、By the 1st century B.C,roman power was growing and greek influence hadbegun to _____.A waneB waverC weaveD warp6、To starboard ,at hurghada,behind _____ ranks of coral reefs,lay the importantmarine biological station of the university of Egypt.A severeB serriedC seducedD sentimental7、At first,the downturn was confined to industries most sensitive to highinterest rates.but ______,the loss of income in these areas had a ripple effectthroughout the economy.A inexorablyB intensivelyC inevitablyD infinitely8、The puppet theater combines three elements:the puppets;the chanters whosing and ____ for the puppets;and the players of the three-stringedinstrument.A declineB reclaimC declaimD proclaim9、This is your daily life; to me it is like a scene from a play,over which onesighs to see the curtain fall-all _____,all light ,all happiness.A enchantmentB engagementC enlargementD endurance10、“it was really rural when we moved here,”says Stanley.”but these newcomersare _____ the rural atmosphere.”A justifyingB citifyingC ratifyingD simplifyingB.Strand swoop loom up cricket crowd intoSmudge stall tug at slipped into stay clear of1、Sudden gestures would drive sharks away for a moment ,but they came back almost at once.If we turned our backs to them,they would swoop at our legs.2、The male cricket produce his courtship song by rubbing a grooved ridge on the enderside of one of his front wings against the sharp edge of the other front wing.3、Early ballpoint pens did not write well,they tended to ship,and the slow-drying oil-based ink smudge easily.4、In August,the enemy’s drive against the city,which had been stalled by floods in late June and July, was renewed.5、In an ionic substance ,the positive ion often tugs at the electrons on the negative ion.6、The risk of a heart attack for patients with a history of heart problems goes up by 35-50 percent during the winter months ,so doctors warm heart patients stay clear of the cold.7、Last month, protected CDs with technology designed to discourage customers form making copies on their PCs quietly slipped into stores.8、On January 21,2001,thousands of people cowded into the National Mall to be witness to the inauguration of the 43rd President George W.Bush.9、In low visibility ,the diver never knows what he will find on any dive and may suddenly see a huge ship loom up out of the underwater fog.10、Insidde the airport hundreds of passengers are still stranding by the snowstorm.Lesson 12A.1、The explosion sent pieces of metal and glass through the air.A walkingB flashingC hurtlingD struggling2、I could make out a dark figure in the .A btighnessB clearanceC faintnessD twilight3、Put the fish in the and it’ll only take 5 minutes.A microphoneB microwaveC siliconD chip4、As you get older your bones become increasingly .A brittleB brilliantC brightenedD bleachable5、It’s often cheaper if you buy wallpaper , rather than having to order it.A off the shelfB out of dateC custom-fittedD off-cuts6、A close inspection revesled minute cracks in the aircraft’s and wings.A faceB interfaceC fuselageD fuse7、He was interested in when he was only a child,beacuse he wantedd to be an astronantA outskirtB circumstanceC aerospaceD suburb8、I heard a massive explosion and ground beneath me .A hoppedB shudderedC enduredD paralyzed9、In his twenty years working for the company,Joe Pearson made a(n) / impression on it.A inexcusableB indelibleC consumableD conclusive10、is a row of black lines on something you buy,that a computer reads to find the price.A BarcodeB JetlagC PostcodeD PricelistB.Keep track seek to live with back and forth come close toIn a sense be up in the air despite consolidate into worry about1、After years and years of hard work.he was finally come colse to achieving his goals.2、He consilidated his business into one large company.3、She had understood nothing,nor had she sought to understand.4、In a sense , he’s right by sauing that everyboby is a student.5、Our plans for the summer are up in the air .Noboby is sure what is going to happen.6、He changes jobs so often--I find it hard to keep track of what is going to happen.7、She’s always worrying about her son,who isn’t on good terms with his playmates.8、I’m still pleased with the house despite all the problems we’ve had.9、They discussed it back and for it ,without getting very far.10、It’s a problem she’s going to have to live with .Lesson 41 、Bill Clinton was hard to miss in the autumn of 1970. He arrived at Y ale Law School looking more like a Viking than a Rhodes Scholar returning from two years at Oxford.. He was tall and handsome somewhere beneath that reddish brown beard and curly mane of hair. He also had a vitality that seemed to shoot out of his pores.1970年秋天，你想不注意比尔-克林顿也不容易。

