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2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。
第一卷1至14页。
第二卷15-18页。
考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一卷注意事项。
1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案示号，在试题卷上作答无效。
．．．．．．．．．．第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.ξ19.15B. ξ9.15C. ξ9.18案是B。
1.What is the weather like?A. It’s raining.B. It’s cloudy.C. It’s sunny.2.Who will go to China next month?A. Lucy.B. Alice.C. Richard.3.What are the speaking talking about?A. The men’sB. A filmC. An actor4.Where will the speakers meet?A. In Room 340B. In Room 314C. In Room 2235.Where does the conversnien most probably take place?A. In a restaurantB. In an officeC. At home第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码：00595PART ONEⅠ.TEXT COMPREHENSIONThe following comprehension questions are based on the texts you have learned, and each of them is provided with 4 choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Choose the best answer to each question and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points, 1 point each)1.“One dollar and eighty-seven cents,”which O. Henry repeatedly mentions in Gifts of the Magi, is _____.[A]the money Della has been earning for months[B]what Della has saved to buy herself a comb[C]what Jim has given her for a Christmas present[D]the money Della has saved to buy Jim a present2.When the brothers discovered the secret love affair between Lisabetta and Lorenzo, they _____.[A]decided to wait for a chance to wipe away the shame[B]restrained from taking action after long consideration[C]immediately put an end to it by killing Lorenzo and burying him in a remote place[D]secretly sent Lorenzo away on business without informing their sister of it3.Accoridng to The Pardoner's Tale, the woman who gave the knight the right answer to the question disguised herself as a very old and ugly woman in order to .[A]avoid being noticed by the Queen[B]try out his goodness as a knight[C]prevent the knight from finding the answer[D]make sure he was obedient to women4.“She (Mme. Loisel )seemed to have fallen from her proper situation in life as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm.”This quotation from The Necklace simply means that ______. [A]she had been a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm but now she was no longer whatshe used to be[B]she should have been a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm but her husband spoiled allher dreams[C]she felt as if a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm had fallen into an abyss(深渊)ofbitter life[D]as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm, she should have had a social position shedeserved5.According to the story The Lost Gold Piece, when Lebeau refused to be searched,______.[A]his friends said nothing but walked out in anger[B]those present were all certain that Lebeau was a thief[C]no one spoke to Lebeau though most of them felt pity for him[D]he felt as if the were a real criminal6.Aesop was a Greek writer who ______.[A]wrote Snow White and many other stories about fairies and princes[B]wrote many stories about animals that talked and behaved like humans[C]collected Greek legends and myths 2,500 years ago[D]collected European lyrics and folk songs in ancient Greece7.In The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calavers County, Smiley went off to the swamp to find a frog to serve as Daniel's opponent for a jumping contest. While he was waiting for Smiley to return, the stranger took Daniel out of the box and ______.[A]fed him a few teaspoons of whisky[B]fed him a few teaspoons of sand[C]replaced him by a good-looking frog[D]ran away with Smiley's box and money8.In Art for Heart's Sake, after Ellsworth recovered from the disease, he made a surprising announcement that ______.[A]he would run a big risk of buying the gallery[B]he was going to exhibit his painting in the summer show at the gallery[C]some good paintings would be singled out for praise[D]he would comp up with a more promising financial plan9.According to How to Live like a Millionaire, the accumulation of wealth chiefly depends on ______.[A]self-discipline [B]inheritance[C]intelligence [D]luck10.The theme of Rip Van Winkle, a short story taken from The Sketch Book, is ______.[A]the value of individualism and intuitive perception[B]the human imagination to commune with nature[C]the nostalgia(怀旧)for the unrecoverable past[D]the praise for the individual and common man11.On waking up, Rip V an Wrinkle found himself ______.[A]in the hollow where the serious folk played ninepins[B]in the woods where he used to divert himself in hunting[C]in one of the biggest parts of mountains he used to climb[D]on the green hill where he had first seen the old man with the keg full of liquor12.In The Wrong House, the two men entered the house stealthily to ______.[A]make a big robbery [B]hide the suitcase packed with dollars[C]flee for their lives [D]wait for their partners13.Pandora's Box conveys to the reader the message that ______.[A]the warnings given by friends or family members should be valued[B]there is hope in life despite trouble and difficulty[C]curiosity often brings harm and trouble in life[D]patience is the best rule of life for young couples14.According to Bricks from the Tower of the Babel, nearly a thousand languages have been invented with the purpose to ______.[A]enrich natural languages[B]confound the languages of the world[C]create a single international language[D]replace native languages15.The use of Latin and Greek roots appeals to most linguists mainly because of ______.[A]their link to the religion[B]their long history[C]their direct spelling rules and pronunciation[D]their Indo-European origin16.Helen Keller cited an example of her friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods to show that ______.[A]the seeing often do not see the interesting things[B]the seeing do not know the wonderful pleasure of touching things[C]walking in the woods is the best way to enjoy Nature[D]the blind get little pleasure through mere touching17.According to Social Classes, one thing that helps to make social class elastic is ______.[A]birth [B]residence[C]marriage [D]occupation18.The Supreme Court sees to it that ______.[A]the President does not become a dictator[B]the Congress approves the President's proposals[C]the individual's rights are protected against the government[D]the states do not go against the federal government19.Jane felt an inexpressible relief, a feeling of protection and safety when she knew that ______.[A]there was a stranger in the room[B]Mrs Reed was nearby[C]Bessie sat by her bedside[D]John Reed was not in the room20.In Jane Eyre, Bessie asked Sarah to come and sleep with her in the nursery because she ______.[A]wanted to discuss Jane's problems with her[B]was afraid that Jane might die that night[C]believed that Mr Reed's ghost might rise before her[D]had a terrible dream the night beforeⅡ.READING COMPREHENSIONIn this part there are 4 reading passages followed by 20 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Y ou should decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Queen Elizabeth II’s pronunciation of English has been infected by her subjects, Aussie scientists say.Phoneticists from Sydney's Macquarie University studied archive recordings of the Queen's annual Christmas message to the Commonwealth from the 1950s to1980s, analyzing her Majesty's vowels.They then compared those vowels with the standard accent of southern England, as used by female British broadcasters on the BBC in the 1980s, to see how the royal accent had changed.Their conclusion: the cut-glass speech of the early years of the Queen's reign has become—how shall we say—somewhat commoner over the years.That in itself subtly mirrors the changes is Britain, from a country with a rigid social hierarchy(等级制度)four decades ago to one where class differences have blurred and in some areas disappeared.“The Queen's pronunciation of some vowels has been influenced by the standard southern-British accent of the 1980s which is more typically associated with speakers who are younger and lower in the social hierarchy,”the researchers say.Standard speech in southern England has been influenced by Cockneys(伦敦人), whose accent was initiated by Dick V an Dyke in the Walt Disney movie“Mary Poppins.”Purists will be reassured that the Queen's “Hice (house) of Windsor”will not become the Ouse of Windsor”(by dropping the‘h’) in the foreseeable future.However, there have been changes in 10 out of the 11 vowel sounds in the standard English.These changes bring her speech closer to that of her Cockney subjects, the researchers found.An example of this is the way in which she pronounces “had”.In the 1950s, the royal pronunciation of this word almost rhymed with“bed”.But 30 years later, it had migrated halfway to the standard southern English pronunciation, which rhymes “had”with“had”.The Australian team say the pronunciation of all languages alters subtly over time, mainly because of influence from the young, and it is foolish for anyone to try to prevent change.“The chances of societies and academies successfully preserving a particular form of pronunciation against the influence of community and social changes are unlikely,”they say.The research was published December 21 in Nature, the British science weekly.21.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?[A]The pronunciation of all languages changes subtly over time.[B]It is not always easy to preserve a particular form of pronunciation.[C]The Queen's English has become commoner.[D]Class differences have blurred and even disappeared.22.Who did the research into the Queen's pronunciation?[A]An Australian research group.[B]Phoneticians from a British University.[C]A British science weekly.[D]The BBC broadcasters.23.The Queen's pronunciation of some vowels has been influenced by .[A]female British broadcasters on the BBC in the 1980s[B]the social changes in Britain in the 1980s[C]the standard speech in southern England[D]her subjects in the Commonwealth countries24.By saying that the change in the Queen's English mirrors the social changes in Britain, the writer means .[A]the rigid social hierarchy 40 years ago has collapsed[B]the Queen's accent has been influenced by the lower class[C]the Queen's accent is associated with the younger speakers[D]the social differences in Britain are no longer as distinct as before25.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT stated?[A]The researchers analyzed the Queen's vowels to see how the royal accent had changed.[B]The researchers found that the Queen's accent is closer to that of her Cockney subjects.[C]It is unlikely to preserve a particular accent against social changes and influence ofcommunity.[D]The change in the pronunciation of a particular language is closely associated with the Royalspeech.Passage 2If culture is learned, there must be channels of transmission. This is the task of agents of socialization—people and organizations charged with conveying the rules. Chief among these are parents, peers, teachers, the media, and religious authorities.The first and most important agent of socialization is those who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers(抚养人) constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant's first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotions. What the child learns is the culture as mediated through others. A desire for continued interaction with the nurturers, combined with a fear of losing these sources of pleasure, motivates the infant to become sensitive to the cues of those entrusted with its care.Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship group of age peers. Peers are equals, whereas parents are superiors in relation to the child. The greater power of parents makes some kinds of learning difficult. A distance and formality must be observed even in the most indulgent (宽容) homes. Peers, on the other hand, are those one can deal with on the same level as oneself: tease, insult, let imagination loose upon, share dreadful mistakes with , and so on, but without the heavy emotional overlay of family relationship.Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization, and are paid for the task. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it.In an earlier time, parents, friends, and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhoodsocializers. Children's books, comics, and magazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add four powerful indirect socialization agents: radio, movie, television and computer. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of the good life, and develop attitudes toward others from what they see on the screen and hear through loudspeakers.26.The main topic of this passage is .[A]agents of socialization [B]sources of information[C]culture and language learning [D]channels of transmission27.According to the passage, parents are .