【英语】高考英语高中英语阅读理解(人生百味)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)

【英语】高考英语高中英语阅读理解(人生百味)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)

一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类

1．阅读理解

In 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entire French Scrabble

Dictionary in just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards' impressive feat is a

useful example to show how artificial intelligence works—real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in

massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a

certain field.

The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI can outperform humans at

routine tasks—provided the task is in one field with a lot of data—it is technically capable of

replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.

But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First,

there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists,

novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs—executives, diplomats, economists

— go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.

Are you worried that these three types of jobs won't employ as many people as AI will replace?

Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as

teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy—which AI

does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have

cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.

So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so

people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of

the

government,

which can

provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.

（1）What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?

A. To introduce the topic.

B. To mention Nigel's feat.

C. To stress the importance of good memory.

D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.

（2）Which of the following best explains "outperform" underlined in paragraph 2?

A. Be superior to B. Be inferior to C. Be similar to D. Be related to

（3）Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?

A. The writer. B. The shop assistant. C. The babysitter. D. The psychologist.

（4）Which of the following suggestions can the author give about job replacement of AI?

A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.

B. Get more support from the government.

C. Apply for the donation from companies.

D. Upgrade people's professional skills all the time.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）A （3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人工智能有取代人类工作的潜力,但是,并非所有工作都会被人工智能取代,有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。因此,在人工智能时代人类仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知一个名叫奈杰尔·理查兹（Nigel Richards）的人在短短九周内记住了《法国拼字游戏词典》中的386,000个单词。但是,他不会说法语。其展示了人工智能是如何工作的。而后文主要与人工智能有关,由此推断作者写第一段的目的是引出人工智能这个话题。故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks—provided the task is in one field with a lot of data”可知AI可以在日常任务中outperform人类（前提是该任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中；以及“it is technically capable of replacing

hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.”可知从技术上讲,人工智能具有在未来大约15年里取代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能力。结合下文推断人工智能能够具有取代人类的工作是因为AI在日常任务中表现超过了人类,划线词的意思是"胜过,超过",故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a

goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can.”可知四种类型的工作完全没有风险。首先,有创造性的工作。人工智能不可能像科学家,小说家和艺术家那样进行发明创造。也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除A；再根据第四段中的“as the fourth type

is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.”可知需要情感的工作,例如老师,保姆和医生也不大可能被取代,因此排除C和D。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key

then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.” 可知作者认为在AI时代仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。进行培训是为了得到专业技能,由此推断作者会给出一直提升人们的专业技能的建议,故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments. They need to do more to prepare for the

side-effects.

For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Over the past

decade, however, digital payments have taken off— tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping

a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered

species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient—but it also causes