2019新人教高中英语选择性必修四Unit1Science Fiction单元词汇公开课教案

新人教版高中英语选择性必修四单词知识点详解UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION1.fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n.小说；虚构的事historical/ romantic/science fiction 历史/言情/科幻小说或影片fictional adj. 虚构的；编造的；小说中的2.science fiction [informal sci-fi] [abbr. SF] 科幻小说(或影片等)3.test out检验；测试test for 为鉴定……而测试test on 检验；测试4.bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/ n.意外收获；奖金；红利5.more like更像是；更接近something like 大概；大约nothing like 一点也不mot more than=at most 至多；不超过no more than=only 仅仅more … than… 与其说……倒不如说6.ridiculous /rɪˈdɪkjələs/ adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的7.integrity /ɪnˈteɡrəti/ n.诚实正直；完整；完好the territorial integrity of the country 国家领土完整be beneath one’s dignity 有失体面stand upon one’s dignity保持尊严dignify v. 使有威严；使高贵dignified adj. 威严的；庄严的；高贵的9.salary /ˈsæləri/ n.薪水；薪金10.absurd /əbˈsɜːd/ adj.荒谬的；荒唐的11.appointment /əˈpɔɪntmənt/ n.预约；约会；委任have an appointment with sb (to do sth) 有约会make/keep an appointment 预约keep/break an appointment 按时/未按时赴约Viewing is by appointment only. 参观必须预约。

UNIT1fiction/ˈfɪkʃn/n.小说；虚构的事novelist(n) 小说家science fiction[informal scifi][abbr.SF]科幻小说(或影片等) Today’s science fiction is tomorrow’s science fact.今天的科幻小说就是明天的科学事实。

