中国气象资源NASA数据优劣之最统计表

省名城市名solarradiation -horizontal）（Windspeed）（Airtemperature）Relativehumidity）Atmosphericpressure）（Earthtemperature）（Heatingdegree-days）（Coolingdegree-days）kWh/m²/day m/s°C%kPa°C°C-d°C-d北京北京市 4.355 3.08510.7960.47397.14512.2473324.0502064.450天津天津市 4.365 2.80812.4110.47399.82014.0122900.2502356.200上海上海市 3.821 4.41215.7010.782101.48816.2301680.0002548.000重庆重庆市 3.108 2.45613.7580.78893.37514.7802214.2432142.649安徽淮北市 4.066 2.74816.3450.616101.17517.7241743.4002919.800宿州市 4.076 2.79816.1820.618101.16217.5611770.3332880.333亳州市 4.031 2.68816.4790.616101.12717.8651712.2002947.600淮南市 3.894 2.87016.2530.685100.99317.3161674.0002822.429蚌埠市 3.929 2.92916.0470.687101.16417.0941717.2502778.750滁州市 3.887 3.05015.8180.715101.27716.6661741.4442701.889阜阳市 3.909 2.72016.5650.643100.77717.8431648.5002929.000芜湖市 3.728 3.03415.7760.756100.52516.2591720.5002665.333马鞍山市 3.750 3.04715.7700.756100.75416.2701727.0002667.000合肥市 3.726 2.86515.8810.748100.67916.4151704.7502689.000六安市 3.732 2.82516.1160.709100.14116.9541661.7502763.250铜陵市 3.663 2.73116.1270.74999.54616.4601601.0002725.000安庆市 3.651 2.75516.1330.74499.52516.5551596.3332728.667池州市 3.663 2.73116.1270.74999.54616.4601601.0002725.000宣城市 3.638 3.03015.7470.76099.64816.1581703.1252644.625黄山市 3.567 2.77016.1080.74798.48916.4981605.1252706.250巢湖市 3.718 2.92015.8310.755100.65916.3141711.6672675.000福建莆田市 3.638 3.98819.5990.79099.18621.500611.8333580.833厦门市 3.983 4.44920.3780.78499.46721.860451.2863873.286泉州市 3.876 4.27719.6820.78698.96120.968625.0773656.923漳州市 3.857 3.73419.6430.77698.49420.900618.7503667.250南平市 3.524 2.89816.1030.77696.17216.6171553.0912653.455龙岩市 3.620 3.30017.6440.77596.65318.4271121.0003030.000福州市 3.582 3.59718.1690.79298.27019.584956.1433183.286宁德市 3.629 3.39817.0640.78597.60718.0141270.6002898.600三明市 3.532 3.18816.7340.77896.29517.3621410.4622782.615海南三沙市 4.547 5.60024.3390.825100.25625.76515.0005240.000三亚市 4.547 5.60024.3390.825100.25625.76515.0005240.000海口市 4.430 3.83323.3030.810100.78924.71395.0004855.000五指山市 4.457 4.80123.9470.824100.36425.24035.2505113.750河北张家口市 4.472 3.652 6.7200.52190.6028.3544487.6821447.500承德市 4.439 4.0027.4960.51294.5858.8224223.1671569.167唐山市 4.379 3.42310.9330.53399.43412.2623168.4671968.400沧州市 4.326 2.67113.8310.478100.42915.5472555.7222597.833保定市 4.319 2.83912.0870.46997.07413.8002979.3082267.308廊坊市 4.332 2.82612.3980.46699.15913.9672913.3642341.273衡水市 4.314 2.68014.2080.47799.74415.9472447.8332647.833石家庄市 4.302 2.82411.6780.48495.61313.4453072.8972179.483邢台市 4.292 2.73712.8000.49697.05014.4992783.2082374.042秦皇岛市 4.285 3.92110.6260.55799.80711.9913220.7501877.125邯郸市 4.228 2.51513.6520.53197.69415.0792468.5002453.550濮阳市 4.223 2.48115.1780.545100.40416.5552091.1432752.714新乡市 4.147 2.35814.0090.54997.10615.5052336.0772464.769焦作市 4.128 2.29413.5690.55996.02015.0952433.8332356.250省名城市名solarradiation -horizontal）（Windspeed）（Airtemperature）Relativehumidity）Atmosphericpressure）（Earthtemperature）（Heatingdegree-days）（Coolingdegree-days）kWh/m²/day m/s°C%kPa°C°C-d°C-d河南鹤壁市 4.139 2.39814.8400.54398.94516.2902154.0002660.000商丘市 4.101 