[A]the first and most important agents of socialization[B]the less powerful agents of socialization than teachers[C]the least important agents of socialization[D]formal agents of socialization28.Some kind of knowledge cannot be learned from parents because .[A]there is the heavy emotional overlay of family relationships[B]children are not regarded as equals[C]children are not allowed to make mistakes[D]they have too many age peers29.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source of information on norms and models?[A]Games. [B]Radio.[C]Books. [D]Television.30.The term “socializers”in the last paragraph refers to .[A]instructors [B]agents of socialization[C]superiors [D]nurturersPassage 3Before graduation from the University of Virginia, I sent my resume to African embassies and consulates, trying to find a position teaching English. But I didn't find a school in all the continent that would guarantee employment. In desperation, I applied to the Japanese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Foreign Affairs to teach English in Japan, which became my job offer.But the more I thought about going to Japan, the more apprehensive I became, I knew nothing of the history or culture, and I didn't speak the language. I worried that facing prejudice in a foreign country would be extremely frustrating.Arriving at Sakura Nishi High School, about 40 minutes from Tokyo, I was relieved to find that everyone, from my principal to the PTA mothers, treated me with kindness and respect. But I discovered that while Japanese teens respected me as an American, they idolized me because I was Black.While I was in Japan, trendy department stores advertised Booby Brown posters, Cross Colours gear and X caps in their windows, Rappers from Ice-T to Ice Cube toured, and Malcolm X was atthe major theaters. On Saturday nights Shibuya ward. Tokyo’s hub of hip-hop and high fashion, was packed with students in baggy jeans, “Doc”Martens, Chicango Bulls caps, permed (烫头发的) Afros and dreadlocks. To them, my being African-American meant I was Kakoi, cool. And before long I was a star.At a track-and-field event in Tokyo, I was one of the few foreign spectators. I hadn't been there ten minutes when a screaming mob of young girls swarmed around me like bees, waving pens, notebooks and T-shirts in my face, shouting,“Sign, sign, sign!”I was petrifide(发呆的).Then it dawned on me that they thought I was an athlete. I couldn’t explain in Japanese that I was only a spectator, so I surrendered.That day was only the first of many incidents of mistaken identity and instant stardom. Nightclub managers let me in free, knowing my presence would attract patrons, and security guards at rap concerts gave me backstage passes. To be young, single and Black in Tokyo in the nineties was surely as exciting and romantic as the pre-World War ⅡSpain Hemingway knew.But I wanted to say to the Japanese, “Y ou must understand, being Black is more involved than just wearing an X cap. It means being committed to furthering our race and nurturing our children. Being Black runs deeper than just having rhythm. It means possessing a history of more than 300 years of fighting for freedom and equality. And as a people, we are more diverse than our hair-styles. Our talents and interests vary as much as our shades of brown.”I wished I could have said what I really should have been telling myself all along, rather than defining myself by our images as either sports stars and performers or criminals and victims.31.The author's reason for going to Japan was that she .[A]intended to learn about the country and its people[B]failed to find an opportunity to teach English in Africa[C]knew she would be respected in foreign country[D]wanted to see if she would face prejudice in Japan32.How did the author feel about going to Japan?[A]Desperate. [B]Nervous.[C]Disappointed. [D]Frustrated.33.The author was treated like a star in Japan because .[A]she was a famous athlete [B]she was a famous rapper[C]she was an American [D]she was Black34.The writer's experience in Japan clearly tells us that .[A]Japanese people lack confidence in their own nation[B]many Japanese believe that all Blacks who visit Japan are famous athletes[C]people in Japan are strongly opposed to racial prejudice[D]Japanese people like sports and many are sports fans35.It can be most safely concluded from the last paragraph that .[A]the author did not actually tell anyone her ideas about being black[B]Japanese people were quite ignorant of American history[C]there was a lack of cultural exchange between American and Japan[D]people in the two countries have some misunderstanding about each otherPassage 4Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently pronouncing a foreign language is a skill—one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of itself, I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and by his whole attitude to the subject should get the student to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions, when other aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.Apart from this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be obtained from books. It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory. It is also possible in this way to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students' pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.But it does not follow that you can teach pronunciation successfully as soon as you have read the necessary books. It depends after that what use you make of your knowledge; and this is a matter of technique.36.What does the writer actually say about pronouncing foreign languages?[A]Only a few people are really proficient.[B]No one is really an expert in the skill.[C]There aren't many people who are even fairly good.[D]There are even some people who are moderately proficient.37.The best way of learning to speak a foreign language, he suggests, is by .[A]picking it up naturally as a child[B]learning from a native speaker[C]not concentrating on pronunciation as such[D]undertaking systematic work38.What is it that teachers are said to be inclined to forget?[A]The practical teaching of languages.[B]The importance of a good accent.[C]The principles of phonetic theory.[D]The teaching of pronunciation in the classroom.39.The value the student puts on correct speech habits depends upon .[A]how closely he attends to the matter[B]whether it is English that is being taught[C]his teacher's approach to pronunciation[D]the importance normally given to grammar and spelling40.How might the teacher find himself wasting lesson time?[A]By spending lesson time on pronunciation.[B]By making ill-informed comments upon pronunciation.[C]By not using books on phonetics in the classroom.[D]By not giving students a clear mental picture of the difference between sounds.Ⅲ.SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this part there are 3 reading passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 answers marked [A],[B],[C]and[D].Skim or scan the passages, then decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point each)Passage 1Page PREFACE 1 INTRODUCTION 5The Search of American Characterby Luther S. Luedtke 35PART ONEBuilding a Nation1.America's Natural Landscapes 43by Pierce Lewis2.From Immigration to Acculturation 68by Arthur Mann3.The Frontier Family: Dislocation and the American Experience 81by Lillian Schlissel4.A Consonance of Towns 91by Richard Lingeman5.Urban America 105by Sam Bass Warner, Jr.6.Cultural Regions of America 121by Raymond D. GastilPART TWO 135 Expressions of American Culture1.American Manners 140by Neil Harris2.The Artlessness of American Culture 153by Dickran Tashjian3.A New Architecture, Y et Old 165by Leland M. Roth4.Literature and V alues: The American Crusoe and the Idea of the West 177by Richard Lehan5.Entertainment and the Mass Media 190by Norman Corwin6.Sports and American Culture 207by Richard G. Powers41.The author of the introduction is .[A]Neil Harris [B]Luther S. Luedtke[C]Raymond D. Gastil [D]Richard G. Powers42.If you are interested in the relationship between sports and the American cult are you should refer to pages .[A]207-220 [B]53-164[C]35-152 [D]165-17643.In the essay written by Norman Corwin, you probably will find information about American .[A]literature [B]geography[C]newspapers [D]landscapesPassage 2The effort to develop gene (基因) transplants as a treatment for hereditary (遗传的) diseases has taken another step forward.An American team has developed a highly efficient technique to carry out gene transplants in mice. Eventually, scientists hope to be able to use the technique in man to replace the defective genes responsible for diseases such as hemophilia and cystic fibrosis.The latest feat in the drive towards performing a gene transplant on man was reported by doctors Suzanne Mansour, Kirk Thomas and Mario Capecchi of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Salt Lake City.“It is a breakthrough, producing a new approach to doing gene therapy,”said Dr Capecchi.Previous attempts at inserting new genes into the chromosome, the bady's genetic blueprint, have had only limited success.A British team has found a way to persuade a transplanted gene to work by the discovery of specialgenetic material that “switches on”the gene, wherever it is inserted in a cell's genetic material.But a misplaced gene may affect the operation of other genes, disrupting the operation of the cell and leading to cancer in rare cases.Now the Utah team has developed a procedure in which the cell self-destructs if a new gene is not properly inserted. Their transplant gene contains a toxic component that produces poison in the cell if the gene is misplaced.The gene transplant was successful for one in 20 cells. Thousands of cells had to be screened when other methods were carried out, said Dr Thomas.The transplants were carried out on mouse embryo (胚胎) stem cells, the progenitors (祖先) of a number of cells in mice.They can be used to identify the function of genes and create mice with human genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis to help research into cures.44.American scientists are now able to .[A]carry out gene transplants in man[B]carry out gene transplants in mice[C]replace the defective genes of man[D]cure the diseases such as hemophilia and cystic fibrosis45.The British team has found a way to transplant genes too. But it is not as good as the American way because .[A]the British team discovered the special genetic material[B]the British team discovered a way to persuade a transplanted gene to work[C]a misplaced gene may affect the operation of other genes[D]the British way is sure to lead to cancer46.The Utah team refers to .[A]the British team [B]the American team[C]Salt Lake City [D]something not mentioned47.The transplants were carried out to mouse embryo stem cells because they can be used to .[A]distinguish between mice and human beings[B]create human genetic disorders[C]identify cystic fibrosis[D]help researchPassage 3The 45 students in the first homeroom class of the ninth grade were all seated at their desks when the opening notes of the Brahms symphony roared from the loudspeaker at precisely 8∶30 a.m. Soon the violins faded, and a slow, synthesized pulse spread across the room, numbing the mindwith its smooth, hypnotic gait. The room was cold and slightly dank (潮湿的). No sun shone through the plate glass windows overlooking the balcony. The clouds, like the students, were still.In a moment, a soothing, resonant voice began to speak.“Good morning, boys and girls. Let's begin another wonderful day. Please close your eyes…”For ten minutes every morning the students at Sano Junior High sat in quiet meditation to prepare themselves for the day ahead. The principal, Sakamoto Sensei, had introduced this system, known as Method Training, several years earlier in order to quell the growing incidence of school “violence,”mainly minor scuffles and hair violations. The program consisted of a sequence of 25 tapes for total mental and physical conditioning. Each day a different tape was played…After ten minutes the music dissolved, the voice disappeared, and Mrs. Negishi-standing erect before the class-took control of the homeroom meeting.“Stand up,”she commanded, and the students rose to their feet.“Attention,”she said, and they dropped their arms to their thighs.“Bow.”It was 8∶42 in the morning.People who are born and grow up in different cultures act and think very differently from one another. Bruce Feiler, an American who taught school in Japan, was struck by the ways in which Japanese schools socialized their students to become adult members of Japanese society. Deep respect for authority, long hours of focused learning, appropriate modes of dress, even proper ways to bow-all of these were central aspects of Japanese education that would be virtually unthinkable in most American schools today. Japanese educational practices, in turn, reflect widely shared norms and values that are found in Japanese families, workplaces, and indeed throughout Japanese culture.48.The quiet meditation usually lasts for .[A]10minutes [B]15minutes[C]30minutes [D]42minutes49.The music used for total mental and physical conditioning is .[A]the same every day [B]out of date[C]different every day [D]popular among young people50.The main idea of the last paragraph is that .[A]Japanese educational practices reflect widely stared norms and values found throughout Japanese culture[B]the writer was struck by the ways in which Japanese schools socialized their students[C]people from different cultures act and think differently from one another[D]central aspects of Japanese education would be virtually unthinkable in most American。