test out检验；测试try out 检验；测试stand out 显眼，突出pick out 挑选leave out 省略，遗漏work out 计算，锻炼，制定figure out 弄明白die out 灭绝give out分发，发出let out 发出（声音）run out用光，用尽bonus/ˈbəʊnəs/n.意外收获；奖金；红利annual bonus 年度分红more like更像是；更接近Social robots will be much more like panions than mere tools.less like 不像nothing like丝毫不像ridiculous/rɪˈdɪkjələs/adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的it is ridiculous for sb to do sth某人做某事是荒谬的integrity/ɪnˈteɡrəti/n.诚实正直；完整；完好dignity/ˈdɪɡnəti/n.庄重；庄严；尊严No matter how rich you are, you must treat the old with dignity.Despite our failure，we will not give up and live with dignity. salary/ˈsæləri/n.薪水；薪金①ine n．收入①pay n.报酬①wage n. 工资①profit n. 利润；收益①pension n. 养老金；退休金absurd/əbˈsɜːd/adj.荒谬的；荒唐的appointment/əˈpɔɪntmənt/n.预约；约会；委任→appoint vt．任命；委任→appointed adj．约定的；指定的(1)make/have/fix an appointment with sb.与某人约会/预约/约定(时间)keep/break an appointment 守约/失约(2)appoint vt.任命，委派；约定；指定appoint sb.as/to be...指定/任命某人为……appoint sb.to do sth.委派/任命某人去做某事nail/neɪl/n.指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定polish your nailclip your nailsaleswoman/ˈseɪlzwʊmən/n.女售货员；女推销员salesman, salesboy, salesgirlguilty/ˈɡɪlti/adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的guilt n．内疚；悔恨；有罪be guilty of\aboutI am guilty of the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words can express myguilt.suspend/səˈspend/vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓ladder/ˈlædə(r)/n.梯子；阶梯dismiss/dɪsˈmɪs/vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除dismissal (n) 解雇dismiss sb from one’s position免去某人职务declare/dɪˈkleə(r)/vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n．公告；宣言declare for/against (doing)声明赞成/反对(做)……declare war on/against 向……宣战declare...to be/as... 宣布……是……declare (that)．.. 宣告；宣称It is declared that…宣布各种“说”法①chat vi．& n．聊天；闲聊②whisper vi．小声说；耳语③inform vt．通知；告知④announce vt．宣告；宣布⑤declare vt．宣布；声明⑥state vt．声明；陈述whereas/ˌweərˈæz/conj.然而；但是；尽管The salesman wants to live in an apartment, whereas his wife would ratherlive in a flat．rumour/ˈruːmə(r)/n.谣言；传闻spread the rumor that..散播…谣言presume/prɪˈzjuːm；NAmE'zu:m/vt.&vi.假设；假定fare/feə(r)/n.车费；船费；飞机票价weekly/ˈwiːkli/adj.每周的n.周刊week n．星期on a...basis根据；以……的方式(基准)on a regular basis 定期be based on\upon… 以…为基础calculate/ˈkælkjuleɪt/vt.计算；核算；预测calculation n．计算；预测→calculator n．计算器→calculated adj．精心策划的；蓄意的→calculating adj．精明的；精于算计的it is calculated that 据估算calculate on\upon 指望，期待chairwoman/ˈtʃeəwʊmən/n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长gramme[NAmEɡram]/ɡræm/n.克(重量单位)flour/ˈflaʊə(r)/n.面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉venue/ˈvenjuː/n.活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)salesman/ˈseɪlzmən/n.售货员；推销员alien/ˈeɪliən/n.外星人(生物)；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的pros and cons事物的利与弊；支持与反对It is necessary that we weigh the pros and cons of including English words in Chinese dictionaries．①back and forth 来来回回②up and down 上上下下③here and there 到处④now and then 时而；不时⑤right and left 到处；左右两边blurred/blɜːd/adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的superior/suːˈpɪəriə(r);sjuː/adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的superior to比……更好；更胜一筹take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞take down 写下；记下；拆除take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事take up 占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起；开始从事After taking over the firm from his father，Tom took in some scientific ideas and took on some experienced and hard­working workers，which suggested that his firm would take off soon．inaction/ɪnˈækʃn/n.无行动；不采取措施conflict with与……冲突或抵触labour/ˈleɪbə(r)/n.劳动(者)；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作leather/ˈleðə(r)/n.皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套lever/ˈliːvə(r)；NAmEˈlevər/n.操纵杆；杠杆panel/ˈpænl/n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组inch/ɪntʃ/n.英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)backwards/ˈbækwədz/[NAmE backward]adv.向后；倒着；往回grip/ɡrɪp/vt.&vi.紧握；抓紧hazy/ˈheɪzi/adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的niece/niːs/n.侄女；外甥女fetch/fetʃ/vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来In the dry seasons, the villagers have to walk several miles to fetch water for daily use．handkerchief/ˈhæŋkətʃɪf/n.手帕；纸巾lamp/læmp/n.灯；台灯turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是The weather forecast said that it would be rainy but it turned out to be fine．turn down拒绝；关小；调低turn in 上交turn over 翻身；移交；转变turn to 求助于；转向turn up 出现；调高pace/ˈpeɪs/n.速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏keep pace with 与…一致fall away(逐渐)减少；消失His supporters fell away as his popularity declined．fall apart（关系）破裂，崩溃fall behind落后fall down跌倒，倒塌fall over sb\sth绊倒fall off 掉下，脱落division/dɪˈvɪʒn/n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→divide vt．分割；分配；除以The traditional labour division between men and women is graduallydisappearingpuff/pʌf/n.(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息urge/ɜːdʒ/n.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐have an urge to有强烈的欲望做某事(1)urge sb to do sth催促某人做某事urge that ．．．(should)do sth 极力主张……做某事(2)have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事(3)urgent adj．紧急的；迫切的urgency n．紧急；催促random/ˈrændəm/adj.随机的；不可思议的at random=randomly 随意的maximum/ˈmæksɪməm/adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度minimum n 最小值，adj最小的explode/ɪkˈspləʊd/vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n．爆炸；爆破(声)→explosive adj．易爆炸的；猛增的The explosion was caused by burst of a gas pipe, which made the boss explode with anger．jolt/dʒəʊlt/n.震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.&vi.(使)震动;摇晃flip/flɪp/vt.&vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛stun/stʌn/vt.使震惊，使昏迷mud/mʌd/n.泥；泥浆→muddy adj．泥泞的overstatement/ˈəʊvəsteɪtmənt/n.夸大；夸张前缀over­ 表示“过度；在……之上”①overstatement n．夸大；夸张②overweight adj．超重的③overlook vt．俯瞰；忽视④overuse vt．& n．过度使用⑤overeat vi．吃得过量。