Spillonomics: Underestimating Risk漏油经济：低估风险David LeonhardtPublished: June 1, 2010[1] In retrospect, the pattern seems clear. Years before the Deepwater Horizon [həˈraɪzn] rig[rɪɡ] blew, BP was developing a reputation as an oil company that tooksafety risks to save money. An explosion at a Texas[ˈtɛksəs]refinery [rɪˈfaɪnəri] killed 15 workers in 2005, and federal regulators and a panel led by James A. Baker III, the former secretary of state, said that cost cutting was partly to blame. The next year, a corroded [kəˈrəʊd]pipeline in Alaska poured oil into Prudhoe Bay, upbraided[ʌpˈbreɪd] BP managers for their “seeming indifference to safety and environmental issues. ['ɪʃju:z]”[1] 回想起来，模式似乎很清楚。

早在“深水地平线”钻机自爆前的很多年，BP石油公司为了省钱甘冒安全的风险就已经声名狼藉。

2005年得克萨斯州炼油厂爆炸中有15名工人丧生。

联邦监管机构和前国务卿詹姆斯·贝克三世领导的专门小组认为，削减成本是事故的部分原因。

研究生英语阅读教程课后答案Lesson 21. The story about the Brothers Grimm may evoke warm memories of story time in the comforting arms of a parent.A. recallB. createC. releaseD. collect2. One of the secrets of successful travel lies in always turning adversity to your advantage.A. unfamiliarityB. explorationC. pleasureD. difficulties3. The claws of bears may be used to climb trees, rip open nests and beehives, or catch prey.A. clearB. tearC. throwD. dig4. The analysts are dissecting intrusions and other attacks that have breached their computer systems.A. interceptingB. fightingC. analyzingD. discussing5. He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturb anyone.A. unlessB. whenC. so thatD. in case6. As the unemployment lines lengthened and factories closed, there was talk of apocalypse.A. emergencyB. uncertaintyC. disasterD. reduction7. The odor of the hospital was so unforgiving that every so often she would bring the cloud of white flowers to her nose.A. unexpectedB. uniqueC. impressiveD. terrible8. Critics argue that the lavish park itself is incongruous a country where around half the population lives below the poverty line.A. inappropriateB. creativeC. unnecessaryD. enjoyable9. Many believed optimistically the news would soothe markets, but it seems to have had the opposite effect.A. pushB. misleadC.calmD. discourage10. A stoical person tends to show admirable patience and endurance in the face of adversity without getting upset.A. confidentB. uncomplainingC. unconventionalD. reliable Lesson 4①1. During the lecture all the audience listened to China's first astronaut with rapt admiration.A. obscureB. obviousC. obligedD. obsessed2. Most of her colleagues didn't like her because she was adept at the fine art of irritating people.A. ambitiousB. annoyingC. skillfulD. scornful3. In the schools today we need, more than ever, the training of deft hands, quick eyes and ears, and above all the broader, deeper, higher culture of gifted minds and pure hearts.A. skillfulB. cleverC. delicateD. elegant4. At last the judge decided to give the custody of the child to his father.A. supervisionB. cateringC. raisingD. fostering5. Denver residents continued to dig out from what was called the worst blizzard in nearly a century.A. catastropheB. disasterC. snowstormD. landslide6. After all, the candidate was endorsed governor's board and many of the local party members.A. ignoredB. rejectedC. sponsoredD. supported7. His expression gave temporary meaning to a set of features but it was nondescript．A. unclearB. distinctiveC. impliedD. ambiguous8. She came home spouting off about the subjects she was taught at school and basked in her teacher's praise.A. pridedB. enjoyedC. criticizedD. narrated9. It was evident that the administrative officials did not believe the excuse that he held forth for the delayed delivery.A. liedB. toldC. emphasizedD. compiled10. When Frank heard that the war had started, it didn't sink in for a long time until his father was drafted into the army.A. be understoodB. be acceptedC. be takenD. be illustrated②1. Plants will lose their when they are heavily trimmed.A. voyageB. vitalityC. vogueD. virgin2. It was generally conceded that the net result of the incident was calculated to make Eisenhower mad enough to force him to re-electionA. run forB. compete inC. apply toD. line up with3. Mick entered the V ocational High School, and in order to get to know her new classmates, she ______ a partyA. castB. launchedC. flungD. threw4. Alice Moore refused to learn what they required. She couldn't see the necessity of ______ for those that would only appear in the examinations.A. clappingB. crammingC. clashingD. creeping5. The listeners were _______ by his magic eloquence and ready to stand by him in his boldest flights.A. agonizedB. thrilledC. disturbedD. interfered6. We remained until our ship was repaired, and after that, we set sail for England, our ________ port being London.A. doomedB. denotedC. despairedD. destined7. Seeds of various types-wheat