钢产品强度硬度对照表.
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硬度知识一、硬度简介:硬度表示材料抵抗硬物体压入其表面的能力。
它是金属材料的重要性能指标之一。
一般硬度越高,耐磨性越好。
常用的硬度指标有布氏硬度、洛氏硬度和维氏硬度。
1.布氏硬度(HB)以一定的载荷(一般3000kg)把一定大小(直径一般为10mm)的淬硬钢球压入材料表面,保持一段时间,去载后,负荷与其压痕面积之比值,即为布氏硬度值(HB),单位为公斤力/mm2 (N/mm2)。
2.洛氏硬度(HR)当HB>450或者试样过小时,不能采用布氏硬度试验而改用洛氏硬度计量。
它是用一个顶角120°的金刚石圆锥体或直径为1.59、3.18mm的钢球,在一定载荷下压入被测材料表面,由压痕的深度求出材料的硬度。
根据试验材料硬度的不同,分三种不同的标度来表示:•HRA:是采用60kg载荷和钻石锥压入器求得的硬度,用于硬度极高的材料(如硬质合金等)。
•HRB:是采用100kg载荷和直径1.58mm淬硬的钢球,求得的硬度,用于硬度较低的材料(如退火钢、铸铁等)。
•HRC:是采用150kg载荷和钻石锥压入器求得的硬度,用于硬度很高的材料(如淬火钢等)。
3 维氏硬度(HV)以120kg以内的载荷和顶角为136°的金刚石方形锥压入器压入材料表面,用材料压痕凹坑的表面积除以载荷值,即为维氏硬度HV值(kgf/mm2)。
############################################################################################# 注:洛氏硬度中HRA、HRB、HRC等中的A、B、C为三种不同的标准,称为标尺A、标尺B、标尺C。
洛氏硬度试验是现今所使用的几种普通压痕硬度试验之一,三种标尺的初始压力均为98.07N(合10kgf),最后根据压痕深度计算硬度值。
标尺A使用的是球锥菱形压头,然后加压至588.4N(合60kgf);标尺B使用的是直径为1.588mm(1/16英寸)的钢球作为压头,然后加压至980.7N(合100kgf);而标尺C使用与标尺A相同的球锥菱形作为压头,但加压后的力是1471N(合150kgf)。
抗拉强度与硬度公司专营宝钢产品:冷板、热板、镀锌板. :021-******** 宝钢资源抗拉强度与硬度对照表抗拉强度N/mm2 维氏硬度布氏硬度洛氏硬度抗拉强度N/mm2维氏硬度布氏硬度洛氏硬度Rm HV HB HRB Rm HV HB HRB 250 80 76 1125 350 333 35.5 270 85 80.7 1115 360 342 36.6 285 90 85.2 1190 370 352 37.7 305 95 90.2 1220 380 361 38.8 320 100 95 1255 390 371 39.8 335 105 99.8 1290 400 380 40.8 350 110 105 1320 410 390 41.8 370 115 109 1350 420 399 42.7 380 120 114 1385 430 409 43.6 400 125 119 1420 440 418 44.5415 130 124 1455 450 428 45.3 430 135 128 1485 460 437 46.1 450 140 133 1520 470 447 46.9 465 145 138 1555 480 456 47 480 150 143 1595 490 466 48.4 490 155 147 1630 500 475 49.1 510 160 152 1665 510 485 49.8 530 165 156 1700 520 494 50.5 545 170 162 1740 530 504 51.1 560 175 166 1775 540 513 51.7 575 180 171 1810 550 523 52.3 595 185 176 1845 560 532 53 610 190 181 1880 570 542 53.6 625 195 185 1920 580 551 54.1 640 200 190 1955 590 561 54.7 660 205 195 1995 600 570 55.2675 210 199 2030 610 580 55.7 690 215 204 2070 620 589 56.3 705 220 209 2105 630 599 56.8 720 225 214 2145 640 608 57.3 740 230 219 2180 650 618 57.8 755 235 223 660 58.3 770 240 228 20.3 670 58.8 785 245 233 21.3 680 59.2 800 250 238 22.2 690 59.7 820 255 242 23.1 700 60.1 835 260 247 24 720 61 850 265 252 24.8 740 61.8 865 270 257 25.6 760 62.5 880 275 261 26.4 780 63.3 900 280 266 27.1 800 64 915 285 271 27.8 820 64.7930 290 276 28.5 840 65.3950 295 280 29.2 860 65.9965 300 285 29.8 880 66.4995 310 295 31 900 671030 320 304 32.2 920 67.51060 330 314 33.3 940 681095 340 323 34.4* HRB St12=65 St13=55 St14=50硬度试验是机械性能试验中最简单易行的一种试验方法。
抗拉强度与维氏、布氏、洛氏的硬度对照表根据德国标准DIN50150, 以下是常用范围的钢材抗拉强度与维氏硬度、布氏硬度、洛氏硬度的对照表。
