道桥毕业设计

道路桥梁设计毕业设计（论文）苏通科技产业园经六纬九路路基工程施工方案系别：土木建筑系专业：道路与桥梁工程技术班级：07道桥姓名：学号：**********指导教师：完成时间：2010年 5 月摘要施工方案是指用以指导建设工程项目中分项、分部工程或专项工程施工的技术文件。

施工方案的正确与否，是直接影响施工质量的关键所在。

为保证建设项目的施工质量，必须编制科学、合理的施工方案。

本项目工程西侧从规划经七路往东至规划经十路，路线全长2185米。

道路路基标准横断面全宽36米；本道路按城市支路标准实施，设计时速为40Km/h。

结合本项目工程特点，编制施工方案分为工程概述、施工组织管理、施工工艺、施工平面布置；其中本施工方案针对的是路基工程。

其中施工组织管理从人、材、机及现场“三通一平”等方面说明开工前必备的生产要素，指出路基分部工程总体施工思路。

施工工艺以流程图的形式介绍路基分部工程各施工工序的先后顺序及逻辑关系。

其他施工方法、技术要求及质量标准则以工序施工为研究对象，对其施工思路、程序、操作要点及规范要求等进行说明。

施工平面布置则对施工现场生产、生活设施进行合理安排，以满足安全有序施工的需要。

土方是本工程中最大的项目，工期较长且耗用资源较多，结合本工程的特点做好土方的调运，严禁出现因土方欠缺而造成的窝工。

以本项目工程施工图设计及路基分部工程施工技术规范为依据，通过查阅相关施工手册，结合工程实际，编制分部工程施工方案，全面去考虑各项施工条件，确定合理的施工顺序、施工方法，制定了较有效的技术措施，为现场施工提供参考。

关键词：路基工程施工方案施工工艺ABSTRACTConstruction of the scheme is means guiding construction projects itemized, construction or engineering construction of technical documents. Construction plan activities, is directly affect construction quality. In order to guarantee the quality of the construction project, you must prepare the scientific and reasonable construction plan.The West side of this project, from planning through Jingqi road heading east to planning Jingshi road, route 2185 m in length. Road standards cross the full width of 36 meters; this road by City Branch standard design speed for the 40Km/h.The project features, making construction plan is divided into project overview, construction management, construction p rocess, construction layout; where the construction plan for subgrade. Where construction management from the people, materials, machines and field "three supplies and one leveling", describes the pre-construction prerequisite of production factors, pointed out that the overall construction of the roadbed construction. Construction technology to flowchart format roadbed construction the construction process of the order and the logical relationship. Other construction methods, technical requirements and quality standards for the construction of the operation, construction on its ideas, procedures, operations and regulatory requirements, etc. Construction layout on the construction site production facilities for reasonable cause, to meet the security needs of ordered construction.Earth is the largest engineering project, lengthy and resource consumption, combining the characteristics of Earth's transportation, is strictly forbidden by the Earth is a lack of sabotage work.This project engineering design and construction of the roadbed construction specifications, review the related construction manual, combined with engineering, compiling a partial construction scheme, fully to consider the construction conditions, determine a reasonable construction order, construction methods, developing a more effective technical measures, provide reference for the field construction.Key words:Subgrade Construction Plan Construction Process目录摘要 (1)ABSTRACT (2)第1章绪论 (6)1.1 毕业设计的目的和意义 (6)1.2 选题的意义 (6)1.2.1 毕业设计对实习工程与设计内容的要求 (6)1.2.2 实习工程简介 (7)1.2.3 实习工程的特点 (7)1.3 本文的主要内容 (7)第2 章工程概况 (8)2.1工程简介 (8)2.2施工条件 (8)2.2.1通讯 (8)2.2.2电力 (9)2.3 施工特点 (9)2.4 设备、人员、材料的到场 (9)第3章施工组织管理 (9)3.1 项目管理组织及人员分工 (9)3.2施工组织管理网络 (9)第4章施工方案 (12)4.1 施工准备 (12)4.1.1施工用水用电 (12)4.1.2 施工机械设备组织 (12)4.2 施工工艺 (15)4.2 .1 施工准备 (15)4.2.2 施工放样 (17)4.2.3沟塘处理 (17)4.2.4路基开挖 (17)4.2.5 原地面处理 (18)4.2.6 路基填筑 (21)4.2.7深水井降水方案 (22)4.2.8路基施工注意事项 (24)第5章施工进度计划 (25)5.1 施工进度目标的确定 (25)5.2 施工进度横道图 (25)第6章确保工程质量的技术保证措施 (27)6.1 确立创优目标，建立质保体系 (28)6.2 注重现场管理，狠抓内部自检 (28)6.3 坚持监理程序，完善资料管理 (29)第7章施工平面布置 (29)第8章结论与展望 (31)致谢 (32)参考文献 (33)第1章绪论1.1 毕业设计的目的和意义通过毕业设计来综合运用所学的基础与专业知识，在指导老师的指导下独立的、较系统的完成一个道路或桥梁工程项目某分部工程的施工方案设计，锻炼自我提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的思路和方法；并探讨、学习一些新的专业知识，接触并熟悉参考书及资料。

