高考英语总复习系列课件30新人教版
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高中英语高考届高考英语人教版通用专题复习课件 策略三 第二讲 两种不容忽视的句——并列句和三大从句
答案与解析：and 考查并列连词。句意：他们是当地经济和 社会发展的重要驱动力，同时也是泉州与世界的桥梁。分析句子 结构可知，空处填并列连词，再根据句意可知，between... and...意 为“在……之间”，故填and。
4．[2020·河北省衡水中学高三下学期e weight on high-protein diets in the short-term but this weight loss is not due to eating more animal protein, ________ simply due to consuming fewer calories.
答案与解析：where 考查定语从句的引导词。 分析句子结 构可知， 空格处引导定语从句， 先行词为campaign, 空格处在从 句中作地点状语， 故填where。
8．[2020·甘肃第一次诊断]This is the reason ________ Jennifer and her colleagues have called for a global pause in any clinical application of the CRISPR technology in human embryos to give us time to really consider all of the various results of doing so.
答案与解析：so 考查连词。句意：生活并不完美，而且总 是充满艰辛，因此我们在生活中需要朋友、作家、博主、牧师或 者我们自己内心的提醒，从而使自己重新关注那些重要的和可以 让我们积极生活的事情。根据句意可知，设空处前后为因果关 系。
1．确定填并列连词 无提示词，设空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、 短语等，而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关 系，应填并列连词。
4．[2020·河北省衡水中学高三下学期e weight on high-protein diets in the short-term but this weight loss is not due to eating more animal protein, ________ simply due to consuming fewer calories.
答案与解析：where 考查定语从句的引导词。 分析句子结 构可知， 空格处引导定语从句， 先行词为campaign, 空格处在从 句中作地点状语， 故填where。
8．[2020·甘肃第一次诊断]This is the reason ________ Jennifer and her colleagues have called for a global pause in any clinical application of the CRISPR technology in human embryos to give us time to really consider all of the various results of doing so.
答案与解析：so 考查连词。句意：生活并不完美，而且总 是充满艰辛，因此我们在生活中需要朋友、作家、博主、牧师或 者我们自己内心的提醒，从而使自己重新关注那些重要的和可以 让我们积极生活的事情。根据句意可知，设空处前后为因果关 系。
1．确定填并列连词 无提示词，设空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、 短语等，而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关 系，应填并列连词。
2023版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit1课件ppt新人教版选择性必修第二册
15.__a_s_s_is_t_an_t__ n.助理；助手→___a_s_s_is_t___ v.帮助；促进→ assistance n.帮助；援助
16.trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 →_t_r_a_ce_a_b_l_e_ adj.源于→__tr_a_c_er__ n.追踪者
8._v_a_c_c_i_n_e_ n.疫苗 9.__s_o_l_id___ adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体 10.___c_a_st___ vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷 11.__p_o_u_r___ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料) 12._c_o_n_c_re_t_e_ n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 13._o_u_ts_t_a_n_d_in_g_ adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的 14._a_b_s_t_ra_c_t_ adj.抽象的；理性的 n.(文献等的)摘要 15._c_o_n_c_e_p_t_ n.概念；观念 16._b_r_i_ll_ia_n_t_ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
高频词汇 1.__s_e_v_er_e__ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 2.__s_u_b_s_ta_n_t_ia_l__ adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 3._d_e_c_re_a_s_e_ n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量 等)减少；减小；降低 4._th_i_n_k_i_n_g_ n.思想；思维；见解 5.__c_e_l_l ___ n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房 6.__v_ir_u_s___ n.病毒 7.__fi_n_d_i_n_g_ n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决
选择性必修第二册
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
16.trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 →_t_r_a_ce_a_b_l_e_ adj.源于→__tr_a_c_er__ n.追踪者
8._v_a_c_c_i_n_e_ n.疫苗 9.__s_o_l_id___ adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体 10.___c_a_st___ vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷 11.__p_o_u_r___ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料) 12._c_o_n_c_re_t_e_ n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 13._o_u_ts_t_a_n_d_in_g_ adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的 14._a_b_s_t_ra_c_t_ adj.抽象的；理性的 n.(文献等的)摘要 15._c_o_n_c_e_p_t_ n.概念；观念 16._b_r_i_ll_ia_n_t_ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
高频词汇 1.__s_e_v_er_e__ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 2.__s_u_b_s_ta_n_t_ia_l__ adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 3._d_e_c_re_a_s_e_ n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量 等)减少；减小；降低 4._th_i_n_k_i_n_g_ n.思想；思维；见解 5.__c_e_l_l ___ n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房 6.__v_ir_u_s___ n.病毒 7.__fi_n_d_i_n_g_ n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决
选择性必修第二册
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
高考英语(人教版)一轮总复习必修(份)3PPT优质公开课
associating uneasy adj.
(2)不定式做定语所修饰的常常是抽象名词,例
The tens如e life:ainbouirlsicthyoo,lcdhoeasnn’tcleeav,eaums wbithiteaisoe.n,offer,anxiety,answer,reply,attempt,belief等。
Unit 4 Body language
必修4
Unit 4 Body language
核心考点
随堂巩固
-2-
高频词汇 难点句型
1.represent vt.代表;象征 [高考佳句]And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at,they
represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.(2018·浙江卷)虽然塑料袋看起来很难看,但它们代表了今天 地面垃圾的一小部分。
at ease=at one’s ease feel/look at ease感到/看上去心情放松 put/set sb.at one’s ease使某人放松、松弛 with ease轻易,毫不费劲 easy adj.容易的 uneasy adj.不自在的
必修4
高频词汇 难点句型
Unit 4 Body language
idea itself. ③I have a dream to fly (fly) like a bird.
必修4
Unit 4 Body language
核心考点
随堂巩固
-14-
高频词汇 难点句型
2.However,people from places like Spain,Italy or South
复习课件 2023届高考人教版高中英语必修第二册一轮复习(1)
___________s_t_ir__u_p__
2.词汇拓展
1 i_ll_e_g_a_l_______adj.不合法的，非法的
i_ll_e_g_a_ll_y______adv.不合法地，非法地 l_e_g_a_l______adj.合法的 2 a_l_a_rm__i_n_g___adj. 惊人的，使人惊恐的
• 10.__d_o_w__n_l_o_a_d___vt. n.下载;已下载的数据资料 • 11.__p_r_o_f_e_s_s_i_o_n_a_ladi.专业的;职业的 • 12.__p_r_o_c_e_s_s____n.过程;进程;步骤vt.处理;加工 • 13.__fo__rg__iv_e__vt.& vi.原谅;宽恕vt.对不起;请原谅 • 14.__d_i_g_it_a_l______adj.数码的;数字显示的 • 15.__q_u_a_l_it_y______n.质量;品质adj.优质的
Book2 Unit1 Cultural Heritage
Vocabulary
• 默写单词
• 1._c_r_e_a_t_i_v_e___adj.创造性的;有创造力的 • 2._p__ro__m_o__te____vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级 • 3._p__ro__p_o_s_a_l____n.提议;建议 • 4._p__ro__te_s_t_______n.抗议vt.(公开)反对;抗议 • 5._c_o__n_t_ri_b_u_t_e___v捐献;捐助 • 6._i_n_v_e_s_t_i_g_a_t_e____vi.vt.调查;研究 • 7. i_s_s_u_e___________ 重要议题 vt 宣布；公布 • 8. _d_o_n__a_te_______vt.捐贈;赠送;献(血) • 9._a_t_t_e_m__p_t______vt.企图;试图;尝试
2.词汇拓展
1 i_ll_e_g_a_l_______adj.不合法的，非法的
i_ll_e_g_a_ll_y______adv.不合法地，非法地 l_e_g_a_l______adj.合法的 2 a_l_a_rm__i_n_g___adj. 惊人的，使人惊恐的
• 10.__d_o_w__n_l_o_a_d___vt. n.下载;已下载的数据资料 • 11.__p_r_o_f_e_s_s_i_o_n_a_ladi.专业的;职业的 • 12.__p_r_o_c_e_s_s____n.过程;进程;步骤vt.处理;加工 • 13.__fo__rg__iv_e__vt.& vi.原谅;宽恕vt.对不起;请原谅 • 14.__d_i_g_it_a_l______adj.数码的;数字显示的 • 15.__q_u_a_l_it_y______n.质量;品质adj.优质的
Book2 Unit1 Cultural Heritage
Vocabulary
• 默写单词
• 1._c_r_e_a_t_i_v_e___adj.创造性的;有创造力的 • 2._p__ro__m_o__te____vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级 • 3._p__ro__p_o_s_a_l____n.提议;建议 • 4._p__ro__te_s_t_______n.抗议vt.(公开)反对;抗议 • 5._c_o__n_t_ri_b_u_t_e___v捐献;捐助 • 6._i_n_v_e_s_t_i_g_a_t_e____vi.vt.调查;研究 • 7. i_s_s_u_e___________ 重要议题 vt 宣布；公布 • 8. _d_o_n__a_te_______vt.捐贈;赠送;献(血) • 9._a_t_t_e_m__p_t______vt.企图;试图;尝试
2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit2 课件新人教版选择性必修第四册
教材复习 选择性必修第四册
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
01
必备知识·自主检测
Ⅰ．词块记单词 1．a _s_tr_a_ig_h_t_f_o_rw__a_rd___ attitude towards life 简单直率的人生态度 2．the Prime _M__in_i_s_te_r_ 总理；首相 3．the tips of the _a_rr_o_w__s 箭头 4．_sp_o_n_s_o_r_ an elephant 赞助一头大象 5．preserve its health and _l_ib_e_r_t_y_ 保护它的健康和自由 6．take s_a_m__p_le_ photographs 拍摄样品照片 7．in that _t_em__p_o_r_a_ry_, protected environment 在那个暂时的、受保护的 环境中
4 ． As far as I know, Mark is a cautious shopper who always d_o_e_s__so_m__e_r_e_s_e_ar_c_h_o_n__ ( 做 一 些 调 查 ) the market before he buys something valuable． 5．Generally speaking, people who work in the offices _ar_e_r_e_f_e_rr_e_d_t_o_a_s_ (被称为是) “white collar workers”． 6．Too much work without enough rest often _l_e_a_d_s_to__ (导致) illness． 7．I _f_e_e_l_a_t_h_o_m_e__ (有宾至如归的感觉) together with you．I feel very happy as if I became much younger．
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
01
必备知识·自主检测
Ⅰ．词块记单词 1．a _s_tr_a_ig_h_t_f_o_rw__a_rd___ attitude towards life 简单直率的人生态度 2．the Prime _M__in_i_s_te_r_ 总理；首相 3．the tips of the _a_rr_o_w__s 箭头 4．_sp_o_n_s_o_r_ an elephant 赞助一头大象 5．preserve its health and _l_ib_e_r_t_y_ 保护它的健康和自由 6．take s_a_m__p_le_ photographs 拍摄样品照片 7．in that _t_em__p_o_r_a_ry_, protected environment 在那个暂时的、受保护的 环境中
4 ． As far as I know, Mark is a cautious shopper who always d_o_e_s__so_m__e_r_e_s_e_ar_c_h_o_n__ ( 做 一 些 调 查 ) the market before he buys something valuable． 5．Generally speaking, people who work in the offices _ar_e_r_e_f_e_rr_e_d_t_o_a_s_ (被称为是) “white collar workers”． 6．Too much work without enough rest often _l_e_a_d_s_to__ (导致) illness． 7．I _f_e_e_l_a_t_h_o_m_e__ (有宾至如归的感觉) together with you．I feel very happy as if I became much younger．
人教版高中英语高考复习必修三总复习完美PPT共54页
谢谢你的阅读
❖ 知识就是财富 ❖ 丰富你的人生
71、既然我已经踏上这条道路，那么，任何东西都不应妨碍我沿着这条路走下去。——康德 72、家庭成为快乐的种子在外也不致成为障碍物但在旅行之际却是夜间的伴侣。——西塞罗 73、坚持意志伟大的事业需要始终不渝的精神。——伏尔泰 74、路漫漫其修道远，吾将上下而求索。——屈原 75、内外相应，言行相称。——韩非
1、不要轻言放弃，否则对不起自己。
2、要冒一次险!整个生命就是一场冒险。走得最远的人，常是愿意 去做，并愿意去冒险的人。“稳妥”之船，从未能从生就像一杯没有加糖的咖啡，喝起来是苦涩的，回味起来却有 久久不会退去的余香。
人教版高中英语高考复习必修三总复习完 4、守业的最好办法就是不断的发展。 5、当爱不能完美，我宁愿选择无悔，不管来生多么美丽，我不愿失 去今生对你的记忆，我不求天长地久的美景，我只要生生世世的轮 回里有你。 美
新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Welcomeunit课件pptx新人教版必修第一册
explore at senior high. 我想念我初中的朋友们，但我相信 我会在这里结交到新朋友，而且高
2.Teenagers are under great stress because _th_e_re__is_a_lw__ay_s_l_o_ts_o_f_h_o_m_e_w_o_r_k_to__d_o_a fter school. 放学后总是有很多作业要做， 青 少年的压力很大。
(二)语境记忆短语——不枯燥·兴趣高
记全记牢 1．_se_n_i_or_h_i_g_h_s_ch_o_ol (美国)高中 2．_ju_n_i_or_h_i_g_h_sc_h_o_ol (美国)初级中学 3．_a_t _la_s_t _______ 终于；最终 4．_m_a_ke__a_g_o_od__im_p_r_e_ss_io_n_ 留下好印象 5．_w_h_a_t _if_______ 要是……会怎么样呢？ 6．_c_o_nc_e_n_tr_a_te_o_n__ 集中精力于 7．_le_a_v_e_..._a_lo_n_e___ 不打扰；不惊动 8．_lo_o_k_f_o_rw_a_r_d_t_o_ 盼望；期待 9．_ta_k_e_n_o_te_s_____ 记笔记 10．___fl_a_sh__ca_r_d___ 教学卡片；识字卡
③frustrated 失意的；挫败的
④down 情绪低落的
⑤blue 消沉的；沮丧的(三)仿写用活ຫໍສະໝຸດ 式——造佳句·表达高句式背诵
句式仿写
句型1 What if...？“要是……会 1.如果他生气了怎么办？我有点担
怎么样呢？”
心。
What if no one talks to me?
__W_h_a_t_if_h_e_g_e_t_s _an_g_r_y_？_ I'm a little
2.Teenagers are under great stress because _th_e_re__is_a_lw__ay_s_l_o_ts_o_f_h_o_m_e_w_o_r_k_to__d_o_a fter school. 放学后总是有很多作业要做， 青 少年的压力很大。
(二)语境记忆短语——不枯燥·兴趣高
记全记牢 1．_se_n_i_or_h_i_g_h_s_ch_o_ol (美国)高中 2．_ju_n_i_or_h_i_g_h_sc_h_o_ol (美国)初级中学 3．_a_t _la_s_t _______ 终于；最终 4．_m_a_ke__a_g_o_od__im_p_r_e_ss_io_n_ 留下好印象 5．_w_h_a_t _if_______ 要是……会怎么样呢？ 6．_c_o_nc_e_n_tr_a_te_o_n__ 集中精力于 7．_le_a_v_e_..._a_lo_n_e___ 不打扰；不惊动 8．_lo_o_k_f_o_rw_a_r_d_t_o_ 盼望；期待 9．_ta_k_e_n_o_te_s_____ 记笔记 10．___fl_a_sh__ca_r_d___ 教学卡片；识字卡
③frustrated 失意的；挫败的
④down 情绪低落的
⑤blue 消沉的；沮丧的(三)仿写用活ຫໍສະໝຸດ 式——造佳句·表达高句式背诵
句式仿写
句型1 What if...？“要是……会 1.如果他生气了怎么办？我有点担
怎么样呢？”
心。
What if no one talks to me?
__W_h_a_t_if_h_e_g_e_t_s _an_g_r_y_？_ I'm a little
2024届高考一轮复习英语课件( 人教版)必修第一册 Unit 1 Teenage Life
5 So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring，difficult homework or go to class，think about the children who don’t have the chance to get a good education.(the next time引导的时间状语从句) 所以下一次你感到你不想做枯燥、有难度的作业或去上课时，想想 那些没机会接受良好教育的孩子。
4
movement
→move
5
suitable
→suit
6
actually
→actual
7
challenge
→challenging
n.动作；运动；活动 vt.& vi.移动；搬家 vt.使感动 adj.合适的；适用的 vt.适合；适宜于 n.套装，西装 adv.事实上；的确 adj.实际的；真实的 n.挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向……挑战 adj.有挑战性的
6 plate
n.盘子；碟子
7 youth
n.青年时期；青春
8 generation 9 adult
n.一代(人) n.成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1 debate 2 content
3 title 4 topic
n.辩论；争论 vt.& vi.辩论；争论 n.内容； [pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题 adj.满意的，满足的 n.(书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔 n.话题；标题
11
recommend
vt.建议；推荐；介绍
→recommendation n.建议；推荐
2023届高考英语总复习常考点定从、名从的复习以及状从的学习课件27张PPT
By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家时她已经睡觉了。
地点状语从句引导词: where，wherever，everywhere，anywhere等。
• where 表示“在……的地方” You should have put the book where you found it. 你本应该把书放回原来的地方。 • wherever 表示“无论什么地方” Wherever you go, you should work hard. 无论你去哪里，你都应该努力工作。
结果状语从句引导词：so...that，such...that，so that等。 • so... that 表示“如此……以至于” He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。 • such... that 表示“如此……以至于” It's such a good chance that we must not miss it. 这是一个好机会，千万不能错过它。 • so that 表示“结果” He always studied hard so that he made great progress. 他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。
instantly, no sooner... than, hardly... when等。
I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。 Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。 The moment I have finished I'll give you a cal）”
地点状语从句引导词: where，wherever，everywhere，anywhere等。
• where 表示“在……的地方” You should have put the book where you found it. 你本应该把书放回原来的地方。 • wherever 表示“无论什么地方” Wherever you go, you should work hard. 无论你去哪里，你都应该努力工作。
结果状语从句引导词：so...that，such...that，so that等。 • so... that 表示“如此……以至于” He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。 • such... that 表示“如此……以至于” It's such a good chance that we must not miss it. 这是一个好机会，千万不能错过它。 • so that 表示“结果” He always studied hard so that he made great progress. 他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。
instantly, no sooner... than, hardly... when等。
I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。 Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。 The moment I have finished I'll give you a cal）”
人教版新高考英语一轮复习语言学习 课件(23张ppt)
nt, Matthew has mastered a large number of languages by making use of abilities that we all possess: persistence, enthusiasm and openmindedness. If your classic polyglot is one who studies languages full-time, then Matthew is something different. His version of multilingualism doesn’t isolate him in an ivory tower; it connects him to people all over the world. According to Matthew, the more languages you speak, the more points of view you have.
