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毕业论文--现代变形监测的技术分析与发展趋势现代变形监测技术：现状分析与未来发展趋势摘要：随着现代工程建设的飞速发展，变形监测技术的需求日益增长。
本文首先分析了现代变形监测技术的发展现状，然后讨论了新的监测技术在变形监测中的应用，最后预测了变形监测技术的发展趋势。
研究结果表明，现代变形监测技术正朝着自动化、网络化、多层次的方向发展。
一、引言变形监测是工程建设中的重要环节，对于保障工程安全、预防灾害具有重要意义。
随着现代科技的发展，变形监测技术也在不断进步。
本文旨在深入分析现有的变形监测技术，探讨新型技术在变形监测中的应用，并展望未来的发展趋势。
二、现代变形监测技术的发展现状现代变形监测技术已经从传统的手动测量和定性描述转向自动化、定量测量和数据分析。
其中，空间信息和近景摄影测量为变形监测提供了新的技术手段。
这些技术能够实现大范围、高精度的数据获取和处理，极大地提高了变形监测的效率和精度。
此外，基于GIS的变形监测数据管理和分析也得到了广泛应用。
GIS能够实现数据的集成、可视化与分析，为研究人员提供强有力的决策支持。
三、新型技术在变形监测中的应用随着科技的不断发展，新型的变形监测技术也在逐步得到应用。
其中，基于近景摄影测量的三维激光扫描技术和基于GPS的自动化监测系统是最具代表性的两种技术。
近景摄影测量结合了传统的摄影测量和计算机视觉技术，可以实现大范围、高精度的数据获取和处理。
三维激光扫描技术则可以获取高精度的三维地形数据，对建筑物等对象的变形进行精确分析。
GPS技术则以其高精度、高效率的优点，广泛应用于自动化监测系统中。
通过接收GPS信号并处理分析，可以实现对建筑物的实时、自动化监测。
四、未来变形监测技术的发展趋势随着科技的不断发展，未来变形监测技术将进一步实现自动化、网络化和多层次化。
具体来说，以下几个方面值得期待：1.自动化：未来的变形监测将更多地依赖自动化设备和技术，如自动测量机器人、智能传感器等，以实现数据的自动获取、处理和分析。
GPS在变形监测中的应用现状及发展趋势摘要：由于GPS 可以向全球任何用户全天候地连续提供高精度的三维坐标、三维速度和时间信息等技术参数，目前在各类变形监测中已得到了广泛的应用。
本文简要介绍了GPS 变形监测技术概念和意义，详细总结了GPS变形监测的应用现状及发展趋势。
关键词：GPS；变形监测；应用现状；趋势Abstract: Because GPS can continuously provide high precision 3D coordinates, to any user global all-weather three-dimensional velocity and time information and other technical parameters, present in all kinds of deformation monitoring has been widely used. This paper briefly introduces the concept and significance of GPS deformation monitoring technology, summarizes the application status and development trend of GPS deformation monitoring.Key words: GPS; deformation monitoring; application status; trend一、GPS概述全球定位系统(GPS)作为20世纪一项高新技术，具有速度快、全天候、自动化、测站间无需通视、可同时测定点的三位坐标及精度高等优点，因而获得了广泛应用。
目前GPS精密定位技术已经广泛地渗透到经济建设和科学技术的许多领域，对经典大地测量学的各个方面产生了极其深的影响。
它在大地测量学及其相关学科领域，如地球动力学、海洋大地测量、地球物理探测、资源勘探、航空与卫星感、工程变形监测、运动目标的测速以及精密时间传递等方面的广泛应用，充分显示了卫星定位技术的高精度与高效益。
翻译技术研究现状问题与展望
翻译技术是以计算机为基础的，用于处理自然语言翻译的技术和工具。
随着全球化和信息化的快速发展，翻译技术日益成为人们在跨语言交流和信息获取中的重要工具。
目前的翻译技术仍然存在着许多问题和挑战，需要进一步的研究和发展。
当前翻译技术的准确性和质量仍然有待提高。
虽然机器翻译已经取得了一些进展，但在涉及复杂语义和文化差异的翻译任务上，机器翻译的准确性仍然不尽如人意。
机器翻译在处理语义相对模糊的句子或者具有多义词的翻译时，往往容易出现错误或者不准确的情况。
提高翻译技术的准确性和质量仍然是一个重要的问题。
翻译技术在处理专业词汇和行业术语时仍存在一定的困难。
由于不同领域和行业具有各自独特的词汇和术语，这些词汇和术语通常无法在通用翻译工具中得到准确的处理和翻译。
研究人员需要进一步研究和开发适用于不同领域和行业的专业翻译工具，以提高翻译技术在专业领域的应用和效果。
翻译技术在处理长文本和复杂句子时仍然存在一定的挑战。
由于长文本和复杂句子通常包含大量的信息和语义，机器翻译在处理这些文本时往往容易出现漏译、语序不正确等问题。
研究人员需要进一步研究和发展适用于长文本和复杂句子的翻译技术和工具，以提高翻译技术在处理这些文本时的准确性和效果。
未来翻译技术的发展还需要解决跨语言和多模态翻译的问题。
随着全球化和信息交流的进一步发展，跨语言和多模态的翻译需求将越来越大。
人们可能需要将视频、音频等不同模态的内容进行翻译和理解。
研究人员需要进一步研究和开发适用于跨语言和多模态翻译的技术和工具，以满足人们在跨语言和多模态交流中的需求。
变形监测技术研究报告隐蔽的地质变形对地质灾害的发生和持续情况具有重要的影响。
为了及时准确地监测和识别地质体的变形过程，变形监测技术越来越受到关注。
本报告将重点介绍当前常用的几种变形监测技术，并分析其优缺点。
一、全站仪监测技术全站仪监测技术常用于地表建筑物、桥梁和市政工程等工程变形的监测。
通过在地质体上设置监测点，使用全站仪测量这些点在三维坐标系中的位置，可以得到地质体的形变情况。
全站仪监测技术具有高精度、高分辨率、易操作等特点，但需要人工进行测量，监测周期长，并且只适用于较小区域的监测。
二、InSAR技术合成孔径雷达干涉测量（InSAR）技术是通过卫星载荷的多普勒频率差异来测量地表形变的技术。
该技术具有较大的监测范围和良好的时空分辨率，可以实现大范围地质体的监测。
InSAR技术的主要缺点是受气象条件和地表覆盖情况的影响，并且需要较高成本的卫星数据。
三、GPS技术全球定位系统（GPS）技术是利用卫星信号和地面接收器来测量地表形变的技术。
GPS技术的优点是高精度、实时性强，并且适用于大范围的地质体监测。
然而，GPS技术需要建立起稳定的GPS测量站网，需要长期的数据观测和后处理，成本较高。
四、重力监测技术重力监测技术通过测量地表重力变化来获取地质体的形变信息。
该技术适用于较大区域的监测和长时间尺度的变形研究。
重力监测技术的优点是不受气象条件和地表覆盖的影响，但其灵敏度较低，需要较长的观测周期。
综上所述，不同的变形监测技术具有各自的优缺点，应根据具体的监测需求选择适用的技术。
随着技术的不断发展，变形监测技术在地质灾害预警和防治中的作用将不断增大。
景区外文翻译现状实证调查和研究作者：王艺臻吴佳怡袁秀凤来源：《旅游纵览》2021年第04期摘要：普陀山作为我国5A级旅游景区以及中国佛教四大名山之一，吸引着国内外游客和佛教团体前来交流参访。
目前，普陀山虽然具备了英、日、韩3种语言翻译，但依旧存在翻译不规范、不全面的问题。
本文以分析现状为主要导向，以功能对等理论为理论框架，笔者实地考察分析普陀山外语普及情况，重点就英语翻译存在的问题提出规范化建议。
关键词：外文翻译；功能对等；普陀山中图分类号：H315.9 文献标识码：A景区外文翻译不仅是外籍游客了解景区的工具，更是回顾历史、弘扬中国文化的重要窗口。
普陀山作为我国5A级风景名胜区以及中国佛教四大名山之一，宗教文化底蕴深厚，历年来举办的大型南海观音文化节，吸引着各国游客和佛教团体前来交流参访。
目前，普陀山虽然具备了英、日、韩三种语言翻译，但依旧存在翻译缺失和不规范的问题。
我国学者对此做了不少有价值的研究，其研究手段以翻译学理论为基础，一般分为两类。
第一类如赵平和吴彬（2007）、曾景婷（2009）等对旅游景点公示语翻译错误分析及翻译技巧探讨；第二类如陈刚（2002）、田文菡和张枫（2010）等对翻译质量的提高对促进城市形象的跨文化传播意义的研究[1-4]。
本文以分析现状为主要导向，以功能对等理论为理论框架，实地考察分析普陀山外语普及情况，重点就英语翻译存在的问题提出针对性地规范化建议，以期推动景区高质量、高水平的旅游翻译服务发展，提高普陀山景区在传播中华文明、扩大中华文化的影响力。
奈达理论的核心概念是“功能对等”，是我国引进较早的理论之一，是一种比较客观的等效翻译理论。
所谓“功能对等”，就是说翻译时不求文字表面的死板对应，而要在两种语言间达成功能上的对等。
为使源语和目的语之间的转换有一个标准，减少差异。
在这一理论中，他指出翻译是用最恰当、自然和对等的语言从语义到文体再现源语的信息。
功能对等理论的核心是“译文读者对原文的反应与原文读者对原文的反应应该是一致的”，因而奈达将翻译定义为“从语义到文体在译语中用最近似的自然对等值再现源语的信息”[5]。
桥梁变形监测现状总结第1篇用基于数据驱动的方法确定关键因素，并基于结构模态参数等关键因素识别的方法对结构有限元模型加以校正。
基于数据驱动的方法主要通过K-均值法、均方差法、熵权法，对不同指标的历史数据进行分类计算，并通过帕累托法实施重要性因素分析计算，再对关键因素加以分析，判断与理论计算或现场试验实测值的差异性。
1.均方差法：即各数据偏离平均数的距离的平均数。
某个指标的标准差越大，表明指标值的变异程度越高，提供的信息量也更多，在综合评价中所起的作用越突出，其权重也越大。
2.熵权法：用熵值来判断某个指标的离散程度，其信息熵值越小，指标的离散程度越大，该指标对综合评价的影响（即权重）就越大；如果某项指标的值全部相等，则该指标在综合评价中不起作用。
均值法：给定的一个含有n个数据点的数据集X及要预定目标的类别数量UK，选取欧式距离作为相似度指标，按照聚类平方和进行选择。
4.差异分析法：对于服从正态分布的不同参数可以采用变异系数或者相关系数。
对于不服从正态分布的不同参数可以采用相关系数。
以某连续梁桥和斜拉桥为例，对其结构响应的重要性采用不同方法进行分析，结果如下所示。
系统聚类法、灰色关联度法分类重要性按由高到低的顺序依次为中跨跨中节点加速度、0#块单元应力、边跨跨中位移、跨中单元应力和跨中位移。
与K-均值法相比，中跨跨中节点加速度重要性排在首位。
通过对主梁、主塔和索力因素地震时程加速度原始数据进行分析，三种方法的结果基本一致，即拉索因素的重要性均位居榜首。
二、基于优化算法的单参数智能预警技术桥梁作为一个复杂的系统，影响其运营安全性的因素众多，其中大多数因素不能通过定量的方法用函数关系表达出来，则多是依靠专家的经验或判断。
同时，对于桥梁的损伤评估，如果不加以分析与简化，即使是经验丰富的专家处理起来也相当的困难。
通过对结构建立有限元计算模型，可对桥梁进行较为详细的受力分析。