2.55016.1310.579100.96917.6041834.0002911.500开封市 4.074 2.33215.9870.559100.16217.5691885.0002884.000郑州市 4.015 2.19615.2720.56298.40016.8612043.8462702.385许昌市 4.010 2.22215.5690.56498.93717.1451974.4292769.286三门峡市 3.985 2.26711.8960.64093.52713.3842839.5711994.000漯河市 3.947 2.30216.3000.593100.06117.7571778.4002915.200周口市 4.008 2.42916.3900.591100.58017.8601759.4002947.100洛阳市 3.944 2.06513.7090.59495.81115.1542373.8002332.533平顶山市 3.883 2.13515.6760.59298.77317.1151918.3642759.545驻马店市 3.883 2.46916.5230.622100.33017.8371678.5452937.818信阳市 3.818 2.64516.5480.653100.35317.7311626.8182908.273安阳市 4.203 2.47813.7350.53697.52915.1682437.0002458.000南阳市 3.804 2.03415.0420.62497.61216.3332027.0002592.643黑龙江大庆市 4.052 4.320 4.4980.56999.295 4.9725305.9001396.800哈尔滨市 3.921 3.437 4.4810.61498.346 4.4995240.7221284.222绥化市 3.959 3.622 3.7010.60998.836 3.7195533.0001259.091齐齐哈尔市 3.930 3.950 2.4780.58998.117 2.4655935.7331172.533牡丹江市 3.864 3.516 3.1980.67196.530 3.2085569.1821050.818鸡西市 3.845 3.863 3.4830.66898.020 3.2105488.7001111.800七台河市 3.849 4.123 3.4800.65897.647 3.2855502.0001119.000佳木斯市 3.771 3.625 2.6810.68398.666 2.2615775.3331072.417双鸭山市 3.805 3.359 2.9230.69999.063 2.4535678.4441083.889伊春市 3.727 3.128 1.8970.66397.547 1.2256042.882991.588鹤岗市 3.723 3.301 2.4030.68398.535 1.8515864.0001033.200黑河市 3.695 4.0530.4500.66797.852-0.0606600.333929.833大兴安岭地区 3.557 3.169-2.2850.63595.181-2.9057516.750724.750湖北襄阳市 3.658 2.07915.1810.66497.66316.2311938.3002582.300随州市 3.707 2.34916.3580.69399.99617.1331601.0002815.000武汉市 3.673 2.63116.5900.731100.10417.3731500.0002827.000鄂州市 3.673 2.63116.5900.731100.10417.3731500.0002827.000黄冈市 3.660 2.72916.5200.72599.86817.2851517.9092820.909黄石市 3.621 2.71216.6500.73399.88717.3811475.7142843.000荆门市 3.614 2.09216.0950.71499.61816.7601636.3332733.500孝感市 3.666 2.37616.4020.720100.16017.0991566.2502796.625十堰市 3.634 2.21611.6240.72892.87212.6432807.4441847.778荆州市 3.494 2.10816.0220.76299.64416.5731602.4442670.000咸宁市 3.462 2.58316.7110.75199.80217.4221444.7142840.857宜昌市 3.369 2.17414.1220.75195.88414.7792078.2862266.714仙桃市 3.553 2.25315.1540.75398.24215.7751846.7502505.250恩施土家族苗族自治州 3.152 2.32112.5270.79092.56313.1662462.6671873.222湖南岳阳市 3.422 2.39516.7100.76299.84317.3951440.9002826.500郴州市 3.320 2.52017.1720.77796.74517.6711299.6672907.833株洲市 3.345 2.51217.1370.76398.36017.7861343.8002933.200湘潭市 3.305 2.35717.3150.76199.15418.0321331.0002978.000长沙市 3.322 2.38616.9440.76399.63317.6411378.6002883.800益阳市 3.299 2.23616.7590.76899.67417.4171424.5712831.857衡阳市 3.295 2.37617.3270.76598.27618.0061343.3082971.077省名城市名solarradiation -horizontal）（Windspeed）（Airtemperature）Relativehumidity）Atmosphericpressure）（Earthtemperature）（Heatingdegree-days）（Coolingdegree-days）kWh/m²/day m/s°C%kPa°C°C-d°C-d湖南常德市 3.253 2.16415.8620.76098.24016.4721660.6002624.900永州市 3.214 2.46116.7740.78796.70017.3091435.9092802.273邵阳市 3.194 2.29616.1050.78297.03016.7901634.0772657.462娄底市 3.252 2.32416.7950.76998.37517.4791461.0002838.500张家界市 3.136 2.19714.5010.76795.64015.0581977.6002306.200怀化市 3.091 2.23414.9890.79395.18815.7961905.9232403.077湘西土家族苗族自治州 3.022 