英语阅读创新试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
A New Way to TravelWith the rapid development of technology, a new way of travel has been introduced to the public. This new mode of transportation is called the Hyperloop, which is a high-speed train that travels in a vacuum tube. The concept was first proposed by Elon Musk, the CEO of Tesla and SpaceX. The Hyperloop can travel at speeds of up to 700 miles per hour, which is faster than any traditional train or even some airplanes.1. What is the new mode of transportation mentioned in the passage?a) A traditional trainb) An airplanec) The Hyperloopd) A vacuum cleaner2. Who first proposed the concept of the Hyperloop?a) A scientistb) Elon Muskc) A pilotd) A vacuum engineer3. What is the maximum speed of the Hyperloop?a) 700 miles per hourb) 300 miles per hourc) 500 miles per hourd) 600 miles per hour4. What is special about the Hyperloop compared totraditional trains?a) It is slowerb) It is fasterc) It is cheaperd) It is more environmentally friendly二、完形填空（共15分，每题3分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the choices given.The Internet has changed the way we live our lives. Nowadays, we can do almost everything online, from shopping to learning. However, with the convenience comes a new set of challenges. One of the biggest challenges is the issue of privacy. Personal information can be easily __5__ online, and this can lead to serious problems.5. a) lostb) foundc) stolend) shared6. The correct answer is c) stolen, as the passage discussesthe ease with which personal information can be taken without permission in the online environment.7. Despite these challenges, many people still prefer to use the Internet because of its __6__.6. a) costb) speedc) securityd) complexity8. The correct answer is b) speed, as the passage impliesthat the Internet offers a quick way to perform various tasks.9. To protect our privacy, we should be __7__ about the information we share online.7. a) carefulb) excitedc) indifferentd) curious10. The correct answer is a) careful, as the passage suggests the need for caution when sharing information online to safeguard privacy.三、翻译（共15分，每题5分）Translate the following sentences into English.11. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便利。
英语阅读一试题及答案题目一阅读下列短文，并根据文章内容回答问题。
Many people believe that animals don't have feelings, they are just instinctive creatures with no emotions or thoughts. However, recent studies have shown that animals are indeed capable of experiencing a range of emotions.Animals such as dogs and cats are known to exhibit emotions such as happiness, sadness, fear, and anger. For example, a dog wagging its tail and jumping around when its owner returns home clearly indicates happiness. Similarly, a cat hissing and arching its back when it feels threatened demonstrates fear and anger.Moreover, studies have shown that animals, especially social animals like dolphins and elephants, can form strong emotional bonds with their companions. These bonds are often similar to human friendships, where individuals display loyalty, trust, and empathy towards each other.In addition to experiencing emotions, animals also display cognitive abilities. Researchers have observed animals using problem-solving skills, memory, and decision-making in various situations. For instance, chimpanzees have been taught sign language and have demonstrated the ability to communicate and express their thoughts.Overall, it is evident that animals are not just mindless beings driven solely by instincts. They possess emotions and cognitive abilities, which highlight their complex and sentient nature.Questions:1. What emotions can dogs and cats exhibit?2. Which animals are known to form strong emotional bonds?3. What cognitive abilities have researchers observed in animals?答案:1. Dogs and cats can exhibit emotions such as happiness, sadness, fear, and anger.2. Social animals like dolphins and elephants are known to form strong emotional bonds.3. Researchers have observed animals using problem-solving skills, memory, and decision-making abilities.题目二阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
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4juan.rar2007年4月国际私法试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guojisifa/4juan.rar2007年4月国际贸易试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guojimaoyi/4juan.rar 2007年4月国际经济学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guojijingjixue/4juan.rar 2007年4月国际经济法概论试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guojijingjifagailun/4juan.r ar2007年4月国际法试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guojifa/4juan.rar2007年4月管理学原理试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guanlixueyuanli/4juan.rar 2007年4月管理系统中计算机应用试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guanlixitongzhongjisuanji yingyong/4juan.rar2007年4月管理会计（一）试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/guanlihuijiyi/4juan.rar 2007年4月公证与律师制度试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/gongzhengyulvshizhidu/ 4juan.rar2007年4月公共政策试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/gonggongzhengce/4juan .rar2007年4月公安秘书学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/gonganmishuxue/4juan.r ar2007年4月公安决策学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/gonganjuecexue/4juan.r ar2007年4月高等数学基础试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian4yue/gaodengshuxuejichu/4ju 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guanlei/4juan.rar2007年10月法律基础与思想道德修养试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian10yue/falvjichuyusixiangdaode /4juan.rar2007年10月大学语文试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian10yue/daxueyuwen/4juan.rar 2007年10月财务管理学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2007nian10yue/caiwuguanlixue/4juan.r ar2006年4月组织与管理概论试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zuzhiyuguanligailun/4jua n.rar2006年4月组织行为学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zuzhixingweixue/4juan.ra r2006年4月资产评估试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zichanpinggu/4juan.rar 2006年4月中国现代文学史试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zhongguoxiandaiwenxue shi/4juan.rar2006年4月中国税制试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zhongguoshuizhi/4juan.r ar2006年4月中国秘书史试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zhongguomishushi/4juan .rar2006年4月中国古代文学作品选（一）试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zhongguogudaiwenxuez uopinxuanyi/4juan.rar2006年4月中国法律思想史试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zhongguofalvsixiangshi/4 juan.rar2006年4月知识产权法试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/zhishichanquanfa/4juan.r ar2006年4月运筹学基础试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/yunchouxuejichu/4juan.r ar2006年4月预审学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/yushenxue/4juan.rar 2006年4月英语语法试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/yingyuyufa/4juan.rar 2006年4月银行信贷管理学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/yinxingxindaiguanlixue/4j uan.rar2006年4月学前心理学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xueqianxinlixue/4juan.rar 2006年4月学前卫生学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xueqianweishengxue/4ju an.rar2006年4月学前教育原理试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xueqianjiaoyuyuanli/4jua n.rar2006年4月学前教育学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xueqianjiaoyuxue/4juan.r ar2006年4月刑事证据学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xingshizhengjuxue/4juan .rar2006年4月刑法原理与实务（一）试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xingfayuanliyushiwuyi/4j uan.rar2006年4月刑法学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xingfaxue/4juan.rar 2006年4月信息资源管理试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xinxiziyuanguanli/4juan.r ar2006年4月新闻学概论试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xinwenxuegailun/4juan.r ar2006年4月新闻评论写作试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xinwenpinglunxiezuo/4ju an.rar2006年4月心理咨询与辅导试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xinlizixunyufudao/4juan.r ar2006年4月心理学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xinlixue/4juan.rar2006年4月消费经济学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xiaofeijingjixue/4juan.rar 2006年4月宪法学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xianfaxue/4juan.rar 2006年4月线性代数试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xianxingdaishu/4juan.rar 2006年4月现代汉语试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xiandaihanyu/4juan.rar 2006年4月现代汉语基础试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xiandaihanyujichu/4juan. rar2006年4月现代管理学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xiandaiguanlixue/4juan.r ar2006年4月西方经济学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xifangjingjixue/4juan.rar 2006年4月西方法律思想史试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/xifangfalvsixiangshi/4jua n.rar2006年4月物理（工）试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/wuligong/4juan.rar2006年4月文书学试题及答案/zikaoshitijidaan/2006nian4yue/wenshuxue/4juan.rar 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初二英语阅读表达试题答案及解析1. In 1896, the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece. From then on, many countries successfully held the Olympics, such as England, Germany, the U.S.A., Spain and Australia. After more than a hundred years, the Games returned to his hometown in the year of 2004.When a country hosted the Olympic Games, they always made an emblem(会徽). The emblem of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games was a white circle of olive branches(橄榄枝) in the sky.In 2008, Beijing hosted the Olympics. Its emblem is “Jing”. It means the capital of China and it is also like a runner or dancer. The running figure(人物)of the emblem shows the spirit(精神)of the Olympics:Faster,higher and stronger.【1】The first modern Olympic Games were held in _________, Greece.【答案】Athens【解析】细节理解题。
根据In 1896, the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece可知，填Athens。
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II）英语第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：ha veA. gaveB. sav eC. ha tD. mad e答案是C.1.co urse A. journey B. fou r C. l abour D. hour2.match A. separat e B. ma rry C.machine D. many3. rise A. purse B. else C. prai se D. m ouse4. ba the A. faith B. cloth C. maths D. smoot h5. Brita in A.certain B. train C. agains t D. con tain第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
6.—Do you k now Anna's telephone number?—_________. As amatter offact, I do n't know a ny Anna, e ither. A. I thi nk so B.I'm afraid notC. l hopeso D. I'd rather no t7. A sma ll car isbig enough for a fam ily of thr ee ________ you nee d more spa ce for bag gage. A. once B. bec ause C. i f D. unless8. It's not_________good ideato drive f or four ho urs withou t _________ break. A. a;a B. the;a C. the; th e D. a; the9.—What a re you rea ding, Tom?—I'm no t really r eading, ju st _________ the pag es.A. turningoff B. turningaround C. turningover D. turningup 10.—Co uld I askyou a rath er persona l question ?—Sur e, .A. pardon m e B. go ahead C.good idea D. forge t it11.If the wea ther had b een better , we coul d have had a picnic. But it al lday . A. rain ed B. rains C. hasrained D. is raini ng12. Th e director had her a ssistant s ome hot do gs for the meeting .A. p icked up B. pick s upC.pick up D. picki ng up13. Stand ove r there you‘ll be abl e to see t he oil pai nting bett er .A. but B. t ill C. and D. or14. If t heir marke ting plans succeed , they the ir sales b y 20 perce nt .A. will in crease B. have bee n increasi ng C. hav e increase d D. wo uld be inc reasing15. Modem e quipment a nd no smok ing are tw o of the t hings I li ke _______ working h ere.A. with B.over C. at D. about16. The road condition s there tu rned out t o be verygood, ______ was mor e than wecould expe ct.A. it B.what C. which D. that17. Liza wel l not want to go onthe trip –she hatestraveling.A.will B. can C. mustD. ma y18. Lit tle Johnny felt thebag, curio us to know what it_________. A. col lected B. con tained C. l oaded D. saved19. The house still nee ded a lotof work, b ut __________ the ki tchen wasfinished.A. in stead B. alto gether C. at on ce D. at leas t20. It w as in NewZealand __________ E lizabeth f irst met M r. Smith.A. th at B. howC. whi ch D. w hen第三节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man win in his dream?A. A holiday.B. A new car.C. Some money.2. Will the woman come to the party?A. Maybe.B. NoC. Certainly3. How long has the woman been an author?A. About 30 years.B. About 40 years.C. About 70 years.4. What does the woman want?A. A radio.B. Some pens.C. Some batteries.5. What is the woman doing?A. Asking for information.B. Asking for an apology.C. Asking for help.第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话或独白前后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