但考虑到桥梁在运营中面临着结构、自然、人为和材料等因素的损伤或破坏，在这种情况下，单纯的依靠理想化的理论模型的受力分析进行阈值设定，存在一定的分析缺陷。
分析GPS变形监测技术的现状与发展趋势摘要：在国内科技水平逐渐强化的背景下，变形监测技术最得了很大的发展，现如今，全球定位系统GPS，以其持续、高精准等良好的特点，而在诸多变形监测技术中被充分运用，然而以现阶段的情况来分析，GPS变形监测技术还是体现出诸多问题，那么在本文中，就将对GPS变形监测技术的现状与发展趋势做出探析。
关键词：GPS技术；变形监测；运用现状；发展趋势引言GPS技术属于新型的科学技术，在对运用过程中，其会体现出不可替代的作用。
其能够向世界范围内的所有用户持续提供的，民众所需求的高精准性的3D坐标、时间信息等参数，并且也属于所有变形监测技术中，运用程度最为深广的先进技术。
因全球范围内或大或小的地质灾害的出现是无可防备的，所以就只能将对其实行最大化的防控，从而使地质灾害为现实环境带来最轻的损害。
如果将GPS变形监测技术进行合理运用，就会实现以上目标。
1 GPS变形监测技术概述所谓变形监测，也就是说对路基、建筑的沉降、偏离原位等情况做出监测，是为了掌握引起变形的主要因素和指定时间内的变形数据。
在具体监测期间，倘若所监测的变形始终处于一定范围内，就可确定为普通变形状态，然而若形变已高出一定范围，则可能会干扰到建筑的稳定运用，则可能意味着有更大安全风险的降临，所以在这样的环境中就能够分析出，变形监测需要具备较高的精准度。
而其精准度重点是由建筑设计中允许变形值的高低来决定。
2 GPS变形监测模式及其存在的问题2.1GPS变形监测模式从综合角度来说，GPS变形监测技术通常可体现为两种模式，也就是周期性和连续性。
第一是周期性模式。
如果监测装置所要监测的对象，其形变发展较为迟缓时，就需要将这特定对象的时间、空间设定为与时间无关的物理量。
此时，周期性模式就能够体现其现实作用，而对指定对象做出规律性的监测。
在这样条件下所实行的监测，都属于静态监测。
这种监测模式通常都需要配备二台以上的接收机来提供信号传输顺畅的保障。
翻译技术研究现状问题与展望【摘要】翻译技术是在全球化时代中扮演着至关重要的角色。
本文从翻译技术研究的历史背景入手，探讨了传统翻译技术的局限性，以及机器翻译技术的发展与应用。
特别地，本文重点讨论了深度学习在翻译中的应用以及翻译技术研究面临的挑战。
在本文展望了翻译技术研究的未来发展方向、人工智能翻译的潜力，以及提升翻译质量的关键技术。
通过对翻译技术的现状问题与展望的分析，可以更好地了解翻译技术领域的最新动态，为未来的研究和实践提供新的思路和方向。
【关键词】翻译技术研究、历史背景、传统翻译技术、机器翻译、深度学习、翻译挑战、未来发展方向、人工智能、翻译质量、关键技术。
1. 引言1.1 翻译技术研究现状问题与展望翻译技术一直是人类交流和沟通中的重要环节，随着全球化进程的加快，对高效、准确的翻译需求也日益增加。
当前，翻译技术研究正处于一个关键时期，面临着诸多挑战和机遇。
传统翻译技术的局限性逐渐暴露出来，机器翻译技术的发展和应用成为行业关注的焦点。
深度学习技术的引入为翻译质量的提升提供了新的可能性，同时也带来了新的挑战。
在未来的发展中，人工智能翻译将有望实现更加智能化和个性化，提升翻译质量和效率。
为了更好地应对翻译技术研究中的现实问题和挑战，探索未来翻译技术发展的方向和关键技术是至关重要的。
只有不断创新和努力，翻译技术才能不断进步，更好地服务于人类的交流和理解。
将成为未来研究的重要方向，为构建一个更加智能和高效的翻译系统打下坚实的基础。
2. 正文2.1 翻译技术研究的历史背景翻译技术研究的历史背景可以追溯到几个世纪以前。
早在古代，人们就开始尝试将不同语言之间的文字进行转换。
最早的翻译工作主要是通过人工进行，翻译者需要具备多种语言的能力和丰富的文化背景才能完成任务。
随着社会的发展和交流的增加，翻译工作变得越来越重要。
在18世纪和19世纪，随着科学技术和国际贸易的发展，翻译技术逐渐引入了一些机械设备，比如印刷机等，以提高翻译效率和质量。
外文文献：Construction Quality Testing Industry Status and Development Strategies AbstractWith China's accession to the WTO, the foreign advanced detection of a large number of institutions will enter the domestic, For long-term protection of the domestic state of the detection unit is an unprecedented challenge. Therefore, this paper analyzes the status of the industry, the development of the industry to identify existing problems and challenges, as well as the development of the industry's response are discussed.Keywords detection, industry, strategy1. ForewordThe construction industry is one of the pillars of the national economy and infrastructure industries. Particularly as China is in a rapid development stage, the whole nation is increasing infrastructure construction. Meanwhile coupled with the construction industry as a driving force for economic development speed of the important forces that the construction industry is in a phase of great development. While China's construction market is in a very active stage, but also at extremely competitive market norms and plagued with problems : The first is to downgrading prices, kickbacks, Loaning "three knives," the prevalence of local protectionism, the rise of trade protection; Second, the construction sector's lack of a scientific management system,legal documents and document management do not match and the advanced foreign relatively big gap between the model; three construction teams is a serious imbalance in supply and demand. construction teams technical content and the quality of personnel is generally not very high [1].With China's accession to the WTO, the impact on the construction industry as a whole will have a far-reaching impact. WTO construction industry is an important aspect. Mainly related to the construction industry, the survey design and consulting, real estate, urban planning, cities with municipal utilities and construction fields related to the intermediary services. In the WTO agreement, the cause of building a service belonging to the scope of trade agreements. From the trade in services agreement connotation, At present, China's current building in the field of international trade at the basic level of labor-intensive services, while developed countries have technology, knowledge and capital-intensive service levels. Generally speaking, the gap is relatively large. China's accession to the WTO must be in accordance with the WTO agreement on the rights and obligations of the principle of balance to the enjoyment of certain rights, we must also fulfill its obligations, commitments, open markets and the risks facing pressure.The construction industry as an integral part of quality testing with the quality of people and raise awareness of the people to keep. Detection of emerging industries from the beginning of development today, as the construction industry is a subsidiary portion : A construction enterprises isthe internal laboratories; A scientific research institutions within the nature of the teaching and research laboratories; One is the quality of supervision and management at all levels established by the government with the supervision of