2021版高考英语一轮复习语法并列句和状语从句导学案新人教版

（新人教版）2021版高考一轮英语复习语法名词性从句导学案考点一引导名词性从句的连接词1.连接代词who,whose,whom,what,which及wh-ever等它们有词义,在从句中作成分。

what∕whatever指物,作主语、宾语、定语、表语;who∕whoever指人,在从句中作主语、宾语;whom∕whomever指人,在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语;which∕whichever指人或物,在从句中作定语、主语、宾语。

带-ever的连接词意义上有“任何……”之意。

What I want to know is the price of the bike.我想知道的就是自行车的价格。

You can buy whatever you need in the shop.在这家商店你能买到任何你需要的东西。

whoever,whatever,wherever...等引导的从句不仅是句子的语气加强了,而且此类词引导的句子表示让步和泛指的概念,而who,what,where...等引导的句子表示具体的概念。

如:What he said is right.他所说的是对的。

(特指他这次所说的事情)Whatever he said is right.无论他说什么都是对的。

此处,whatever= anything what,表示泛指和让步,意为“无论他说什么”。

Who will do it is not decided.谁去做这件事还没有确定。

(指一次具体的动作)Whoever does it will be punished.无论谁做了这件事,都要受到惩罚。

(此处特别强调“无论是谁”)wh-ever这类词引导名词性从句时,不能用no matter+who∕what∕which...代替。

2.连接副词when,where,why,how等它们有词义,在句中作状语。

when表时间,why表原因,where表地点,how表方式、程度。

特殊句式及结构考点一倒装(一)完全倒装1.表示方向、地点和时间的副词、介词短语置于句首用完全倒装。

常见的有:there,here,in,out,away,up,down,from,off,back,over,then,now,in the room,on the wall 等。

Here comes the bus.车来了。

In rushed the angry man.那个生气的男人冲了进来。

Now is your turn.现在轮到你了。

In front of the school gate is a big beautiful garden.学校门前是一个漂亮的大花园。

①主语为代词时不倒装。

Out they rushed.他们冲了出去。

②此类倒装结构一般只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时态。

2.表语+连系动词+主语(表语是形容词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词等)Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授,还有许多其他客人。

Such are the facts; no one can deny them.这些就是事实,没有人可以否认。

(二)部分倒装1.“only+状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)”置于句首时,句子或者主句要用部分倒装。

Only then did he realize that he had lost his way.直到那时他才意识到自己迷路了。

Only when he returned did we find out the truth.唯有他回来,我们才能弄明白事实。

2.句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no,not,never,neither,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,barely,at no time,in no way,under no circumstances,no sooner...than,not until,hardly ... when,not only ... but also,by no means等时,要用部分倒装结构。

定语从句考点一关系代词who,whom,whose引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。

The little boy who is singing there can recite quite a number of poems.正在那儿唱歌的那个小男孩能背诵很多首诗。

2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,可省略。

The author (whom) you criticized has written a letter in reply.你批评的那位作者写了一封回信。

3.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。

Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.很多父母去大城市工作的孩子,在村里得到了很好的照顾。

The building whose roof is red is a post office.红顶的那幢大楼是邮政局。

考点二关系代词that和which的区别类别说明只用that 不用which 的情况先行词是everything,anything,nothing,few,little,all,none等不定代词或被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰时先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身就是序数词、形容词最高级时先行词被the very,the only等修饰时当主句中的先行词是疑问词who或which时先行词既有人也有物时只用which 不用that 的情况非限制性定语从句中关系代词前有介词时先行词是that或those时There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. 世界上对他来说好像没有不可能的事。

非谓语动词非谓语动词是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是高考热点之一。

主要考查非谓语动词作状语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。

考点一非谓语动词作定语1.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语常表示该动作尚未发生,即动词不定式具备将来含义。

He has a lot of work to do.他有很多工作要做。

He has something good enough to read.他有很好的读物。

动词不定式既可用主动式也可用被动式,但其含义有所不同。

试比较:Do you have anything to send? (动作的执行者是“你”)Do you have anything to be sent?(动作的执行者是“我”或“别人”)。

2.动词-ing形式作定语当该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主动关系或用来表示被修饰词的用途时,用动词-ing形式。

Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.三天后,我收到了一封给我提供这份工作的信。

This is a reading room.这是一个阅览室。

3.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语,被修饰的名词与分词在逻辑上通常是被动关系。

过去分词作定语也可表示完成。

Tsinghua University,founded in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 清华大学建立于1911年,是许多杰出人物的摇篮。