专业外文翻译原文road surface of pitch1 Debulk1.1 SummaryGood pitch road surface quality is it reflect , appear any quality defect will all that has been achieved has come to nothing in rolling through rolling to want. The durable performance of meeting pitch road surface of the structure demand is affected by two indexes mainly, namely the mixture and debulk designed. In these two indexes , lack any durable performance that can't ensure the pitch road surface , if insufficient debulk, optimum mixture that design will reduce serviceability , pitch of road surface, and good debulk can improve the result of a kind of nonstandard mixture effectively . So, debulk is considered to influence one of the most important factors of durable performance of road surface of pitch .Debulk course to reduce pitch course , air vent of content in the mixture, for solid particle stemming and orientating among one viscoplasticity medium course this, in the form of forming a kind of closely more knit and more effective particle to arrange. This course only takes place under the construction state in theory, but not under the traffic condition.1.2 Impact on debulk of composition material on the pitch road surface1.2.1collects material performancein order to reach the ideal solidity of pressing, it is very important to collect material and detailed some nature of collecting material thickly: Such as the particle form, raised angle , the absorbing water rate and surface are constructed, grade mix mixture most heavy to collect material size , thick to collect material proportion , consumption and type ,etc. , consumption of sand and powder of ore pigeonhole to pitch mixture solidity have direct influence.Under the same situation as other indexes , collect material one grade of mixture or disconnected grade mixed and mix mixture than exchanging debulk more than the single size from thick to the detailed even grade of mixture mixed , thick to collectmaterial proportion heavy pitch mixture, must increase the strength of keeping notably , could obtain the necessary space rate . On the other hand, many sand, or detailed grade buy bituminous concrete to be very much easy to be plastic, this kind of mixture is still difficult to reach proper closely knit degree. The pitch mixture of much sand tends towards pushes and shoves and difficult with debulking under debulk function . The different kinds of packing has remarkable influence on debulk of the pitch mixture, according to survey, in a situation that other conditions are the same, ordinary silicate packing than lime stone ore powder pitch mixture and cement stone pitch mixture easy debulk bituminous concrete, pitch mixture total hole rate too very heavy difference have behind the shaping, 8% , 9.1% , 12% respectively.1.2.2pitch viscidity influencepitch viscidity influence pitch mixture strength degree, and can debulk nature have something to do with mixture. At the mixture, high viscidity can pin down particle move often as debulk pitch, if pitch viscidity too low, is it collect material to be particle easy to move and push and shove in real time to press. When pitch mixture temperature is higher, pitch is it is it collect material particle rub lubricant of obstruction to overcome to make, when the mixture has already been cooled, the pitch makes and combines the combinationmaterial which is collected the material particle. Generally speaking, in fixed 135 pitch being viscidity high,resistance, mixture of person who reduces space the heavier. So use high viscidity at the pitch , adopt higher debulk temperature to reduce viscidity promote pitch road surface but debulk essential means. Show according to materials data give temperature definitely , low drip of viscidity educate than high closely knit high degree that pitch reach of viscidity, through rise debulk temperature, high viscidity drip is it can reach high solidity of pigeonholing as low viscidity pitch to educate. Therefore understand debulk state , pitch of viscidity under the temperature to promote pitch road surface good debulk there are important meanings.1.2.3 performance of mixture influencein fact, performance , pitch of mixture, influence degree, road surface of debulk the heaviest to pitch, the influence than simple to collect material or drip breedobvious even. When pitch consumption is lower in the pitch mixture easy to is it do astringent , coarse mixture to form, often difficult debulk; When pitch consumption is too great, can form and lubricate the mixture excessivly , make the mixture under the function of the road roller, form unstable and can fracture ing , mixture suffused with the oil after the traffic is open; For lower than best pitch mixture of consumption, can through increase efficiency , debulk of course reduce the space rate, reach a kind of satisfaction; But if pitch consumption at the optimum value of higher thanning , press real-time , can't prevent out of shape limit , pitch of mixture from almost; Secondly , collect material water content meet the requirement of norm minimum while drying, such wet pitch mixture, present the inclination moved in the course of debulk, it is very difficult for the result to press worker.1.3 Temperature impact on pitch roadsurface debulk pitch debulk performance , mixture of road surface receive match ratio design, influence of factor, variety of pitch and temperature ,etc. of debulk, it is the most influential but with debulk temperature. As everyone knows, the properties of pitch and pitch mixture are very sensitive to temperature, is it can know (125C1130 ) in the same grade is it under the mixture , roll rising of temperature at the same time to mix to test. Mixture try on pieces of density increase , air rate reduce , until a certain temperature (145 1150 ) , mixture try on a density up to most heavy, at the same time the air rate is dropped to minimumly . If is it rise to continue under temperature this, can make density reduce, atmosphere rate increases. It is obvious temperature of mixture on the low side on the high side , will influence density and air rate , pitch of mixture (pigeonhole the solidity). The temperature of the pitch mixture is very important too in debulk of the construction site mixture. The temperature of the mixture has already become one of the two major factors influencing the solidity of high pressure of construction site and low air rate. Dark- Kui expressway layers of grains of type in being thick for 4cm the pitch. Construct location windy (4-5), organize the pitch but layer construct in with high temperatures period only, keep temperature bring 80 one 90 up to , make layer receive further debulk the pitch after all.1.4 mechanical impact on pitch roadBecause pitch road surface quality should reflect the mechanical impact on pitch road surface debulk of debulk through rolling finally, so, the selecting type and disposing of debulk machinery seems particularly important. Dark- expressway two bid section (13.4km ) pitch concrete road surface project