2.23514.1010.79194.42914.7732100.6672201.333吉林白城市 4.164 4.299 5.4750.52498.965 6.2085003.3331521.333四平市 4.138 4.0487.0340.54398.8027.6964431.2861552.143松原市 4.086 4.195 5.8270.54599.245 6.5554881.0001519.600长春市 4.058 3.960 6.2300.57298.230 6.6414668.5451429.182辽源市 4.020 3.615 5.9440.61296.564 6.0724675.0001266.000通化市 3.981 3.491 5.3170.65195.276 5.4434844.0001138.250吉林市 3.976 3.429 5.0220.62596.436 5.1135010.2001221.200白山市 3.965 3.420 4.0090.68093.473 4.1045254.500979.167延边朝鲜族自治州 3.880 3.559 4.5330.63595.557 4.6635064.1111085.778江苏徐州市 4.101 2.84915.6970.617100.96117.0721863.3082761.154连云港市 4.104 3.01014.9520.664101.32516.1671912.5002469.125盐城市 4.021 3.36015.0960.713101.58516.0451855.3002453.500淮安市 4.019 3.08915.3690.692101.50616.3391854.3332611.222宿迁市 4.035 3.01415.6810.660101.31916.9031804.3332710.833南通市 3.897 3.98215.3220.771101.56015.9481766.0002456.556南京市 3.874 3.07815.7590.719101.19516.5601752.2672686.933扬州市 3.900 3.22215.3210.741101.46515.9741838.2502571.125镇江市 3.867 3.24115.3510.752101.39715.9411825.2862572.714泰州市 3.914 3.48915.2150.758101.52915.8281828.8002494.400无锡市 3.787 3.64815.3680.792101.29815.7121795.8892544.556苏州市 3.790 3.75615.3770.793101.34515.7261789.5002538.083常州市 3.776 3.31115.4630.779101.08815.8771781.3752582.750江西上饶市 3.582 2.41916.6650.74998.22417.1141476.0772824.692抚州市 3.506 2.65317.2070.75998.30417.7241343.1672948.500景德镇市 3.601 2.49016.6350.73998.72316.9971480.0002831.600鹰潭市 3.593 2.36416.8900.74998.44417.3501428.2502878.500九江市 3.536 2.72716.9320.74299.76417.5551396.0772903.308南昌市 3.462 2.83717.2950.75299.55517.8861311.1002989.800新余市 3.347 2.76517.5050.75498.95418.1721262.0003046.000赣州市 3.525 2.69418.0750.76297.27018.6681043.7893179.947宜春市 3.391 2.84417.2440.75299.34617.8861316.1822980.545吉安市 3.390 2.64717.5250.75698.55018.1531254.1433045.643萍乡市 3.343 2.57817.2280.75998.69117.8951325.3332964.333辽宁大连市 4.430 4.53111.4650.665101.29912.8952791.2731704.273朝阳市 4.400 4.6187.6350.51197.0379.0224217.5711632.714锦州市 4.309 3.9038.7730.51799.56710.1163872.5711791.714葫芦岛市 4.336 4.1059.3620.53099.15210.9023639.8571794.571营口市 4.281 3.1339.7010.559100.40410.7853502.0001822.000盘锦市 4.255 3.3739.1170.538100.19810.2493738.8001810.800阜新市 4.270 3.9498.3350.50999.2339.7314031.4291758.429沈阳市 4.191 3.5248.3840.54899.3589.1963953.2001654.467省名城市名solarradiation -horizontal）（Windspeed）（Airtemperature）Relativehumidity）Atmosphericpressure）（Earthtemperature）（Heatingdegree-days）（Coolingdegree-days）kWh/m²/day m/s°C%kPa°C°C-d°C-d辽宁鞍山市 4.222 3.3928.9450.54899.8969.9403771.4441746.667抚顺市 4.126 3.5207.7930.57898.3988.3314095.3751508.250本溪市 4.132 3.4887.8850.58098.4398.4454062.4291515.429辽阳市 4.180 3.4828.4040.56199.1549.0883917.0001611.000铁岭市 4.128 3.7077.5870.55198.7258.1854219.5001555.500丹东市 3.999 3.4688.7570.61498.6799.2883714.2861510.429宁夏石嘴山市 4.583 4.5947.3220.50486.8949.9984326.7501534.000中卫市 4.559 4.8407.8320.54183.84710.3403973.0001317.500吴忠市 4.511 4.7447.5650.56484.9569.9454101.4001343.600银川市 4.507 4.6747.7920.52386.35710.3304128.0001513.000固原市 4.285 4.2537.4720.64083.4599.4834016.3331155.667青海海西蒙古族藏族自治州 4.919 5.385-0.2330.39965.136 2.4686606.667110.333海南藏族自治州 