雅思基础写作

雅思基础写作

雅思考试写作部分简介

雅思写作考试的构成

雅思(IELTS)考试是“国际英语语言测试系统”(International English Language Test System的缩写。雅思考试是一种语言能力的测试，分为听力理解、阅读、写作和口语。写作是考试的第三部分，要求在六十分钟里完成两项写作任务（TASK1和TASK2）。写作考试按考生去以英语为母语国家的不同目的分为两种考察类型：普通培训类(General Training Module, 简称G类)和学术类(Academic Module, 简称A类)。前者主要面向申请移民，或到本国外培训、工作的考生；后者面向针对申请到国外攻读本科或研究生课程的考生。

G类和A类的主要区别在TASK1。普通培训类的TASK1是写信，要求考生就某个假设的场景写一封150个单词左右的信，目的是考察考生在英语环境中能否准确恰当地运用英语处理日常生活所遇到的问题。信件内容涉及解释情况、索要资料、询问信息、求职、投诉批评以及表达自己的意愿和看法。信件要求清晰、简洁、措辞恰当并涵盖所有相关方面。学术类的TASK1是图表作文，目的是考察考生理解、对比、归纳和表述图表信息的能力，字数同样是150个单词左右。考生只需描述图表信息，不必对此进行解释。两类考试的TASK1均应控制在20分钟以内。

G类和A类的TASK2都是写一篇250个单词左右的议论文，要求考生就某一话题发表个人观点，支持或反对某个观点，或对某个问题分析原因和提出解决办法等。相比较而言，G类部分的TASK2要容易一些。两者的写作时间均应控制在40分钟左右。

雅思写作考试的评分标准

Task 1 (G) = Task 1 (A)

 Task Fulfillment (TF)

任务完成：考生是否按要求回答了问题。

 Coherence and Cohesion （CC）

条理性：作文是否清晰、连贯。

 Vocabulary and Sentence Structure （VSS）

词汇和句子结构：作文选词是否恰当，句子结构是否多样。

Task 2 (G) = Task 2 (A)

 Communicative Quality （CQ）

表达质量：作文是否表达流畅、清晰易懂、观点明确、论证充分。

 Arguments, Idea and Evidence （AIE）

论证、论点、论据

 Vocabulary and Sentence Structure (VSS)

词汇与句子结构

A类和G类的Task1和Task2的评分首先是各标准按9分制分别评分，三项标准的分数相加除以三，就是考生该项的最后成绩，没有0.5分数档。Task 1和Task2的权重不等，最后成绩要综合考虑两项成绩。

以下是9~5分的评分标准： Band 9 (Expert Use) 精通英语

For Band 9, the answer is completely satisfactory. A point of view is presented and well developed, either arguing

for and supporting one position or taking into consideration alternative positions by involving and discussing

relevant ideas and evidence. The argument develops logically with a clear progressive presentation of ideas. The

material is adequate, the use of vocabulary is appropriate, and the use of sentence structure is accurate, appropriate,

and varied. No errors occur in word formation or spelling.

Band 8 (Very Good User) 英语能力优秀

For Band 8, the answer is second only to Band 9 in communicative quality, argument, ideas, and evidence.

Vocabulary is good and appropriately used. No serious errors occur in word formation or spelling. Sentence

structures are good and well controlled for accuracy and appropriateness.

Band 7 (Good User)

For Band 7, the answer is a satisfactory essay with generally fluent communication. It presents a point of view,

which may be unclear sometimes, and approaches it either from a single position or from alternative positions. The

argument is well developed although there may be some minor problems. Ideas and evidence are relevant and

sufficient; however, more specific details may be needed. Vocabulary is fairly good and is usually appropriately

used with the exception of a few spelling errors. Errors in word formation rarely occur. The range of sentence

structure is satisfactory even though there are occasional, minor faults in the control of sentence structure.

Band 6 (Competent User) 可以交流

For Band 6, the answer proves quite satisfactory and communicates with some fluency. A point of view is

presented which may have been approached from a single position or from alternative positions. With the control

of organizational control and devices, the development of the argument is not always clear, and the main idea is

hard to be distinguished from the supporting materials. The relevance of some ideas or evidence may be dubious,

and the development of the argument may need some specific support. Vocabulary is still limited and shows

inappropriateness of its use. There are some minor errors in word choice, word formation and spelling. Sentence

structures are adequate but lack variety.

Band 5 (Modest User) 中等水平

For Band 5, the answer with an overall lack of fluency is, on the whole, coherent. It introduces some ideas which

may not be well developed. Arguments call for clarity, relevance, consistency or support. Vocabulary is limited,

and its use may be inappropriate. There is a limited range of sentence structures, and accuracy is achieved in short,

simple sentences. However, errors in word choice, word formation, spelling, and grammar are evident.

Key Words: Language, Organization, Content

雅思写作考试的注意事项

 Word Limit

 Plagiarism

 Format  Style

 Handwriting

 Grammar

第一讲 词 汇

1.1 雅思写作对词汇的要求

Band 9: A wide range of vocabulary is used appropriately.

Band 8: A good range of appropriate vocabulary.

Band 7: The range of vocabulary is fairly good and vocabulary is usually used appropriately.

Band 6: The range of vocabulary sometimes appears limited accompanied by the inappropriateness of its use.

Band 5: The range of vocabulary and appropriateness of its use are limited. Lexical confusion and incorrect

word choice are noticeable.

1.2 雅思写作词汇运用方法

A．词汇的正式程度

英语中的词汇按照其使用的正式程度可分为三个层次：

 Highly informal: 非常随意（电子邮件、写给朋友的信等）