Kui, construct by Xinjiang the north new construction of road and brige Limited Company, the layers of structure for 6cm thick grains of type grains of grains of type bituminous concrete of the type ten 4cm in the +5cm, the lower floor is the cement stability gravel storey. Each constructed to begin since April of 2000 by the end of September of the same age. Pitch by day work N eight P-1600 for dose rein in 1800 types mix and stir , paver of mixing and stir etc. mixture. According to the regional climate situation of known construction , and mix and stir the productivity of the equipment , paver, transporting the distance and transportation situation, the characteristic of the mixture, pave the thickness, pave layers of location ,etc. , select and make up to the mechanical pattern. Namely use two CC2l a pair of steel and a round of vibration road roller while pressing for the first time , press quietly twice at the speed of 3-5km; When is it press to replying, adopt two CC21 pairs of steel rounds of vibration road roller still, vibration at the speed of 4-5km/11 roll four, dispose the tire road roller of a Model YL16 at the same time, roll twice at the speed of 4-5km/h; After all when pressing, adopt one 2Y8/10 pairs of steel rounds of vibration road roller, at the speed of 3-4km/h quiet to press and accept mere twice. Make from the machinery of the above up and analyse that can be drawn , the having direct relations all over the speed that is counted , rolling with rolling of debulk on the road surface . As thickness , environmental temperature , effective debulk time of paving being when constructing within the person who allow, the ones that rolled would play a decisive role to the debulk of the road surface all over the speed that is counted with rolling.Can know according to experience. The rolls and only fix through testing section all over countinging of pitch road surface, and should also be in the type of the road roller, solidity of pressing, shake frequently under the situation confirmed of valid debulk time of the amplitude , mixture, could get . Can select through conclusion totest section to debulk speed at the same time. By result of the test analyse can know , while rolling all over counting the samly , roll slow than roll speed get high solidity of pigeonholing soon, but it is only higher to press the solidity 0.4-0.8, there is no actual use value, while replying and press and press after all, should try one' s best to choose the high speed of rolling , in order to improve and press the mechanical homework efficiency of the way, reduce its quantity allocated1.5 pitch concrete glueand form analysis and research VFA (pitch consumption) of strength and pitch kind to solve pitch concrete glued and marries the strength problem. Because Marshall's test method has not already accorded with the actual conditions(because the concrete road surface of pitch has been pressed gently by the automobile tire on the real highway, Marshall test hit real number of times whether two sides each hit 75 times, if increase and hit the real number of times at the same time, aggregate break up and break to pieces, but gentle to press and increase aggregate have broken situation take place even quiet year again), so we must solve with other theory pitch concrete oilstone of as with glueing reason of envelope come and explain pitch concrete oil film thickness of as problem we (oilstone than) problem, we spread certain paste to paste while glueing envelopes, with the increase of the pressure, the surplus paste is crowded out, the tighter the envelope mouth is glued, there is the relation between certain pressure and thickness of the paste, the bigger the pressure is, the thinner the thickness of the paste is, it is the bigger to glue the strength of forming. The thickness of oil film of concrete of pitch is the same too, the greater the pressure of rolling the equipment (the tire) adopted when we construct is, keep high temperature for the first time, oil film thickness thin, pitch concrete that form it glues to be heavy to marry strength, this is that the American engineer JOHN.L.MCRAE gentleman's GTM machine rotates the gentle theory of pressing, this GTM testing machine has well solved the equipment (the pressure of the tire) of rolling, rolls the relation that temperature compares with oilstone (the thickness of the oil film). Seeing that of our country large-scale car amount tire pressure up to 1.0 Mpa more than already, propose and use GTM testing machine go on and rotate with 1.0 pressure of Mpa gentle to pigeonhole, temperature130 ∽ 135 when testing, after being steady in order to design the amount of oil used with the oil amount. The on-the-spot construction technological requirement is replied and pigeonholes the temperature after finishing to control above 130 degrees, press and adopt the large tonnage tire road roller for the first time (pressure of tires is more than of 1.0 Mpas).The kind of the pitch and ore material glue the strength of forming influencing the pitch concrete to the seizing of the pitch directly in addition, so the good modified pitch with good resisting splitting at the time of the low temperature at the same time of high-temperature stability has appeared at home, and should deal with the acid and neutral hard quality ore material , improve the seizing, generally adopt and catch the lime wash and is washed or mixed and adds the quick lime powder or low grade cement.2 Pitch preventative maintenance and machinery of concrete road surface2.1 The characteristic of concrete road surface of original sin and type of damagingPitch because concrete road surface use and glue and form strength better pitch material made and combine the material , therefore gluing the strength of forming while strengthening the ore material greatly , has improved the intensity and stability of the mixture, make to use the quality and durability raise road surface . Pitch concrete road surface have surface level, infiltrate, drive a vehicle advantage comfortable, with low noises, therefore find more and more extensive application. But it is often influenced by respects, such as weather, temperature, driving a vehicle and material, and such reasons of the respect as the road surface structure is designed, will present various disease unavoidably, and the disease has brought harmful influence on driving speed, road surface service life, passenger's comfortableness and traffic safety.Pitch damage of concrete road surface overall to can be divided into two big classes, one is structural damage , including the destruction of a certain part whole or among them of structure of road surface , the ones that made road surface unable tosupport and is scheduled loaded; Another functional damage, it might follow and structural damage take place, but because roughness and resisting the decline in slippery performance,etc. make it not have a function booked again, thus influenced quality of driving a vehicle.Pitch early disease