4.674 5.2710.8170.53066.265 2.3916195.652124.957玉树藏族自治州 4.778 5.532-2.5030.52758.486-1.1357435.000 4.429西宁市 4.671 5.232 1.8390.52769.802 3.6225808.000180.000海北藏族自治州 4.659 5.384 1.7380.47369.800 3.7025872.000228.600果洛藏族自治州 4.620 5.262-0.5940.55561.5860.6816721.57133.286黄南藏族自治州 4.617 5.205 1.9860.58268.970 3.3505745.600172.800海东地区 4.518 5.190 2.8960.56772.294 4.4015435.714291.143山东威海市 4.364 5.49712.6530.705101.52914.0142392.8001786.200德州市 4.317 2.55414.5930.517100.98916.0672303.0002683.667烟台市 4.311 5.13112.5650.692101.33413.2842488.2311924.308东营市 4.293 3.68813.4450.610101.17014.1232379.0002258.000滨州市 4.313 2.96313.9500.565101.01315.0772362.7502472.750济南市 4.278 2.54714.5430.562100.60415.7892230.0772610.077泰安市 4.263 2.56214.5420.573100.43215.7752204.1432587.143莱芜市 4.288 2.55614.1180.574100.24515.3192309.0002504.000淄博市 4.282 2.80613.8530.594100.46514.9552342.7502433.625聊城市 4.278 2.52014.7350.534100.35416.0732220.0002678.667潍坊市 4.259 3.24013.3550.645100.72314.1302397.6922281.154临沂市 4.224 2.80214.6700.617100.52715.9762079.3852535.385青岛市 4.247 3.80613.0860.691101.19513.8612368.1542092.846济宁市 4.204 2.59915.0800.580100.65416.3612062.8002686.000菏泽市 4.175 2.50815.5530.563100.68216.9431980.4442808.667日照市 4.175 2.92414.1080.653100.83715.2472133.2002318.400枣庄市 4.179 2.73215.1650.597100.60416.5222011.0002671.000台湾台北 4.305 5.96121.8190.78498.88423.653185.4764404.905浙江舟山市 3.927 5.70317.4530.744101.51319.0781152.4002854.400杭州市 3.658 3.49215.8090.77399.99516.3111686.2862650.643嘉兴市 3.723 3.79415.9100.776100.60516.4401660.2862669.714湖州市 3.688 3.44915.7270.775100.38716.2011709.6672636.833绍兴市 3.662 3.68115.9610.771100.04616.5081650.5712689.143宁波市 3.646 4.52716.8370.755100.59917.6711421.8332857.167台州市 3.592 4.50017.6680.754100.22319.1291184.6003017.700温州市 3.612 3.78817.4020.76798.88418.6561224.2732964.636金华市 3.581 3.34115.9940.76298.68416.5871632.6002677.400丽水市 3.560 3.20616.0800.77097.55516.6721580.4002664.600衢州市 3.534 2.75315.8970.75997.37316.3581645.4292637.286省名城市名solarradiation -horizontal）（Windspeed）（Airtemperature）Relativehumidity）Atmosphericpressure）（Earthtemperature）（Heatingdegree-days）（Coolingdegree-days）kWh/m²/day m/s°C%kPa°C°C-d°C-d甘肃金昌市 4.644 5.310 6.2910.43779.8958.4194396.3331027.667甘南藏族自治州 4.479 4.591 2.8960.63370.406 4.0575398.889243.333张掖市 4.607 5.522 4.1710.39975.478 6.4905067.571679.143嘉峪关市 4.558 5.582 3.9200.36374.959 6.2165121.000610.000酒泉市 4.627 5.380 4.9410.36277.1537.4514854.429845.714白银市 4.502 4.8167.0870.57080.9449.2554116.5001046.000临夏回族自治州 4.455 4.740 4.7740.60374.935 6.3664784.000510.000定西市 4.381 3.965 6.0970.62978.0957.8184356.125743.250兰州市 4.439 4.981 5.3670.57176.9637.1924614.857676.571武威市 4.412 5.210 5.3660.51277.8297.2094676.600780.600平凉市 4.178 3.9777.9100.65984.6009.8453908.8751241.375庆阳市 4.211 4.1728.2630.66086.69410.1783882.6671395.111陇南市 3.890 2.5657.1830.72481.3628.3673947.300888.000天水市 4.080 2.7437.2420.67981.6588.7983985.833974.000内蒙古阿拉善盟 4.673 4.9007.8170.43186.19810.6884185.7501614.500鄂尔多斯市 4.616 3.838 5.9350.55586.9828.4884728.2221342.889乌海市 4.608 4.5677.1660.49787.0739.8874393.0001541.000乌兰察布市 4.541 4.095 