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A无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。
我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。
可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。
影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。
新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。
大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。
职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。
与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。
当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。
这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。
我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。
我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子，同样也适应于男子。
我们这个社会表现出似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不象对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。
大学体验英语四（综合教程）Unit 3CopyrightListen and TalkLead inCopyright is the 1. legal right, given to the originator or their assignee for a 2. number of years, to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, musical, or artistic material, and to 3. others to do the same.A federal judge’s ruling in New Y ork Wednesday that Internet music 4. must pay up to $250 million to Universal Music Group for copyright infringements has 5. questions not just about the future of , but also generally the future for 6. music, movies and other 7. from the Internet.U.S. District Judge Jed said "willfully”violated copyrights and 8. per Universal CD. 9. ." vowed to appeal."10. , even if it’s on the Internet." said CEO Michael Robertson.Key: 1. exclusive; 2. fixed; 3. authorize; 4. distributor; 5. raised 6. downloading; 7. products;8. ordered it to pay $250009. An exact number of CDs and total damages will be determined at a November hearing.10.We believe that everyone should have the right to listen to the music they purchase Passage A: 10 Big Myths About Copyright2. Analyze the following cases to see whether they are legal or illegal based on the information obtained from the reading passage. An example has been provided for you.Legal IllegalLegal IllegalLegal Illegal Legal Illegal Legal Illegal Legal Illegal Legal IllegalLegal IllegalAnswer: 1.illegal, 2.illegal, 3.legal, 4.illegal, 5.legal, 6. legal, 7. legal, 8. legal 3. Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.1. Why should we follow the copyright law although some works do not carry a copyright notice? Because the default we assume for other people's works is that they are copyrighted.2. What do you think of personal copying of music without any commercial purposes?This does not violate the copyright.3. What condition must we obey when we want to use somebody’s works posted in the public domain?Either the author puts a note explicitly saying "I grant this to the public domain," or you can get the author's authorization.4. How can I avoid violating the copyright law if I want to use some characters from somebody else’s work in my story?Y ou need the author's permission.5. When will people be punished severely if they violate copyright?When commercial copyright violation is more than 10 copies and value over $2 500.plete the summary of the text. The first letter of the missing word has been given to you.This article addresses a range of common 1) m about copyright, by outlining and explaining the related USA Copyright 2) l . It looks at issues such as which materials are free from copyright 3) r , what the acceptable 4) u of copyright materials is, w hat the 5) s of copyright brand names is, and what the legal 6) c of copyright violations might be. Through the article the author encourages readers to beware of falling for the 7) m about copyright, and to give legal and 8) e consideration to copyright issues.Anwser: 1.misconceptions ws 3.restrictions age 5.scope6.consequences7.myths8.ethical5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.block anonymous derive quote rationalizecontact exclusive violate default charge1. Priests thought angrily that the soldiers ___ the church by using it as a stable.2. We ___ knowledge not only from books, but also from practice.3. Y esterday I was caught in the rain, so now my nose is all __ up and I can hardly breathe.4. The ___ system in this lap-top computer is Windows XP.5. He further ___ his activities by convincing himself that he was actually promoting environmental protection.6. The saxophonist ___ the Kenny G melody Going Home in his solo.7. Through an exciting bid for building the bridge, we won the ___ contract in the end.8. She immediately called an officer at the Naval Intelligence Service, who in turn ___ the FBI.9. After he reported the truth, he received many ___ letters and phone calls.10. --Do they ___ for the use of the telephone?--Y eah! Half yuan per minute!Answer: 1.violated, 2.derive, 3.blocked, 4.default, 5.rationalize,6.quoted,7.exclusive,8.contacted ,9.anonymous , 10.charge6. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.Make changes where necessary.1. Whether you go on with your study or not ___ you.2. Y esterday the heavy fog ___ a car crash on the highway.3. He ___ driving a car while under the influence of alcohol.4. It ___ for him to tell her the truth that her son died in the war, because her husband just went out of this world last month.5. Who are in charge of ___ these leaflets?Answer: 1.is up to, 2.resulted in, 3.was charged with, 4.was unlikely, 5.handing out7. Find these words in the passage, decide the word class, and write it and the translation of the word in the space provided. Then complete the table by forming other words using appropriate suffixes if necessary. Consult your dictionary.8. T ranslate the following sentences into English.1. 他理个发就要收500元，简直不可思议。
1.The more I thought about it, however, the more glaring anomission it seemed.可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