grains, beans, and nuts-form the bulk of human food. But not all seeds are ______ to either humans or insects; many contain toxins.A. palatableB. primitiveC. peculiarD. permanent8. Continuing violence could ________ the progress towards reform.A. hold on B .hold up C.hold down D.hold off9. A bill passed _______ by both houses in August requires states to set up systems for withholding child support payments from the wages and state tax refunds of those persons.A.anonymously B .autonomously C.unanimously D.enormously10. After about an hour all the participants ________ with the regulations and each other.A.warmed up B .made up C.mixed up D.wound upLesson 61. Another common use of the tag question is in small talk when the speaker is trying to _____ conversation: "Sure is hot here, isn't it?"A.illicitB.elicitC.solicitD. explicit2. Napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription service yet again, after running into serious problems in its talks with other firms. So here is Napster's ________: Still not ready.A.refrainB.renownC.restraintD.retention3. The path from initial lab work on a drug to final approval of the drug by the Food &Drug Administration is a long and ______ process.A. hilariousB. notoriousC. industriousD. laborious4.When I was a child, I always refused to write thank-you notes for birthday presents from a faraway relative. My mother would _ me and say, "Paul, you must learn to be polite."A.glideB.slideC.abideD.chide5. A(n) ________ memory may be a good thing, but the ability to forget is the true token of greatness.A. attentiveB. inattentiveC. retentiveD. irretentive6. There's still a great deal of ______ on the weapons of mass destruction, which despitewhat President Bush and Prime Minister Blair say, have not yet been found.A. evidenceB. skepticismC. knowledgeD. consensus7. Even though exercise has many positive benefits, too much can be harmful. Teens who exerciseare at risk for both physical and psychological problems. A. comparatively B. competitively C. compulsively D. comprehensively8. Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate. But others were _______, driving the young women crazy by complaining to them all the time.A. querulousB. fabulousC. pretentiousD. conscientious9. There is nothing more fascinating than observing citizens of many different nationalities_______and exchanging greetings in an international airport.A. singlingB. dinglingC. jinglingD. mingling10. When Dallas police notified the hospital that President Kennedy had been shot, at first, the young neurosurgeon thought it was a _______.A. blankB. flankC. prankD. frank Lesson 71. Upon hearing these critical remarks, he was in a complete state of bewilderment and did not know what to do next.A. astonishmentB. frustrationC. depressionD. perplexity2. For many women, the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in a rape case can be too much to bear.A. promisingB. embarrassingC. hauntingD. upsetting3. The company's disappointing sales figures are an ominous sign of worse thing to come.A. disgracefulB. disgustingC. scandalousD. threatening4. He said that people are too obsessed with utopian visions that will never come, instead of thinking of the quality of life now.A. promisingB. unrealisticC. unbelievableD. unprecedented5. We eliminated the possibility that it could have been an accident because it was so well timed.A.elicitedB.despisedC.removedD.elevated6. Things would never change if people weren't prepared to experiment with new teaching methods.A. endeavorB. campaignC. swerveD. try7. The national interest is more important than the sectional and personal interests of individual politicians.A. segregatedB. factionalC. inviolableD. dismantled8. Despite differences in background and outlook, their partnership was based on mutual respect, trust and understanding.A. unilateralB. reciprocalC. obligatoryD. optional9. Desirous of knowing something about the operations, I stood and watched the spectacle with great interest.A. Desperate forB. Desirable ofC. Detached fromD. Deprived of10. He spoke eloquently with the self-effacing humor that has endeared him to the American press.A. elegantlyB. persuasivelyC. arrogantlyD. expressivelyLesson 91. When she manners arose to speak in their assemblies, her commanding figure and dignified manners ______ every trifler into silence.A. rushedB. hushedC. cashedD. pushed2. In many of his paintings of towns, harbors, and rivers, Marquet showed a particular gift for simplification that seized ________ upon the essentials in the scene before him.A. unexpectedlyB. unavoidablyC. unerringlyD. unbelievably3. The old gentleman was so much immersed in business, that he was unable to _______ much attention upon me.A. bestowB. bewilderC. bewareD. betray4. The most famous ______ whiteface clown is Felix