3.4130.56386.420 5.3185555.7501057.333呼和浩特市 4.550 3.514 4.0330.57286.383 6.2055358.4001147.600包头市 4.554 3.690 4.4310.55286.699 6.8405262.3331241.889巴彦淖尔市 4.517 4.424 5.5090.50587.4848.3224971.8751449.000赤峰市 4.321 4.810 4.0290.53792.730 5.5375376.7691254.692锡林郭勒盟 4.409 5.2800.9820.58888.299 2.6886444.846976.692通辽市 4.230 4.042 6.1030.51497.5497.3204768.4441538.778兴安盟 4.062 4.372 2.5110.55695.881 2.8565888.2861166.714呼伦贝尔市 3.813 3.803-1.8530.63293.489-1.8147352.385806.000山西朔州市 4.524 2.960 5.4430.56887.3937.3924866.6671241.667吕梁市 4.466 3.4347.3860.61088.6109.2484228.1431425.143晋中市 4.433 2.8028.6830.57590.20710.4373830.7501601.917忻州市 4.511 3.031 6.0250.58187.7838.0044677.7141310.357阳泉市 4.406 2.7859.2960.54791.46110.9353662.7271725.455长治市 4.356 2.56710.3370.56392.11811.8493311.8241822.235临汾市 4.273 3.2759.6670.61990.85711.4453521.2221696.389太原市 4.467 2.7867.6260.58788.9069.4784151.4551456.455大同市 4.477 3.198 6.6180.54589.1158.3654500.5001392.375晋城市 4.263 2.49511.1560.56493.00812.7323098.6671961.889运城市 4.106 3.04810.8360.63292.22412.6513180.7691867.000陕西榆林市 4.514 4.116 6.9510.60487.7929.1594378.0001399.538延安市 4.283 4.1488.6020.64489.16410.5253836.4621544.538渭南市 4.041 2.84810.1440.67791.10911.8913340.8331717.833西安市 3.959 2.4769.6500.70689.84011.2833434.6431581.071咸阳市 3.973 2.7589.3090.70288.98710.9703533.2001520.067铜川市 4.052 3.2539.5150.68089.86111.3153517.4001611.000宝鸡市 3.855 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2.26313.3920.75281.83915.4691849.0001766.400玉溪市 4.673 2.36214.6320.74282.16716.3711452.5002001.750保山市 4.550 2.50414.5780.75782.64715.5381341.0001941.667昭通市 3.693 2.22612.5820.75283.80914.4012161.8331685.500丽江市 4.798 2.80210.8020.70675.61412.4732519.8331107.333普洱市 4.628 2.26416.7240.75986.04417.607926.5002592.500临沧市 4.597 2.33816.1860.75484.89817.118984.5002414.875楚雄彝族自治州 4.784 2.49513.6780.71180.01415.5021677.0911750.727大理白族自治州 4.675 2.67812.4830.74278.87813.8791958.5381434.154红河哈尼族彝族自治州 4.521 2.25115.2590.78985.39216.8231387.9232245.385文山壮族苗族自治州 4.243 2.20715.3830.81087.72016.7261448.3332331.778西双版纳傣族自治州 4.659 2.19918.0420.76788.62618.624693.0003007.500德宏傣族景颇族自治州 4.549 2.38918.3550.72988.62018.881554.0003146.000怒江傈僳族自治州 4.302 2.61711.8880.77379.06612.6322179.0001301.000迪庆藏族自治州 4.422 2.997 6.4700.76870.0497.9334084.750393.750贵阳市 3.306 2.18512.9070.83688.91014.1492251.2001843.800六盘水市 4.042 2.15213.0040.77083.53115.0082039.8001765.800遵义市 3.036 2.30013.1540.82290.81014.3402259.2671942.733省名城市名solarradiation -horizontal）（Windspeed）（Airtemperature）Relativehumidity）Atmosphericpressure）（Earthtemperature）（Heatingdegree-days）（Coolingdegree-days）kWh/m²/day m/s°C%kPa°C°C-d°C-d贵州铜仁市 3.012 2.28613.8770.81393.52214.7042142.4552129.818黔西南布依族苗族州 3.849 2.18013.7990.81087.02715.3631913.1251996.375毕节地区 3.349 2.07012.8990.80587.26214.5662216.8751830.625安顺市 3.557 2.13213.1740.81587.15314.7122111.2861875.286黔东南苗族侗族自治州 3.142 2.27314.1990.82192.75015.1052010.0592178.353黔南布依族苗族自治州 3.284 2.22813.6960.83390.81914.7492065.9232033.923香港香港 3.912 4.55822.1580.757100.49723.582232.0004479.000澳门澳门 3.876 4.08321.7690.753100.42222.801312.0004374.000。