This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.这是一本由一位著名的中国作家写的书。

考点二非谓语动词作状语1.动词不定式作状语,表示目的、原因、结果等。

She came here to work.她来这儿是为了工作。

I’m glad to hear the news.听到这个消息我非常高兴。

动词的时态和语态一、动词的时态考点一一般现在时1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状态、特征。

句中常有often,usually,every day 等时间状语。

He always goes to school by bus.他经常坐公交车去上学。

His father is a worker and doesn’t smoke.他父亲是一名工人,不吸烟。

2.表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象,无论在什么情况下都用一般现在时表示。

We learnt that the earth moves around the sun.我们了解了地球绕着太阳转。

3.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替将来时。

My parents have promised to come to see me before I leave for Africa.我父母答应在我动身去非洲前来看我。

4.表示按计划、时刻表规定要发生的动作,但限于少数动词。

如begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close 等。

The flight takes off at 2:30 every Wednesday and Friday.每周三和周五航班两点三十分起飞。

考点二一般过去时1.表示过去的事情、动作或状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示)。

At that time,he worked as a teacher to support the family.那段时间他靠教书养家。

2.用于表示过去经常发生的或习惯性的动作。

Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.迈克尔的父亲总是帮助穷人,因为他觉得这样让大家都更开心。

3.有些动作发生的时间没有具体表明,但实际上是“刚才,刚刚”发生,应使用一般过去时。

并列句和状语从句一、并列句考点一常见并列句的类型及并列连词类型并列连词并列关系（递进关系)and，both。

..and..。

，not only。

but also.。

,neither..。

nor.。

等转折或对比关系but,yet,whereas，while等选择关系or,or else，either...or。

.，whether。

.。

or.。

,not ...but。

等因果关系for,so，as等Both Peter and Tom are from South Africa.彼得和汤姆都来自南非。

First，my English is very good and I'm open-minded and warm-hearted,so I’m getting along well with everyone.首先,我的英语很好,而且我性格外向、很热心,因此我和每个人都相处得很好。

He tried hard to catch up with his classmates，but he failed.他尽力赶上同学们，但是失败了。

The children can go with us,or they can stay in.孩子们可以跟我们去,也可以待在家里。

He must have been caught in the rain，for he is wet all over.他肯定被雨淋了，因为他浑身都湿了。

考点二并列连词构成的常用句型1。

and构成的句型（1）祈使句+and+陈述句(祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，and后面的句子相当于一个表示结果的主句）。

Go on like this and I am sure you will be successful in time。

继续这样努力,我确信你最终会成功的。

（2）名词(词组)+and+陈述句（名词相当于一个条件状语从句，其中常含有more，another等词）。

高考英语第一轮复习导学案精品（人教必修一）Unit 1 FriendshipⅠ.词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset)[典例]1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害。

3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他为她的病而忧心忡忡。

4). The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。

[重点用法]be upset by… 被…… 打乱upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼[练习] 用upset的适当形式填空1). Is it ______ you, dear?2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.3). Is it an ______ message?4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK.答案: 1). upsetting 2). upset 3). upsetting 4).upset2. concern v.担忧; 涉及; 关系到n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系[典例]1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。

2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。

3). That's no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。

高考英语一轮复习语法专题：并列句和状语从句学案考点一并列连词与并列句连词常分为并列连词(也叫等位连词)和从属连词两大类。

并列句是由两个或两个以上简单句构成。

在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。

并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。

并列连词之前可用也可不用逗号。

1．并列连词归纳2．使用时要特别注意其特性(1)and, not only ... but (also) ..., neither ... nor ... 等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申。

①One day, I was lat e, and my teacher was angry.有一天我迟到了，我的老师生气了。

②Not only is he himself interested in the subject, but also his students begin to show interest in it.不仅他自己对这个科目感兴趣，他的学生也开始表现出兴趣。

(2)or, either ... or ... 连接并列句表示选择意义。

③The children can go with us, or they can stay in. (选择)孩子们可以跟我们一起去，也可以留下。

④The workers were cheerful, or at least they appeared to be cheerful. (换个说法)工人们非常高兴，或者说他们至少表现得很高兴。

