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iData_煤矿单轨吊轨道内力计算及选型_张小俊

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doi ：10.11799/ce201404010收稿日期：2013－06－15作者简介：张小俊（1984－），男，重庆人，硕士研究生，工程师，现主要从事煤矿设计工作，E －mail ：zhangxiaojungf@ 。

引用格式：张小俊．煤矿单轨吊轨道内力计算及选型［J ］．煤炭工程，2014，46（4）：29－31．煤矿单轨吊轨道内力计算及选型张小俊（中煤科工集团重庆设计研究院，重庆400016）摘要：在设计煤矿单轨吊轨道运输系统时，需准确获取单轨吊轨道受力情况，以便对轨道进行选型，但目前主要是采用经验类比法对轨道进行选型，没有确凿的理论支撑。

文章根据钢结构设计原理对单轨吊轨道复杂受力情况作了详细分析和计算，最后还给出了不同轨道型号、不同跨度条件下轨道能承受的最大荷载，以供设计人员参考。

关键词：单轨吊;轨道内力;I140E 轨道;运输系统中图分类号：TD524文献标识码：B 文章编号：1671－0959（2014）04-0029-03Internal Force Calculation and Selection on MineMonorail CraneZHANG Xiao －jun（CCTEG Chongqing Design and Ｒesearch Institute Company Limited ，Chongqing 400016，China ）Abstract ：In the design of monorail crane transportation system ，precise force analysis was required for the selection of monorail crane．Aiming at the current condition of monorail crane selection using experience analogies without certain theoretical support ，and according to the principal of steel structure ，the complicated stress condition of monorail crane was analyzed and calculated in detail ，obtaining the peak load of the monorail with different rail types and different spans ，providing references for designers．Keywords ：monorail crane ；internal force ；I140E rail ；rail transportation system 为了适应大型矿井现代化快速辅助运输需求［1，2］，单轨吊需考虑不同运输对象，如运送人员、辅助材料、支架等，分析认为当整体运输支架时，单轨吊轨道需承受最大荷载，运输支架需要专用的起吊梁设备进行起吊运输，其原理是起吊梁吊起支架，将重量传递给轨道。

具体为起吊梁通过多个承载小车与轨道下翼缘联接，各个承载小车均分支架及起吊梁的重量，当单轨吊机车牵引起吊梁运行时，各个承载小车（每个承载小车可等效为一个集中荷载）在轨道下翼缘滚动，使得轨道受力较为复杂。

目前主要是采用经验类比法对轨道进行选型，没有确凿的理论支撑。

为此，本文将对单轨吊轨道受力情况进行分析和计算［3，4］。

1单轨吊专用轨道型号及参数目前国内外常用的单轨吊专用轨道型号主要有两种：I140E （轻轨）及I140V （重轨），其中大部分矿井采用轻轨，均为德国标准制造，材质为S355J2G3（DIN20593标准［5］）。

对于运输荷载较小时，国内有采用14号工字钢来代替的。

轨道长度主要有1.8m 、2.0m 、2.4m 、3.0m ，弯道处采用较小长度，如1.0m 、1.5m 。

轨道截面尺寸特性见表1。

表1轨道截面特性型号高度h /mm 宽度b 1/mm 腰厚d /mm 翼缘t/mm 理论重量/（kg ·m －1）抗弯模量W x/cm 3抗弯模量W y /cm 3I140E 155697.016.222.8152.623.5I140V 15569816.232.4217.8649.39I140140805.59.116.910216.1从表1中可以直观地看出单轨吊专用轨道翼缘厚度比国产型钢厚得多，抗弯模量也较国产型钢大得多。

2轨道受力计算2.1抗弯强度计算单轨吊轨道受力按简支梁进行简化后如图1所示，显然，当荷载移动到跨中时，轨道承受最大弯矩及挠度。

轨92第46卷第4期2014年第4期煤炭工程COAL ENGINEEＲINGVol.46，No.4No.4，2014道抗弯强度按式（1）计算：σ=M x ΨW nx=K 1.4ˑ14Fl +1.2ˑ18ql ()2）7W nx≤f （1）式中，M x 为在竖向荷载作用下绕强轴（X 轴）的弯矩设计值；Ψ为考虑截面磨损的折减系数，可取0.9；K 为附加安全系数，由于井下情况复杂，并考虑动力因素，附加安全系数取1.1 1.4；W nx 为梁绕X 轴的净截面抵抗矩；f 为钢材的抗弯强度设计值。