2000-2011年中国PM2.5污染时空演化特征与影响因素解析摘要：PM2.5作为中国空气质量恶化与雾霾频发的主要因素，研究意义重大。

研究采用NASA中心2000-2011年遥感反演数据，利用地统计、地理探测器及GIS空间分析方法，首次系统的揭示了中国大陆及台湾地区十多年来PM2.5浓度时空演化格局特征与其驱动因素。

主要结论：（1）2000-2011年中国PM2.5年平均浓度一直保持在22.47μg/m3-28.26μg/m3高位运行，总体呈现先快速增加后趋于稳定的态势，2006年是PM2.5浓度值变化的拐点；（2）中国PM2.5浓度整体呈现北方高于南方，东部高于西部趋势，浓度高值点集中连片分布在黄淮海平原、长三角下游平原、四川盆地与塔克拉玛干沙漠4大重污染区域，其中京津冀地区污染最为严重；（3）2000-2006年PM2.5的污染重心整体呈现明显东移趋势，2006之后污染浓度高值区重心呈现明显东进趋势，低值区则呈现西移趋势，两者重心背向而行；（4）空间自相关分析表明PM2.5年均浓度呈现强烈的局部空间正自相关特性，PM2.5―高-高‖集聚区连片分布在黄淮海平原、汾渭盆地、四川盆地及江汉平原地区；PM2.5 ―低-低‖集聚区分布在长城以北的内蒙古、黑龙江，青藏高原与新疆北部，以及台湾、海南与福建等东南沿海及岛屿地区；（5）地理探测器方法分析表明自然因素与人类活动共同对PM2.5空间分布、浓度变化产生巨大影响，其中人口增长（人口密度）、汽车数量增加、工业烟尘排放、秸秆燃烧是中国PM2.5浓度变化的主要驱动因素。

关键词：PM2.5; 大气污染；时空演化；地理探测器；中国1.引言随着中国城市化、工业化的快速发展，能源消费与居民汽车保有量激增，城市化建设造成的扬尘、煤炭燃烧以及汽车尾气排放产生的大气污染更加严重，导致空气中悬浮颗粒物（TSP）飙升[1,2]。