color detection room. Three forms of detection units have been in accordance with their respective fields of work and testing work, and has been affiliated to the parent body in accordance with the department for operation is not yet in independent operation of enterprises idea. However, as the impact of the WTO, according to international testing organizations general requirements must become independent corporate qualifications, should be an independent third-party intermediary services, the position becomes clearer, Detection of various units have started to carry out changes. In a transitional stage, it should be seriously from the perspective of the development of the industry in how to gradually standardized, regularization of the market economy into successful adaptation to changes in the market, the rapid growth and development.Industry Overview2.1 Background industry2.1.1 Testing Industry StatusDetection industry from the formation of today approximately 15 years of experience -- 20 years of history, 10 years has made detection by the small-scale industries in turn, the type of work to a single integrated, Detection market concept from scratch, from covert to overt, variousconstruction projects throughout the country now testing nearly 5,000 institutions, corporate laboratory quantity of approximately 40%, oversight agencies detected 30%, research institutions detection force for 30%.The large number of enterprises belonging to the first laboratory to laboratory, which means that enterprises in order to guarantee the quality of their products and the establishment of the laboratory, Due to its nature to a large extent, limited their testing to the market and As a subsidiary body within enterprises in a position of economic strength, the ability to detect, size and technical strength sessions at a disadvantage in the market testing the market share of about 20%.The establishment of oversight bodies at all levels of detection Room With a policy of absolute advantage because of their government background, it formed a short time to overcome the disadvantages of monopoly through inspection missions in the form of rapidly in size and detection capabilities to gain the upper hand. Detection become mainstream market forces detection. However, the side effects of monopoly behavior is at its long-term policy to protect the state, compared with other inefficient institutions,technical level is not high, poor sense of service, their competitive ability.Research institutions with institutional reform of public institutions and to keep stepping up the detection of operational inputs, it becomes the main development of the industry. and the gradual transition to an independent third party for the detection of corporate enterprises. They rely on theoriginal national scientific research strengths in technical strength, hardware equipment and share office space due to the advantages. Since they first enter the market, and competition in the market has summed up the experience of many.2.12.1.3 detection industry characteristicsDetection industry policy is a strong industryThe testing organizations as the quality of construction projects related to the regulation came into being. Detection market and the formation and development of policy guidance directly affected. Detection of accreditation and quality management industry itself is the government policy adjustment means Detection of the size of the market is the same quality management policy decision directly, it Detection market is not fully open market, detection industry is a strong policy-oriented industries.Detection industry with a strong regionalAs the test industry is highly policy-oriented industries, Therefore local administrative departments will be in accordance with the actual formulation of their own places of special local regulatory requirements, special departments in charge of the industry is the ability to set up a registration system to review the decision directly detect the scope of services to the main location and overseas institutions to enter the local market under strict restrictions. Another quality of the project itself needs to detect large-scale testing equipment, and sample analysis with cleareffectiveness, and Judging from the traffic, cost, operational convenience considerations, and testing work carried out with difficulty across regions, so as to determine the jurisdiction of the market's independence.Testing Industry current threshold is not high technologyDetection of long-term because the industry is monopolized by the government, the degree of market testing poorer. A long time under the protection of the testing agencies often subsidiary departments or sections operation, not formed a separate set of operational development management, in particular with foreign advanced detection comparison, Detection of the lack of management of the scientific