图1单轨吊轨道梁简化受力图（mm ）2.2抗剪强度计算抗剪强度按式（2）计算：τ=VSIt w≤f v （2）式中，V 为剪力设计值；S 为中和轴以上毛截面对中和轴的面积矩；I 为毛截面惯性矩；t w 为腹板厚度；f v 为钢材抗剪强度设计值。

若为型钢，可采用近似方法，忽略翼缘板的作用，按式（3）进行验算：τ=Vh w t w≤f v（3）式中，h w 为腹板高度。

当梁的翼缘有削弱时应加大一些，可将V 乘以系数1.2 1.5。

2.3挠度计算挠度包括两部分：集中力产生的挠度和自重产生的挠度，两部分叠加，可按式（4）计算：v =Fl 348EI x +5ql4384EI x≤［v ］=l /400（4）2.4稳定性验算轨道梁的稳定性满足式（5）的要求。

M xφb ΨW x＜f（5）式中，φb 为当集中荷载作用在工字钢下翼缘时梁的整体稳定系数。

当工字形截面简支梁受压翼缘的自由长度与其宽度之比不超过规范所规定的数值时，梁的整体稳定可以得到保证，不必计算，否则需要进行稳定性验算。

2.5局部应力及折算应力验算单轨吊悬挂在轨道下翼缘并沿轨道行驶，此时轨道下翼缘不仅产生整体应力，还产生轴轮压作用造成的横向和纵向局部应力。

所以轨道下翼缘是在一种复杂的应力状态下工作，对于运输重物或支架时，轨道梁需要进行下翼缘折算应力补充验算。

图2单轨吊局部受力图在轮压集中力P max 作用下，工字钢轨道梁的腹板根部点1及下翼缘外边点2的局部应力分别按下式计算［6］，单轨吊局部受力图如图2所示。

点1：σx 1=－k x 1P maxt 2σy 1=k y 1P maxt 2点2：σy 2=k y 2P maxt 2式中，P max 为梁一侧一个最大轮压设计值；t 为翼缘计算厚度；k x 1、k y 1、k x 2、k x 2为系数，可按ξ值查k －ξ值曲线图中各曲线图获得，k －ξ值曲线图如图3所示。

图3k －ξ值曲线图轨道下翼缘下表面各危险点的应力是由整体应力和局部应力合成的折算应力，可按第四强度理论进行计算，分别按下式计算：点1：σ1=σ2x 1+（σy 1+σy 0）2－σx 1（σy 1+σy 0槡）≤β1f点2：σ2=σy 2+σy 0＜β2f式中，σy 0为轨道整体应力，即轨道跨内最大弯矩引起的应力，最大弯矩考虑影响线作用；σx 1、σy 1分别为腹板根部点1局部应力；σy 2为下翼缘外边点2局部应力；β1、β2分别为折算应力的强度设计值增大系数，分别取1.2、1.1。

3算例设计资料：轨道选用I140E （S355J2G3），轨道常用跨度l =3.0m （如图1所示），轨道自重均布荷载标准值q =0.228kN /m ，轨道所受最大集中荷载标准值F =30kN ，E =200GPa ，轨道所受最大剪力标准值V 标准=30kN （两个最大集中荷载位于同一轨道），承载小车（每个承载小车均有4个轮子）最大轮压P max =30/4=7.5kN 。

3煤炭工程2014年第4期1）抗弯强度验算。

σ=1.1ˑ（1.4ˑ14ˑ30000ˑ3.0+1.2ˑ18ˑ228ˑ3.02）0.9ˑ152.6=254.8MPa≤325MPa（满足要求）2）抗剪强度验算。

τ=Vhwtw=1.5ˑ（1.4ˑ30000）（155－16.2ˑ2）ˑ7=73.4MPa≤fv=190MPa（满足要求）3）挠度验算。

v=30000ˑ3000348ˑ200ˑ103ˑ（152600ˑ1552）+5ˑ2281000ˑ30004384ˑ200ˑ103ˑ（152600ˑ155 2）=7.2mm≤［v］=3000/400=7.5mm（满足要求）4）稳定性验算。