选择性必修四Unit1单元过关I. 单词拼写（每题1分，共27分）1. The Three-Body Problem, a science of f_____(虚构的事)will be adapted for a movie. 1.________2.Every purchaser for a pound of coffee received a box of cookies as a b____(奖金；红利) 2.________3.We do this because we believe in the d______(尊严)and value of everyone. 3.________4.The manager told me he would inform me ahead of time in case he had to cancel our a______(约会).4.______5.His mother was ill, and to make matters worse, he himself was d______(解雇，让某人离开) 5.______6.Our country d______(宣称)against any war between the two countries as early as last year. 6.______7.I think they may also have personality differences which can cause c________(冲突). 7._______8.As a rule, the m_____(最大量) number of marks for every subject is 100. 8._________9. A bomb e____(爆炸)outside a hotel near the town yesterday, injuring at least ten people. 9._______10.He told me he would leave to f_____(拿来) the tools and asked me to stay where I was. 10.______11.愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的 adj. ________ 12.诚实正直;完整;完好n. ________13.absurd adj.________;________ 14.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的 adj. ________ 15. suspend vt.______;_____;______;______ 16. ladder n.________;________ 17.rumour n.________;________ 18.presume vt.& vi.________;________19.fare n.______;_______;______ 20.calculate vt.______;_______;______21.panel n.______;_______;______ 22.向后；倒着；往回adv.________ 23. division n.______;_____;______;______ 24.random adj. ________;________ 25.stun vt.________;________ 26. flip vt.＆vi. ________;________II. 短语（每题1分，共17分）1.science fiction _________________2. test out_________;________3.more like_________;________4.根据; ....的方式(基准) _________________5.pros and cons___________;____________6. 更好;更胜一筹 _________________7.take over______;_______;_______;________ 8.突或抵触 _________________9.be in a relationship _________________ 10.深呼吸_________________11.turn out ______;______;_______ 12.fall away ________;_________13. break the routine of daily life ___________III.单句语法填空（每题2分，共10分）1.The results of the survey _____________(publish) on the spot.2. Large amounts of money ________(spend) on the building.3.To her delight, her weight ____________(reduce) by ten kilos by going on a diet.4.I have to walk there because my bike __________________(repair).5.Three people got badly _______(injure) in the traffic accident.6. The man caught on the spot was charged ______ murder and sentenced to death.IV.完成句子（每题3分，共12分）1.他看起来更像人而不是机器。

UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION单元分析单元主题：人与社会-机器人与人工智能单元内容分析本单元以科幻小说为主题，定位于文学阅读，引导学生学习并欣赏科幻小说这类具有独特魅力的文学作品。

科幻小说在丰富想象的基础上融入了科学技术的发展和对人类未来的展望。

与其他类型的文学作品相比，尽管科幻小说融入了科技发展的内容，但本质上探讨的依然是“人与自我、人与世界”的关系，是从另外一种角度对人类社会本质及其发展的分析和思考。

1．开篇页引言“Today＇s science fiction is tomorrow＇s science fact．”（今天的科幻小说即明天的科学现实。

）是兼具科幻作家与生物、化学教授等多重身份的美国作家阿西莫夫的名言。

这句话绝对不是一种妄言，那些曾经只能出现在科幻作品中的奇思妙想已经随着科技进步成为当今的科学现实。

在本单元，学生将借助对科幻作品和科技发展的辩证理解，对人类与机器人和人工智能的关系、时间旅行等话题进行更为具体和深人的探讨。

2．Reading and Thinking：Explore the relationship between humans and robots 该板块的活动主题是“探索人与机器人的关系”。