system of internal management systems and experience. Due to the above reasons, the usual detection units to the venue and other hardware equipment and technical training hardware input, the extent of the long-term stagnation of low-level redundant development momentum, thus causing the current policy, the element of monopoly, But technical threshold of the low status.Detection of a single institutional tradesDetection industry because of strong government color, it is often lock system in state-owned enterprises or enterprise units Private capital and foreign capital has been watching this area, but the policy has been limited by lack of access. Thus the detection system of a single industry. However, with the reform of state-owned utilities, testing organizations may become joint-stock reform, With China's accession to the World Trade Organizationin-depth, open architecture market has become inevitable, and we can see that the pattern is very unstable, The policy change immediately break the existing balance.Chapter II trades plight3.1 industries facing difficulties and challengesThe construction industry as an integral part of quality testing with the quality of people and raise awareness of the people to keep. Detection of emerging industries from the beginning of development today, we are faced with difficulties and challenges from all quarters.3.1.1 policy risksDetection of industries affected by the policy is the high level of the industry. The emergence and development of policy-oriented results. And the first to face the problem is the policy risk. Our analysis category of standards and standardize the development and implementation of international standards is not that high. China's current testing standards used several decades ago are old standards, those standards with international standards is far below With China's WTO accession, the various standards and are facing a convergence problem. In this evolving standards of the original equipment, and technical forces, methods of operation will be larger changes. Detection industry must face from the above policy changes bring risks.3.1.2 WTO ChallengesFrom the formation of industry development today, institutions aretesting the construction industry as part of the subsidiary there. have formed an independent operation of the management system. However, as the impact of the WTO, according to international testing organizations General Requirements - Guideline 25 to laboratory management [2] For the detection of domestic institutions in terms of Guide 25 of regulatory requirements is not only stranger things More importantly for the management thinking which is completely new system, Our testing organizations in the management of this very lack of experience. The entire industry isFacing industries in the transition stage.3.2 sector the main problemsDetection of businesses are facing not only a variety of risks and challenges, there should be a clear understanding of trade issues and inadequate, only be achieved targeted.3.2.1 currently testing the market very confusing. As part of the construction unit of the sense of the quality of information to stay in the clearance stage, and the current detection unit is a passive acceptance of the construction unit entrusted Thus the detection and the detection of not only the relationship between the commission has been tasked also is testing and testing, In economic relations and impartiality of the two seemingly contradictory, and many units it is very difficult to detect good relations. Testing the market to evaluate a detection unit quality standard is not stringent but whether the necessary flexibility and convenience. In such an environment, it isimpossible to cultivate brand reputation based on the detection units.3.2.2 current detection unit faced the question of how to most from the mother, separated from the survival of future troubles. Some units have already moved away from the essence of the name of the detachment, from the administration and from the economy still is not independent. Therefore, as the true sense of the operation of the independent testing organizations how to manage, How to survival and development have not too much experience to draw on.3.2.3 detection units in the subsidiary as a long-term position in technology, human resources, capital investment is insufficient, and So compared with other industries or fields with other testing organizations, the technical content is not high, and technological development at a slow pace. With the vigorous development of industry, especially China's accession to the WTO, right as soon as possible to improve detection units the technical capacity and technical requirements of urgency.Chapter III sectoral responsesConstruction industry in China is in the stage of rapid development, with the heightened awareness of the national quality, Detecting the development