Adler, who performed in the early andmid-20th century.A. picturesqueB. uniqueC. techniqueD. grotesque5. By the 1st century B.C., Roman power was growing and Greek influence had begun toA. waneB. waverC. weaveD. warp6. To starboard, at Hurghada, behind ______ ranks of coral reefs, lay the important Marine Biological Station of the University of Egypt.A. severeB. serriedC. seducedD. sentimental7. At first, the downturn was confined to industries most sensitive to high interest rates. But ____, the loss of income in these areas had a ripple effect throughout the economy.A. inexorablyB. intensivelyC. inevitablyD. infinitely8. The puppet theater combines three elements: the puppets; the chanters who sing and ______for the puppets; and the players of the three-stringed instrument.A. declineB. reclaimC. declaimD. proclaim9. This is your daily life; to me it is like a scene from a play, over which one sighs to see the curtain fall-all _______, all light, all happiness.A. enchantmentB. engagementC. enlargementD. endurance10. "It was really rural when we moved here," says Stanley. "But these newcomers are _______ the rural atmosphere."A.justifyingB. citifyingC. ratifyingD. simplifyingLesson 111. The supporters of GM foods say that it should be possible to make foods that are less likely to trigger allergies.A. preventB. reduceC. causeD. transfer2. The relationship between men and their cars would terminate in the event of irreparable mechanical breakdown (equivalent to the death of a spouse) .A. endB. declineC. failD. proceed3. The combination of miscommunication, ignored warnings and general hubris is virtually guaranteed disaster.A. misunderstandingB. misconductC. angerD. arrogance4. Despite an occasional glimmer of hope, this campaign has not produced any results.A. proofB. indicationC. releaseD. consequence5. These kids had been further insulated by their wealthy families from reality with the privilege that money could buy.A. protectedB. awokenC. coveredD. isolated6. I found myself constantly pondering the question: "How could anyone do these things?"A. arguingB. answeringC. repeatingD. considering7. Interactive technology augments traditional methods with new and yet-to-be invented collaboration tools ranging from e-mail to Web109S to digital video to peer-to-peer systems.A. communicationB. entertainmentC. cooperationD. improvement8. For people who feel too intimidated or shy to ask questions during class, the Internet creates a "safe environment" to speak their mind. Online, nobody knows who you are.A. frightenedB. frustratedC. depressedD. disappointed9. On this day after September 11, most planes were still grounded; the skies were eerily quiet.A. particularlyB. unusuallyC. mysteriouslyD. pleasantly10. Considered by many archaeologists to be the first human civilization, Sumer has yielded many huge stone carvings. Deciphered, they described "gods" who came from another planet in flying machines.A. InspiredB. InterpretedC. ImprovedD. ImplantedLesson 131. In the Renaissance, fresco painting on walls and ceilings largely gave way to ______ painting in oils, but wall painting returned to popularity in the 20th century.A. eraB. easelC. earnestD. echo2. White marble busts of Shakespeare, Dickens, Hawthorne and Irving _______ through the trailing ivy from the various comers.A. glistenedB. glancedC. glaredD. glided3. As Hank ventured this last remark in a cautious manner, he scraped the _______ of the walk with one foot while he slyly noted the reception of his venture by an upward cast of his eye.A. cliffB. curbC. gravelD. glamour4. They had an air of dignity and independence in their manners, which formed a striking contrast to the _______ and servile appearance of the Slave.A. erectingB. straightC. proudD. crouching5. The sun coming down the heavens was scattering its beams full and fair against the vine clad ________and windows.A. hutB. ceilingC. eavesD. beam6. Drunkenness is temporary suicide; the happiness that it brings is merely negative, a _____ cessation of unhappiness.A. momentousB. momentaryC. momentumD. monetary7. Though he looked thin and weak, he could run _____ fast in the 1,000 meters race.A. darnedB. diligentC. deviousD. dizzy8. He was seated in the rear lobby, _______by cushions in a comfortable rocking-chair.A. took upB. propped upC. brought upD. set up9. The darkness came very early. Then the electric lights ________.A. turned onB. got onC. took onD. came on10. All of us were very surprised to find that they had completed the difficult task in ______haste.A. fatalB. perishedC.deadlyD. passed二、翻译题Lesson21、It is a cliche,as it is to take of apocalypse and nightmare, but when something is beyond our experience,we reach for the points of reference we have.说到世界末日和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的经验时，我们总会寻找现有的东西作为参照。