6. How many coats does the woman want?A. 25.B. 30.C. 50.7. What is the order number for gloves?A. P25G5.B. P26T5.C. P28D5.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2024年2024全国乙卷高考英语试题及答案一、听力（30分）【听力材料】（本部分共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）1. A: What's the matter with you, Tom?B: I have a headache.2. A: Would you like some coffee?B: Yes, please.3. A: When will the train leave?B: It will leave at 8:30 p.m.4. A: Where is your sister?B: She is in her room.5. A: How much is the book?B: It's 50 yuan.【听力答案】1-5: DBACB二、单项选择（15分）【题目】6. — I think the plan is wonderful.— __________.A. So do IB. So you doC. Neither do ID. Neither you do7. — Do you know the girl over there?— Yes, she is the one _______ I met yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. what8. — I'm sorry for being late.— __________.A. It doesn't matterB. You're welcomeC. No problemD. That's all right9. The teacher asked us _______ we had finished our homework.A. ifB. whetherC. thatD. which10. He is not only talented in music, but also _______ in painting.A. goodB. wellC. excellentD. better【答案】6-10: ACDAA三、完形填空（15分）【题目】I was born in a small village. My family was very poor, but my parents always 11 me that money wasn't the most important thing in life. They taught me to be kind, honest, and hardworking.When I was young, I 12 a part-time job at a local supermarket to help my family. I worked there for several years, and I learned a lot about 13 and responsibility. My manager was very strict, but he also taught me how to be a good employee.After finishing high school, I decided to go to college. My parents didn't have enough money to send me, so I 14 a scholarship. It was not easy, but I worked hard and 15 it.【答案】11. A. told12. B. found13. A. discipline14. B. applied for15. A. won四、阅读理解（40分）【题目】Passage 1The Internet has changed our lives in many ways. It has made communication easier, provided access to a vast amount of information, and created new opportunities for business and education. However, it has also brought some challenges.One of the biggest challenges is the issueof online privacy. With the increasing amount of personal information being shared online, there is a growing concern about how this data is being used and protected. Many people are worried about identity theft and other cybercrimes.Another challenge is the impact of social media on mental health. The constant exposure to perfect lives and unrealistic expectations canlead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. This can be particularly harmful to young people, who are more vulnerable to the pressures of social media.Despite these challenges, the Internet remains a powerful tool for connecting people and sharing information. It is up to us to use it responsibly and protect ourselves from its potential dangers.【问题】16. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A. The Internet has changed our lives in many ways.B. The Internet has made communication easier.C. The Internet has provided access to a vast amount of information.D. The Internet has created new opportunities for business and education.16. APassage 2Climate change is one of the biggest challenges facing our planet today. The increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are causing the Earth's temperature to rise, leading to more extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and the loss of biodiversity.To address this issue, we need to reduce our carbon footprint and transition to renewable energy sources. This can be achieved through individual actions, such as reducing energy consumption and using public transportation, as well as through collective efforts, such as government policies and international agreements.It is important for young people to take an active role in addressing climate change. They have the power to influence their peers, parents, and policymakers, and to demand action on this critical issue.17. What is the main cause of climate change?A. The increasing levels of carbondioxide and other greenhouse gases.B. The rising sea levels.C. The loss of biodiversity.D. Extreme weather events.【答案】17. A【注】：由于篇幅限制，这里只提供了两篇阅读理解文章和两个问题。
历届高考英语试题及答案一、听力部分（略）二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）A根据题目信息，以下是某年高考英语阅读理解A部分的样题及答案：Passage 1The Internet is a great place to find information about almost anything. However, it can also be a source of misinformation. Here are some tips to help you evaluate the credibility of a website.21. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The Internet is a source of misinformation.B. It is easy to find information on the Internet.C. The Internet is a great place for information.D. Tips for evaluating website credibility.22. What should you do to find credible information online?A. Look for websites with .com domains.B. Check the website's date of publication.C. Avoid websites with advertisements.D. Only use websites recommended by friends.根据题目信息，答案为：21. D 22. BB以下是阅读理解B部分的样题及答案：Passage 2The history of the bicycle dates back to the early 1800s. Over the years, bicycles have evolved from simple wooden contraptions to the modern, high-tech machines we know today.23. What is the passage mainly about?A. The history of bicycles.B. The evolution of bicycles.C. The invention of the bicycle.D. The modern bicycle industry.24. What can we infer from the passage?A. Bicycles were invented in the 1800s.B. Bicycles have not changed much over time.C. Bicycles are still made of wood today.D. Bicycles are becoming less popular.根据题目信息，答案为：23. B 24. A三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）以下是完形填空的样题及答案：In ancient times, people used to believe that the Earth was flat. However, as time went on, they discovered that the Earth was round. This realization changed the way peoplethought about the world.31. A. ancient B. modern C. medieval D. primitive32. A. believed B. knew C. understood D. realized33. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Moreover34. A. discovered B. invented C. imagined D. predicted35. A. changed B. confirmed C. questioned D. ignored根据题目信息，答案为：31. A 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. A四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）以下是语法填空的样题及答案：The Internet has made it easier for people to communicate with each other. (36) _______, it has also made it easier for them to share information.36. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Although37. The correct form of the word in the blank is "Besides," which means "in addition to." So the answer is A.38. (The blank is filled with the correct form of the verb "to be" based on the context.)根据题目信息，答案为：36. A 38. are五、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）以下是短文改错的样题及答案：One day, I went to the library to borrow a book. I found a book which was very interesting. I decided to borrow it. But the librarian told me that the book was already out. I was very disappointed.错误1: "which" 改为 "that"错误2: "out" 改为 "checked out"六、书面表达（满分25分）以下是书面表达的样题及答案：假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom对中国的春节非常感兴趣。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语姓名________________ 准考证号________________全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意：1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is Kate doing?A. Boarding a flight.B. Arranging a trip.C. Seeing a friend off.【2. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers talking about?A. A pop star.B. An old song.C. A radio program.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the speakers do today?A. Go to an art show.B. Meet the man's aunt.C. Eat out with Mark.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man want to do?A. Cancel an order.B. Ask for a receipt.C. Reschedule a delivery.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the next train to Bedford leave?A. At 9:45.B. At 10:15.C. At 11:00.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2008年6月大学英语四级考试A卷真题一.写作部分(9：00-9：30)Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Apology according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。
二.快速阅读(9：30-9：45)Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance.is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Newspaper?After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer. more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours,meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and ihe Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than thelocal stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising. Also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they.Can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters. postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers.For many businesses.direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that_____________.A) it has large audiences B) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputation D) it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreased B) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreased D) the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium_________________.A) earn a larger annual ad revenue B) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniques D) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.A) more local radio stations have been set up B) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumers D) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.A) reach target audiences B) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) appeal to educated people.D) convey all kinds of messages6.Oui-of-home advertising has become more effective because_______A) billboards can be replaced within two hours B) consumers travel more now ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractive D) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are___________.A) quick to update B) pleasant to look at C) easy to remember D) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be_____________9.Direct mail is an effecitive form of advertising for businesses to develop_________________________10.This passage discusses how advertisers select________________for advertisements.注意：收答题卡一作文和快速阅读部分(9：45-10：00)三.听力部分(10：00-10：35)Section A11. A) Give his ankle a good rest. B) Treat his injury immediately.C) Continue his regular activities.D) Be careful when climbing steps.12. A) On a train. B) On a plane. C) In a theater. D) In a restaurant.13. A) A tragic accident. B) A fad occasion C) Smith's unusual life story.D) Smith's sleeping problem.14. A) Review the details of all her lessons. B) Compare notes with his classmates.C)Talk with her about his learning problems. D) Focus on the main points of her lectures.15. A) The man blamed the woman for being careless.B)The man misunderstood the woman's apology.C) The woman offered to pay for the man's coffee. D)The woman spilt coffee on the man's jacket.16. A) Extremely tedious.B) Hard to understand.C) Lacking a goot plot.D) Not worth seeing twice.17. A) Attending every lecture.B) Doing losts of homework.C) Reading very extensively. D) Using test-taking strategies.18. A)The digital TV system will offer different programs.B)He is eager to see what the new system is like.C)He thinks it unrealistic to have 500 channels. D)The new TV system may not provide anything better. Question 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.a)a notice by the electricity board.b)ads promoting electric appliances.c)the description of a thief in disguise.d)a new policy on pensioners'welfare.20.a)speaking with a proper accent.b)wearing an official uniform.c)making friends with them d)showing them his ID.21.a)to be on the alert when being followed.b)not to leave senior citizens alone at home.c)not to let anyone in without an appointment.d)to watch out for those from the electricity board.22.a)she was robbed near the parking lot.b)all her money in the bank disappeared.c)the pension she had just drawn was stolen.d)she was knocked down in the post office.Question 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.a)marketing consultancy. b)Professional accountancy.c)luxury hotel management.d)business conference organization24.a)having a good knowledge of its customs. b)knowing some key people in tourism.c)having been to the country before. d)being able to speak japanese.25.a)it will bring her potential into full play. b)it will involve lots of train travel.c)it will enable her to improve