of the industry is full of potential and hope.The community of detection to the more urgent. The same time, higher demands. Therefore detection industry as a way of testing must become industrialized, eventually become a true sense of the impartiality of thethird-party intermediaries. As testing organizations in order to adapt to future developments must also :Improve the monitoring and quality awarenessIntroduce a comprehensive international Guideline 25 generic laboratory management requirements become the trend of the times. My test industry is most lacking is that through the operation of the quality system to ensure detection of justice and authority. Detection of domestic institutions and the international community must continue to implement the guidelines of the 25 requirements, Guideline 25 and the core is a comprehensive quality management. My test industry generally detection quality awareness is not high, the internal quality management experience little, But not because of the current difficulties in implementing abandoned but should on the one hand to the efforts of their counterparts abroad to study advanced laboratory management experience, While local conditions and gradually explore a suitable condition of the quality of its management. Through continuous learning and exploration as soon as possible to reduce our foreign counterparts and the gap between them.Establish the concept of service and find their true positionOur detection industry will be a long time before the detection of impartiality and seriousness and testing service in opposition. Detection also accustomed to "check" for its role, but along with the test industry and the international community. Detection of the advancement of the market, usedto do before "the inspection team" role in the detection staff must change their attitudes. Detection of the future because of the positioning is service, a special technical service, since the service must lay stress on the credit, attitude and the quality of services, this service does not mean sacrificing justice testing to meet the needs of certain clients, but in ensuring the integrity of the testing for improving the detection level of satisfaction with services. Only provide satisfactory services to the detection units in a fair market environment detection survival and development.Establish modern enterprise management conceptsDetection from institutions attribute to enterprises attribute the changes Detection and subsidiary bodies from the past to the status of independent corporate units changing decision of the detection technology is positioning service enterprise, speaking as a testing organizations must establish a modern enterprise management concepts, refer to and use all the advanced enterprise management tools and methodologies to help detect bodies healthy development. For example, the introduction of ERP to control and reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of detection, use CRM software to improve customer service quality, use of the "5S" management method to strengthen the orderly scene detection, using brand promotion measures to improve detection of reputation, and so on. Once detected the introduction of modern industries advanced enterprise management experience and test industry can truly be "bigger and stronger."Foster talentFuture detection units in the competition is in fact the competition of talents. Once foreign counterparts to enter China first launched the battle for talent. As China's industry in terms of detecting most is the lack of professional personnel, Now, China's construction industry practitioners detection generally low quality and our tertiary institutions has not offered specialized professional, Detection of the training industry as a whole development of detection, the focus it is necessary to raise the detection threshold of industry practitioners, establish a detection mechanism for training internal staff and personnel training mechanism, in advance of reserve personnel, to meet future challenges more severe.SummaryConstruction Quality Testing Industry should serve as a unique industry is facing major changes before and the changing of exploration , as the entire industry in terms of not only have to face the increasingly fierce industry competition, should be a clear understanding of their foreign counterparts from the competition. In the transformation of the WTO encountered greater difficulties and challenges, but the test industry should respond positively, and establish a comprehensive quality awareness, draw on modern enterprise management experience, enhance service and the sense of personnel and Our test industry can adapt to international competition, in order to ensure the healthy development of industries.References[1] Xu Bo, "making great quality supervision institutions conscientiously doa good job of adjustments", "quality", 2002, No. 8 2-5.[2] "Testing and Calibration Laboratories generic requirements" (ISO/IEC17025 : 1999). State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision, p. 1.中文译文：建设工程质量检测行业现状及发展对策摘要随着我国加入WTO，国外先进的检测机构必将大量进入国内，对于长期处于保护状态的国内检测单位带来的是前所未有的冲击。
