串讲07过去分词作定语宾补表语和状语及必刷题(原卷版)

串讲07 过去分词作定语，宾补，表语和状语及必刷题

序号 内容

Part one 过去分词基本概念串讲

Part two 过去分词作定语、宾补、表语、状语串讲

Part three 基础练100题

Part four 综合练30题

Part one 过去分词基本概念串讲

一、分词的意义

过去分词表示被动，它与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。

另外，现在分词和过去分词在具体的句子使用中还能够表示时态的不同。一般来说，现在分词表示一般时态，或是进行时态；而过去分词表示一般时态，或是完成时态。

二、动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

一. 规则变化

1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked

2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced

3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied

4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母)，先双写末尾这个辅音字母，再加ed，如clap / shop / trip / chat / beg /

drop / fit / hug / plan / pat / regret / control

注：A. 以l结尾的动词，尾音节重读时，双写l，如control—controlled；尾音节不重读时，双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。

B. 读音与说明:

①ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped

②ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed

③ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted

二. 一些常见的不规则变化的动词

1）AAA型 （原形，过去式和过去分词一致）

原形 过去式 过去分词 中文意思

cut cut cut 切、割

shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗）

put put put 放置 let let let 让

set set set 设置

bet bet/betted bet/betted 打赌

hit hit hit 撞击

hurt hurt hurt 受伤；疼痛

cost cost cost 值…钱；花费

read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读；阅读

cast cast cast 投，扔，掷

broadcast broadcast broadcast 广播，播出

spread spread spread 传播，蔓延

forecast forecast forecast 预报，预测

burst burst burst 爆裂，炸开

spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰

split split split 劈开，分开

knit knit knit 编织

quit quit/quitted quit/quitted 停止

rid rid rid 除去

sweat sweat/sweated sweat/sweated 流汗

thrust thrust thrust 刺入，刺

wed wed wed 结婚

wet wet wet 打湿

2）AAB型 （过去式与原形一致）

原形 过去式 过去分词 中文意思

beat beat beaten 击败

3）ABA型 （过去分词与原形一致）

原形 过去式 过去分词 中文意思

e came e 来

bee became bee 变得；成为

overe overcame overe 克服，战胜

run ran run 跑步；逃跑

4）ABB型 （过去式与过去分词一致）

原形 过去式 过去分词 中文意思

buy bought bought 购买

fight fought fought 打架；打仗

think thought thought 想；认为

seek sought sought 寻找；探究

bring brought brought 带来

catch caught caught 抓住；接住

teach taught taught 教；教书

lend lent lent 借出

send sent sent 送；派遣

spend spent spent 花费（时间、金钱）

dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed 做梦，梦想

learn learnt/learned learnt/learned 学；学会

burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 燃烧；烧伤

hear heard heard 听见

mean [mi:n] meant [ment] meant [ment] 意思是 lean leant/leaned leant/leaned 倾斜

leap leapt/leaped leapt/leaped 跳跃，跨越

spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled 破坏，宠坏

lead led led 领导；致使

mislead misled misled 把…引错方向

leave left left 离开

keep kept kept 保持；保留

sleep slept slept 睡觉

oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头

sweep swept swept 打扫

feed fed fed 喂养；喂食

speed sped sped 加速（前进）

flee fled fled 逃跑

meet met met 遇见；碰到

bleed bled bled 流血

breed bred bred 繁殖，产生

shoot shot shot 射击

light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃

get got got 获得；得到

win won won 获胜；赢得

shine shone/shined shone/shined 照耀

sit sat sat 坐下

dig dug dug 挖掘

stick stuck stuck 刺；戳

strike struck struck 打击，撞击

spin spun spun 自传

spring sprung sprung 弹跳，弹起

shrink shrunk/shrank shrunk/shrank 萎缩

sting stung stung 叮咬，刺激

swing swung swung （前后）摆动

hang hung hung 悬挂

hang hanged hanged 绞死

sell sold sold 出售

tell told told 告诉

retell retold retold 复述

foretell foretold foretold 预告，预言

feel felt felt 感觉；摸起来

kneel knelt knelt 跪下

smell smelt smelt 闻；嗅

spell spelt spelt 拼写

hold held held 拿着；握住

find found found 找到；发现

wind wound wound 卷起，缠绕

stand stood stood 站立

understand understood understood 理解

lay laid laid 蛋下, 产卵，平放

pay paid paid 付款

repay repaid repaid 偿还，报答

say [sei] said [sed] said [sed] 说

have /has had had 有 make made made 制作

bless blessed/blest blessed/blest 祝福

lose [lu:z] lost lost 丢失

deal dealt dealt 处理

spill spilt/spilled spilt/spilled 溅出，溢出

5）ABC型 （原形、过去式、过去分词不一致）

原形 过去式 过去分词 中文意思

begin began begun 开始

drink drank drunk 喝；饮

ring rang rung 铃（响）；打

sing sang sung 唱歌

sink sank sunk 下沉

swim swam swum 游泳

blow blew blown 吹；刮风

fly flew flown 飞；放（风筝）

know knew [nju:] known 知道；懂得

grow grew grown 种植；生长

throw threw thrown 扔；投

draw drew drawn 绘画

withdraw withdrew withdrawn 拆退

show showed shown 出示；给…看

break broke broken 打破；不服从

sew sewed sewn 缝制

speak spoke spoken 说话

steal stole stolen 偷

choose chose chosen 选择

freeze froze frozen 冻结

wake woke woke / woken 醒来；唤醒

awake awoke awoken 唤醒

forget forgot forgotten 忘记

shave shaved shaven/shaved 剃须

take took taken 拿走

overtake overtook overtaken 赶超

undertake undertook undertaken 承担，保证

mistake mistook mistaken 错拿

shake shook shaken 摇动；握（手）

eat ate eaten 吃

fall fell fallen 落下；摔倒

rise rose risen [rizn] 上升；上涨

arise arise arisen 产生，出现

drive drove driven [drivn] 驾驶

give gave given 给

forgive forgave forgiven 原谅

see saw seen 看见

foresee foresaw foreseen 预见

saw sawed sawn/sawed 锯

ride rode ridden 骑（车、马）

hide hid hidden 躲藏