速螨酮在柑橘及土壤中的残留及消解动态
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柑橘野外田间螨虫害的生态学监测柑橘作为我国重要的农作物之一,其产量和质量受到各种害虫的威胁。
其中,柑橘野外田间螨虫害是一种常见且具有破坏性的现象。
为了有效地监测和控制螨虫害,生态学监测成为必不可少的手段之一。
本文将探讨柑橘野外田间螨虫害的生态学监测方法以及其在害虫防治上的应用。
一、生态学监测方法1. 采集标本生态学监测的第一步是采集螨虫样本。
在柑橘园中,选取不同地点和不同树龄的柑橘树进行观察。
采集时,可以选择成虫、卵或幼虫,以综合评估螨虫种群的情况。
2. 田间调查田间调查是监测柑橘野外螨虫害的重要手段。
调查员在柑橘园中随机选择样本树进行观察,记录螨虫的种类、数量和分布情况。
同时,还需要注意记录食物链中的天敌和同害虫共生的情况,以全面了解柑橘生态系统中的相互关系。
3. 数据分析通过对采集的标本和田间调查数据进行分析,可以得出柑橘野外田间螨虫害的生态学特征。
比如,可以计算螨虫的密度、个体数量和平均分布情况,并与历史数据进行比较,了解螨虫害的变化趋势。
二、生态学监测的应用1. 制定防治措施生态学监测可以及时发现和预测柑橘野外螨虫害的发生和变化,有助于制定科学合理的防治措施。
比如,在螨虫密度较高的区域,可以采取相应的化学防治措施进行控制。
而在密度较低的区域,可以通过增加天敌数量或调整农业生态环境来实现生物防治。
2. 评估防治效果生态学监测还可用于评估柑橘螨虫害防治效果的好坏。
通过与防治前的监测数据进行比对,可以判断各项防治措施的实际效果。
若发现柑橘螨虫害的发生率和数量有明显降低,说明所采用的措施是有效的;反之,则需要调整防治策略。
3. 生态友好农业通过生态学监测,可以更好地了解柑橘野外螨虫害与其他农田生态系统成员的关系。
在农业生产中,可以依靠天敌和共生微生物来控制螨虫害,减少对化学农药的依赖,实现生态友好的农业模式。
综上所述,柑橘野外田间螨虫害的生态学监测是一种重要的工具,可为农业生产提供科学依据。
它通过采集标本、田间调查和数据分析,帮助农民制定防治措施,评估防治效果,并推动生态友好农业的发展。
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速螨酮对柑桔红蜘蛛的毒力及药效
邓业成;李洁荣
【期刊名称】《广西师范大学学报:自然科学版》
【年(卷),期】1996(014)004
【摘要】用新型杀螨剂速螨酮对柑桔红蜘蛛进行了室内毒力测定和大田药效试验.实验表明:速螨酮对柑桔红蜘蛛的卵、幼螨、雌成螨的各个虫态均具有很高的触杀毒力,致死中浓度LC50值分别为1.42×10-3g/L,9.90×10-5g/L和6.26×10-3g/L,对雌成螨的触杀毒力是常用杀螨剂三氯杀螨醇的24.1倍.用20%速螨酮可湿性粉剂3000~5000倍液喷药后3d的防治效果为96.9%~97.8%,持效期50d左右.温度对该药剂的药效没有影响.