课文全文参考译文第一课漏油经济：低估风险戴维伦哈特·[1] 回想起来，模式似乎很清楚。

早在“深水地平线”钻机自爆前的很多年，BP 石油公司为了省钱甘冒安全的风险就已经声名狼藉。

2005 年得克萨斯州炼油厂爆炸中有15 名工人丧生。

联邦监管机构和前国务卿詹姆斯·贝克三世领导的专门小组认为，削减成本是事故的部分原因。

第二年，阿拉斯加腐蚀的管道将石油漏入普拉德霍湾。

就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度、来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP 管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心”。

[2] 这种冷漠大部分源于对利润的过度追求，不管出现什么情况。

但似乎也还有另一个因素在起作用，一个更普遍的人性的因素。

BP 的管理人员在估计似乎不太可能发生但一旦发生就会带来巨大损失的事件真正会发生的可能性时，犯了一个可怕的错误。

[3] 也许理解这一点最简单的方法就是思考一下BP 高管们如今的想法。

显然，考虑到清理费用和对BP 声誉的影响，高管们真希望可以回到过去，多花些钱让“深水地平线”更安全。

他们没有增加这笔费用就表明他们认为钻机在当时的状态下不会出问题。

[4] 尽管针对BP 高管的所有批评可能都是他们应得的，但是他们绝不是唯一艰难应对这种低概率、高成本事件的人。

几乎每个人都会如此。

“这些正是我们人类处理时很难做出合理反应的一类事件，”哈佛大学环境经济学家罗伯特·斯塔文斯说。

我们经常犯两种基本且性质相反的错误。

当一件事情是很难想象的，我们往往会低估它的可能性。

这就是众所周知的黑天鹅（稀有之物）现象。

大多数在“深水地平线”工作的人可能从未经历过钻井平台爆炸。

因此他们认为这不会发生，至少不会发生在他们身上。

[5] 同样，不久以前，本·伯南克和艾伦·格林斯潘也喜欢称全国房地产市场没有泡沫，因为以前从未有过泡沫。

华尔街交易员也持同样观点，他们建立的数学模型根本不存在房价下降的可能性。

最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改贵州大学研究生英语阅读教程提高级第三版词汇及翻译答案Lesson 21、The story about the brothers grimm may evoke warm memories of story time in the comforting arms of a parent.A recallB createC releaseD collect2、One of the secrets of successful travel lies in always turning adversity to your advantage.A unfamiliarityB explorationC pleasureD difficulties3、 The claws of bears may be used to climb trees, rip open nests and beehives ,or catch prey.A clearB tearC throwD dig4、The analysts are dissecting intrusions and other attacks that have breached their computer systems.A interceptingB fightingC analyzingD discussing5、He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturb anyone.A unlessB whenC so thatD in case6、As the unemployment lines lengthened and factories closed,there was talk of apocalypse. A emergency B uncertainty C disaster D reduction7、The odor of the hospital was so unforgiving that every so often shewould bring the cloud of white flowers to her nose.A unexpectedB uniqueC impressiveD terrible8、Critics argue that the lavish park itself is incongruous in a country where around half the population lives below the poverty line.A inappropriateB creativeC unnecessaryD enjoyable9、Many believed optimistically the new would soothe markets ,but it seems to have had the opposite effect.A pushB misleadC calmD discourage10、A stoical person tends to show admirable patience and endurance in the face of adversity without getting upset.A confidentB uncomplainingC unconventionalD reliableLesson 41、 During the lecture all the audience listened to china’s first astronaut with rapt admiration.A obscureB obviousC obligedD obsessed2、Most of her colleagues didn’t like her because she was adept at the fine art of irritating people.A ambitiousB annoyingC skillfulD scornful3、In the schools today we need, more than ever, the training of deft hands,quick eyes and ears ,and above all the broader,deeper,higher culture of gifted mind and pure hearts.A skillfulB cleverC delicateD elegant4、At last the judge decided to give the custody of the child to his father.A supervisionB cateringC raisingD fostering5、 Denver residents continued to dig out from what was called the worst blizzard in nearly a century.A catastropheB disasterC snowstormD landslide6、After all ,the candidate was endorsed by the governor’s board and many of the local party members.A ignoredB rejectedC sponsoredD supported7、 His expression gave temporary meaning to a set of features but it was nondescript.A unclearB distinctiveC impliedD ambiguous8、She came home spouting off about the subjects she was taught at school and basked in her teacher’s praise.A pridedB enjoyed C. criticized D narrated9、It