of concrete road surface show as early rut and decay of roughness, suffused with oil and resist slippery decline of performance often at expressway, show as early small crack at ordinary arterial highway, detailed material lose cause undisguised, polishes, , the host is lost, surface disease that the road surface infiltrates. That the pitch wears out. If disease the can deal with but develop as one pleases in early days, must lead to the fact surface to be loose further, or cause serious deformation disease, such as peeling off and rut of depth of lower floor. Because of infiltrating, then cause structural damage, such as whole trough, thus must adopt the repairing method to carry on road surface maintenance. So seek one swift helping, cost rational settlement pitch concrete road surface early applicable technology of disease to maintain to be solved problem urgently in the work2.2 Important meaning of preventative maintenanceAround the relation that is built and maintaining, maintaining and preventing, with the constant perfection of the road network, only keep good road surface serviceability for a long time, the huge investment of road construction could give full play to its investment benefit , keep road surface good technological state must have one maintaining and support system come guarantee powerful for a long time, come from this meaning and say , maintain a kind of continuation that is road construction in fact. In the road surface maintains the relation with maintenance, People always get used to it after the road surface begins to be damaged for a long time , just remembers that will carry on maintenance to it, Carry on preventative meaning of maintenance know enough often under being also in good state to road surface. Preventative maintenance is a kind of periodic pressure maintenance measure in fact, it does not consider whether there is a certain damage on the road surface, Preventative maintenance best to implement opportunity should to in good state still in road surface, or go on only at the time of some disease omen .Though preventative maintenance needs to invest some expenses, it is a kind of expenses- benefit than very good maintenance measure. American department mentions in the road surface solution , what the American road industry was once passed to different grades of hundreds of thousands kilometers is followed, find that the serviceability and life-span of these roads have a common change characteristic : A road with qualified quality, performance drops by 40% within service life 75%, called preventative maintenance stage this stage. Such as be unable to in time maintenance, in 12% service life in the time, performance drops by 40% again afterwards, cause and maintain cost increase by a large margin , call that and correct maintenance stage this stages. Count and draw and invest through investigation 1 preventative maintenance fund can economize 3- l0 yuan correct maintenance conclusion of fund each time. U.S.A. SHRP plan one important achievement point out preventative maintenance delay road surface serviceability worsen the speed, lengthen its service life and economize the important meaning of expenses of life cycle.Correct serviceability that implement preventative maintenance and can keep the road surface good , lengthen life cycle of road surface , reduce life cycle expenses and economize and maintain the fund. Plan and estimate according to SHRP , go on preventative maintenance of 3-4 can lengthen 10- 1 years such as service life within life cycle of whole road surface, economize and maintain 45-50% of expenses, these foreign experience of benefitting is worth we drew lessons from . Need emphasize , implement to one- two road preventative maintenance can not give full play to his potential benefit and function only, put it preventative maintenance in network of highways support height of the system pay only, could fully embody its important strategic meaning and function .2.3 Choose suitable preventative maintenance machineryCarry on maintenance promptly when the road surface presents disease omen , make it not happen or continue developing, expanding , influence the stability of the basic unit, should carry on preventative maintenance. Preventative maintenance capital equipment have and irritate and sew machinery, road surface part mend homework machinery, heavy area surface punish machinery, usually.The pressure type irritates the sewing machine: Adopt artificial way to irritate and sew the homework, though can prevent the infiltration of the sub-surface of rainwater , alleviate the development with further crack, but because the sealed material is not irritated deeply enough, it is very difficult to reach the lasting result. Adopt pressure type irritate person who sew can irritate deep layer to reach the crack sealed material, irritate and sew better result , can lengthen service life of road surface , raise and go the security and comfortableness of the vehicle.Irritate and sew homework want and carry on clear to go on and irritate and sew after sewing first generally, greater than 3 crack of mm need and slot the homework generally. Irritate the heating that the sewing machine should be furnished with the control device of pressure, sealed material mainly or keep the device warm, for prevent spray gun hose from stop up and should take corresponding heating, keep measure warm also. The main characteristic of the pulling type is: Heat storehouse volume 470L, relatively more complete function havesuitable for irritating and sewing the homework by a large scale. Pair set up yuans of hand person who push away hot to irritate heating storehouse of person who sew volume 40 L, small easy to operate using flexible, low fabrication cost company, can look at according to work load feeling worthy of and heat cauldron again separately, suitable for hot to caulk the irritating and sewing the homework of material mainly; Have function cold to irritate person who sew without heating, use polymer modify water quality caulk the material mainly. If department pitch cold to irritate and sew material to modify emulsification, as emulsification after the solidification pitch, the modified pitch and crack of high polymer are glued and formed closely, can guarantee that there is good strength of seizing to irritate and sew the material and crack . Because cold to irritate and sew simple, easy to use craft, road surface give person who defend maintenance have wide prospects in pitch.Mend the hole machine in spraying type: Person who spray pitch road surface mend technology one high-efficient mending road surface hole maintenance technology of pool fast, cardinal principle to utilize way of spaying with high presure , mix emulsification pitch that heat already through nozzle with conveyer belt dept. oforthopedics come to convey, spray the mixture to the hole pool of road surface evenly through the compressed air at a high speed, because passing through function reaches and glues the