抗拉强度Rm N/mm2 维氏硬度HV 布氏硬度HB 洛氏硬度HRC250 80 76.0 - 270 85 80.7 - 285 90 85.2 - 305 95 90.2 - 320 100 95.0 - 335 105 99.8 - 350 110 105 - 370 115 109 - 380 120 114 - 400 125 119 - 415 130 124 - 430 135 128 -450 140 133 - 465 145 138 - 480 150 143 - 490 155 147 - 510 160 152 - 530 165 156 - 545 170 162 - 560 175 166 - 575 180 171 - 595 185 176 - 610 190 181 - 625 195 185 - 640 200 190 - 660 205 195 - 675 210 199 - 690 215 204 - 705 220 209 -720 225 214 - 740 230 219 - 755 235 223 - 770 240 228 20.3 785 245 233 21.3 800 250 238 22.2 820 255 242 23.1 835 260 247 24.0 850 265 252 24.8 865 270 257 25.6 880 275 261 26.4 900 280 266 27.1 915 285 271 27.8 930 290 276 28.5 950 295 280 29.2 965 300 285 29.8 995 310 295 31.01030 320 304 32.2 1060 330 314 33.3 1095 340 323 34.4 1125 350 333 35.5 1115 360 342 36.6 1190 370 352 37.7 1220 380 361 38.8 1255 390 371 39.8 1290 400 380 40.8 1320 410 390 41.8 1350 420 399 42.7 1385 430 409 43.6 1420 440 418 44.5 1455 450 428 45.3 1485 460 437 46.1 1520 470 447 46.9 1555 480 (456 47.71595 490 (466 48.4 1630 500 (475 49.1 1665 510 (485 49.8 1700 520 (494 50.5 1740 530 (504 51.1 1775 540 (513 51.7 1810 550 (523 52.3 1845 560 (532 53.0 1880 570 (542 53.6 1920 580 (551 54.1 1955 590 (561 54.7 1995 600 (570 55.2 2030 610 (580 55.7 2070 620 (589 56.3 2105 630 (599 56.8 2145 640 (608 57.3 2180 650 (618 57.8660 670 680 690 700 720 740 760 780 800 820 840 860 880 900 920 940 58.3 58.8 59.2 59.7 60.1 61.0 61.8 62.5 63.3 64.0 64.7 65.3 65.9 66.4 67.0 67.5 68.0硬度试验是机械性能试验中最简单易行的一种试验方法。
根据德国尺度DIN50150,以下是经常使用范围的钢材抗拉强度与维氏硬度、布氏硬度、洛氏硬度的对照表。
之勘阻及广创作
HB有两种一种是HBS(钢球)另一种是HBW(硬质合金球)用一定直径的钢球或硬质合金球,以规定的试验力(F)压入式样
概况,经规定坚持时间后卸除试验力,丈量试样概况的压痕直径(L)。
布氏硬度值是以试验力除以压痕球形概况积所得的商。
以HBS(钢球)暗示,单位为N/mm2(MPa)。
其计算公式为:
式中:F--压入金属试样概况的试验力,N;
D--试验用钢球直径,mm;
d--压痕平均直径,mm。
测定布氏硬度较准确可靠,但一般HBS只适用于450N/mm2(MPa)以下的金属资料,对于较硬的钢或较薄的板材不适用。
在钢管尺度中,布氏硬度用途最广,往往以压痕直径d来暗示该资料的硬度,既直观,又方便。
布氏硬度试验还可用于有色金属和软钢,采取小直径球压头可以丈量小尺寸和较绵力料。
布氏硬度计多用于原资料和半成品的检测,由于压痕较大,一般不必于成
品检测。
举例:120HBS10/1000/30:暗示用直径10mm钢球在1000Kgf (9.807KN)试验力作用下,坚持30s(秒)测得的布氏硬度值为
120N/ mm2(MPa)。
HBS是布氏硬度的一种,现在已经不在采取,测试尺度已经更
改,HBS是钢球头,而现在均采取HBW即
HB,硬质合金钢球,橡胶邵氏硬度为HA或HD,HA为软橡胶,HD为硬
橡胶。
强度\硬度换算表序号洛氏硬度HRC洛氏硬度HRA表面洛氏硬度HR15N表面洛氏硬度HR30N表面洛氏硬度HR45N维氏硬度HV布氏硬度HB30D2布氏硬度d10、2d5、4d2.5mm抗拉强度σbMPa碳钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钒钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬锰硅钢抗拉强度σbMPa超高强度钢抗拉强度σbMPa不锈钢抗拉强度σbMPa不分钢种117.67.337.915.62112114.1573.6706705772726757703724217.567.638.416.22142144.1374.4714712775731763711731318.67.838.916.82162164.11753723719779737769719737418.568.39.317.42182184.09762731727783743776728744519.68.339.818.221224.07771739735788749782737752619.568.540.318.62232224.0578748743792755789745759720.68.840.719.22262254.0379757751797761796754767820.569.41.219.82292274.02799766759802768803764774921.69.341.720.42312274.0809775767807775817737821 021.69.542.221.232323.97819785776813782817782791541 122.69.842.621.52372343.958297947858197898257927991 222.570.43.122.1242373.938398047948257978328028081 323.70.343.622.7243243.91849814803831805848128161 