⑤Be careful, or you will break your neck. (否定条件)小心点，否则你会折断脖子的。

3．注意事项(1)“祈使句＋and/or ＋陈述句”句型该句型中的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示结果。

and 表示前后句意思的顺延，or 表示前后句意思的转折。

①Go straight on, and you'll see a church.一直向前走，你就会看到一座教堂。

2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点并列句和三大从句专练（一）一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分)1.Think it over，________ you will find a solution to deal with it.【答案】and【解析】本题考查并列连词.句意:仔细思考它，你就会找到解决它的方法.考查句型：祈使句+and+简单句,and前后两句结果保持一致,是顺承的关系.故填and.2.I don't want to argue, ________ in defense of our Festival I have to highlighta fact that we have a broad range of films from many different countries.【答案】but【解析】本题考查并列连词。

句意：我不想争辩，但为了捍卫我们的电影节,我必须强调一个事实，那就是我们有来自许多不同国家的各种各样的电影。

由句意和句子结构可知，空处需用表示转折关系的连词but。

故填but.3.Children who can see and hear learn language easily, ________ for Helen, it wasa gradual and sometimes painful process。

【答案】but【解析】考查连词.句意：能看能听的孩子学语言很容易,但对海伦来说，这是一个渐进的过程,有时也是痛苦的过程.根据句意可知，前后是转折关系,所以用转折连词but，故填but。

4.There are many kinds of sports, ________ my favorite is swimming。

【答案】but【解析】本题考查并列连词。

句意：有很多种运动，但我最喜欢的是游泳。

前后句表示转折关系，应用转折连词but.故填but.5。

代词考点一人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分,在句中作主语时用主格,作宾语或表语时用宾格。

主格I you he she it we you they 宾格me you him her it us you them Tom is a student.He works very hard.汤姆是一名学生,他学习非常努力。

Please send her the parcel.请把包裹寄给她。

He has a dog to keep him company.他有一条狗陪伴他。

①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中,或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用,常用宾格。

—Tom,go and clean the yard.——汤姆,去打扫院子。

—Why me?——为什么是我?②在比较状语从句中,than,as后用主格或宾格都可以。

He is taller than I∕me.他比我高。

考点二物主代词形容词性物主代词my,our,your,his,her,its,their 作定语名词性物主代词mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs作主语、宾语或表语The students are doing their homework. 学生们正在做作业。

Your room is big while mine is small. 你的房间大,而我的房间小。

考点三指示代词The quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.这所小学校的教育质量比一些更大的学校的(教育质量)好。

Such are my friends who will never fail to help me when needed.我的朋友们就是这样:永远会在我需要他们时伸出援手。

考点四相互代词相互代词包括each other和one another。

2021年高考英语语法复习：并列句和状语从句一、并列句考点一常见并列句的类型及并列连词Both Peter and Tom are from South Africa.彼得和汤姆都来自南非。

First,my English is very good and I’m open-minded and warm-hearted,so I’m getting along well with everyone.首先,我的英语很好,而且我性格外向、很热心,因此我和每个人都相处得很好。

He tried hard to catch up with his classmates,but he failed.他尽力赶上同学们,但是失败了。

The children can go with us,or they can stay in.孩子们可以跟我们去,也可以待在家里。

He must have been caught in the rain,for he is wet all over.他肯定被雨淋了,因为他浑身都湿了。

考点二并列连词构成的常用句型1.and构成的句型(1)祈使句+and+陈述句(祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句,and后面的句子相当于一个表示结果的主句)。