result formed closely knitly. Because craft simple, need and go on and roll again, mend hole short activity duration, can open traffic quickly.Hope that you remember my result every day. Car chassis (or pulling type); Pitch pot of emulsification and heating and keep the device warm, sending the pipeline; The aggregate stores the storehouse and conveyer belt; The cleaner stores the pot; Liquor pressure drive; Air compressor machine and nozzlemake up . In pool go on and clear up, after repairing, attenbant need and know one nozzle (operate button at nozzle handle) can finish the hole pool of road surface mend the homework only to hole. Should pay attention to controlling the quality of the good aggregate and grading in using; Choose the broken milk tempo of the good emulsification pitch ; Grasp the spraying amount and so as to ensure roughness of road surface after mending, Mend machinery in hot regeneration of road surface : For economize valuable way spend material, reduce and mill old material pollution of the environment these come down to plane, many place popularize old way spend regeneration of material, pitch hot recycled craft because with cold to mill- factory mix recycled craft compare on the spot among them in a more cost-effective manner, reduce old material freight and factory mix regeneration need use continuous type to mix and stir the reasons, such as equipment. Generally, the maintenance of the expressway is widely used with maintaining in JiangsuProvince. Reach materials that company offer according to Great Britain, " repair the roads king " its mend method compare with traditional method, it can save 5/6 to mend time, personnel save 1/2 for homework, the old way totally utilizes with the material, new pitch mixture consumption can save 1/2 .Hot recycled key part of equipment to heat board mainly on the spot, it want offer high-efficient heat energy of radiating, heat and should short time to old road surface have, and reach certain depth; Can't be overheated, make the pitch wear out , lose the recycled meaning. Great Britain reach company repair the roads king heat board take interval heating way, can one is penetrated to the road surface deep layer, and road surface top layer pitch wear out again and hotly, well solve this problem . Inaddition according to mend area of uniform size, heat board it's better to have the sub-zone function.The rare thick liquid seals one layer of pitch rare thick liquid of emulsification with modifying and seals one layer of pavers: Rare thick liquid seal layers of technology to new, old wear out, crack, smooth loose of road surface, hole trough. Disease can play prevent and function of maintenance, make road surface waterproof, resist slippery, levels, wear-resisting performance is raised rapidly. In recent years, because rare thick liquid seal layers of standardization that construct, standardize, construction quality raise and reducing of cost, rare thick liquid seal layer apply common road and expressway maintained and had in early days extensively already.Modify emulsification pitch rare thick liquid seal layer modify emulsification pitch with roll and break to pieces by water quality high polymer intensive material, mineral packing, water and surface that additive make up punish layer one, can pave the thin layer , solidify fast, can open traffic in an hour after constructing in characteristic, because modify the pitch rare thick liquid of emulsification seal one layer of solidification time faster than the ordinary rare thick liquid, modify emulsification pitch rare thick liquid seal layer can seal than traditional rare thick liquid layer thick. Used in the punishment of constructing disease, such as repairing, chap, rut, etc. of road surface mainly, can be used for sealing and improving resisting slippery punishment of road surface. But modify the pitch rare thick liquid of emulsification is the same as other thin layers are punished, only have highway section with steady structure now suitably, must construct after mending strongly when curved sinking value is not enough. Guarantee modify emulsification pitch there aren't the thick liquid not rares. Modify emulsification pitch rare thick liquid material viscidity heavy, pave layer relatively thick, generally speaking, modify emulsification pitch raise than the emulsification pitch viscidity not modifying by 30-50%, result in and make obstruction heavy thick liquid, the speed slows down. Demand and modify emulsification pitch rare thick liquid seal layers of equipment device corresponding to strengthen power store to make thick liquid, cloth fast, mobility fine, cloth speed pave range that the thickness regulate heavy, in order to meet modifying the constructionrequest for sealing layer of rare thick liquid of pitch of emulsification.The pitch road surface maintains machinery and cares the car synthetically, cares the car etc. multi-functionally, have given play to one's own characteristics in the maintenance of the superhighway. As the constant increase,, especially the expressway of the superhighway increase, and the constant innovation on maintenance work craft and material , the mechanical manufacturer to maintaining , including the respects, such as designing, making, after-sale service. Put forward higher and higher request. Too should maintain mechanical applying unit from maintenance, quality of attenbant of equipment, maintenance exertion of material,etc. pays enough attention, it is in many aspects to accomplish, multi-disciplinary close cooperation, could promote the preventative maintenance mechanized development of the highway to the maximum extent .3 pitch concrete road surface in constructing1.one of precautions infiltrate, design and grade kind pitch concrete match ratio very in theory in constructing, in not butting if can't construct it guarantee by pitch concrete homogeneity(include and grade and last homogeneity that shut pitch , homogeneity that pave, roll homogeneity of shaping), pitch concrete road surface equally will produce infiltrate, purt thick liquid, rut, suffused with oil,etc. destroy the phenomenon in early days. Stone fit expressway pitch concrete finish adopt many broken stone pitch concrete (SAC) make finish structure, SAC structure does not infiltrate theoretically, and have good resisting the slipping and temperature stability, can meet and construct TD of depth > request for 0.7mm, why is it very good in some paragraphs on the line of Ann of stone, some paragraph very serious to destroy phenomenon in early days, main reason to guarantee pitch concrete homogeneity of road surface and pigeonhole solidity, pursue the roughness to cause excessivly. Guarantee pitch homogeneity of concrete and pigeonhole solidity key problem very in constructing. Sand celebrate academician Lin in " expressway pitch road surface destroy phenomenon with predict " book chapter ten describe to pitch concrete importance of homogeneity specially " in early days. Only brief here to sum up the。