2.Meanwhile, a high proportion of media stories about fathersfocus on abusive husbands or deadbeat dads.与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
3.One exception to the "unnecessary father" syndrome is theglowing media attention that at-home dads have received.这种"无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
4.Yet, rather than holding up "ordinary" fathers as positiverole models for the dads of tomorrow, too often society has thrown up its hands and decided that traditional fatherhood is at best obsolete and at worst dangerously reactionary.然而，我们这个社会并没有把“普通”父亲作为正面角色为未来的父亲树立榜样，相反地，却常常持放弃态度，认为传统的父道从最好的方面说是已经过时，从最坏的方面讲就是危险的反动。
1.The truth of the matter is that the Web is no more inherentlydangerous than anything else in the world.其实，万维网并不比世界上其它任何事物更为天然地有害。
大学体验英语项目组《大学体验英语综合教程（4）》（第3版）学习指南Unit2一、词汇短语Passage Aorphanage[]n.孤儿院；孤儿身份【例句】I founded an orphanage last year and feel obliged to take care of those children.去年我创办了一个孤儿院。
我觉得有责任去照顾那些小孩。
sin[]n.罪，罪恶v.犯罪【例句】I guess ignorance must be a sin.我认为无知是一种罪。
【助记】s(形似：蛇)+in(里面)→心如毒蛇→罪孽【派生】sinner n.罪人；有错者linguistic[]adj.语言上的，语言学上的【例句】The ability to write is a supreme test of linguistic competence.写作能力是对语言能力的最高形式的测试。
hale and hearty精神充沛的，矍铄的；老当益壮的，健壮的glamour[]n.魔力，魅力；妖艳vt.迷惑【例句】Do you still think there’s glamour in the advertising business?你是否还认为广告具有诱惑力？【词组】cast a glamour over使迷住，迷住(某人)；给…增添几分魅力【助记】glamour音“哥来摸”→妹妹有魅力，哥来摸。
【派生】glamorous adj.迷人的，富有魅力的impute[]vt.归罪于，归咎于；嫁祸于【例句】Why do you impute selfish motives to her?你为什么说她的动机是自私的？ruddy[]adj.红的；红润的adv.极度；非常vt.使变红vi.变红【例句】That hunter has a ruddy face because he is outdoors so much.那个猎人脸色红润，因为他长期待在户外。
英语复习资料2017年6月8日1AA无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。
我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。
可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。
影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。
新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。
大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。
职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。
与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。
当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。
这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。
我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。
我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子，同样也适应于男子。
Unit3Listen1. exclusive2. fixed3. authorize4. distributor5. raised6. downloading7. products8. ordered it to pay $25 000 9. An exact number of CDs and total damages will be determined at a November hearing 10. We believe that everyone should have the right to listen to the music they purchasethink about it1. This is a controversial issue. On the one hand, those who are positive about it believe that downloading music for free is something that most of us have engaged in one time or another. It is certainly no high crime. Sharing music files online for free is a mini-consumer revolution and boon for artists — it is definitively ethical. On the other hand, those who are against it argue that it's no different from going into the artist's house and stealing his CD off the shelf. By stealing music, you are not only hurting musicians but also breaking the law.2. This question has two different but valid answers. If one answers the question from a strictly legal point of view, copyright infringement is clearly not theft. It is only a violation of one or more specific statutes, violation is different from theft. In general, the legal definition of theft involves the unauthorized taking of another’s property. Even though we use the phrase Intellectual Property rather casually, making a copy of a protected work does not involve taking that property —it involves violating the owners’ right to control copying of the property. Others who are willing to rely on a more informal definition of the word “theft” assert that copyright infringement is theft. It may not meet the standard for statutory theft, but violating someone’s right to control copying at a minimum represents an ethereal opportunity cost, and in many cases tangible economic loss. To the person who finds their work stolen, the feeling of theft is quite real.3. The purpose of copyright law is to promote the progress of useful arts and science by protecting the exclusive right of authors and inventors to benefi t from their works of authorship.Passage A网络版权执法——赚钱之道丹佛——布莱恩•希尔，一位北卡罗来纳州20岁的博主，去年12月在他自己的博客上发布了一张机场保安人员搜身的照片，没想到由此引来了一场法律战。
（全新版）英语综合教程第四册课文英语原文及全文翻译They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand in their way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong. 人道是骄兵必败。
就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧，他们所向披靡，便以为自己战无不胜，不可阻挡。
但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。
The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.冰雪卫士奈拉·B·史密斯1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。
他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。
全新版⼤学英语综合教程第四册unit4课⽂翻译第四版全新版⼤学英语综合教程第四册unit4课⽂翻译（第四版） 导语：在⼤学学习英语的时候，对于全新版⼤学英语综合教程的内容你了如指掌吗?第四册第四课课⽂应该怎么翻译呢?下⾯就让⼩编来告诉你答案。
全新版⼤学英语综合教程第⼆版第四册第四课课⽂翻译1 Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。
这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢?它们会得到加强还是削弱?作者对这些问题进⾏了探讨。
In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the U.S., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $1.6 billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯⼈ 彼得·⽢贝尔 威廉·布劳德出⽣于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长⼤，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福⼤学。
（完整word版）全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand in their way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong. 人道是骄兵必败。
就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧，他们所向披靡，便以为自己战无不胜，不可阻挡。
但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。
The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.冰雪卫士奈拉·B·史密斯1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。
他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。
你是一个版权犯罪者吗?
