高三英语 (第二轮语法专项训练--8.虚拟语气)

高考英语语法虚拟语气练习题30题(带答案)1. If I ______ (be) you, I would study harder for the college entrance examination.A. amB. wasC. wereD. had been答案：C。

解析：在if引导的表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句中，be动词一律用were。

选项A是一般现在时，不符合虚拟语气的语法规则。

选项B虽然是be动词的过去式形式，但在这种虚拟语气结构中不能用was。

选项D是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中的用法，与本题的现在事实相反的语境不符。

2. If he had known the result of the exam yesterday, he ______ (not be) so sad today.A. isn'tB. wasn'tC. wouldn't beD. hadn't been答案：C。

解析：这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。

从句是与过去事实相反（had known），主句是与现在事实相反，在这种情况下，主句要用would + 动词原形，否定形式为wouldn't + 动词原形。

选项A 是一般现在时的否定形式，不符合语法规则。

选项B是一般过去时的否定形式，也不符合混合虚拟语气的要求。

选项D是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中主句的用法，不适合这里与现在事实相反的情况。

3. If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we would cancel the football match.A. rainsB. rainedC. will rainD. should rain答案：D。

解析：在if引导的表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，有三种形式：动词过去式、should + 动词原形、were to+动词原形。

选项A是一般现在时，用于表示将来的真实条件句，不符合虚拟语气规则。

高三英语专项题型复习一、语气的定义和种类l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类：(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。

What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。

如: Open the door, please。

请打开门。

(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。

May you succeed! 祝您成功！二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。

在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。

如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。

如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。

如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。

(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。

)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should 可用于各种人称。

l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。

如: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。

高三英语虚拟语气特殊用法练习题40题答案解析版1. If I had studied harder in history class, I ______ more about the causes of the Industrial Revolution now.A. knowB. would knowC. knewD. had known答案：B解析：这是一个错综时间条件句。

从句中“had studied”是对过去的虚拟，表示过去没有努力学习。

主句中有“now”，是对现在情况的虚拟，在虚拟语气中，对现在情况虚拟时，主句要用“would + 动词原形”结构。

所以这里应该选B，表示如果过去努力学习了，现在就会对工业革命的起因知道得更多。

2. Had he not been so brave during the war, his family ______ in great danger at that time.A. would beB. will beC. would have beenD. is答案：C解析：这是一个省略了if的虚拟条件句，正常语序是“If he had not been so brave during the war”，是对过去情况的虚拟。

在这种情况下，主句要用“would + have + 过去分词”结构，所以选C，表示如果他在战争中不那么勇敢，他的家人当时就会处于极大的危险之中。

3. If she were to start the project today, she ______ it in a completely different way considering the new technology available.A. will planB. would planC. plannedD. has planned答案：B解析：这是一个对将来情况虚拟的句子，“were to + 动词原形”是对将来虚拟的一种结构。

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。

例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。

综合演练Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they__1__(be) the same person.Both the two boys are smart，but Tom is hard­working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't.However，people believe if Peter__2__(work) as hard as Tom，he would do as well as his brother in his study.At home，their parents suggest that they__3__(finish) their homework before playing computer games.But Peter insists that it__4__(be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end.One day，when doing his homework，Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exercise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book，he struck out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover happily，and handed it in as his own homework the next day.When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother，she was very angry and shouted at Peter，“How I wish you__5__(be) as diligent as your brother！Now it's time that I__6__(give) you a good lesson.And you__7__play any computer games for a month！”“Oh，no！Mom.__8__a computer for such a long time，I would die.I would rather you__9__(ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.” Peter was upset.“If you__10__(finish) your homework on time yesterday，you wouldn't be punished now，” said the mother.[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。