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道路桥梁⼯程毕业设计开题报告道路桥梁⼯程毕业设计开题报告（精选7篇） 在⼈们越来越注重⾃⾝素养的今天，需要使⽤报告的情况越来越多，报告具有成⽂事后性的特点。

那么什么样的报告才是有效的呢？以下是⼩编为⼤家收集的道路桥梁⼯程毕业设计开题报告，欢迎阅读与收藏。

道路桥梁⼯程毕业设计开题报告篇1 1、课题研究的⽬的和意义 1.1⽬的及现状 ⼈类的⽣活及发展必离不开⾐⾷住⾏，⽽随着历史车轮的滚滚向前，出⾏逐渐成为⼈们的必然成为，这就⾃然的要求道路和桥梁的建设要跟上历史的脚步，桥梁在其中起到了重要的作⽤，桥梁是⽤于跨越障碍物(如河流、海峡、⼭⾕、道路等)⽽使道路保持连续的⼈⼯构造物，俗称道路咽喉，它便利了两岸的往来，⼜不阻挡⼭间⽔上的原有交通。

桥梁既是⼀种交通功能性的构造物，也是⼀座⽴体的造型艺术⼯程。

桥梁往往是⼀个城市或国家(地区)的象征。

我国的桥梁具有悠久的历史，⾃西周、春秋开始，包括此前的历史时代，这是古桥的创始时期。

此时的桥梁除原始的独⽊桥和汀步桥外，主要有梁桥和浮桥两种形式。

当时由于⽣产⼒⽔平落后，多数只能建在地势平坦，河⾝不宽、⽔流平缓的地段，桥梁也只能是写⽊梁式⼩桥，技术问题较易解决。

⽽在⽔⾯较宽、⽔流较急的河道上，则多采⽤浮桥。

到了秦、汉时期，包括战国和三国，是古代桥梁的创建发展时期。

秦汉是我国建筑史上⼀个璀灿夺⽬的发展阶段，这时不仅发明了⼈造建筑材料的砖，⽽且还创造了以砖⽯结构体系为主题的拱券结构，从⽽为后来拱桥的出现创造了先决条件。

战国时铁器的出现，也促进了建筑⽅⾯对⽯料的多⽅⾯利⽤，从⽽使桥梁在原⽊构梁桥的基础上，增添了⽯柱、⽯梁、⽯桥⾯等新构件。

不仅如此，它的重⼤意义，还在于由此⽽使⽯拱桥应运⽽⽣。

⽯拱桥的创建，在中国古代建桥史上⽆论是实⽤⽅⾯，还是经济、美观⽅⾯都起到了划时代的作⽤。

⽯梁⽯拱桥的⼤发展，不仅减少了维修费⽤、延长了桥的使⽤时间，还提⾼了结构理论和施⼯技术的科学⽔平。

2013届道桥专业毕业设计2013届铁工毕业设计黄晶岭三号隧道设计班级：姓名：学号：完成日期：2013-12-10第一章 结构设计1.1工程概况本隧道按行车最高速度250km/h ，客运专线双线隧道设计。

内轮廓执行《时速250公里客运专线双线隧道复合式衬砌》通隧（2005）0201—5图。

洞内采用重型轨道碎石道床，铺设III 型轨枕及60㎏/m 钢轨。

设计轨面至道床底面高度为77㎝。

1.2洞口段设计⒈本隧道进、出口进采用斜切式洞门 ⒉斜切式洞门的设计和明洞部分的施工⑴本隧道在里程DIK186+226~DIK186+244为明洞部分，长度为18m 。