was evident that the administrative officials did not believe the excuse that he held forthfor the delayed delivery.A liedB toldC emphasizedD compiled10、When frank heard that the war had started ,it didn’t sink in for a long time until his father was drafted into the army.A be understoodB be acceptedC be takenD be illustratedLesson 61、Another common use of the tag question is in small talk when the speaker is trying to _____ conversation:”sure is hot here,isn’t it?”A IllicitB elicitC solicitD explicit2、Napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription service yet again,after running into serious problems in its talks with other firms .so here is Napster’s _____ ：still not ready.A refrainB renownC restraintD retention3、The path from initial lab work on a drug to final approval of the drug by the food &drug administration is a long and _____ process.A hilariousB notoriousC industriousD laborious4、When I was a child,I always refused to write thank-you notes for birthday presents from a faraway relative.my mother would _____ me and say,“Paul ,you must learn to be polite.”A glideB slideC abideD chide5、A(a) ____ memory may be a good thing,but the ability to forget is the true token of greatness. A attentive B inattentive C retentive D irretentive6、There’s still a great deal of _____ on the weapons of mass destruction ,which despite what president bush and prime minister blair say,have not yet been found.A evidenceB skepticismC knowledgeD consensus7、Even though exercise has many positive benefits,too much can be harmful.teens who exercise_____ are at risk for both physical and psychological problems.A comparativelyB competitivelyC compulsivelyD comprehensively8、Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate.but others were____,driving the young women crazy by complaining to them all the time.A querulousB fabulousC pretentiousD conscientious9、There is nothing more fascinating than observing citizens of many different nationalities _____ and exchanging greetings in an international airport.A singlingB dinglingC jinglingD mingling10、 When Dallas police notified the hospital that President Kennedy had been shot,at first,the young neurosurgeon thought it was a____.A blankB flankC prankD frankLesson 71、 Upon hearing these critical remarks ,he was in a complete state of bewilderment and did not know what to do next.A astonishmentB frustrationC depressionD perplexity2、For many women ,the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in a rape case can be too much to bear.A promisingB embarrassingC hauntingD upsetting3、The company’s disappointing sales figures are an ominous sign of worse thing to come.A disgracefulB disgustingC scandalousD threatening4、He said that people are too obsessed with utopian visions that never come,instead of thinking of the quality of life now.A promisingB unrealisticC unbelievableD unprecedented5、We eliminated the possibility that it could have been an accident because it was so well timed.A elicitedB despisedC removedD elevated6、 Things would never change if people weren’t prepared to experiment with new teaching methods.A endeavorB campaignC swerveD try7、The national interest is most important than the sectional and personal interests of individual politicians.A segregatedB factionalC inviolableD dismantled8、Despite differences in background and outlook,their partnership was based on mutual respect,trust and understanding.A unilateralB reciprocalC obligatoryD optional9、 Desirous of knowing something about the operations ,I stood and watched the spectacle.A Desperate forB Desirable ofC Detached fromD Deprived of10、He spoke eloquently