423.570.644.23.32462423.89868248138388138488228251 524.70.844.523.92492453.87878348238458218568328351 624.571.145.24.52522483.85881844833852838658438441 725.71.445.525.12552513.83892855843868388748538541 825.571.645.925.72582543.89038658538688478668828648641 926.71.946.426.32612573.789148768648768578768928758742 026.572.246.926.9264263.769268878758848678869018858842 127.72.447.327.52682633.74937898886893877897918978952 227.572.747.828.12712663.72949909897902887907929089062 328.73.48.328.72742693.796192909912897918939199172 428.573.348.729.32782733.67972932921922908939419319282273.49.29.227 3.698949393919495949459.052981654332911202 629.573.849.730.5285283.639979559469429319539629549512 730.74.150.231.12982833.6110099679599539439669739669642 830.574.450.631.72922873.5910219799729649559789859789762 931.74.751.132.32962913.561034991985976967991996999893 031.574.951.632.932943.54104710049999889810051008100310013 132.75.252.33.5342983.52106010161013100199310181020101510153 232.575.552.534.1383023.51073102910271013100710321033102810283 333.75.853.34.73123063.481086104210421027102010471046104110423 433.576.153.435.3316313.461100105510571040103510621059105410563 534.76.453.935.9323143.431113106810721054104910771073106710703 634.576.754.436.53243183.411127108210881069106410921086108110853 735.77.54.837.3293233.391141109511041084107911081101109511003 835.577.255.337.63333273.371156110911201099109511251115110911153 936.77.555.838.23383323.341170112411361115111111411130112311314 036.577.856.238.83423363.32118511381153113111281158114611381147序号洛氏硬度HRC洛氏硬度HRA表面洛氏硬度HR15N表面洛氏硬度HR30N表面洛氏硬度HR45N维氏硬度HV布氏硬度HB30D2布氏硬度d10、2d5、4d2.5mm抗拉强度σbMPa碳钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钒钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬锰硅钢抗拉强度σbMPa超高强度钢抗拉强度σbMPa不锈钢抗拉强度σbMPa不分钢种4 137.78.156.739.43473413.31200115311711148114411761161115311634 237.578.457.240.3523453.281215116811881165116211941177116811804 338.78.757.640.6357353.261231118412061182117912121194118411974 438.579.58.141.23623553.2412461199122512001197123112111193120012144 539.70.79.358.641.8367363.2112631216124312191216125012281218121612324 639.570.379.659.42.43723653.1912791232126212381235127012461243123312504 740.70.579.959.543.377373.1712961249128212571254129012641267125012684 840.570.880.260.43.63823753.1512131267130212771274131012831291126812874 941.71.80.560.444.238383.1313311284132212981294133113021315128613070185 041.571.380.860.944.83933853.1113481303134313191315135313221339130513275 142.71.681.161.345.43993913.0913671322136413401336137513421362132513475 242.571.881.461.845.9453963.0713861341138513621357139713621385134513685 343.72.181.762.346.54114013.0514051361140713851379142013841409136613895 443.572.482.62.747.14174073.0314251382142914081402144314051432138714115 544.72.682.363.247.74234133.0114451403145214311425146714271455141014345 