附录：Distortion monitor research present situation summary[ Abstract ] this article on from distortion monitor technology, monitor data thick difference recognition, displacement analysis and distortion forecast and so on several aspects, summary distortion jail Measured the research the present situation, carries on the thorough analysis to the existing distortion monitor theory and the technical method serviceability and its the existence question, and discusses its development tendency.[ Key word ] distorts the monitor；The displacement analyzes；Distortion forecast；Research present situation1 introductionThe distortion (Deformation) is refers to the deformable body in under each kind of influence factor function, its shape, size and position in time air zone change. The nature has each kind of form the distortion, like the earth's crust deformation, the landslide, mining cave in, the high-rise construction swings as well as the dam distortion and so on. Studies and in the project domain distortion said, when the distortion quantity does not surpass the certain scope, cannot cause the harm, but when the distortion quantity surpasses the permission scope which the deformable body can withstand, then often can bring the serious disaster. The earthquake, the volcaniceruption, the crag collapse, the landslide, the dam and the bridge breaks down collapses and so on, all is the typical distortion destruction phenomenon. These disasters occurrences, seriously harm humanity's life and property security, the various countries every year therefore suffers massive loss. Because many disaster soccurrences and the distortion have the extremely close relation, thus, the distortion monitor research in domestic and foreign has received the widespread value.2 distortions monitors technologyAlong with the science and technology progress and to the distortion monitor request unceasing enhancement, the distortion monitor technology also in unceasingly develops. Before 1980s, the distortion monitor mainly is uses the convention ground survey technology and certain special survey methods. The convention ground survey, is uses routine measurement instrument station the and so on the altazimuth, level, distance gauge, entirestation meter distortion value. Its merit：(1) Can provide the deformable body whole the strained condition；(2) Is suitable to the different monitor precision request, the different form deformable body and the different monitor renvironment；(3) May provide the absolute deformation information. But field operation work load big, the stationing the topographical condition influence, is not been easy to realize the automate dmonitor. The special survey method including the strain-gauging, surveys and inclines the survey, it has the survey process simply, may monitor the deformable body interior the distortion, is easy to realize merit and so on automated monitor, but usually only provides partial and the relative distortion information.In the recent 10 years, the short distance photo grammetry in the tunnel, the bridge, the dam, the landslide and aspect and so on high-rise construction distortion monitor obtained the wide spread application, its monitor precision may achieve the mm level. Short distance photo grammetry merit：(1) May absorb under the instantaneous precise recording the object the information and the position relations；(2) May use in the rule, is irregular or can contact the object the distortion monitor；(3) In the picture information rich, is objective and also may the long-term preservation, is advantageous tocarries on the distortion the contrast analysis；(4) The monitor work simple, fast, is safe. In recent years develops numeral photo graphic survey technology, also in distortion monitor and so on the building and landslide obtained the successful application, and demonstrates the good application prospect. At present distorts the monitor newest technology is the distortion monitors the robot the application.The GPS global positioning system application has brought a profound revolution for the survey technology. According to the material in troduced that, overseas starts from the 1980s with GPS to carry on the distortion monitor. In recent years, our country in carried on the landslide using GPS to distort, the dam distorts, mining area aspect and so on ground settlement and earth's crust deformation monitor, has done the massive research work. The GPS distortion monitor mainly has following merit：(1) The precision is higher, is bigger than 10km when the base length, its relative accuracy may achieve 10-6~10-7,obviously surpasses the tradition geodetic survey