中国雾霾天气频率呈逐年增多趋势，地缘上形成黄淮海地区、长江三角洲、四川盆地和珠江三角洲四大雾霾区[3,4]。

引文：苗馨月，王克林，卢亚男，等．塔里木盆地太阳能资源分布及可利用量分析[J]．石油石化节能，2023，13（5）：9-14.MIAO Xinyue，WANG Kelin，LU Yanan，et al．Analysis of the distribution and availability of solar energy resources in Tarim Basin[J]．Energy Conservation in Petroleum&PetroChemical Industry，2023，13（5）：9-14.塔里木盆地太阳能资源分布及可利用量分析苗馨月1王克林1卢亚男2杜建龙1曾海刚1马群1曲苗3张烜玮1（1.中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司；2.中国石油天然气股份有限公司天然气销售东部分公司；3.中国石油天然气股份有限公司新疆油田分公司）摘要：新疆塔里木盆地太阳能资源丰富，适合大规模建设光伏电站。

光伏发电清洁能源的开发利用可有效减少二氧化碳排放，对我国“双碳”目标的实现具有重要意义。

文中利用NASA气象数据提取塔里木盆地典型区域的太阳能辐射量，分析年标准日照小时数，理清了新疆环塔里木盆地太阳能资源分布情况。

重点通过选取环塔里木盆地15个监测点，研究了其太阳能资源分布情况。

并基于Klein-Hay最优倾斜计算模型及电站发电效率修正模型，建立计算太阳能光伏发电可利用量的理论分析方法。

模拟分析结果表明环塔里木光伏发电整体利用情况较好，15个监测点25a年均发电量（1MWp装机）均超过1300MWh，研究成果为环塔里木盆地新能源光伏电站的规划建设和新能源的利用提供了技术支撑。

关键词：塔里木盆地；“双碳”目标；新能源；太阳能；光伏发电DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1493.2023.05.003Analysis of the distribution and availability of solar energy resources in Tarim BasinMIAO Xinyue1，WANG Kelin1，LU Yanan2，DU Jianlong1，ZENG Haigang1，MA Qun1，QU Miao3，ZHANG Xuanwei11Tarim Oilfield Company，CNPC2Eastern Company of Natural Gas Marketing，CNPC3Xinjiang Oilfield Company，CNPCAbstract：The Tarim Basin in Xinjiang is rich in solar energy resources，which is suitable for large scale construction of photovoltaic power stations．The development and utilization of photovoltaic power generation clean energy can be effectively reduced carbon dioxide emissions，which is of great significance to the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in China．Using NASA meteorological data to extract the annual solar radiation from typical areas of Tarim Basin，the annual standard sunshine hours are analyzed and the distribution of solar energy resources around the Tarim Ba-sin in Xinjiang is clarified．By selecting15monitoring points around the Tarim Basin，the distribution of solar energy resources is studied．Furthermore，based on the Klein-Hay optimal tilt calculation model and the power generation efficiency correction model of power station，the theoretical analysis method for calculating the available amount of solar photovoltaic power generation is established．The simulation analysis results show that the overall utilization of photovoltaic power generation around Tarim is excellent．The25-year average annual power generation(1MWp installed capacity)of15 monitoring points exceeds1300MWh，which provides technical support for the planning and con-struction of new energy photovoltaic power station around Tarim and utilization of new energy．Keywords：Tarim Basin；carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals；new energy；solar energy；photovoltaic power generation第一作者简介：苗馨月，工程师，2014年毕业于东北石油大学（油气储运专业），从事低碳节能方面的研究工作，139****8330，*******************，新疆省库尔勒市石化大道26号研发中心，841000。

万方数据
万方数据
万方数据
万方数据
我国雾霾天气PM2.5污染特征及其对人群健康的影响
作者：王秦， 李湉湉， 陈晨， 孙庆华， 崔亮亮， 徐东群
作者单位：王秦(中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所空气质量安全监测室,北京,100021)， 李湉湉,陈晨,孙庆华(中国疾病预防控制中心环境健康风险评估室,北京,100021)， 崔亮亮(济南市疾病预防控
制中心环境卫生所)， 徐东群(中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京,100021)
刊名：
中华医学杂志
英文刊名：National Medical Journal of China
年，卷(期)：2013,93(34)
本文链接：/Periodical_zhyx201334002.aspx。

我国⼤⽓环境PM2.5的来源、分布、危害现状分析我国⼤⽓环境PM2.5的来源、分布、危害现状分析摘要：本⽂通过对我国⼤⽓细颗粒物PM2.5的时间、空间分布特征以及来源解析的相关研究进⾏总结，得出PM2.5随时间、空间及⽓象条件变化的规律。

列举了我国部分⼤城市的PM2.5的监测数据，通过对我国整体PM2.5的分析，指出各主要污染源所占的⽐重及存在的问题，为空⽓环境的治理提供参考。

关键词：PM2.5 ⼤⽓污染物污染源分布特征⽐重变化规律存在问题0 前⾔引起⼤⽓环境质量下降的⾸要污染物是可吸⼊颗粒物（空⽓动⼒学当量直径为0.1~10µm），是对⼈体健康危害最⼤的颗粒物质，其中粒径在2.5µm以下的细颗粒物即PM2.5尤甚，它不仅能够通过消光作⽤降低⼤⽓能见度，⽽且由于其在⼤⽓中的传输距离远、停留时间长，对⼤⽓质量有重要的影响。

此外，由于他们具有较⼤的⽐表⾯积，故容易吸附有害元素及化合物，且粒径越⼩，越容易随呼吸通过⿐纤⽑进⼊⾎液或沉积在肺部，使⼈罹患呼吸系统疾病或⼼脑⾎管疾病，甚⾄导致早逝。

因此，PM2.5逐渐成为城市⼤⽓环境质量评价和研究的重点内容。

研究我国PM2.5的分布特征、化学组成、来源等性质，对于尽快开展PM2.5源头控制研究以及应对区域PM2.5复合型污染具有重要意义。

1 什么是PM2.5颗粒图1&2PM2.5颗粒的⽰意图PM2.5颗粒在空⽓动⼒学中是指⼤⽓中直径⼩于或等于2.5微⽶的颗粒物，也称为可⼊肺颗粒物，其直径还不到⼈的头发丝粗细的1/20。

与较粗的⼤⽓颗粒物相⽐，PM2.5粒径⼩，富含有⼤量的有毒、有害物质且在⼤⽓中的停留时间长、输送距离远，因⽽对⼈体健康和⼤⽓环境质量的影响更⼤。

专家们表⽰：按照世界卫⽣组织的评价标准，如果将PM2.5纳⼊国家环境质量监控体系，全国空⽓质量达标的城市会从现在的80%下降到20%。

1.1 PM2.5、PM10和PM100的区别PM，英⽂全称为particulate matter(颗粒物）。

美国太空总署NASA气象资料查询网站的使用方法核心提示：对于光伏系统设计而言，第一步，也是非常关键的一步，就是分析项目安装使用地点的太阳能资源以及相关气象资料。

诸如当地太阳能辐射量、降水量、风速等气象数据，是设计系统的关键数据。

本文向大家介绍目前可以免费查询到全球任何地点的气象数据的网站——NASA美国太空总署气象数据库。

希望对大家有所帮助。

第一步：输入网址/cgi-bin/sse/grid.cgi?email=********************这是已经注册过邮箱的网址，一般来说是可以直接打开的。

如果没法打开，只好请诸位麻烦用自己的邮箱先注册再登录啦~第二步：输入项目安装地的经纬度经纬度数值精确到小数点后两位。

有很多查询地区经纬度的网站和工具，这里不多说。

至于查到的经纬度八成都是“XX度XX分”的格式，怎么换算成“XX点XX度”也不用多说了吧~小学生都会哦~~下面以北京市为例，其经纬度为：北纬39.55?东经116.24?（南纬、西经地区，经纬度前加负）submit 后进入下一页。

第三步：选择需要的气象数据比较重要的有：1：insolation on horizontal surface(average,min,max)，也就是地表太阳辐射量2：Air Temperature at 10m，地平面上10米高度空气温度3：Precipitation，降雨量4：Wind Speed at 50m(average,min,max)，50米高度的风速。

ps：(1)如有必要，此页面还有诸如日照时间、相对湿度、大气压强等数据可供查询。

(2)想要在同一框体中复选，按住Ctrl键。

(3)选择错误想要重新点选，按页面上的reset键。

submit后进入下一页。

第四步：分析查询结果1、insolation on horizontal surface(average,min,max)NASA网站的数据，至少是10年平均数值，太阳辐射量是22年平均值。