her chinese.d)it will give her more chances to visit japan.Section BPassage OneQuestion 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.a) The lack of time. b) The quality of life. c) The frustrations at work.d) The pressure on working families.27.a)They were just as busy as people of today.b)They saw the importance of collective efforts.c)They didn't complain as much as modern man.d)They lived a hard life by hunting and gathering.28.a)To look for creative ideas of awarding employees.b)To explore strategies for lowering production costs.c)To seek new approaches to dealing with complaints.d)To find effective ways to give employees flexibility.Passage TwoQuestion 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.a)family violence.b)his children's efforts.c)her father's disloyalty.d)his second wife's positive influence.30.a)his advanced age. b)his children's efforts.c) his improved financial condition.d)his second wife's positive influence.31.a)love is blind.b)love breeds love.c)divorce often has disastrous consequences.d)happiness is hard to find in blended families.Passage ThreeQuestion 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.a) it was located in a park b) its owner died of a heart attackc) it went bankrupt all of sudden. d) its potted plants were for lease only.33.a)planting some trees in the greenhouse b)writing a want ad to a local newspaperc)putting up a going out of business sign d)helping a customer select some purchases34.a)opening an offive in the new office park b)keeping better relations with her companyc)developing fresh business opportunities d)building a big greenhouse of his own35.a)owning the greenhouse one day b)securing a job at the office parkc)cultivating more potted plants. d)finding customers out of townSection C注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读（一）试题课程代码：00595请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上1.CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and write your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one’s mistakes .It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that,” and it is even harder to say,“ I was wrong, and you were right about that.”I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident took place. There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I went to work.The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I were the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for the broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.1．How old was the author when he wrote this article?1A. About 8.B. About 15.C. About 18.D. About 23.2．The stacks of cartons were actually knocked off by______________.A. the authorB. the managerC. a woman customerD. the author’s mother3．When the manager came, the author was__________________.A. inspecting the eggsB. putting the cartons backC. paying for the broken eggsD. pushing the cart for the woman4．The word “culprit”(Para.4)may be replaced by_______________.A. foolB. clownC. thiefD. wrongdoer5．The author’s attitude towards admitting one’s mistakes is basically_____________.A. ironicB. criticalC. indifferentD. appreciativePassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic(长久的) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent.Professionals seek career experience outside their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. They may want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a résumé or curriculum vitae (CV) .The two terms generally mean the same thing: a one-or two-page document describing one’s educational qualifications and professional experience. However, guidelines for preparing a résumé are constantly changing. The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. The challenge will be to embrace(包含)two or more cultures in one document. The following list is a good place to start:●Educational requirements differ from country to country. In almost every case of “cross-border” job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not be an adequate description.2Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.●Pay attention to the résumé format you use—chronological or reverse-chronological order. Chronological order means listing your “oldest”work experience first. Reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries have preferences about which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse-chronological format.●If you are submitting your résumé in English ,find out if the recipient（收件人）uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions. For example, university education is often referred to as “tertiary education ” in the United Kingdom, but this term is rarely used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your contains errors.6．Companies are searching for talent outside their home countries because________.A. they need to expand their business globallyB. they have difficulty hiring employees at homeC. they can benefit from international professionalsD. foreign employees are more capable than those at home7．According to the passage, professionals looking for international careers________.A．are usually creative and have the initiativeB．are no longer satisfied with their own life at homeC．aim to improve their foreign language skillsD．aim at opportunities for themselves and their children8．When it comes to résumé writing, it is advisable to________.A．take cultural factors into considerationB．learn about the company’s hiring processC．follow appropriate guidelines for job huntingD．find out the employer’s personal likes and dislikes9．When writing about qualifications in the résumé, job applicants are advised to________. A．emphasize their academic potential to impress the decision makerB．start with the title of the degree they have obtained at homeC．provide a detailed description of their studies and work experiences3D．show intense interest in pursuing international careers10．According to the author’s last piece of advice, job applicants should be aware of __________.A．the different educational systems in the US and the UKB．the differences between American English and British EnglishC．the recipient’s preference with regard to résumé formatD．the distinctive features of American and British culturesPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.On a January day in 1975, Ken and Catalina Brugger wandered through an ancient forest in Mexico on a high mountain slope eighty miles west of Mexico City .The air was damp and cool. The sky was cloudy, so little light reached through the trees. As the Bruggers walked along, they realized they were hearing a quiet, constant noise. It was like rain falling on the fir tress. But there was no rain. They looked around for the source of the sound. Suddenly, sunlight broke through the clouds and lit up the forest. The Bruggers gasped in delight. All around them, the trees shimmered with the beating of brilliant orange and black wings. The Bruggers were surrounded by millions of monarch butterflies, resting in their winter home.The Brugger’s discovery was important in the world of butterfly study. Butterfly lovers knew that, late every summer, monarchs migrate from Canada into Mexico. More than 300 million of the fragile creatures make the 2,500-mile flight. But no one knew what became of the butterflies once they reached Mexico. Within the next few years, twelve more monarch roosts were discovered. They were all along the same mountain range where the Bruggers had made their find. Now the mystery was solved.The monarch’s stay in Mexico is just one part of an amazing life cycle. Every spring, in Mexico, female monarchs lay enormous numbers of eggs. One female may lay more than four hundred a month. She attaches her eggs to milkweed plants. The milkweed provides a perfect first home for the young monarchs .Because milkweed is poisonous to most creatures, birds and other butterfly enemies avoid it. But monarchs love milkweed. The eggs hatch in three to twelve days, and out come worm-like larve（幼虫）which feed on the milkplant. The poison does not hurt them. But it does have an important effect. It makes the monarch as poisonous the plant was. A bird that4eats a monarch will become very sick—and never eat another one.After living for two weeks as larvae, the monarchs attach themselves to leaves. Then they spin cocoons(茧).After a week, the cocoons open and the butterflies emerge, soon to begin their 2,500-mile flight northwards. Many of them die as they pass through such southern states as Texas and Louisiana. But first they lay more eggs. After a few weeks, a new generation of monarchs is ready to continue the journey. They—or their children or grandchildren—will reach Canada, where they spend the summer.11．The Bruggers did not know where the quiet, constant noise came from because it was _______.A．raining B．cloudy C．too bright D．windy 12．By the time the article was written, people had discovered______________.A．1 monarch roost B．12 monarch roostsC．13 monarch roosts D．400 monarch roosts13．Before the Brugger’s discovery, people did not know_____________________.A．how monarch butterflies lived in CanadaB．when monarch butterflies left CanadaC．what happened to monarch butterflies in MexicoD．where monarch butterflies in Mexico came from14．The monarch butterflies make their winter home in ___________________.A．Canada B．MexicoC．the U.S. D．Texas or Louisiana15．The article provides information about monarchs’__________________.A．migration, food and size B．food, size and number C．migration, food and number D．migration, number and sizePassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.The Yanomami are a people living in villages between 40 and 250 people in the Venezuelan rain forest. Since the 1960s, Napoleon Chagnon has studied several Yanomami villages, written a widely-read book called The Fierce People about the Yanomami and helped to produce several films about them.5Chagnon’s writings and films have promoted a long-standing view of the Yanomami as exceptionally violent and war-loving. According to Chagnon, about one third of adult Yanomami males die violently, about two thirds of all adults had lost at least one close relative through violence, and over 50 percent had lost two or more close relatives. He has reported that one village was raided 25 times during his first 15 months there.Chagnon provides a sociobiological explanation for the fierceness of the Yanomami. He explains that village raids and warfare are carried to obtain wives. Although the Yanomami prefer to marry within their village, there is a shortage of potential brides because the Yanomami practice the killing of female infants, which creates a scarcity of women. While the Yanomami prefer to marry within their own group, taking a wife from another group is preferable to remaining a bachelor. Men in other groups, however, are unwilling to give up their women; hence the necessity for raids. Chagnon also argues that, as successful warriors will be able to gain a wife or more than one wife, they often have more children than unsuccessful ones. Successful warriors, Chagnon suggests, carry a genetic advantage for fierceness, which they pass on to their sons, leading to a high growth rate of groups with violent males through genetic selection for fierceness. Male fierceness, in this view, is biologically determined.Marvin Harris, who has a cultural materialist perspective, says that food scarcity and population in the area are the underlying causes of warfare. The Yanomami lack plentiful sources of meat, which is highly valued. Harris suggests that when hunting in an area was exhausted, the Yanomami would venture into territories of neighboring groups, thus giving rise to conflicts. Such conflicts in turn resulted in high rate of adult male deaths. Combined with the effects of female infant killing, this meat-warfare complex kept population growth rate down to a level that the environment could support.In contrast, Patrick Tierney, a journalist, points the finger of blame to a large extent at Chagnon himself. Tierney presents evidence that it was the presence of Chagnon and his team of co-researchers and many boxes of trade goods that triggered a series of deadly raids, for the Yanomami competed with other groups for his trade goods. In addition, Tierney argues that Chagnon intentionally prompted the Yanomami to act fiercely for his films and to stage raids that actually led to bad feelings where they had not existed before.16．The first sentence in the second paragraph implies that_________________.6A．the Yanomami are fierce by natureB．the Yanomami are historically a fierce peopleC．Chagnon influenced people’s view of the YanomamiD．Chagnon was the discoverer of the Yanomami fierceness17．According to Chagnon’s explanation, the fierceness of the Yanomami originates from_______. A．the lack of men B．the shortage of womenC．the desire to marry out D．the fear of marrying within 18．Chagnon’s explanation of the Yanomami suggests that individual personality is_________. A．