元音音标表（20个）
5个元音的字母音 a [ei] e [i:] i [ai] o [?u] u [u:]
5个元音的短元音：
a [?e] bag cat hat map
e [e] pen bed ten hen
I [i] big pig sit hill
o [?] box hot dog frog
u [u] but mum bus mug
12个单元音：
短元音[?e] [e] [i] [?] [?] [u] [?] 长元音 [i:] [?:] [a:] [u:] [?:]
8个双元音：[ei] [ai] [?u] [au] [?i] [i?] [e?] [u?]
元音发音规则表：
1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep
开音节中的e/i:/ me be she
ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need
ea /i:/ read eat meal seat
2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid
闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节)
闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym
位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility
3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never better best
闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell
ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather
4.单元音/?e/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact
闭音节中的 a / ?e / bad, lad, rat, cab
5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass
ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm
6.单元音 / ? / lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock
闭音节中的o / ? / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft
7./ ?:/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought
or / ?:/ or, sport, bored, horse, more, before
a(+ll或lk) / ?:/ all, fall, talk, walk
aw / ?:/ law, paw, draw, flaw, claw
8.单元音 /u/ cook book look put good full foot would
u /u/ put, full, pull, push, sugar, cushion
oo /u/ good, took, wood, wool, stood, bedroom
ou /u/ could, would, should
9.单元音 /u:/ too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose new
oo /u:/ fool, booth, room, food
ou /u:/ soup, you, group
o /u:/ do, to, who
10./ ?/ cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck
闭音节中的u /?/ but, hunt, sun, duck, luck
闭音节中的o /?/ son, once, colour, other, money
ou /?/ rough, enough, touch, cousin, young
11.单元音 /?:/ shirt hunt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse
er /?:/ herd, verb, mercy
ir /?:/ thirty, shirt, third, fir
ur /?:/ turn, church, burn, nurse, curse
or /?:/ word, work, world, worse
ear /?:/ heard, earth, search
12.单元音 /?/ ago about asleep above again among mother brother 许多元音在非重读章节中读成/?/，所以/?/的拼写形式多种多样。如：about, sofa, doctor, colour, figure
13.双元音 /ei/ May pay way day same hay great gain pain spade
a /ei/ save, face, pale
ay /ei/ day, pay, may
ai /ei/ wait, fail, strait
ea /ei/ break, great
14.双元音 /?u/ no go so hole hope road home slow load foe soul
o /?u/ go, hello, no, open, over, joking, October
oa /?u/ coat, soap, boat, road, coast
ow /?u/ snow, throw, blow, show, know, window
15.双元音 /ai/ bye lie try eye cry die my five time mine like
开音节中的i /ai/ time, crime, rite, fine
igh /ai/ high, might, night, light, bright
y /ai/ cry, my, sky, fly, July, reply
ie /ai/ eye, dye, bye
16.双元音 /au/ how now cow out mouse down house brown found
ou /au/ about, around, found, sound, mouse
ow /au/ down, crowd, town, brown, now, how
17. 双元音 /?i/ boy joy toy voice noise join coin oil soil toil oi /?i/ oil, boil, join, coin, spoilt, voice, choice, noise
oy /?i/ toy, boy, enjoy, destroy, annoy, loyal, employer
18.双元音 /i?/ ear here fear hear dear pier tear near really idea ear /i?/ ear, dear, hear, clear, beard
ea /i?/ idea, real, theatre
ere /i?/ here, mere, severe
eer /i?/ beer, queer, engineer
19.双元音 /e?/ care wear hair there fair careful various
are /e?/ care, share, fare, hare，careless
air /e?/ air, fair, chair，repair
20.双元音 /u?/ tour sure poor pure cure tourist