由于l1b1=300069=43.5＞16.5ˑ槡235/345，所以需要进行稳定性验算。

查轧制工字钢简支梁的φb［4］（根据工字钢型号，轨道长度，跨中有无侧向支承，集中力作用位置情况查表），得φb=1.95＞0.6，应采用下式计算的φ'b代替φb。

φ'b=1.07－0.282φb=1.07－0.2821.95=0.93将φ'b=0.93代入式（5）得：MxφbΨW x=273.9MPa≤325MPa（满足要求）5）局部应力及折算应力验算。

根据单轨吊制造厂家提供的轮子数据估算：c=26.5mm，则ξ=c/a=26.5/31=0.85，查图3中各曲线得：kx1=1.8，ky1=0.5，ky2=2.5。

Pmax=1.05ˑ7.5=7.9kN（动力系数取1.05）局部应力验算如下：点1：σx1=－kx1Pmaxt2=－1.8ˑ10.5ˑ10316.22=－54.2MPaσy1=ky1Pmaxt2=0.5ˑ10.5ˑ10316.22=15.0MPa点2：σy2=ky2Pmaxt2=2.5ˑ10.5ˑ10316.22=75.2MPa折算应力验算如下：由前计算可知，轨道整体应力为：σy0=σ=254.8MPa点1：σ1=（－54.2）2+（15.0+254.8）2－（－54.2）ˑ（15.0+254.8槡）=300.6MPa≤1.2ˑ325MPa（满足要求）点2：σ2=75.2+254.8=330MPa≤1.1ˑ325MPa（满足要求）通过以上计算表明，轨道跨度为3m时，I140E能承受30kN的荷载要求。

6）轨道选型。

不同轨道类型、轨道材质、轨道长度下轨道能承受的最大荷载见表2。

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煤矿井下单轨吊机车选型计算

煤矿井下单轨吊机车选型计算

根据单轨吊机车运输所需要的牵引力计算，运 输 ZF10000 型液压支架时所需牵引力 F[2]：
F=Wo+Wi+Wa 式中： Wo- 基本阻力，N；
2019 年第 2 期
131
Wi- 坡道阻力，N； Wa- 惯性力，N。 Wo=（P+Q）g•ω=8500N
式中：
P- 列 车 质 量， 机 车 自 重 9250kg， 起 吊 梁
1 单轨吊运行环境
303 盘 区 轨 道 巷 沿 5# 煤 层 泥 岩 顶 板 掘 进， 巷 道 断 面 为 矩 形， 设 计 规 格 为 4.0m×3.4m， 全 长 1800m，巷道采用锚喷支护。该巷道原采用小绞车 接力运输，运输效率低且在支架运输过程中易生事 故，因此改造了 303 盘区辅助运输系统，准备采用 单轨吊运输，通过道岔与各采煤工作面运输联巷连 接。单轨吊设计运送 ZF10000 型支架重量为 31t，
130
2019 年第 2 期
煤矿井下单轨吊机车选型计算
李永军
( 大同煤矿集团朔州朔煤王坪煤电有限责任公司，山西 怀仁 038300)
摘 要 现对单轨吊运输系统的选型计算没有统一的标准，王坪煤矿 303 盘区轨道巷的断面 13.6m2，巷道的最大坡度为
18°，运送的最大设备重量为 31t。根据以上的参数，通过对单轨吊设备简化受力分析计算，得出选用 DLZ130F-8 型单轨
2 单轨吊设备选型
2.1 单轨吊机车选型 防爆蓄电池单轨吊机车及防爆柴油单轨吊机车
常常用在煤矿井下辅助运输中。其中，防爆蓄电池 单轨吊机车适用于近距离、运量小、坡度较平缓的 条件；而防爆柴油单轨吊机车适用于长距离、运量 大、大坡度的条件 [2]。根据 303 盘区轨道巷的基本 情况及运输设备的重量，可选择 DLZ130F-8 型单 轨吊机车，其由 8 驱驱动单元组成，额定功率为 95kW，4 个气缸，冷却方式采用循环水冷却，机车 自重为 9.25t，额定牵引力为 200kN。
镇城底矿单轨吊悬挂锚杆载荷计算分析