inborn B．learnedC．reshaped D．acquired19．Marvin Harris explains the fierceness of the Yanomami in terms of ___________. A．biology B．raceC．history D．environment20．In contrast to other researchers, Patrick Tierney interprets issues concerning the Yanomami as the result of their___________.A．native culture B．primitive societyC．modern researchers D．primitive enemiesⅡ. SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and write your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point each)Passage 5Questions 21-24 are based on the following passage.English is a vacuum cleaner language; it is able and willing to adopt any words it finds useful.Places, peoples, tongues from around the world all have become part of the English vocabulary. They give it flexibility and provide a certain sense of familiarity for people who speak it as a second or foreign language.According to the Oxford English Dictionary, English contains worlds from more than 350 living languages.7“English is a free market,”says Allan Metacalf, author of The World in So Many Words. “Guardians of other languages tend to become alarmed when they notice foreign words creeping in . They say ,‘That’s a terrible thing; keep them out.’But English is multicultural.”Linguistic historians believe that English began to absorb other languages on a large scale in 1066. That was the year when King William, a Norman from what is now France, conquered England. That meant English speakers were ruled by French speakers. The English language had to make some changes.During the Renaissance, words flowed into English form Latin and Greek. The Age of Exploration introduced new terms from all corners of the world.And America changed everything. America began as an English-speaking land but its language has been and is still shaped by generations of immigrants. Each new group brings new ideas and new expressions. Irish, Italians, Germans, Eastern Europeans, Latinos, Africans, Asians —all change English in some degree.Mass culture makes adoptions easier. Today, words like kungfu and chow are no longer odd Chinese words; they have gone mainstream.Then there are words invented or given new meanings when English needs them. Some words like e-mail , blurb and fax enter the mainstream. Others like laser begin life as acronyms(首字母缩略)for things that otherwise would be too difficult to say in everyday conversation.Of course, language cannot be separated from culture, and importation depends on the situation. It also depends on whether the word remains useful.Linguists predict that foreign words will flow into English even faster as more non-native speakers reach global leadership positions. The pace will increase, but it still will be English, which always is ready to accept new words. This is because English is a practical language with a long tradition of borrowing.21．The best title for the passage would be__________.A．Borrowed Words in English B．History of English Words C．Mass Culture and Adoptions D．Word Inventions and Adoptions 22．King William was___________________.A．Italian B．French8C．Norman D．Greek23．The word borrowed from Chinese is __________________.A．chow B．e-mailC．fax D．laser24．According to linguists, the borrowing of foreign words will____________.A．stop B．continueC．speed up D．slow downPassage 6Questions 25-27 are based on the following passage.Suggested Readings:Anne Allison, Nightwork: Sexuality, Pleasure and Corporate Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess Club.Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1994. Based on the author’s participant observation, this book explores what it is like to work as a hostess in a club that caters to corporate male employees and discusses how that microculture is linked to men’s corpoerate work culture.Fraces Dahlber, ed. Woman the Gatherer. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981. These path-breaking essays examine the role of women in four different foraging societies, provide insights on human evolution from studies of female chimpanzees, and give an overview of women’s role in human cultural adaptation.Elliot Fratkin, Ariaal Pastoralists of Kenya: Surviving Drought and Development in Africa’s Arid Lands. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1988. Based on several phases of ethnographic research among the Ariaal beginning in the 1970s, this book provides insights about pastoralism in general and the particular cultural strategies of the Ariaal, including attention to social oragaization and family life.David Uru Iyam, The Broken Hoe: cultural Reconfiguration in Biase Southeast Nigeria. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1995. Based on fieldwork among the Biase people by a scholar who is a member of a Biase group, this book examines changes since the 1970 in the traditional forms of subsistence—agriculture, fishing, and trade—and related issues such as environmental deterioration and population growth.Katherine S. Newman, Falling from Grace: The Experience of Downward Mobility in the9American Middle Class.New York: The Free Press, 1988. This book providesethnographic research on the downwardly mobile of New Jersey as a “special tribe,”with attention to loss of employment by corporate managers and blue-collar workers,and the effects of downward mobility on middle-class family life, particularly women. Richard H. Robbins, Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism. Boston: Longman, 1999.Robins takes a critical look at the role of capitalism and global economic growth increating and sustaining many world problems such as poverty, disease, hunger, violence,and environmental destruction. The last section includes extended case studies tosupport the argument.Deborah Sick , Farmers of the Golden Bean: Costa Rican Households and the Global Coffee Economy. Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1999. This book is anethnography of coffee-producing households in Costa Rica that describes the difficultiesfacing coffee farmers due to unpredictable global forces and the uncertain role of thestate as a mediator between the global and the local.25．Among the books on the list, the number of those published in the 1990s is _____________. A．2 B．3 C．4 D．526．The two books published by the University Press of Chicago were written or edited by__________.A．Anne Allison and David Uru IyamB．David Uru Iyam and Deborah SickC．Anne Allison and Katherine S. NewmanD．Richard H. Robbins and David Uru Iyam27．The book that contains coffee farmers was published in ____________.A．1988 B．1994 C．1995 D．1999Passage 7Questions 28-30 are based on the following passage.Following World War II, the oil boom contributed to major economic changes in the Middle East especially the Gulf states. This unprecedented prosperity has been used to provide many social benefits, such as subsidized health, housing and education. In Kuwait, a major division in the distribution of the benefits of this wealth is between citizens and non-citizens. Foreign10migrants are the majority of the population: In 1989, the population composition was 650,000 Kuwaitis, 1.3million migrant workers, and about 250,000 bedu (former or current pastoral nomads.) Foreign migrants do not have citizenship.Some state benefits are distributed to everyone living in Kuwait, including health care, subsidized water, electricity and gasoline. Kuwaiti citizens receive additional benefits and pay no income taxes. Citizens receive free education and practically free housing. They are guaranteed a job in the government sector if they want one, and they are entitled to several state financial supports: living allowances, bride-wealth grants for first marriages, and subsidies for wedding celebrations. Foreigners are subject to residence and labor laws that prevent them from settling permanently in Kuwait. They cannot own real estate or other permanent assets and they cannot join trade unions.28．In 1989, most people in Kuwait were ____________,A．Kuwaitis B．beduC．migrant workers D．pastoral nomads 29．Foreigners are not entitled to social benefits such as_______________.A．gasoline B．free educationC．health care D．electricity30．Those who do not pay income taxes are ____________________.A．bedu B．non-citizensC．Kuwaiti citizens D．migrant workersⅢ.DISCOURSE CLOZEThe following is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces(there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point each)The English, as a race, have the reputation of being very different from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, Belgians and Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons,(31)______.Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems inhibited, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a commuter train any morning or evening to see the11truth of this. (32)__________; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An English wit,(33)_________, once suggested, “On entering a railway compartment shake hands with all the passengers.”Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately the object of suspicion.It is a well-known fact that the English have an obsession with their weather and that, given half a chance, (34)____________. Some people argue that it is because English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and speculation to everyone. This may be so. Certainly Englishmen cannot have much faith in the meteorological experts—the weathermen—who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, (35)____________. The man in the street seems to be as accurate—or as inaccurate—as the weathermen in his predictions. This helps to explain the seemingly odd sight of an Englishman (36)____________. So variable is the weather that by lunchtime it could be pouring.The overseas visitors may be excused for showing surprise at the number of references to weather that the English make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conventional greetings are replaced by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn’t it?”“Beautiful!” may well be heard (37)_____________. Although the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. If he wants to start a conversation with an Englishman (or woman) (38)_____________.It is a safe subject which will provoke an answer from even the most reserved of Englishmen.In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, passion etc., often accompanied by appropriate gestures. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. Whereas a man of more emotional temperament might describe her as “an exquisite jewel,”“divine,”“precious,” (39)_____________. An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It’s not bad, you know,” or on seeing a breathtaking landscape he might convey his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice. ” The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement; (40)_____________. This special use of language, particularly12common in English, is known as understatement.(from The English Character) A．leaving home on a bright, sunny, summer morning with a raincoat slung over his arm and an umbrella in his handB．instead of “Good morning ,how are you ?”C．he must realize that “all right,”“not bad,” and “nice ” are very often used as superlatives with the sense of “first-class ”, “excellent, ”“beautiful”D．it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalitiesE．The country’s intellectuals are also being taken to task for their failure to speak out against the regimeF．they will talk about it at lengthG．Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner H．pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitorsI．tends to be attracted in the display of his feelingsJ．but is at a loss to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather K．are often proved wrong when an anti-cyclone over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districtsL．the Englishman will flatly state “Um, she’s all right”Ⅳ.WORD FORMATIONSComplete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1point each)41．（rely）The major educational distinction between on-campus and distance teaching is the ________________on group-based strategies in the former and the individualized instruction in the latter.42．(produce)The only growing population in Asia is that of the poor. Much of the___________ land is being used for city expansion and building roads.43．(grow) World demand for paper and board is now expected to increase faster than the general economic_____________ in the next 15 years.1344．（destroy）Understanding how fire grows indoors is the first step in limiting its potential for death and______________ .45．（reason）Is the American Dream over? That’s the question any_____________, well-informed person might ask these days.46．(strength) He hoped to___________ the position of the sciences in the leading universities. 47．(invest) Many of the more reputable green products, however, represent very large________ in research and design, and in new materials and technology. 48．(entertain) Television, tapes, CDs, VCRs and audio-visual cameras have turned the home into an ______________center.49．(legal) They were yesterday convicted of___________________ using a hand gun. 50．(science) Australian__________________ have advised Ecuador on how to protect the seas around the famed Galapagos Islands.Ⅴ.GAP FILLINGThe following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box(there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point each)When we think of communication, we normally think of using words—talking face to face, writing messages and so on .But in fact, we(51)_____________ far more in other ways. Our eyes and facial expressions usually tell the truth even when our words do not.Then there are gestures, often unconscious: raising the eyebrows, rubbing the nose, (52)_____________ the shoulders, tapping the fingers, nodding and shaking the head. There is also the even more subtle “body language” of posture. Are you sitting—or standing—with arms or legs (53)_____________? Is that person standing with hands in pockets, held in front of the body or hidden behind? Even the way we dress and colours we wear communicate things to others.So, do animals communicate? Not in words, although a parrot might be (54)_____________ to repeat words and phrases which it doesn’t understand. But, as we have learnt, there is more to communication than words.Take dogs for example. They bare their teeth to warn, wag their tails to welcome and stand14。