【总页数】6页(P90-95)
【作者】邓业成;李洁荣
【作者单位】广西师范大学生物系;广西师范大学生物系
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】S436.661.2
【相关文献】
1.17%螨速毙乳油防治柑桔红蜘蛛田间药效试验总结 [J],
2.17%螨速毙乳油防治柑桔红蜘蛛田间药效试验报告 [J],
3.螨速毙防治柑桔红蜘蛛药效试验 [J], 朱木元;邓崇岭;邱柱石;邓明学;黄美玲
4.霸螨灵和速螨酮防治柑桔红蜘蛛药效试验(简报) [J], 冯传余
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噻嗪酮在柑橘和土壤中的残留及消解动态李小娇;龚道新;成应向;伍一红;张杰;罗杨【摘要】[ Objective ] The paper was to detect the residue of buprofezin in citrus and soil. [ Method ] Gas chromatography (GC) method was used to measure the residue of buprofezin in citrus and soil. [ Result ] The average recovery rate of buprofezin in entire citrus fruit was 96. 17% -97.38%, and the variation coefficient was 6.10% - 9.07%; the average recovery rate in pulp was 95.24% - 105.46%, and the variation coefficient was 3.30% -6.01% ;the average recovery rate in peel was 88.76% - 93.64% ,and the variation coefficient was 5.12% - 6.27%;the average recovery rate in soil was 97.79% - 104.3% ,and the variation coefficient was 2.45% - 9.21%. The degradation dynamics and the final residue results of buprofezin in citrus and soil showed that the degradation half-lives in citrus in Changsha (Hunan),Hangzhou (Zhejiang) and Guiyang (Guizhou) were 7.65,7.64 and8.40 d ,and the degradation half-lives in soil in three places were 13.75,9.97 and 10.18 d,respectively. [ Conclusion ] When 25% buprofezin SC watered agent were sprayed in citrus fruits for 2 - 3 times according to the recommended dose of 166.7 -250.0 mg/L,the safe period of buprofezin in citrus could be set as 14 d.%[目的]监测噻嗪酮在柑橘和土壤中的残留量.[方法]采用气相色谱法测定噻嗪酮在柑橘和土壤中的残留.[结果]噻嗪酮在柑橘全果中的平均回收率为96.17%~97.38%,变异系数为6.10%~9.07%;在果肉中的平均回收率为95.24%~105.46%,变异系数为3.30%~6.01%;在果皮中的平均回收率为88.76%~93.64%,变异系数为5.12%~6.27%;在土壤中的平均回收率为97.79%~104.3%,变异系数为2.45%~9.21%.噻嗪酮在柑橘和土壤中的消解动态以及最终残留结果表明,在湖南长沙、浙江杭州和贵州贵阳3地柑橘中的消解半衰期分别为7.65、7.64、8.40d,在土壤中的消解半衰期分别为13.75、9.97、10.18 d.[结论]在柑橘上使用25%噻嗪酮悬浮剂对水剂,按照推荐使用剂量为166.7~250.0 mg/L,施药2~3次的情况下,噻嗪酮在柑橘上的安全期可定为14 d.【期刊名称】《安徽农业科学》【年(卷),期】2011(039)009【总页数】4页(P5334-5336,5539)【关键词】噻嗪酮;柑橘;土壤残留;消解动态【作者】李小娇;龚道新;成应向;伍一红;张杰;罗杨【作者单位】水污染控制技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙,410004;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙,410128;湖南省环境保护科学研究院,湖南长沙,410004;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙,410128;水污染控制技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙,410004;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙,410128;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙,410128;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙,410128;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙,410128【正文语种】中文【中图分类】S481+.8噻嗪酮(Buprofezin)是噻二嗪类昆虫生长调节剂,能抑制昆虫几丁质合成和干扰其新陈代谢,对飞虱、叶蝉、粉虱防治效果明显[1-2]。
哒螨灵在棉花和土壤中的残留及消解动态研究吴绪金;马欢;马婧玮;李通;汪红;张军锋【摘要】Dissipation dynamics and residues of pyridaben in cotton and soil were reported, and pyridaben was determined by GC-ECD. The fortified recoveries in cottonseed, cotton leaf and soil at 0.01-0.2 mg/kg were 82.36%-113.94% with the relative standard deviations of 1.76%-8.07%. The limit of detection of the analytical method was 1×10-11 g at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, and the limits of quantification were 0.01 mg/kg in cottonseed, cotton leaf and soil. The dissipation dynamics of pyridaben in Henan and Hunan Province were investigated in 2011 and 2012. The results showed that the half-lives of pyridaben were 0.84-2.5 d in cotton leaf, 5.7-7.3 d in soil. The final residues of pyridaben in cottonseed were all less than 0.01 mg/kg. Pyridaben is an easily dissipated and low residues pesticide, so it could be safely used in cotton with the maximum active ingredient dosage of 112.5 g/hm2, the spray times of 3, preharvest interval (PHI) of 14 d.%研究了哒螨灵在棉花和土壤中的残留及消解动态,采用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器进行定量分析。