镇城底矿单轨吊悬挂锚杆载荷计算分析

镇城底矿单轨吊悬挂锚杆载荷计算分析李宝荣【摘要】目前镇城底矿南六下组煤轨道大巷采用无极绳运输方式,材料设备进入工作面需要多次转载,且矿车容易掉道,安全隐患突出,因此矿方决定采用先进辅助运输方式单轨吊作为南六下组煤的辅助运输方式,通过对悬挂锚杆的锚固力计算,得到轨道锚杆可以有效的承载单轨吊设备的重量的结论.【期刊名称】《机械管理开发》【年(卷),期】2018(033)006【总页数】3页(P44-45,64)【关键词】单轨吊;悬挂锚杆;载荷计算分析【作者】李宝荣【作者单位】西山煤电(集团)有限责任公司总调度室,山西太原030053【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TD823引言镇城底矿井田以断层、钻孔连线及主要大巷延伸线为边界，划分为东、西、南三翼。

东、西两翼已经回采完毕，南翼划分为南一、南二、南三、南六四个采区。

采区布置及开采顺序原则上为由近及远前进式开采，煤层群先上层后下层，即先采2、3号煤，再采8号煤。

矿井原煤以2、3号煤和8号煤按1:1的比例进行配采，目前现采采区有两个，即南一下组采区、南六上组采区，目前2、3号煤采掘活动主要在南六上组采区，接替采区为南三上组采区；8号煤采掘活动主要在南一下组采区，接替采区为南六下组煤采区[1]。

目前，镇城底矿南六下组煤轨道大巷采用无极绳运输方式，材料设备进入工作面需要多次转载，且矿车容易掉道，安全隐患突出，因此矿方决定采用先进辅助运输方式单轨吊作为南六下组煤的辅助运输方式，本文通过对悬挂锚杆的锚固力计算，得到有效的承载单轨吊六设备的重量的锚杆选型结论[2-3]。

1 25 t起吊梁吊装示意图（如图1所示）图1 25 t起吊梁吊装示意图（单位：mm）其中轨道间距为2.25 m，起吊梁小车间距为2.01 m和1 m。

2 承载23 t液压支架受力分析承载23t液压支架，起吊梁自重3t，总重26t，8个承载小车平均受力，则单个承载车受力[4-6]如图2所示。

图2 单个承载车受力示意图2.1 当承载小车在其吊点正下方如图3所示，吊点对左侧轨道的起吊力F1满足：图3 承载车位于吊点下方受力示意图（未标单位：mm）代入数据计算得：F1=1.806 t。