由于埋藏较浅，一般在10~20米之间。

故采用明挖扩大法施工。

由于地质条件较差，为V 围岩，在施工过程中要先作好防排地表水工作，开挖是要注意放坡和对边坡的防护。

施工时主要以机械开挖为主。

人工清底。

在部分地段辅助爆破开挖。

⑵在开挖过程中要注意对围岩的保护，减少对围岩的扰动。

⑶洞门形式详见“福厦施隧—2655”。

1.3洞身衬砌洞身衬砌详见“福厦施隧—2653”。

1.4支护及施工方法⒈全隧各段施工方法、加强支护及超前支护参数具体见下表；暗洞段施工方法按“福厦隧参02”图办理；钢架按“福厦贰隧参（05）4001，4002”图办理。

⒉系统支护参数按采用纸参考图办理。

⒊为保证质量，改善工作面环境，喷混凝土采用湿喷技术。

⒋全隧施工时，仰拱混凝土应先施作，拱墙二次衬砌采用一次立模筑。

⒌暗洞段采用光面爆破、锚喷支护，按“福厦贰隧参（05）4001—19”和“福厦贰隧参（05）4002—16”图的要求对结构支护体系的稳定性进行监测分析，并按仰拱超前的原则组织施工。

⒍洞身DIK186+900~DIK187+100线路左侧240m为紫坑水库，其坝底标高约为80m，顶标高96.8m，库容量22400m3高于线路约58m，据地质专业工程地质评价，隧道开挖不会引起水库大量渗水。

隧道施工中采取加深局部炮眼探水，并注意观察地下水渗漏情况，必要时可实施开挖后局部注浆。

河北工业大学城市学院毕业设计说明书作者： xxx 学号： xxxxxx 系：土木工程专业：土木工程（道桥方向）题目：某国道K16+000至K24+000段改建设计指导者： xxx 教授(姓名) (专业技术职务)评阅者：(姓名) (专业技术职务)2012年 6 月 1 日毕业设计（论文）中文摘要毕业设计（论文）外文摘要目次1 引言 (1)1.1路线地理概况 (1)1.2 说明书 (1)1.3 道路的设计技术指标及论证 (2)2 路线 (4)2.1 平面线形设计 (4)2.2 纵断面设计 (8)2.3 横断面设计 (9)3 路基路面及排水 (11)3.1 路基设计 (11)3.2 路面结构设计与计算 (13)3.3 排水设计 (18)4 桥梁涵洞 (19)4.1小桥涵的布置原则： (19)4.2. 涵洞设计： (19)4.3.桥梁设计: (22)5、挡墙设计 (22)5.1挡土墙的基本概念 (22)5.2挡土墙的布设： (22)6 概预算编制 (27)结论 (29)参考文献 (29)致谢 (31)1 引言1.1路线地理概况本项目地处与浙赣毗邻的闽北地区，沿线拥有丰富的自然资源和旅游资源。

浦南高速的建设将促进闽北旅游业的发展，支撑以武夷山为中心的旅游经济圈，促进以武夷山、黄山、杭州为龙头的华东旅游资源的联合开发。

浦南高速北接长三角，南连珠三角、闽南金三角，它的建设进一步改善闽北的交通条件，优化投资环境，带动沿线地区的开发开放，进一步完善福建省东出西进的交通网，使南平更好地成为海峡西岸经济区与长三角互动发展的承接点、辐射内陆的延伸区。

因此，本项目的建设不仅对发展地方经济，促进旅游业发展，而且对加强国防交通建设，都具有十分重要的意义。

本区内多丘陵低山，峰峦起伏，山脉主体均呈北东-南西走向，与区内主要构造线相一致，构成岩石主要为坚硬的火山岩和变质岩，山势雄伟壮观。

本段地处闽北山区，属于亚热带季风湿润气候区，具有大陆性气候特征，兼受海洋性气候影响，温和多雨，阳光充足。

道路桥梁工程毕业论文Last revision on 21 December 2020毕业设计（论文）泰州市231省道泰州至高港改线工程3标段高架桥桩基专项施工方案系别：土木建筑系专业：道路桥梁工程技术班级：道桥 101*名：***学号：指导教师：***完成时间：目录摘要 (Ⅱ)ABSTRACT (Ⅲ)前言............................................................ 第一章编制说明.................................................编制依据....................................................编制目的....................................................编制原则.................................................... 第二章工程概况.................................................工程简介...................................................地质、气候及水文............................................ 第三章施工准备.................................................施工场地的设置..............................................施工组织机构人员安排........................................工程进度计划................................................ 第四章施工方案设计.............................................平整场地....................................................场地处理....................................................地表处理................................................排水沟布置..............................................施工放样....................................................混凝土灌注桩施工工艺 (8)成孔....................................................检孔及清孔..............................................钢筋笼制作及吊放........................................安设导管、储料斗、混凝土灌注............................施工质量保证措施........................................ 第五章施工安全保证体系及措施 .................................安全施工保证措施............................................冲击钻机施工安全............................................ 第六章进度保证体系............................................. 第七章施工环保的主要措施 ......................................临建和现场布置.............................................道路和场地..................................................施工场地清理................................................材料堆放....................................................大气与水质的保护............................................废弃物的处理................................................施工噪音控制措施............................................生态保护措施................................................水土保持措施................................................摘要本设计是江苏省231省道泰州至高港段改线工程钻孔灌注桩的施工设计方案，桩径为，桩长为66m钻孔深度70m。