with the self-effacing humor that endeared him to the American press.A elegantlyB persuasivelyC arrogantlyD expressivelyLesson 91、When she arose to speak in their assemblies ,her commanding figure and dignified manners _____ every trifler into silence.A rushedB hushedC cashedD pushed2、In many of his paintings of towns,harbors,and rivers , Marquet showed a particular gift for simplification that seized_____upon the essentials in the scene before him.A unexpectedlyB unavoidablyC unerringlyD unbelievably3、 The old gentleman was so much immersed in business ,that he was unable to ____ much attention upon me.A bestowB bewilderC bewareD betray4、 The most famous _____ whiteface clown is Felix Adler,who performed in the early and mid-20th century. A picturesque B unique C technique D grotesque5、 By the 1st century B.C,roman power was growing and Greek influence had begun to _____.A waneB waverC weaveD warp6、To starboard ,at Hurghada,behind _____ ranks of coral reefs,lay the important marine biological station of the university of Egypt.A severeB serriedC seducedD sentimental7、At first,the downturn was confined to industries most sensitive to high interest rates.but ______,the loss of income in these areas had a ripple effect throughout the economy.A inexorablyB intensivelyC inevitablyD infinitely8、The puppet theater combines three elements:the puppets;the chanters who sing and ____ for the puppets;and the players of the three-stringed instrument.A declineB reclaimC declaimD proclaim9、 This is your daily life; to me it is like a scene from a play,over which one sighs to see the curtain fall-all _____,all light ,all happiness.A enchantmentB engagementC enlargementD endurance10、“it was really rural when we moved here,”says Stanley.”but these newcomers are _____ the rural atmosphere.”A justifyingB citifyingC ratifyingD simplifyingLesson 111、The supporters of GM foods say that it should be possible to make foods that are less likely to trigger allergies.A preventB reduceC causeD transfer2、The relationship between men and their cars would terminate in the event of irreparable mechanical breakdown(equivalent to the death of a spouse).A endB declineC failD proceed3、The combination of miscommunication ,ignored warnings and general hubris virtually guaranteed disaster.A misunderstandingB misconductC angerD arrogance4、Despite an occasional glimmer of hope ,this campaign has not produced any results.A proofB indicationC releaseD consequence5、These kids had been further insulated by their wealthy families from reality with the privilege that money could buy.A protectedB awokenC coveredD isolated6、 I found myself constantly pondering the question:”how could anyone do these things?” A arguing B answering C covered D isolated7、Interactive technology augments traditional methods with new and yet-to-be invented collaboration tools ranging from e-mail to Web logs to digital video to peer-to-peer systems.A communicationB entertainmentC cooperationD improvement8、 For people who feel too intimidated or shy to ask questions during class,the internet createsa “safe environment”to speak their mind.online ,nobody knows who you are.A frightenedB frustratedC depressedD disappointed9、On this day after September 11 ,most planes were still grounded the skies were eerily quiet.A particularlyB unusuallyC mysteriouslyD pleasantly10、Considered by many archaeologists to be the first human civilization ,Sumer has yielded many huge stone carvings .Deciphered, they described”gods”who came another planet in flying machines.A inspiredB interpretedC improvedD implanted最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改赠人玫瑰，手留余香。