煤矿井下单轨吊车的选型计算外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

煤矿井下单轨吊车的选型计算外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

Selection calculation of the monorail hoist in coal mineZHUANG YanAbstract：This paper introduces the applicable conditions and the selection calculation of the monorail hoistbriefly, and pointe out its application characteristics. This provides the reasonable selection of the monorailhoist with the necessary theoretical basis.Keywords：monorail hoist; applicable condition; computing method; characteristicsMonorail crane is used in coal mine, especially in mining area up, down and down the mountain. Auxiliary equipment for transporting materials, equipment and personnel in working face drift. One of the preparations. Monorail crane can be divided into steel wire according to different traction modes. Rope traction and locomotive traction can be divided into two categories, and locomotive traction mode can be divided into two categories. There are two types of locomotive traction: explosion-proof clean diesel locomotive and battery locomotive. General information. The monorail crane trains for material, equipment and personnel transportation are composed of 3. When transporting heavy equipment, only one group consists of two groups. The load-bearing vehicle for lifting the composite beam.1 applicable conditions of monorail crane(1) Monorail crane is hanging on the roadway roof or support to transport negative load. It is not affected by floor deformation (floor heave) and material accumulation in roadway. A reliable hanging bearing device is required. Hanging on arched or trapezoidal steel support. When the support is mounted on the scaffold, itshall be reinforced with braces. When the anchor rod is used for suspension, each hanger shall be used. Two bolts with anchoring force of more than 60 kn shall be used for rail point. Roadway fault. The surface should be greater than or equal to 7 m2.(2) It can be used for horizontal and inclined roadway transportation. For inclined roadway. When transportation, the locomotive traction monorail crane, gradient ≤ 18 degrees, the best use. The slope is less than 12 degrees (the maximum is 40 degrees in foreign countries). Rope traction monorail crane gradient ≤25 ° and 45 ° in foreign countries. The maximum single piece transport mass is 12-15t. The minimum horizontal radius of curvature is 4 M.(3) Locomotive traction monorail crane has the characteristics of mobility and flexibility. Each locomotive can realize the transportation of materials, equipment and personnel in multiple branch roadways. Transportation, can not be reprinted, not limited by the distance. Monorail with rope traction. The crane needs to install a large number of rope pulleys on the curve, and can not enter the branch. The transportation distance is generally 1-2 km, and the maximum is not more than 3 km. Because of luck Long distance, train running resistance, traction rope resistance, track and support. The bearing capacity of the monorail, the guide wire rope and the. The tension of wire rope will tend to be complicated.(4) There is a small amount of pollution and difference in the exhaust gas of diesel monorail crane. Therefore, the use of roadway should have enough air volume to dilute harmful gas. Body, so as to achieve the degree of non-destructive health.(5) The biggest advantage of battery monorail crane is no air pollution. However, limited by the storage capacity of the battery, the battery monorail crane is difficult tooperate. It is suitable for low traction and ventilation. Poor tunnelling for transporting materials and personnel.2 selection calculation of monorail craneThe main content of monorail crane selection calculation includes the selection of monorail crane. The type of winch, the calculation of the actual traction force, the choice of winch or diesel. Calculation of daily transportation capacity of single monorail crane and determination of mining area. Or the number of monorail cranes required by the whole mine.2.1 selection of monorail crane type(1)The necessary known conditions for monorail crane calculation are: ①transportation distance. The results show that: 1) the distance between the running track and the running track; 2) the gradient of the running tunnel; 3) whether the running track has branches; 4) the distance between the running track and the running track. The maximum mass of the single piece to be transported;5）whether to transport personnel.(2)According to the known conditions and the applicability of the above monorail cranes. Around, choose wire rope traction monorail crane or diesel monorail crane (also Explosion proof special type battery monorail crane can be selected.)2.2 calculation of traction and power of monorail craneIn order to calculate the traction force of monorail crane, the monorail cranemust be determined first. The single maximum transportation volume of the vehicle, that is, the production volume served by the monorail crane is calculated. Point to material and equipment requirements. The calculation should be based on the quality of the material. The weight of each transport unit is 3 T, That is: 1) the transportation volume of each container is 2.5 T, and 3.5 t without container t. (2) materials less than 3.1 m in length are transported in containers, and those more than 3.1 m in length are transported in containers .M.General Monorail.Generally, the monorail crane only hangs 3-4 lifting beams at a time, that is to transport one beam. Each train can only transport 3-4 tons of materials, equipment and personnel each time. Transportation unit (or 3-4 people vehicles); transport large equipment such as hydraulic support. When erecting, the monorail crane can only hang one combined lifting beam. Monorail hanging train. The total mass of the vehicle is g, and the payload is Q. according to the above three conditions, the. The maximum value of (Q + G) is taken to calculate the traction force.(1) Calculation of traction forceF＝(Q+G)g /1000η B (µcosα+g sin α)(1)Where: F is the traction force of monorail crane, kn; G is the total mass of monorail Quantity, kg; q is the payload, kg; μ is the ru nning resistance of monorail crane. Coefficient, μ = 0.3; α is roadway dip angle, (°); η B is line efficiency, When the line is a straight line, η B = 0.8, and η b decreases by 0.01 for every 15 ° increase in horizontal curve.The traction force of winch or diesel locomotive is selected according to f value, and the latter needs to be adjusted, Slightly larger than the former.(2) Calculation of motor power. The shaft power n of traction winch can be calculated according to the following formulaN＝F v/η A (2)Where: V is the running speed, v = 2 m / S; η A is the driving device efficiency 75.According to the n value, select the motor capacity n standard, n standard ≥ n.2.3 selection calculation of wire rope for monorail crane with wire rope tractionThe traction winch of monorail crane is hydraulic friction winch with steel wire rope Closed loop.Its transmission principle is friction transmission, and the tension on both sides of the large friction wheel is FY And FL. The relationship between the two can be expressed by Euler's formula, that isF y＝Fl eµα(3)Where: FY Is the tension at the point where the wire rope meets the friction wheel, kn; fl by. Tension at the separation point of wire rope and friction wheel, kn; μ is the tension between wire rope and friction wheel. Friction factor between wheels, μ = 0.1; α is the friction factor of wire rope on friction wheel. The envelop angle is α = 5 and π = 900 degrees.(1) Tension calculation of wire rope at winch separation pointBecause f = FY - FL = fl(E μ α - 1), so the wire rope is in the winch. The minimum tension fl min at the separation point of the friction wheel can be calculated by the following formulaFl min＝F/ (eµα -1)n (4)Where: n is the friction reserve coefficient, n = 1.15-1.2.(2) Calculation of breaking force of wire rope. The breaking force FB of wire rope can be calculated according to the following formulaFB＝Q+G ─── 1 000 g ma sin α 。