英语阅读训练试题及答案一、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答下列问题。
A)In the heart of the city, there is a small park where people enjoy spending their free time. The park is surrounded bytall buildings and busy streets, but once you step inside, it feels like you are in a different world. There is a small pond with ducks swimming in it, and children love to feed them. The park also has a playground where kids can play on the swings and slides. In the afternoon, you can see many people sitting on the benches, reading books or just enjoying the peace and quiet.问题：1. 根据短文，公园位于哪里？2. 公园里有什么？3. 为什么人们喜欢在公园里度过他们的空闲时间？答案：1. 公园位于市中心。
2. 公园里有一个小池塘，里面有鸭子游泳；还有一个儿童游乐场，有秋千和滑梯。
3. 人们喜欢在公园里度过他们的空闲时间，因为一旦进入公园，就感觉像进入了一个不同的世界，可以远离周围的高楼大厦和繁忙的街道，享受宁静和和平。
B)Tom is a high school student who loves to play basketball. Every day after school, he goes to the school gym to practice. He dreams of becoming a professional basketball player one day. His coach, Mr. Smith, is very supportive and believesthat Tom has the potential to achieve his dream. Tom'sparents are also very proud of him and encourage him to keep working hard.问题：1. Tom的梦想是什么？2. Tom的教练是谁？3. Tom的父母对他的态度是怎样的？答案：1. Tom的梦想是成为一名职业篮球运动员。
英语阅读能力试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AIn the United States, there is a tradition known as "Black Friday," which is the day after Thanksgiving. Many people go shopping on this day because there are many discounts available.61. What is the main idea of the passage?A) Thanksgiving is an important holiday in the United States.B) Black Friday is a popular shopping day in the United States.C) People in the United States do not like to shop on Thanksgiving.D) Discounts are not available on Black Friday.62. What day is Black Friday?A) The day before Thanksgiving.B) The day after Thanksgiving.C) The day of Thanksgiving.D) The same day as Thanksgiving.BThe Smith family has a pet dog named Max. Max is veryfriendly and loves to play with the children in the neighborhood. He also enjoys going for walks with Mr. Smith.63. What is the relationship between Max and the Smith family?A) Max is a friend of the Smith family.B) Max is a neighbor of the Smith family.C) Max is a pet of the Smith family.D) Max is a child of the Smith family.64. What does Max enjoy doing?A) Playing with toys.B) Playing with the children in the neighborhood.C) Going for walks alone.D) Staying at home.二、完形填空（共15分，每题3分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Lucy. Shelived in a small village near a forest. One day, she decidedto go for a walk in the forest. As she walked, she found a small bird with a broken wing. Lucy felt 65 and decided totake care of it.66. What did Lucy find in the forest?A) A cat.B) A dog.C) A bird.D) A rabbit.67. How was the bird's wing?A) It was fine.B) It was broken.C) It was bleeding.D) It was swollen.68. What did Lucy decide to do?A) Leave the bird in the forest.B) Take the bird to a vet.C) Take care of the bird.D) Ignore the bird.三、翻译（共10分，每题5分）Translate the following sentences into English.69. 春天是一年四季中最美的季节。
2023年中考考前押题密卷【扬州卷】英语·全解全析（本卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。
）注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。
2．答客观题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的正确选项涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．答主观题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔作答，答案写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上。
如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。
不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题，共60分）一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．Have you ever worked as a volunteer to help ___________old during the summer holidays？Yes. It was ___________unforgettable experience for me.（）A．an；an B．an；a C．the；an D．the；a参考译文：——你曾经在暑假期间做过帮助老人的志愿者吗？——是的。
这对我来说是一次难忘的经历。
答案详解：定冠词the常用来表特指；不定冠词泛指"一个，一次"等，不定冠词a用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前，不定冠词an用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前。
题中第一空表特指，the old表示"老人"；第二空表泛指，unforgettable发音以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an。
所以选：C。
2．—______special festival people spent in 2020!—Yeah. Most people had to stay at home in order to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus.（）A．What a B．What C．How D．How a参考译文：——2020年人们度过了一个多么特别的节日啊！——是的。
全国2008年4月历年自考英语阅读(一)真题课程代码：00595I.CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man”. Yet this same man was condemned (判刑) to death for his beliefs.The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.Socrates’ method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, despite his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.1. According to Plato’s description, Socrates_______.A. was a funny and good-tempered manB. was the most just and intelligent manC. had a special way to attract his studentsD. had close relationships with his students2. Socrates was condemned for all the following reasons EXCEPT________.A. doubting the publicly recognized godsB. corrupting the young people with his teachingsC. grouping students together to study under himD. pressing his listeners into thinking for themselves13. Socrates’ teaching was intended to_________.A. encourage independent thinkingB. win over the conservative peopleC. inform students of his radical ideasD. lead his audience to be disobedient4. The word “unsurpassed”in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.A. untoldB. unequalledC. unnoticedD. unexpected5. Socrates readily accepted the death penalty because of_______.A. his disregard for deathB. his disbelief in godsC. his contempt for conservativesD. his belief in the legal systemPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame. Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated(实行种族隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.6. Heroes may come from different cultures, but they_______.A. generally share some inspiring characteristics2B. probably share some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC. are often influenced by their previous generationsD. are often pursued by a large number of fans7. According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that___________.A. they have a vision from the mountaintopB. they have warm feelings and emotionsC. they can serve as concrete examples of noble strengthsD. they can make people feel stronger and more enthusiastic8. Madonna and Michael Jackson are NOT considered heroes because_________.A. they do not improve their fans morallyB. they are popular only with certain groups of peopleC. their primary concern is their own financial interestsD. they are not clear about what principles they should follow9. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are examples of outstanding leaders who________.A. are good at demonstrating their charming charactersB. are capable of meeting all challenges and hardshipsC. can bring about social changes in their nationsD. can change the whole world with their skills and charms10. The author concludes that historical changes would________.A. be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB. not occur without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC. take place if there were heroes to lead the peopleD. produce leaders with attractive personalitiesPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Homing pigeons are placed in a training program from about the time they are twenty-eight days of age. They are taught to enter the loft(鸽房) through a trap and to exercise above and around the loft, and gradually they are taken away for short distances in baskets and released. They are then expected to find their way home in the shortest possible time.In their training flights or in actual races, the birds are taken to pre-arranged distant points and released to find their way back to their own lofts. Once the birds are liberated, their owners, who are standing by at the home lofts, anxiously watch the sky for their return. Since time is of the essence, the speed with which the birds can be directed to enter the loft trap may make the difference between gaining a win and a second place.The head of a homing pigeon is comparatively small, but its brain is one quarter larger than3that of the ordinary pigeon. The homing pigeon is very intelligent and some have been known to fly a hundred miles off course to avoid a storm.Some homing pigeon experts claim that this bird is gifted with a form of built-in radar that helps it find its own loft after hours of flight, for the birds have two very sensitive ears hidden under the head feathers, while the sharp, prominent eyes can see great distances in daytime.Why do homing pigeons fly home? They are not unique in this inherent skill; it is found in most migratory birds (候鸟), and in bees, ants, toads and even turtles, which have been known to travel hundreds of miles to return to their homes. But in the animal world, the homing pigeon can be trusted with its freedom and trained to carry out the missions that people demand.11. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To persuade the reader to buy a homing pigeon.B. To inform the reader of homing pigeons and their training.C. To explain how persistent and clever homing pigeons are.D. To explain why homing pigeons are loyal to their owners.12. According to the passage, what happens to homing pigeons when they are about a month old?A. They are kept in a trap.B. They enter their first race.C. They begin a training program.D. They start their first distant flight.13. In actual races, homing pigeons must be guided to enter the loft trap very quickly because_______.A. they are sometimes disobedient to their ownersB. they have no idea of when to start a raceC. time makes a big difference in winning a raceD. their intelligence can not always be trusted14. According to the passage, the difference between a homing pigeon and an ordinary one lies in__________.A. the span of the wingsB. the shape of the eyesC. the texture of the feathersD. the size of the brain15. Bees, ants, toads and turtles are mentioned in the last paragraph in order to________.A. to compare their home-finding abilities with those of homing pigeonsB. to compare the distances traveled by different types of animalsC. to provide a description of some other animals with similar featuresD. to arouse the reader’s interest in some other animals with similar features4Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do their own languages is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problems of learning to pronounce, and consequently never set about tackling it in the right way. Far too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a skill——one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of itself.I think, even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect the branch of study concerned with speaking in their practical teaching. So, the first point I want to make here is that the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to the teaching of English pronunciation. There should be occasions when other aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.Apart from this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be obtained from books. It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory. But the first and most important part of a language teacher’s technique is his own p erformance, his ability to demonstrate the spoken language, in every detail of articulation (发音) as well as in fluent speaking, so that the student’s talent capacity for imitation is given the fullest scope and encouragement.16. What does the author actually say about pronouncing foreign languages?A. Quite a few people are proficient.B. Few people are reasonably proficient.C. People realize the importance of pronouncing foreign languages.D. People tend to spend more time on pronouncing than spelling.17. According to the author, pronouncing a foreign language is a skill that requires_______.A. leaving it to take care of itselfB. careful training of a special kindC. focusing on learners’ own performancesD. obtaining much of the theoretical knowledge18. Regarding the teaching of English pronunciation, the author has made all the following suggestions EXCEPT_______.5A. to learn from a native speakerB. to devote some lesson timeC. to demonstrate the spoken languageD. to possess the necessary information19. In the author’s view, priority should sometimes be given to ______ in the practical t eaching.A. grammarB. spellingC. writingD. pronunciation20. The language teacher’s own oral performance is particularly important because _________.A. the students may admire the teacher’s spoken languageB. the students may have a high respect for th e teacher’s authorityC. the student’s vision can be widened to the fullest scopeD. the student’s speaking ability can be developed through imitationII. SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points,1 point each)Passage 5Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage.Reading skills are very important. Experts estimate that it is possible for any normal adult English speaker to read 1,000 words a minute and more, with special training. Yet most students read only about 300 words per minute. The following principles might be helpful for foreign students who wish to increase their reading skills:◇Always read faster than is comfortable. The faster your normal rate of reading becomes, the better your understanding will be.