农药学学报 2021, 23(3): 561-568Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science • 研究论文 •doi: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2021.0061乙螨唑在9种水果蔬菜样品基质中的残留储藏稳定性陈增龙1, 刘子琪1,3, 廖先骏2, 叶子雨4, 王晓宇1, 李薇*,1, 秦冬梅*,2(1. 中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京 100101;2. 农业农村部农药检定所,北京 100125;3. 天津农学院,天津 300384;4. 中国农药工业协会,北京 100125)摘要:建立了乙螨唑在不同样本基质(猕猴桃、木瓜、柠檬、茄子、山楂、柿子、甜椒、香蕉以及枣)中的气相色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 分析方法,进而系统研究了−20 ℃条件下乙螨唑在上述果蔬中储藏112 d的稳定性差异及其影响因素。
样品经乙腈提取,氨丙基固相萃取柱净化,GC-MS检测分析。
结果表明:在0.01~3 mg/kg添加水平下,乙螨唑在9种果蔬中的平均回收率在80%~112%之间,相对标准偏差在1.4%~12%之间,定量限为0.01 mg/kg。
于 −20 ℃下储藏14~112 d期间,乙螨唑在甜椒中的降解率为9.0%~28.6% (低于30%),说明其具有较好的储藏稳定性;但在猕猴桃、木瓜、柠檬、茄子、山楂、柿子、香蕉和枣中,其降解率均超过30%,储藏稳定性较差。
乙螨唑残留储藏稳定性与样本基质的种类、pH值、含水量等密切相关。
因此,乙螨唑的残留试验样本不宜长时间储藏,获取后应当尽快检测,以防农药降解导致检测结果出现偏差。
本研究为乙螨唑在多种果蔬作物中的残留检测方法和储藏稳定性提供了基础数据,也为后续乙螨唑的准确定量分析提供了理论参考。
关键词: 乙螨唑;水果蔬菜;气相色谱-质谱;残留;储藏稳定性中图分类号:TS207.5;X592;O657.6;O657.7 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1008-7303(2021)03-0561-08Residual storage stability of etoxazole in 9 kinds of fruits and vegetablesCHEN Zenglong1, LIU Ziqi1,3, LIAO Xianjun2, YE Ziyu4,WANG Xiaoyu1, LI Wei*,1, QIN Dongmei*,2(1. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101, China; 2. Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;3. Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;4. China Pesticide Industrial Association, Beijing 100125, China)Abstract: A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed for etoxazole in kiwifruit, papaya, lemon, eggplant, hawthorn, persimmon, sweet pepper, banana and jujube. Then, the storage stabilities and influencing factors of etoxazole were evaluated systematically in above crops at −20 ℃ for 112 days. The samples were extracted by acetonitrile, purified by aminopropyl solid phase extraction cartridge, and determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the mean recoveries were between 80% and 112%, the relative standard deviations (RSD) were ranged from 1.4% to 12% at the spiking level of 0.01-3 mg/kg, and the limit of quantification was 0.01 mg/kg. Etoxazole was relatively收稿日期:2020-10-07;录用日期:2020-12-27.基金项目:国家自然科学基金 (31801771);农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目 (IPM1919).作者简介:陈增龙,男,助理研究员,从事农药残留与分子毒理学研究,Email:*******************.cn;*李薇,共同通信作者 (Co-author for correspondence),女,高级实验师,从事农药残留与标准制定研究,Email:**********.cn;*秦冬梅,通信作者 (Author for correspondence),女,研究员,从事农药登记管理与农药残留分析研究,Email:*******************.cnstable in sweet pepper with degradation rates of 9.0%-28.6%, which were lower than 30%. However, the degradation rates of etoxazole were over 30% in kiwifruit, papaya, lemon, eggplant, hawthorn, persimmon, banana and jujube, demonstrating etoxazole could not be stored stably. The storage stability of etoxazole was closely related to the types of matrix, pH values and water content. Therefore, the samples with etoxazole residues are not recommended to be stored for a long time and should be detected as soon as possible to avoid the deviation of detection results caused by pesticide degradation. This study provided basic data for residue analytical method and storage stability of etoxazole in a variety of fruit and vegetable crops, and also provides reference for accurate quantitation of etoxazole in further studies.Keywords: etoxazole; fruits and vegetables; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; residue; storage stability通常情况下,农药残留试验样本在获取后需经过一段时间的储藏才能被检测,这段时间靶标农药可能会因代谢、氧化、水解等反应而降解,进而影响残留检测数据的真实性和准确性,因此,有必要对农药在储藏过程中的稳定性进行系统研究[1]。