Go on like this and I am sure you will be successful in time.继续这样努力,我确信你最终会成功的。

(2)名词(词组)+and+陈述句(名词相当于一个条件状语从句,其中常含有more,another等词)。

Another try,and you’ll make a success.再试一次,你就会取得成功。

2.or (else)构成的句型(1)祈使句+or (else)+陈述句。

Seize the chance,or (else) you’ll regret.抓住这次机会,否则你会后悔的。

(2)名词(词组)+or (else)+陈述句。

名师导学系列2021年高考英语人教版第一轮精品复习学案[选修七]【名师导学系列】2021年高考英语人教版第一轮精品复习学案【选修七】Unit 1 Living well一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词语 1.all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all/ first of all 辨析 1. disability n.无能；残疾词形变化 2. ambition n.野心，雄心 3.beneficial adj.有益的 4. independent adj.独立的 5.encouragement n.鼓励词汇部分重点单词 disabled adj.伤残的 able adj.能干的；能够的 ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的 benefit v.&n.受益；利益，好处 independence n.独立 depend v.依靠，依赖 encourage v.鼓励 courage n.勇气，精神 1. ambition (n.) 雄心 2. beneficial (adj.) 有益的 3. adapt (v.) 使适应;改编 4. conduct (n.) 行为 (v.) 指挥 5. resign (v.) 辞职 6. companion (n..) 同伴 7. access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性 8. suitable adj.适合的, 适当的; 9. annoy vt. 使生气，使烦恼; 招惹; 妨碍 10. adequate adj.适当的, 足够的 in other words 换句话说 cut out 切掉,删掉 out of breath 上气不接下气 sit around 闲坐着 make fun of 取笑 all the best一切顺利as well as 也, 又; 和……一样好 1. She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps(800 metres) this year. 2. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, 重点词组重点句型 and I just ignore them. 3. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 4. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. 复习不定式(见语法专题) 重点语法 II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all/ first of all 【解释】 all in all总而言之 in all总共 at all根本 after all毕竟；别忘了（放句首时）第 1 页共 76 页above all最重要, 首先 first of all首先【练习】选择all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all或first of all并用其适当的形式填空1) Don‘t blame him too much. ________, he is a small child. 2) According to the survey,_______ there are nearly one million people in this small city out of workduring the economic crisis. 3) I am glad to join you in this game, but________ please allow me to introduce myself to you. 4) The parents didn‘t worry about their daughter _______, for they believed she could succeed in getting the first prize. 5) When traveling abroad, _______, you need toprepare your passport. 6) There are many beautiful sentences in your articleand its ha ndwriting is good too. ________, I‘m quite satisfied with it. Keys: 1) After all 2) in all 3) first of all 4) at all 5) above all 6) All in allIII 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料） 1. disability n.无能；残疾 disabled adj.伤残的 2. ambition n.野心，雄心 3.beneficial adj.有益的 4. independent adj.独立的 5.encouragement n.鼓励 able adj.能干的；能够的 ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的 benefit v.&n.受益；利益，好处 independence n.独立 depend v.依靠，依赖 encourage v.鼓励 courage n.勇气，精神【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1)The ______ girl swims well in spite of her _______.(disable) 2) Robert is a very _______ man and one of his ______ is to travel in Antarctica. (ambition) 3) If you want to be a _______, you should work hard at______ and care for ______ situations. (politics) 4) It is known to all that fresh air is _______ to our health and the new park ______ us all, so weshould keep it clean.(benefit) 5) The boy who used to ______on his parents now wants the ______ from them and is learning to be _______.(depend) 6) Praiseacts as an ______ to the players, and therefore they will feel ______ and getthe _______to continue and improve their performance.(encourage) 7) My brother______ from a well-known American university. My parents attended his _______ ceremony yesterday.(graduate) 8) When someone ______ others on their success, he or she usually says �D_______‖.(congratulate) 9) This concert was _______ by a famous _______ from Vienna. (conduct) keys:1) disabled; disabilities 2) ambitious; ambitions 3) politician; politics; political 4) beneficial;benefits 5) depend; independence; independent 6) encouragement; encouraged; courage 7) graduated; graduation 8) congratulates; congratulations 9) conducted; conductor IV 重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料） 1. ambition (n.) 雄心[重点用法]ambitious adj. 志向远大的; 有雄心壮志的;有野心的be ambitious for [power, social position, etc.] 极欲获得[权力, 社会地位等] be ambitious of success渴望成功第 2 页共 76 页be ambitious to serve the people一心想为人民服务[典例]1) Her ambition is the presidency. 她的抱负是成为一名总统2) After several hours‘ work, she had no ambition to go dancing. 没有精力去跳舞了3) The prince was attracted by the girl‘s beauty, and ambitious to marry her. 王子为女孩的美貌打动了，渴望能娶到她。

第3讲并列句和状语从句题型高考典题试做命题角度解读语法填空1.(2022·全国乙卷)The “First InternationalTea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative”issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for peopleworking in the tea industry to come together topromote international cooperation and culturalexchanges.2.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Though it is the onlyunnatural thing on your way up the mountain，still it highlights the whole adventure andoffers a place where you can sit down to restyour aching legs.3.(2021·全国甲卷)My bike was old andshaky but did the job.4.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As/When he asked thevillagers on the banks of the river where hecould find the legendary (传奇的) artist，theysmiled and pointed down the river.1.考查并列连词(考查重点：and，but，or，so，when，while)；2.考查状语从句的连接词。

并列连词并列连词1．表并列、递进或顺承关系的并列连词：and，both ...and ...，neither ...nor ...，not only ...but also ...，as well asNot only the teacher but also the students were invited.不但那位教师被邀请，而且学生们也被邀请了。