对青少年而言，机器人本身并不是新鲜话题。

但随着科技的发展，尤其是人工智能与机器人的结合，与人无异的机器人很可能不再是科学幻想，而将成为人类面临的复杂、难以预料后果的现实。

学生阅读这类小说，一方面要学习科幻小说这种文学体裁，另一方面还要能够结合故事内容，初步探讨未来机器人融入人类生活后可能出现的问题和挑战。

本板块的阅读文本改编自阿西莫夫的科幻短篇小说《包你满意》。

该小说是早期探究人与机器人关系的经典作品之一。

本文通过一系列的阅读活动引导学生进行主题意义的探究，鼓励学生思考机器人在现代人类家庭生活中的运用，聚焦文本解析，培养学生归纳、推理的能力，养成创造性思维。

人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction大单元整体学习学程设计高二英语大单元整体学习学程设计Unit 1 Science Fiction——Design a robot to serve humans班级小组姓名单元概述【单元内容】The theme of this unit is human and society and the topic is Science Fiction. In this unit, we will learn about different varieties of science fiction, such as artificial intelligence, alien, time travel and space exploration etc. and have a better understanding about science fiction. Just as Isaac Asimov said, “Today’s science fiction is tomorrow’s science fact.", it is hoped that through a series of activities in watching, listening, speaking, reading and writing, we’ll learn and explore more about artificial intelligence, alien, time travel and space exploration. Moreover, we can not only enrich our knowledge and broaden our horizon, but also have a deep thinking about the pros and cons of AI and the relationship between science and science fiction. Furthermore, we can improve the scientific imagination, explore the unknown places bravely and make the science serve humans.【课标要求】核心素养课标要求语言能力语言知识语音能够认识并掌握话语标记，并能够结合自己已有知识，恰当的在口语交际中运用话语标记组织语言。

