五年级下册知识点
一、名词(单数,复数,不可数)
1.单数 a fairy , a toothache (two fairies )
an art room/ English teacher / idea / umbrella ( a、e、i、o、u)
2.复数1、一般直接+s:trains,students,
2、以s、 x、 sh、ch结尾,加es:bus-buses,class-classes,
3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,加es:library—libraries
hobby---hobbies city——cities family——families
4、以o结尾的,加es:potato,tomato ,mango,黑人(Negro),英雄(hero)
5、不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen
child-children foot-feet,tooth-teeth
3、不可数bread,meat,soup, milk,juice,tea , rice …
二、人称代词
1、主格:I we you you he she he it they
★2、宾格:me us you you him her him it them
try it/them on help me/him/her
What’s wrong with him/her/them? eat them
be bad for us Let me/us…、do(动词原形)
give it a cake come to see him
Fit me well (非常适合我,这里不用very,用well即可,其她场合的很/非常要加very)
3、形容词性物主代词: my our your your his her its their
★三、介词
1、表示时间的:
①in ＋月份: in January , in April
②in the morning /afternoon/evening
③in ＋季节: in winter
④on ＋具体日期on the 23rd of June
⑤at ＋具体时刻at five o’clock
2、表示节日的:
①at Spring Festival at Christmas / Halloween
②on Mother’s Day (单数) on Children’s Day 在儿童节(复数)
3、表示地点的:(far from/near/next to/beside/behind/between/under/in/on/at)
①at the party / at the prince’s house / at the traffic lights / at the bus stop
at Park Station / at home/school
②on your left
③on Moon Street / in Sunshine Town
★四、季节与月份
Spring is in March,April and May、warm
Summer is in June,July and August、hot
Autumn is in September,October and November、cool
Winter is in December,January and February、cold
★五、基数词与序数词
基数词:one two three four five six seven eight nine ten
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen
eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one thirty ···序数词:first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth ···
twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-second
序缩写:
十九nineteen,九十ninety, 第十九nineteenth,第九十ninetieth;
六、哪些情况加动词原形:
1、can /should /would
2、let
3、助动词do/does
4、to
练习:1、Su Hai should ______(take) some medcine、
2、Let’s go and ______(have)a party、
3、______(do)Nancy ______ (like) _______(dance) ?
4、Cinderella has to ______(come) back before 12 o’clock、
七、哪些情况加动词ing
1、be
2、go
3、be good at
4、like
5、what /how about
注意:动词ing形式也叫作动词的现在分词(-ing),变化规则:
(1)直接加ing:draw——drawing play——playing
(2)以不发音的e结尾的,去e加ing:dance——dancing skate——skating
make——making have——having write——writing live——living
come------coming ride -------riding drive------driving
(3)以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅元辅”结构的,双写末字母加ing:
swim——swimming run——running chat——chatting
sit——sitting put ——putting shop——shopping
get-----getting
练习:1、Let’s go ________(swim) this afternoon、
2、You’re really good at _________(skate)、
3、_____(be) your uncle ______(read) books now?
4、How about ________(watch) a film?
★八、现在进行时
表示:正在进行的动作或存在的状态。(now/listen/look)
构成: be(is/am/are) ＋动ing
例:特殊疑问句1、What are you doing? I am sweeping the floor、
2、Where are you going? I am going to the playground、
一般疑问句1、Are you cooking tomato soup? Yes,I am、/No, I’m not、
2、Is he looking for some juice? Yes, he is、/No,he isn’t、
九、一般现在时
表示:经常发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。
(always 总就是;usually 通常;often经常;sometimes有时候) 例:What do you (usually) do on your birthday?
What do you eat at Spring Festival?
★注意主语就是三单时,动词要变为动三单形式,变化规则如下:
1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s、: climbs / takes/ picks
2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es、
例: teaches , watches, does , goes, catches ,brushes