monitor technology；(2) The monitor the weather condition limit, may not carry on the all-weather monitor；(3) The monitor, the record, calculated entire automatically completes, has guaranteed monitor achievement objective andthe reliability, simultaneously greatly reduced monitoredpersonnel's labor intensity；(4) Between the test point does not need the inter visibility, the point sort not the topographical condition limit；(5) The test point three dimensional coordinates may also determine；(6) Its fishing net expense approximately for convention geodetic survey technology fishing net expense 1/6~1/3. Along with the computer technology, the wireless communication technology, the spatial technology and the geoscience rapid development, "3S" (GPS,GIS, RS) the technology has developed from respective in dependence enters mutually integrates the fusion the stage. "3S" the technical integration may for analyze and studies between each kind of information the reciprocity provide the technical strut, specially tense GIS (Temporal GIS, is called TGIS) the technical application, it may describe the four-dimensional space geological phenomenon, besides has general GIS the function, but also can record studies in the region each geological phenomenon as necessary between deductive process, this to geological disaster the and so on the landslide monitor forecast has the count for much function. Therefore, studies based on "3S" the integrated distortion monitor system, is distorts a monitor technology important development tendency. Moreover, carries on the engineering structure using the survey robot the automated distortion monitor, generally may select two methods according to the actual situation：One kind is fix edentire automatically continues to monitor the way；One kind moves the periodic net observation way. In The engineering structure distortion automation monitor aspect, surveys the robot gradually to become the first choice the auto mated survey technical equipment.3 displacements analysis method. After the distortion monitoring network two issues obtain the coordinates difference, possibly moves the quantity, also possibly is the observation error reflection (namely test point moves by no means). Therefore, must carry on the displacement analysis in the distortion monitor data processing. The existing distortion monitoring network displacement analysis method, may in duce into the simple point displacement analysis, the whole displacement analysis and the steady iteration power estimates 3 methods.The simple point displacement analysis has the comparison test and the t inspection method. Comparison test use simple, but quite rough, the t inspection method effect is better, at present applies widely. Pelzer proposed in 1971 at present widely uses whole displacement analysis average gap law. The steady iteration power estimated the law is first carries onbythefree freedom method to two issue of nets , obtains the coordinates two groups smallest two to ride the solution and the coordinates is bad. Then, through the simple point stability examination and the selection weight function, unceasingly changes in the reference datum datum power, the gradually iterative computation, finally causes the displacement power is 1,live moving point displacement power takes according to its displacement quantity size is smaller than 1 positive number. Because steady iterates the power to estimate has the stronger localization model error the ability, uses in to move analyzes the effect well, especially when exists compares the imperial throne effect to be after a short while better. But the above each displacement analysis method has the following shortcoming：(1) Regarding the concrete deformation network, its displacement moves the situation differently, when the observation value pretreatment chooses the datum to be different, will draw the different conclusion to the displacement determination, sometimeseven will draw the wrong conclusion；(2) If two issue of monitor sprecisions are different, namely two issue of parent substances units power variance is inconsistent, then cannot apply；(3) When carries on the supposition examination, the remarkable level selection has enormously is subjective at will. Therefore, the displacementanalysis method still had further to study and the consummation.4 distortions analyzes and forecasts the methodAs a result of the deformable body structure, the constituentarchery target physics mechanical properties, the exogenic process complexity and the determinism, does not establish the appropriate indeed qualitative model to be difficult, therefore, through promulgates the distortion monitor data sequence the structure and the rule, establishes the performance forecast model, reflected the distortion characteristic, the inference change tendency, becomes one effective method. In recent years, approached with the