选择性必修第四册UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTIONⅠ.阅读理解Very，very long ago，dogs didn’t exist.There were just wolves of different kinds.“Dogor”，an 18，000-year-old puppy，was found frozen in the permafrost in Siberia near Yakutsk.Permafrost is a layer of ground in Arctic and Antarctic areas that remains frozen.Recently，areas of permafrost are thawing (解冻) as the world has warmed，and uncovering secrets long buried and frozen.Dogor came out of the ground covered with mud and ice，but scientists carefully cleaned him.His head，including his nose，hair，eyelashes，and a mouth full of young teeth，is still very much like it was when he died.Scientists from Sweden have tested him carefully.Their tests showed that the puppy lived 18，000 years ago，that it was a male，and that it was about two months old when it died.But even though the scientists ran two DNA tests to discover whether Dogor was a dog or a wolf，they didn’t get what they wanted.The scientists say that normally it’s fairly “easy to tell the difference”.They now plan on doing a third DNA test.In any case，the results will teach scientists a lot about the history of dogs and when they began to separate from wolves.“We can’t wait to get results from further tests，”said Sergey Fedorov，of the Mammoth Museum of North-Eastern Federal University. Some people believe we may soon get even more information about very old animals.Due to the climate change，the world’s temperature has gone up by 1 ℃，which has led to heat waves，record dry periods，wildfires，record rains，and more strong hurricanes.Since the permafrost in Siberia and other areas is thawing，it’s possible that even more animals will be found，which could help scientists learn more about early history.1.What’s special about Dogor?A.It’s the world’s earliest dog.B.It survived extreme cold.C.It has shown many secrets.D.It is preserved perfectly.2.Which word can best describe the result of the study on Dogor?A.Uncertain.B.Satisfying.C.Unreliable.D.Challenging.3.What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?A.The rise of temperature benefits animal studies.B.Animals are suffering from natural disasters.C.The climate is worsening.D.Scientists call on people to protect ancient animals.4.Where is the text most likely from?A.A science magazine.B.A biology textbook.C.A novel about animals.D.A report about weather.Chemical engineers at UNSW Sydney have found a way to make“green”ammonia(氨)from air，water and renewable electricity.In a paper published in Energy& En v ironmental Science，the authors say that ammonia synthesis(合成)was one of the critical achievements of the 20th century.When used in fertilisers that significantly increase the output of food crops，it could enable agriculture to sustain an ever-expanding global population.But since the beginning of the 1900s when it was first employed，production of ammonia has been energy-intensive—requiring temperatures higher than 400 ℃ and pressures greater than 200 atm—and all powered by fossil fuels.Dr.Emma Lovell，a co-author of the paper from UNSW，says the traditional way to make ammonia，known as the Haber-Bosch process，is only cost-effective when it is produced on a massive scale due to the huge amounts of energy and expensive materials required and that it produces more CO2 than any other chemical-making reaction.“In addition to the big carbon footprint left by the Haber-Bosch process，having to produce millions of tonnes of ammonia in centralised locations means even more energy is required to transport it around the world，not to mention the risks that go with storing large amounts of it in one place，”says Dr.Lovell.“And we saw tragically in Beirut how potentially dangerous storing ammonium nitrate(硝酸铵)can be.”Dr.Lovell and her colleagues therefore looked at how to produce it cheaply，on a smaller scale and using renewable energy.Their new production method does not rely on fossil fuel resources，and doesn’t give off CO2 either.“And once it becomes available commercially，the technology could be used to produce ammonia directly on site and on demand farmers could even do this on site using our technology to make fertilisers—which means we negate the need for storage and transport.There’s a huge benefit to society as well as the health of the planet，”Dr.Lovell says.5.What do we know about the Haber-Bosch process?A.It does harm to the environment.B.It requires green materials.C.It uses less energy and is cheap.D.It transforms fossil fuels into ammonia.6.Why is the city Beirut mentioned in the text?A.To remind people to protect the environment.B.To give an example of the risk in ammonia storage.C.To convince farmers to transport ammonia elsewhere.D.To stress the choice of a proper centralised location.7.What does the underlined word“negate”probably mean in the last paragraph?A.Inspect.B.Avoid.C.Suit.D.Accept.8.What is the purpose of this text?A.To solve a problem.B.To explain a process.C.To advocate a theory.D.To introduce a method.Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·福建省漳州市高三二模)It was a relatively calm day in the fishing village of Kalk Bay.Several people were __1__ by the window of Brass Bell looking out to the water of the Atlantic ocean.Then the scene changed __2__.“I saw this wave come over the harbor (海港) and it __3__ the people，dragging them into the __4__.I immediately ran outside，undressed myself，and dived into the water because I saw a child go in as well.I have a very soft spot for kids，and my instinct (本能) just kicked in to see if I could help，” Tongai said，who __5__ Brass Bell Restaurant.37-year-old Clair and her 8-year-old daughter Arya were two of the people __6__ away.Clair knew they were being pulled into the water as soon as the __7__ rushed over them，and she __8__ to wrap her arms around little Arya.By now Tongai had dropped the drink he was __9__，taken off his belt and jumped into the water—followed by an __10__ tourist.By then the violence of the waves，even just a few meters from shore，had pulled Clair and Arya apart；he used his belt to __11__ Arya who wasn’t able to stay afloat by herself.“I __12__ went to the restaurant to thank the clerk，” Clair said.“My daughter __13__ him immediately，and we all embraced (拥抱) each other.We are so thankful to Tongai and the tourist who risked their __14__ to save ours，but it’s a pity that we still don’t know the tourist’s name；we’ll forever be __15__ to them.”1.A.rowing B.swimmingC.walkingD.driving2.A.dramatically B.deeplyC.graduallyD.constantly3.A.lifted B.coveredC.pressedD.held4.A.village B.bayC.restaurantD.ocean5.A.headed for B.worked atC.lived nearD.ate in6.A.swept B.blownC.thrownD.turned7.A.people B.shipC.life jacketD.wave8.A.learned B.agreedC.managedD.wished9.A.producing B.buyingC.pouringD.storing10.A.unnamed B.outgoingC.attractiveD.international11.A.fix B.rescueC.threatenD.catch12.A.regularly B.occasionallyC.directlyD.recently13.A.recognized fortedC.interviewedD.contacted14.A.business B.livesC.creditD.health15.A.polite B.generousC.gratefulD.friendlyⅢ.语法填空(2024·江西省鹰潭市一模)If you have been to the cinema and watched the popular movie “The Wandering Earth Ⅱ” recently，you might 1.____________(impress) by the intelligent quantum computer MOSS.It has no cognitive limitations，removing the perceptual (感知的)thinking consciousness and left with the rational algorithm only.In fact，such strong AI like MOSS does not exist in reality for 2.____________ time being.Nevertheless，weaker AI，3.____________ replaces human processing in a specific field，has already been imperceptibly (不知不觉地)integrated into our daily life.At present，most of the global AI level is also at this stage，for example，Robotic Process Automation (RPA)，an office software that relieves employees by doing repetitive human tasks，simulating a range of human 4.________(operate) such as on the keyboard and mouse.Furthermore，Open AI 5.____________(release) the language model ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) lately，making human-machine interaction much 6.____________ humanized and intelligent than ever before.Thanks to its revolutionary user experience，ChatGPT obtained more than one million users just five days after 7.____________(it)release.As to 8.________ ChatGPT became such a hit，users think it can display simple results content according to searching keywords. Far from being a Chatbot only，ChatGPT can also realize article creation，code generating and other functions only by requesting.ChatGPT even has the 9.________________(capable)to write code just like a professional programmer.It also presents the strong ability in content continuation，literary creation，music creation，etc.It is so powerful 10.____________ New York City public schools have banned it from their networks and school devices.选择性必修第四册UNIT 1Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。