由于新的扫描和复制技术的应用、以及网络内容的传播。
在准备报告演示时，人们很难避免对他人著作权的侵害。
然而，作家，程序设计员、艺术家和著作权所有人正在学会使用新战术来捍卫自己的权利，而对侵犯他们变得越来越勇敢。
如果你不了解版权规则，你就有可能败诉法庭。
你在工作中是否见到过这样的人。
他们有时是厚颜无耻，有时又很健忘，毫无顾及地进行违法侵权行为。
也许，你也会不知不觉地成为他们中的一员。
他们是版权剽窃者——假冒"迪尔伯特”漫画，从杂志上扫描照片，从网上下载图片，从贸易期刊上复印文章，拷贝音频文件，剪辑视频节目片断或光盘音乐到他们的演示报告和印刷材料里，他们根本就没有理会这样做会践踏他人的著作权。
有些人是明知故犯，他们心存侥幸，认为被卓著的可能性很小，冒险去盗用那些现存的，高质量的内容，这种盗用不费吹灰之力，但回报却是巨大的。
而另一些人则没有意识到对那些已经存在的材料——文章、图片、音乐、歌曲、手稿或电影片段——看似合法地再利用，其实也是侵权行为。
奥特姆?贝尔是一位负责员工训练的专家，经常为新墨西哥大学做宣传演示。
她说过去在为电信公司工作时，他亲眼目睹并参与了许多涉嫌滥用著作权的行为。
在那里，她和经理们一起工作，为了节省钱，经理们就命令下属复印其他公司的训练材料。
她还看到许多下的违章行为，如公然大量复印和散发宣传手册和资料。
在6年时间里，"我从未听人提到版权这个词，”贝尔说。
对那些忙碌的报告人来说是很容易忽略版权的，毕竟，报告准备是有最后期限限制的，报告还须事先排练。
有时候，你前一周在《财富》杂志上读到的文章，获前一天从网上下载的照片正好适合你明天将提交的报告。
——你会去考虑版权许可吗？可谁有时问呢？你或许认为应给予版权人一点象征性的报酬。
或许，你会认为著作权拥有者正希望免费替他做广告，不是么？况且，他们发现的可能性又有多大呢？
但现实是：无论你演示的报告是用在公司内还是给外面的观众看，你被发现违反版权的几率每日都在增加，同样你被罚重金的可能性也与日俱增。
侵害著作权的的法定赔偿金每例可达到20000美元，而且，在某些蓄意侵犯的情况下，由于实际上的损失超过罚金，可以被判高达100000美元的赔偿金。
此外，现在根据美国法律，10各以上的靠背和价值2500美元以上的商业版权侵犯都会定为重罪。
在最近的一个案例中，有个公司被罚了7位数的赔偿金，其原因是未经授权就复印一家贸易期刊上的文章并存档后在内部散发。
在公司林立的美国几乎每天都有类似的侵权行为的发生。
并且，盗版在万维网上的增加使得执证组织，维权团体和其他的版权警察不得不采取行动来捍卫他们版权人的权利。
培训媒体协会—一家培训—录像销售公司的监督机构公布：凡是举报非法复印或未经批准就将现有培训录像"公开放映”的人都能得到10000美元的奖赏。
最近，一个临时职业代理处的雇员向TMA培训媒体协会报告，该处做了4份非法录像拷贝（代理处没有做录像拷贝的执照），并将拷贝发到他的50个办公室使用，为此，这个代理处付出了6位数的庭外和解费用。
联合媒体——"迪尔伯特”漫画的批发商——一直呼吁人们从他们的公开网站上清除非法刊登的"迪尔伯特”漫画。
ASCAP（美国作曲家、作家与出版家协会）和BMI（美国音乐保护机构）也规定凡在公众场所播放受版权保护的音乐必须得到他们的批准。
并声称这一规定适用于大多数商业环境。
据悉，这两家机构将把大型会议中心和旅馆纳入他们巡查的列表之中，以确保那些公共场所播放的，即使是很短的音乐片段，也必须获得许可证。
你认为这些关于滥用版权的讨论过分吗？难道认识到保护好自己以免予起诉的法律只是另一个繁文缛节的一纸公文吗？难道在那些从事报告演示工作的人群中公开的盗版者仅是寥寥无几吗？人们对这些问题的回答，一定会使你大吃一惊。
尽管许多版权滥用案例的影响不大会仅为一些偶然事件，有些忙碌的报告演示人，虽然赞成版权法，但他们有时常忽略版权许可的要求。
另一些报告人对公开放映的版权不甚了解，或者把合理使用的条款延伸到极限。
为撰写本文所作的面谈和调查表明那些经常进行报告演示的人严重缺乏有关版权法的指示。
公布在Listserve网站上为期两月的回顾评论引来的报告演示任何培训人员的不断光顾，观察表明他们中很多人把违犯版权法视为家常便饭，对怎样才是合法使用普遍缺乏了解。
的确，培训媒体协会在1993的调查中发现30%以上的被调查公司资料室的录像是非法拷贝，印好的训练材料中75%以上是非法复印（调查回答为匿名）。
TMA董事长鲍勃?格尔克说或许在调查后的6年时间里情况变得更加糟糕。
格尔克认为，一个典型的著作权侵犯者往往"自认为是一个为公司节省了前的英雄，尤其当公司面临预算紧张时。
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