◇Keep reading ahead. Do not allow yourself to regress while reading, even when you come across a new word. If some word, term or phrase has clouded yourunderstanding, you should reread it only after you have read the entire paragraphthrough once.◇Read selectively. As you read make a conscious effort to screen the nouns, pronouns, and verbs from the other words, since these are the words that give meaning to whatyou have read. In effect, you should really read the nouns, pronouns and verbs andmerely see the rest of the words in the sentence.◇Read beyond the lines. As a good reader, you should see ideas implied through the words, and bridge the gap between the obvious and the suggested, thus obtainingmuch more information.Because the reading assignments in most college courses are very long, students should plan to read every day. If, however, they find that they cannot complete all the assigned readings in the6beginning, they should not panic. Instead, they should ask their classmates how much they are reading and attempt to learn from them what to read first and what to postpone until a later date.Because much of the past learning experience of foreign students may have been for the purpose of passing examinations, they might be inclined to put off studying until late in the term. Such behavior can result in failure in the US system, where assignments must be completed on time and done regularly each day.21. With special training, a normal adult English speaker may read _______ words per minute.A. 300B. Less than 1000C. 1000D. 1000 and more22. According to the author, what is the type of vocabulary the reader should not spend much time on while reading?A. Nouns.B. Pronouns.C. Prepositions.D. Verbs.23. What principle should foreign students follow when they come across a new word while reading?A. Always read faster than is comfortable.B. Keep reading ahead.C. Read selectively.D. Read beyond the lines.24. According to the passage, who should the student turn to for advice if he cannot complete all the assigned readings in the beginning?A. His teacher.B. His supervisor.C. His tutor.D. His classmates.25. In the United States, the foreign students must do their reading assignments ________.A. every dayB. until late in the termC. right after their classD. in the way their teachers have suggestedPassage 6Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage.We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular”coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).7The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.Another product extension strategy is called product modification．It involves changing product quality，features，or style to attract new users or more usage from present users．American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets．Note，also，how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling．26．The first paragraph tell us that a new product is_______．A．not easily accepted by the publicB．often inferior to old ones at firstC．often more expensive than old onesD．usually introduced to satisfy different tastes27．To extend product life，_____strategies are often employed．A．2 B．3 、C．4 D．528．When people stick to one brand，the product goes into_________．A．the stage of introduction` B．the stage of rapid growthC．the stage of maturity` D．the stage of decline29．Backpacks were originally designed for_________.A．the military B．travelersC．shoppers D．students30．Product modification does not invo1ve changing _________．A．product quality B．featuresC．style D．priceIII．DISCOURSE CLOZEThe following is taken from the textbook．Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary)．Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET．(10 points, 1 point each)All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live．(31)________．But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man8chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak，of course，of free men who have a choice，not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited．Such stories set us thinking，wondering what we should do under similar circumstances．What events，what experiences，what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings?(32)________?Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. (33)_______, but most people would be chastened by certainty of impending death.In stories, the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed. (34)_______. It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. (35)_______. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty task, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. (36)_______. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. (37)_________,Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed. “Nothing in particular.” She replied. (38)_______, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? (39)________. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough shaggy bark of a pine. In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sigh of awakening Nature after her winter’s sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolution;. and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy shiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush through my open fingers. (40)________. To9me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my fingertips.(From Three Days to See)A. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hoursB. This is a basic fact to keep in mindC. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest useof these blessed facultiesD. He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual valuesE. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys ofsoundF. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epicurean motto of“Eat, drink, and be merry”G. In this way, the survivors can become all-powerfulH. I who cannot see find hundred of things to interest me through mere touchI. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginableJ. I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such responsesK. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rugL. What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regretsIV. WORD FORMATIONSComplete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each )41. (profession) My _______ training has taught me to look at things logically.42. (profit) Most of the schools in China are running on a ____ basis,operating within their budgets.43. (remarkable) In recent years the Chinese labour market has been ___ successfulin absorbing the increase in the number of graduates.44. (disagree) Britain and France have expressed some ________ with theproposal.45. (horrify) He was _________ at the thought of his son moving about on astage in tights.46. (grow) A steady ________ in the popularity of two smaller parties mayupset the polls in this region.47. (practical) Although it is _______ to expect yourself to change the entire wayyou live, it is not too much to ask you to quit smoking now.48. (simple) The computer has _______ the difficult task of teaching readingto the deaf.1049. (consistent) The irony is that many officials in Washington agree in privatethat their policy is________.50. (increasing) His father began to lose his memory bit by bit, becoming________ forgetful.V. GAP FILLINGThe following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on theIt is generally (51)_______ that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his character and later personality. Every experience teaches the child something and the effects are cumulative. ‘Upbringing’ is normally used to (52)_________ the treatment and training of the child within the home. This is closely related to the treatment and training of the child in school, which is usually dist inguished by the term ‘education’. In a society such as ours, both parents and teachers are responsible (53)__________ the opportunities provided for the development of the child, so that upbringing and education are interdependent.The ideals and practices of child rearing (54)___________ from .culture to culture. In general, the more rural the community, the more uniform are the customs of child upbringing. In more technologically (55)_________ societies, the period of childhood and adolescence tends to be extended over a long time, (56)_______ more opportunity for education and greater variety in character development.Early upbringing in the home is naturally affected both by the cultural pattern of the community and by the parents’ capabilities and thei r aims and (57)______ not only on upbringing and education but also on the innate abilities of the child. Wild differences of innate intelligence and temperament exist even in children of the same family.Parents can ascertain what is normal in physical, mental and (58)____________ development, by referring to some of the many books based (59)________ scientific knowledge in these areas, or less reliably, since the sample is smaller, by comparing notes with friends and relatives (60)_______ have children.(From Bringing Up Children) VI. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSThe following 2 questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points, 5 points each)1161. According to the author, why do people generally not speak foreign languages very much better than their own languages?62. What are the three basic requirements for the foreign language teacher in teaching pronunciation?VII. TRANSLATIONThe following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraph carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts. (10 points, 2 points each) The American is quite ready to admit certain weaknesse s, such as “I never was good at mathematics,” “I’m a rotten tennis player,” or “I’m the world’s worst bridge, player.” However, the stranger must not be too quick to agree with him. (63) Americans think it is all right, even sporting, to admit a defect in themselves, but they feel that it is almost an insult to have someone else agree. (64) A part of American idea of good sportsmanship is the point of being generous to a loser. (65) This attitude is carried over into matters that have nothing to do with competition. (66) If a man talks about his weak points, the listener says something in the way of encouragement, or points to other qualities in which the speaker excels. An American student reports that when he was in a foreign country he was completely stun ned when he said to a native, “I don’t speak your language very well,” and the native replied, “I should say you don’t.” In a similar situation an American would have commented, “Well, you have only been here two months,” or “But you’re making progress.” (67) Although Americans are quite informal, it is best for a foreigner, in case of doubt, to be too formal rather than not formal enough. Consideration for others is the basis of all courtesy.(From American Social Relations)全国2008年4月自考英语阅读(一)试题答案课程代码：00595I.CAREFUL READING1-5 BDABD 6-10 ACADA 11-15 BCCDA 16-20 BBADDII. SPEED READING21-25 DCBDA 26-30 AACDDIII．DISCOURSE CLOZE31-40 ALFDI CEJHKIV. WORD FORMATIONS12。