iData_厚煤层全煤巷道单轨吊车的联合锚杆吊挂技术_李安邦

iData_厚煤层全煤巷道单轨吊车的联合锚杆吊挂技术_李安邦

第24卷第3期2014年5月黑龙江科技大学学报Journal of Heilongjiang University of Science ＆TechnologyVol．24No．3May 2014厚煤层全煤巷道单轨吊车的联合锚杆吊挂技术李安邦1，聂羽2，刘成良2（1．山东科技大学工程实训中心，山东青岛266510；2．新汶矿业集团（伊犁）能源开发有限责任公司一矿，新疆维吾尔自治区伊宁835300）摘要:为解决伊犁一矿厚煤层全煤巷道单轨吊车悬吊问题，研究了联合锚杆吊挂单轨吊技术。

该技术采用普通长度锚杆+专用吊挂板的方法在煤巷中悬吊单轨吊车。

对运输综采支架时的吊挂点进行最大受力分析和锚杆的锚固力测定，结果验证了联合锚杆吊挂技术的可行性。

该研究为伊犁矿区单轨吊车辅助运输方式的改进提供了借鉴。

关键词:单轨吊;锚杆;厚煤层巷道;吊挂技术doi :10.3969/j．issn．2095－7262.2014.03.013中图分类号：TD524文章编号：2095－7262（2014）03－0282－03文献标志码：ATechnique of common anchor hanging monorail in thickcoal seam full-coal lanewayLI Anbang 1，NIE Yu 2，LIU Chengliang 2（1．Department of Engineering Training Centre ，Shandong University of Science ＆Technology ，Qingdao 266510，China ；2．No．1Coal Mine ，Xinwen Mining Group （Yili ）Energy Development Limited Liability Company ，Yining 835300，China ）Abstract ：This paper introduces a combined anchor bolt suspension monorail technique ，specially designed for addressing the monorail suspension exposed to the thick coal seam full-coal laneway condi-tions in Yili No．1coal mine．This technique uses a combination of common anchor bolt and dedicated suspend board to hang monorail in coal laneway．The feasibility of the technique is validated by analyzing the maximum force acting on hanging points ，as when fully mechanized mining supporters are transported and measuring anchorage force．This research promises to improve auxiliary transportation method in Yili mining area．Key words ：monorail crane ；anchor bolt ；thick coal seam laneway ；hanging technology收稿日期：2014－02－21第一作者简介：李安邦（1985－），男，山东省泰安人，助理工程师，硕士，研究方向：矿山机械，E-mail ：lablablab@163．com 。