广联达第九届bim高校毕业设道桥计任务书广联达第九届BIM高校毕业设计是道桥计任务书本文将从BIM技术的应用前景、道桥计设计的关键问题和广联达第九届BIM高校毕业设计任务书的要求等方面展开，旨在全面评估和深度探讨道桥计设计的相关主题。

第一，BIM技术的应用前景。

近年来，BIM技术在工程行业中的广泛应用已成为大势所趋。

BIM技术改变了传统设计方法，通过数字化建模、协同设计和信息共享等手段，实现了设计、施工和运营管理的高效一体化。

在道桥计设计中，BIM技术可以帮助工程师快速准确地构建三维模型，并进行工程量清单的自动生成、协调碰撞检测等工作，提高设计质量和效率。

BIM技术还能与其他软件进行集成，实现工程数据的共享和整合，为道桥计设计提供更多可能性和创新性。

第二，道桥计设计的关键问题。

在道桥计设计中，存在着一系列关键问题需要解决。

首先是地形与环境问题。

道路和桥梁的设计必须考虑到周围地形的特点和环境的影响，以确保工程的稳定性和安全性。

其次是结构设计问题。

道桥的结构设计需要充分考虑荷载、承载力和耐久性等因素，以确保工程的可靠性和持久性。

最后是施工规划与协调问题。

道桥计设计需要合理规划施工流程，协调各专业的工作，以确保工程按时按质完成。

第三，广联达第九届BIM高校毕业设计任务书的要求。

在广联达第九届BIM高校毕业设计中，学生需要根据所选择的道桥计设计项目，运用BIM技术完成设计任务。

具体要求包括：1.建立道桥模型，包括地形、结构、材料等要素；2.进行材料选型和结构设计，满足设计要求；3.对模型进行碰撞检测和可视化展示；4.编制BIM施工图、设计报告和技术规范等相关文档。

在个人理解和观点方面，我认为BIM技术在道桥计设计中具有重要的应用价值。

通过BIM技术，设计师可以在数字环境中对道桥进行模拟和优化，提前解决可能存在的问题，减少设计变更和施工风险。

BIM 技术还可以提供更多的数据支持和决策依据，帮助设计师做出科学合理的设计决策。

题目：沥青路面施工质量控制的探讨指导老师：孙熠班级:道桥系GG11—1姓名：童治川目录一、引言二、材料及施工准备三、沥青混合料的拌合四、沥青混合料的运输五、沥青混合料的摊铺六、沥青混合料的碾压七、接缝处理八、施工质量控制九、总结语关键词:沥青路面质量控制沥青路面施工碾压成型引言近年来随着国家对高速公路建设投资力度的加大，我国的高速公路工程十分迅速,在高速公路的建设中，我国的绝大部分的高速公路都采用沥青混凝土路面。

沥青混凝土面层是有良好的力学性能和较好的耐久性以及行车舒适性，适合于各种车辆的通行，并具有坚实、耐久、平整、良好的抗滑、防渗、耐疲劳的性能和抗高温开裂的温度稳定性,但是随着国民经济快速、协调发展使交通量的不断增长，我国道路交通量日益增大车辆迅速的大型化且严重超载，使公路面临严峻的考验.因此,随着一条条高速公路的建成并投入运营，很多高速公路沥青路面均呈现出一定的早期病害。

目前沥青混凝土路面最常见的早期病害现象有：龟裂、水破坏、松散、泛油、推移等.这些病害基本上也是公路工程质量的通病。

对新建公路的正常使用形成了严重的威胁，沥青混凝土路面作为高等公路来说是来说是必不可少的面层,沥青混凝土路面施工是公路工程施工的一道重要工序，沥青路面施工中,前场和后场的工艺控制及质量控制的各个环节对现场施工具有一定的指导作用。

这篇论文结合工程项目，阐述了质量控制和沥青路面常出现的病害，并分析了出现病害的原因和提出预防措施,沥青混凝土作为一种路面结合料在道路工程得到了广泛的采用。

从乡村路到城市道路,从三级路到高速公路，再到路面面层,均普遍采用，成为了道路建设长久使用的一种材料。

但由于沥青混凝土材质本身的差异，这些病害的出现严重影响了行车速度、行车安全,加大了汽车磨损，缩短了沥青路面使用寿命使得行车不顺畅，造成路面使用年限的缩短！有的高速公路当年通车即发生了病害，正常维护期大大提前，直接影响了车辆的运行，也增大了养护管理资金的投入,本文就几种常见的施工技术并结合实际提出相应的预防措施，以及沥青路面公路施工多对象进行研究，探讨沥青路面公路施工技术与质量控制。