644.572.982.663.648.34294182.9914661426147514551448149114501478143314575 745.73.282.964.148.94364242.9714881448149814801472151614741502145714805 845.573.483.264.649.5443432.9515101472152215051497154114981526148215045 946.73.783.565.50.14494362.9315331497154715311522156715221550150815296 046.573.983.765.550.74564422.9115561522157215571547159315471575153515556 147.74.284.65.951.24634492.8915811549159715841573162015731600156315816 247.574.584.366.451.8474552.8716061576162316121599164816001625159216086 348.74.784.666.852.44784612.85163116051649164016261676162716521623163564784.67.53.446 2.81616161616171616161648.55.9308583583575695404547955636 549.75.385.267.753.64934742.8116861666170216981682173316831707168816926 649.575.585.568.254.2514812.7917141698173017281710176217121735172317226 750.75.885.768.654.7594882.7717441731175817581739179317421765175917536 850.576.186.69.155.34174942.75176717871790176918231773179517856 951.76.386.369.555.95255012.73180318161821179918541804182718177 051.576.686.670.56.5534184118451854183018861836186018517 152.76.986.870.457.1543188118751887186119181870189418857 252.577.187.170.957.655119061920189319511903193019217 353.77.487.471.358.256119371955192519851938196719577 453.577.787.671.858.857196819901974200519957 554.77.987.972.259.4579200020252010204520347 654.578.287.672.659.9589203320612048208720747 755.78.588.473.160.5599206620982086213121157 855.578.788.673.561.169217721577 956.79.88.973.961.762222422018 056.579.389.174.462.263122742246序号洛氏硬度HRC洛氏硬度HRA表面洛氏硬度HR15N表面洛氏硬度HR30N表面洛氏硬度HR45N维氏硬度HV布氏硬度HB30D2布氏硬度d10、2d5、4d2.5mm抗拉强度σbMPa碳钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钒钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬锰硅钢抗拉强度σbMPa超高强度钢抗拉强度σbMPa不锈钢抗拉强度σbMPa不分钢种8 157.79.589.474.862.8642232622938 257.579.889.675.263.4653238023418 358.80.189.875.663.9664243723918 458.580.390.76.164.5676249624438 559.80.690.276.565.1688255824968 659.580.990.476.965.67262325518 760.81.290.677.366.2713269126078 860.81.90.877.766.8725468 961.81.791.78.167.37399 061.582.91.278.667.97529 162.82.291.479.68.47669 262.582.591.579.469.789 363.82.891.779.869.57959 463.583.191.880.270.1819 564.83.391.980.670.68259 664.583.692.181.71.2849 765.83.992.281.371.78569 865.584.18729 966.84.48891 0 066.584.7961 0 167.85.9231 0 267.585.294116890 38.5.5591 0 468.585.89781 0 569.86.19971 0 669.586.31171 0 770.86.6137。
强度\硬度换算表序号洛氏硬度HRC洛氏硬度HRA表面洛氏硬度HR15N表面洛氏硬度HR30N表面洛氏硬度HR45N维氏硬度HV布氏硬度HB30D2布氏硬度d10、2d5、4d2.5mm抗拉强度σbMPa碳钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钒钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬锰硅钢抗拉强度σbMPa超高强度钢抗拉强度σbMPa不锈钢抗拉强度σbMPa不分钢种117.67.337.915.62112114.1573.6706705772726757703724217.567.638.416.22142144.1374.4714712775731763711731318.67.838.916.82162164.11753723719779737769719737418.568.39.317.42182184.09762731727783743776728744519.68.339.818.221224.07771739735788749782737752619.568.540.318.62232224.0578748743792755789745759720.68.840.719.22262254.0379757751797761796754767820.569.41.219.82292274.02799766759802768803764774921.69.341.720.42312274.0809775767807775817737821 021.69.542.221.232323.97819785776813782817782791541 122.69.842.621.52372343.958297947858197898257927991 222.570.43.122.1242373.938398047948257978328028081 323.70.343.622.7243243.91849814803831805848128161 423.570.644.23.32462423.89868248138388138488228251 524.70.844.523.92492453.87878348238458218568328351 624.571.145.24.52522483.85881844833852838658438441 725.71.445.525.12552513.83892855843868388748538541 825.571.645.925.72582543.89038658538688478668828648641 926.71.946.426.32612573.789148768648768578768928758742 026.572.246.926.9264263.769268878758848678869018858842 127.72.447.327.52682633.74937898886893877897918978952 227.572.747.828.12712663.72949909897902887907929089062 328.73.48.328.72742693.796192909912897918939199172 428.573.348.729.32782733.67972932921922908939419319282273.49.29.227 3.698949393919495949459.052981654332911202 629.573.849.730.5285283.639979559469429319539629549512 730.74.150.231.12982833.6110099679599539439669739669642 830.574.450.631.72922873.5910219799729649559789859789762 931.74.751.132.32962913.561034991985976967991996999893 031.574.951.632.932943.54104710049999889810051008100310013 132.75.252.33.5342983.52106010161013100199310181020101510153 232.575.552.534.1383023.51073102910271013100710321033102810283 333.75.853.34.73123063.481086104210421027102010471046104110423 433.576.153.435.3316313.461100105510571040103510621059105410563 534.76.453.935.9323143.431113106810721054104910771073106710703 634.576.754.436.53243183.411127108210881069106410921086108110853 735.77.54.837.3293233.391141109511041084107911081101109511003 835.577.255.337.63333273.371156110911201099109511251115110911153 936.77.555.838.23383323.341170112411361115111111411130112311314 036.577.856.238.83423363.32118511381153113111281158114611381147序号洛氏硬度HRC洛氏硬度HRA表面洛氏硬度HR15N表面洛氏硬度HR30N表面洛氏硬度HR45N维氏硬度HV布氏硬度HB30D2布氏硬度d10、2d5、4d2.5mm抗拉强度σbMPa碳钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钒钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬锰硅钢抗拉强度σbMPa超高强度钢抗拉强度σbMPa不锈钢抗拉强度σbMPa不分钢种4 137.78.156.739.43473413.31200115311711148114411761161115311634 237.578.457.240.3523453.281215116811881165116211941177116811804 338.78.757.640.6357353.261231118412061182117912121194118411974 438.579.58.141.23623553.2412461199122512001197123112111193120012144 539.70.79.358.641.8367363.2112631216124312191216125012281218121612324 639.570.379.659.42.43723653.1912791232126212381235127012461243123312504 740.70.579.959.543.377373.1712961249128212571254129012641267125012684 840.570.880.260.43.63823753.1512131267130212771274131012831291126812874 941.71.80.560.444.238383.1313311284132212981294133113021315128613070185 041.571.380.860.944.83933853.1113481303134313191315135313221339130513275 142.71.681.161.345.43993913.0913671322136413401336137513421362132513475 242.571.881.461.845.9453963.0713861341138513621357139713621385134513685 343.72.181.762.346.54114013.0514051361140713851379142013841409136613895 443.572.482.62.747.14174073.0314251382142914081402144314051432138714115 544.72.682.363.247.74234133.0114451403145214311425146714271455141014345 644.572.982.663.648.34294182.9914661426147514551448149114501478143314575 745.73.282.964.148.94364242.9714881448149814801472151614741502145714805 845.573.483.264.649.5443432.9515101472152215051497154114981526148215045 946.73.783.565.50.14494362.9315331497154715311522156715221550150815296 046.573.983.765.550.74564422.9115561522157215571547159315471575153515556 147.74.284.65.951.24634492.8915811549159715841573162015731600156315816 247.574.584.366.451.8474552.8716061576162316121599164816001625159216086 348.74.784.666.852.44784612.85163116051649164016261676162716521623163564784.67.53.446 2.81616161616171616161648.55.9308583583575695404547955636 549.75.385.267.753.64934742.8116861666170216981682173316831707168816926 649.575.585.568.254.2514812.7917141698173017281710176217121735172317226 750.75.885.768.654.7594882.7717441731175817581739179317421765175917536 850.576.186.69.155.34174942.75176717871790176918231773179517856 951.76.386.369.555.95255012.73180318161821179918541804182718177 051.576.686.670.56.5534184118451854183018861836186018517 152.76.986.870.457.1543188118751887186119181870189418857 252.577.187.170.957.655119061920189319511903193019217 353.77.487.471.358.256119371955192519851938196719577 453.577.787.671.858.857196819901974200519957 554.77.987.972.259.4579200020252010204520347 654.578.287.672.659.9589203320612048208720747 755.78.588.473.160.5599206620982086213121157 855.578.788.673.561.169217721577 956.79.88.973.961.762222422018 056.579.389.174.462.263122742246序号洛氏硬度HRC洛氏硬度HRA表面洛氏硬度HR15N表面洛氏硬度HR30N表面洛氏硬度HR45N维氏硬度HV布氏硬度HB30D2布氏硬度d10、2d5、4d2.5mm抗拉强度σbMPa碳钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钒钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬镍钼钢抗拉强度σbMPa铬锰硅钢抗拉强度σbMPa超高强度钢抗拉强度σbMPa不锈钢抗拉强度σbMPa不分钢种8 157.79.589.474.862.8642232622938 257.579.889.675.263.4653238023418 358.80.189.875.663.9664243723918 458.580.390.76.164.5676249624438 559.80.690.276.565.1688255824968 659.580.990.476.965.67262325518 760.81.290.677.366.2713269126078 860.81.90.877.766.8725468 961.81.791.78.167.37399 061.582.91.278.667.97529 162.82.291.479.68.47669 262.582.591.579.469.789 363.82.891.779.869.57959 463.583.191.880.270.1819 564.83.391.980.670.68259 664.583.692.181.71.2849 765.83.992.281.371.78569 865.584.18729 966.84.48891 0 066.584.7961 0 167.85.9231 0 267.585.294116890 38.5.5591 0 468.585.89781 0 569.86.19971 0 669.586.31171 0 770.86.6137。