mathematical model, simulates and promulgates changes The physique distortion and the dynamic characteristic become the new research direction, comparison has the representative model is：Definite function model, regression analysis model, time series analysis model, gray system model, nerve network model, Mar tan oak husband modelThe definite function model main characteristic is：Using the deformable body mechanical properties and the physical parameter, establish between the load and the distortion the indeed qualitative functional relation, is one kind has "first examines" the natureforecast method. The modelling does not need the massive distortions monitor material, can carry on the distortion forecast in the distortion monitor initial period. When the complex deformable body distortion uses the determination the theory relations type to express with difficulty, uses the limited unit law computation, because the deformable body is impossible is the complete elastomer, can introduce the error as a result of the elastic supposition, therefore this method has not been able to promote the application. The regression analysis model is the basis measured data with the least squares method determination regression equation parameter, after the modelling belongs to the experience model or "examines the model" the category. This kind of model modelling process simple, the easy too perate, at present is widespread in the domestic and foreign applications. If uses expands, then the forecast precision can be higher. When but less or the deformable body has the distortion situation in the monitor data which formerly not experienced, the return model forecast deviation was bigger. This model divides into following several kinds：(1) The curve draws up Gathers, this law suits to each kind of smooth curve is approximate the description thing development the basic tendency. (2)Many Yuan linearity regression analysis, this method the distortion which observes through the analysis (effect quantity) and the external factor (reason) the between correlational dependence, establishes the mathematical model which between the load - distortion relates.Gradually the linear return model is the establishment the one by one admits the remarkable factor in the F examination foundation to enter the regression equation. This method applies to distortion observation data processing is one static data processing method, establishes the model is one kind of static model. The time series analysis model uses in to distort the analysis to have a better effect, and may carry onthe analysis to "dynamic" the distortion with the Fourier method oftransformation. But this law in aspect and so on model service ability and succession spacing waits for further studies. This method is the establishment in the output equal in value in principle equal in value system mathematical model. The gray system model, the partial systems known partial systems unknown system is called the gray system. The gray system theory is studies the solution gray system analysis, the modelling, the forecast, policy-making and the control theory. The gray system model merit is when the data sample less (above 4) may the modelling forecast that, can overcome the regression analysismethod the insufficiency, when in the monitor data sequence contains has the definite exponential function rule, its forecast precision is high.But if the monitor data for does not wait for the time curve, must carry on the transformation.5 forecastsAlong with the distortion analysis research comprehensive development, in particular the cybernetics, the information theory,the operations research, system dynamics, the fuzzy mathematics and the pessimistic theory constitution systems science system emerges as well as in the distortion analysis research area significant application, in the mapping, the authority surveys the scientist generally to feel, the distortion analysis already arrived has devoted to the distortion dynamic model research and the application. Then on-line arized theory rapid development, specially changes suddenly discusses, is divided the shape to discuss, the chaos kinetic theory as well as the nerve network theory appearance and the application, brings the new method for the nature complex phenomenon research. In natural disaster forecast fore cast research aspect, the people start using the mutation theory to carry on the landslide risk judgement and the forecast around, has the dimension change with the minute fundamental research earthquake and so on. Along with the modern science and technology development and the computer application technical level enhancement, each kind of theory and the method analyzed and distorts the forecast to provide the extensive research way for the distortion.译文：变形监测研究现状综述【摘要】本文就从变形监测技术、监测数据粗差的识别、位移显著性分析和变形预报等几个方面,简述变形监测研究的现状,对现有变形监测理论和技术方法的适用性及其存在的问题进行深入分析,并探讨其发展趋势。
