Computer System Structure
• Computer system can be divided into four components –Hardware – provides basic computing resources • CPU, memory, I/O devices –Operating system • Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various applications and users –Application programs – define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users • Word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video games –Users • People, machines, other computers
1.1.2 操作系统的资源管理技术
资源复用
(解决物理资源数量不足 )
资源管理技术
资源虚化
(解决物理资源数量不足 , 提高服务的能力和水平 )
资源抽象
(处理系统的复杂性,
解决资源的易用性)
1)资源复用
(1)空分复用共享 --该资源可进一步 分割成更多和更小的单位供进程 使用 。
(2)时分复用共享--并不把资源进一 步分割成更小的单位,进程可在 一个时间段内独占使用整个物理 资源。
• Operating system goals:
–Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier