三字经及翻译

三字经及翻译

三字经是一部中国古代的儿童启蒙读物，作者是明代的王应麟。这本书共有三百个字，每首只有三个字，以古文的方式写就，是中国儿童文学的经典之作。下面是三字经的全文及其翻译。

人之初，性本善，性相近，习相远。

At the beginning, human nature is good, people are close in nature,

but become different through practice.

苟不教，性乃迁，教之道，贵以专。

If not taught, character will change. The way of education is

valued for its specialization.

昔孟母，择邻处，子不学，断机杼。

In the past, Mencius' mother chose the neighborhood to live in, and

if her son didn't study, she would cut the weaving machine.

窦燕山，有义方，教五子，名俱扬。

Douv Yanshan had a sense of justice, he taught his five sons and

they all became well-known.

养不教，父之过。教不严，师之惰。

If one raises a child without education, it is the fault of the father.

If a teacher doesn't teach well, it is their laziness.

子不学，非所宜，幼不学，老何为。

If a child doesn't learn, it is not appropriate. If a youth doesn't learn,

what will they be when old?

玉不琢，不成器，人不学，不知义。

Jade needs to be carved to become an artifact, if people don't learn,

they won't understand righteousness.

为人子，方少时，亲师友，习礼仪。

As a child, one should respect their parents, teachers, and friends,

and learn etiquette.

香九龄，能温席，孝于亲，所当执。

Xiang Jiuling could warm the bed at the age of nine, she was filial

to her parents, which she should hold on to.

融四岁，能让梨，弟于长，宜先知。

Rong was four years old and could share a pear, younger siblings

should be respectful to their elders, they should know this first.

首孝悌，次见闻，知某数，识某文。

First be filial and respectful, then expand one's knowledge, learn mathematics and literature.

一而十，十而百，百而千，千而万。

Count from one to ten, then from ten to a hundred, from a hundred

to a thousand, from a thousand to ten thousand.

三才者，天地人。三光者，日月星。

The Three Powers are Heaven, Earth, and Man. The Three Lights

are the Sun, Moon, and Stars.

三纲者，君臣义；父子亲，夫妇顺。

The Three Bonds are the loyalty between ruler and subject, the

love between father and son, and the harmony between husband

and wife.

曰春夏，曰秋冬；此四时，运不穷。

We call it spring, summer, autumn, and winter, these four seasons

will keep going.

曰南北，曰西东；此四方，应乎中。

We call it south, north, west, and east, these four directions

correspond to the center.

曰水火，木金土；此五行，本乎数。

We call it water, fire, wood, metal, and earth, these five elements

are based on numbers.

曰仁义，礼智信。此五常，不容紊。

We talk about benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and

faith. These five virtues should not be violated.

稻粱菽，麦黍稷；此六谷，人所食。

We have rice and millet, beans and wheat; these six grains are

what people eat.

马牛羊，鸡犬豕；此六畜，人所饲。

We have horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, dogs, and pigs; these six

animals are what people raise.

曰喜怒，曰哀惧，爱恶欲，七情具。

We talk about joy, anger, sadness, fear, love, hatred, and desire;

these seven emotions are experienced by all.

匏土革，木石金，丝与竹，乃八音。

Gourds, earth, leather, wood, stone, and metal, silk and bamboo,

these are the eight sounds.

曰平声，曰上声，曰去声，曰入声。

We talk about Ping Sheng, Shang Sheng, Qu Sheng, and Ru Sheng.

五声许，宫商角，徵羽羽，及变调。

Among the five tones, there are Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zhi, and Yu, as

well as variations.

鼓琴弦，钧木匏，声调宜，又宜调。

When striking the qin, plucking the strings, using wood or gourd as

a resonator, the tones should be appropriate and harmonious.

宜议躬，宜静虑，宜思索，宜务实。

We should be concerned with ourselves, think carefully in

tranquility, ponder, and strive to be practical.

逐有虞，荡舟楫，宜先知，温故纳。

We learn from Da Yu, rowing a boat with oars, we should know

this first, seek wisdom from past experiences.

曰考终，曰始基，坚志楼，写经底。

Tao Zhuangzhong, and began laying the foundation, we should

have a determined mindset and establish the fundamentals.

原经启，世祖辙，典谟训，诰盛配。

We should trace the origins of classics, follow the path of ancestors,

study and learn from the teachings, and respect the emperors'

edicts.

有土堆，有宇宙，有冈与渚。

There are mounds of earth, there is the universe, and there are hills

and rivers.

有湖海，有罔极，有陆地，有天极。

We have lakes and seas, and there are boundless ends, there is land,

and there is the celestial pole.

有山林，有草木，有狗与马。

We have mountains and forests, and there are grass and trees, there

are dogs and horses.

顺风相，息物类，种类多，可以观。

Following the wind, things rest in harmony, there are many species

that can be observed.

星球动，日月明，时复穷，有四时。

Planets move, the sun and moon shine, the cycle of time is endless,

there are four seasons.