近五年高考英语真题解析——主谓一致
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近五年高考英语真题解析——主谓一致
主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查,多以语法填空和短文改错的形
式出题,在完形填空中也会有所涉及,根据近年的高考真题分析,主谓一致中的固定
搭配是考查的重难点,学生们可以结合真题进行学习。
考点掌握
1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则:语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致;
2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配;
3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致;
4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。
1.(2020∙新课标Ⅰ卷) "This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a
scientist at Brown University, says, "because it ___67___ (mean) we have the
chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___ (construct)".
【67题答案】means
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“这使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学
家Carle Pieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据
上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所
以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。
【68题答案】is constructed
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,谓语construct与
主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般
现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。
2.(2020∙天津卷)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early
1990s and ______ around that level ever since.
A.are remaining
B.have remained
C.is remaining
D.has remained
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初,医学院的数量达到了18
所,此后
一直保持在这个水平。ever since (从那以后)作时间状语,句子用现在完成时态。
主语为the number of medical schools ,the number of 表示“……的数目”,中
心词是number ,所以是单数,作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上,
故选D 。
3.(2019∙江苏卷∙单项填空)The musician along with his band members
___________ ten performances in the last three months.
A. gives
B. has given
C. have given
D. give
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意:在过去的三个月里,这名音乐家与他的
乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知,这句话的时
态为现在完成时,故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician,为第三人称单数形
式,句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分,故谓语动词要用第三人
称单数形式。故选B。
4.【2019∙新课标I卷∙语法填空】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear
subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing,
and nine lack enough data.
【答案】are
【解析】考察时态和主谓一致。根据three are declining,此处数词six作主语,代指
前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填are。
5.(2018∙新课标卷I∙语法填空)While running regularly can’t make you live
forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life than
walking, cycling or swimming.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。医学报告显示:跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地
延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实,故用一般现在时,且主语是it,表示单数概念。
故填is。
6.【2017∙ 江苏】The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both
widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a
leading novelist.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectations,“Great Expectations”是
书名,看做单数,所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式;根
据“strengthened”可知,说的是过去,故选C。句意:《远大前程》的出版获得了
广泛的认可和高度的赞扬,这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。
7. (2017∙天津卷) Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,
_______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
A.regard
B. is regarded
C. are regarded
D. regards
【答案】B
【解析】考查主谓一致。分析句式可知,cycling,along with jogging and
swimming是由along with连接的并列主语,谓语需根据along with前面的主语
cycling来选,即cycling是主语,所以谓语用单数形式;另外考查动词短语,be
regarded as"被认为是…",故答案为B。
8. (2016∙湖南卷) Listening to loud music at rock concerts _____ caused hearing
loss in some teenagers.
A. is
B. are
C.has
D. have
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致以及时态语态。句意:在摇滚音乐会听嘈杂的音乐会会引起一
些青少年的听力丧失。主语为动名词listening,谓语动词用单数。
9.(2016∙四川)Such poets as Shakespeare ______widely read, of whose
works, however, some_____ difficult to understand.
A. are; are
B.is; is
C.are; is
D.is; are
【答案】A
【解析】前句的主语是poets,后句的主语是some (works),都需要复数形式的谓语
动词。