高考英语专题情态动词与虚拟语气单句语法填空1、Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,__________easily reach the books on the top shelf.2、I love the weekend, because I__________(need) get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.3、It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.4、My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who have taken it?5、I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends.6、Although you find bargains in London,it,s not generally a cheap place to shop.7、Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I__________ (dance) as well as her.8、I wish I__________(be)at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.9、It the poisoned girl __________(find) two hours earlier, she could have been saved.10、We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.单句改错11、In my opinion, by doing part-time jobs, college students must gain some social experience and broaden their horizons.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12、Most importantly,all of us must believe in each other and been honest in our daily life.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13、We must found ways to protect our environment._____________________________________________________________________14、However, if we stress cooperation too much, there would he no progress._____________________________________________________________________15、Firstly,I’d like to show my appreciation to those who stand by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included. Without their help or advice, my life will he different.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 16、I’d rather you go home now._____________________________________________________________________ 17、Our English teacher gave us a suggestion that we made good use of our time._____________________________________________________________________ 18、The teacher insisted that we must hand in our exercise before supper._____________________________________________________________________ 19、If I am you, I would not accept his gift._____________________________________________________________________ 20、He desired that you went to pick him up after school._____________________________________________________________________单项选择21、—Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?—No,we _________ it,but we spent too much time shopping.A.could have visitedB.must have visitedC.can’t have visitedD.shouldn’t have visited22、——I’m sorry. I at you at the other day.——Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldn’t shoutB.shouldn’t have shoutedC.mustn’t shoutD.mustn’t have shouted23、—It’s many years since I saw you last; I____you at all.—I wouldn’t have, either; if someone ____you by the name.A.didn’t recognize; hadn’t calledB.didn’t recognize; didn’t callC.haven’t recognized; didn’t callD.recognized; hag called24、no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A.Were thereB.Had there beenC.If there areD.If there have been25、_______not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.A.It wereB.Were itC.It wasD.Was it语法填空26、I want you, my dear readers, to live a life like a dog. Am I crazy? No. What I tell you is really useful.Be yourself. When we adopted Rocky, I almost forgot to ask his name. The clerk said, "It's Rocky, but I will change it to Pierre, if I ①__________(be) you. We soon learned this black boy was anything but a Pierre. He’s athletic,funny,②__________(society) , and free. The name Rocky suits him well. No matter ③__________others think you should be like,it’s always bes t to be your true self.Master the basics. Eat, sleep, exercise, and connect with your family. Rocky is never too busy to eat, too distracted to sleep, or too tired to go for a walk, ④__________does he ever turn down an opportunity to connect. His wagging-tail greetings, kisses, and ability ⑤__________(land) directly in the middle of the sitting room ⑥__________(be) all powerful statements about just how-basic the need to connect really is. And yet, in today's world, ⑦__________is often easy to forget that family and friends are ⑧__________(actual) the basics.Explore, explore, explore. Curious and smart. Rocky always seems ready to explore new territory. He'll be happy to learn a new “trick”,climb new hills, or try new toys. In life, the⑨__________(choose) is yours: play it safe and keep staying, ⑩__________ face the unknown and continue to grow.短文改错27、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

第1章专题8情态动词与虚拟语气1.(2011·全国卷，8)If you ________ smoke, please go outside.A．can B．shouldC．must D．may答案：C。

句意：如果你一定要吸烟，请到外面去。

if you must do sth.“如果你一定要做某事”(表示虽不赞同，但允许)，为习惯用语。

2．(2011·重庆卷，25)—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?—I wanted to, but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night.A．could B．mightC．would D．should答案：C。

本题考查情态动词。

句意：——昨天晚上你为什么没有参加西蒙的聚会？——我想去，只是我妈妈不愿意让我晚上那么晚出去。

would此处表示意愿，符合题意。

could“可能”；might“可能，可以”；should“应当”。

3．(2011·四川卷，20)The police still haven't found the lost child，but they're doing all they ________.A．can B．mayC．must D．should答案：A。

本题考查情态动词。

句意：警察还是没有找到那个走失的孩子，但是他们在尽最大努力。

can表示能力，意为：能够。

all they can同all that they can do。

4．(2011·新课标卷，32)They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A．will B．canC．must D．should答案：D。