3.Needless to say... 不用说; 不必说; 很显然…… 点拨needless to say表示 “不用说; 很显然; 毫无疑问”, 相当于undoubtedly。 如: The problem, needless to say, is the cost involved. 不用说, 问题是所涉及的费用。
Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? No, no, it couldn’t be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.
3.Needless to say... 不用说; 不必说; 很显然…… 点拨needless to say表示 “不用说; 很显然; 毫无疑问”, 相当于undoubtedly。 如: The problem, needless to say, is the cost involved. 不用说, 问题是所涉及的费用。
Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? No, no, it couldn’t be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.
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Para 4: is about the famous British plant collector, Sir Joseph Banks, who collected many new plants in Australia. Para 5: explains the problems of keeping plants alive on long trips. Para 6: describes an experiment carried out by Dr Nathaniel Ward who invented a glass case in which to transport plants on long journeys.
peony 牡丹
sunflower 向日葵
It comes from North America. Indians there began to grow them some 3000 years ago .
Rose
Roses are best presents to be sent to friends. And it is also very popular to send roses as love signal between young people. Red roses indicate warmth and love and white ones, purity and simplicity（朴实）, blue ones, honesty and sincerity（真挚）.
Can you tell the name of the flower?
Tulip
Tulips are beautiful flowers and people often send them to their friends as presents.
郁金香
the Chinese national flower
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
7. Robert Fortune introduced over 120 species of plants to Western Gardens, because he could easily travel everywhere in China. F 8. During the second half of the 19th century, many Catholic missionaries were sent to China, and they collected many seeds of plants, which were sent back to France. T
a. 成熟的 a. 腐烂 n. 灌溉 vt. 推迟 a. 典型的 n. 野草；杂草 a. 不鲜明的；阴暗的 v. 发展；进化 n. 纪念碑
Expressions
date back to appeal to attach to give out 追溯到 有吸引力; 呼吁 贴上；附上 发出；分发
How much do you know about plants?
3. French Catholic missionaries were beginning to set themselves up in China by the middle of the 18th century. T 4. After Father d’ Incarville died, some Tree of Heaven seeds were sent to England. F
5. Banks, together with James Cook, collected many examples of plants in Australia. T 6. Keeping plants alive during long land or sea voyage was very difficult, which caused the Wardian Case to be invented. T
Dove Tree
PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CNTURIES
T or F Questions:
1. The plants in our garden grew in China originally. F 2. The American Middle Classes took great interest in collecting new plants during the 18th and 19th centuries. F
Special plants
How do you think plants have traveled from one country to another?
Joseph Banks
Dr Nathaniel Ward
The Wardian case
Robert Fortune (1812-1880)
Unit 4
Words
courtyard exotic distant goods botanist conflict endeavor n. 庭院; 天井 adj. 异国家情调的; 奇异的 adj. 远的; 远处的 n. 货物 n. 植物学家 n. 斗争; 冲突 n. 尽力; 竭力
tight seal container restriction fluency shave thunderstorm pirate appeal
adj. 紧的; 紧密的 vt. 密闭; 密封 n. 容器 n. 限制; 约束 n. 流利; 流畅 vt. & vi. 剃; 刮 n. 雷雨; 雷暴 n. 海盗 vi. 有吸引力; 求助
ripe rot irrigation postpone typical weed dull evolve monument
Detailed reading:
Try to get the main idea of each paragraph: Para 1:explains when plant collecting began. Para 2: describes when and where plant collecting began on a large scale by Europeans. Para 3: talks about French Catholic missionaries who collected plants in China in the 18th century.