8B U 2 grammar

【教学目标】1. 学会正确使用have/has been 禾口have/has gone 。

2. 理解短暂性动词和延续性动词的不同用法，以及他们之间的转换。

3. 会根据不同语境选择使用短暂性动词和延续性动词。

4. 学会短暂性动词在与for和since连用时的变化形式。

5. 加深对现在完成时的理解。

【教学重点、难点】学会正确使用have/has been和have/has gone。

学会正确使用短暂性动词和延续性动词【课前准备】判断正误：将错误的地方划出来，并在括号内订正。

1.1 have gone to Japa n before. ( )2. The scenery of Mount Fuji is very beautiful. I have bee n to there three times.( )3. His father has been to Beijing. He won ' t be back until next week )4. How long has Kitty gone in Hong Kong? ( )【教学过程】Step 1 :Prese nti onWe use ‘ have /has bee n ' to express the idea that some one went to someplace and has already come back.I have bee n to En gla nd twice. (Where am I no w/Am I still in En gla nd?)Millie, can you go to office to bring me the chair?Where' s Millie? She is on the way to the office, or maybe she is in the office.She has gone to the office. And she will come back in a few minu tes.We use ‘ have /has gone ' to express the idea that some one went to someplace and is still there.Step 2: Practisi ngDaniel is asking Millie about traveling. Complete the conversation on page 31 with thecorrect forms of the verbs in brackets.Step 3: Fin ish ing exercisesCorrect the mistakes1. Millie has gone to South Hill many times.2. Where ' s y(father? He has been to the library.3. When have you bee n to Hong Kong?4. Kitty has bee n to Hong Kong for two days.Step4:小组合作ago, since 禾口for 的用法(1) ago只能用于过去时，放于段时间后。

8B Unit 2 TravelingGrammar鲁河中学陈寿红1.To recognize and use the past continuous tenseTeaching procedures:Step 1 Review the use of the present continuous tense. Give a few examples talking about what students are doing at the present moment. Remind students how we form the present continuous tense: verb ‘be’ + the ‘-ing’ form of the verb.Step 2 Give some examples using the past continuous tense. Explain the difference between the simple past tense and the past continuous tense. Tell students that the simple past tense is used for a completed action in the past. The past continuous tense is used to describe an ongoing situation in the past. Explain that we form the past continuous tense by putting ‘was’ or ‘were’ before the ‘-ing’ form of the ve rb.Step 3 Explain the context of Part A1. Kitty is asking Simon what was happening in the computer room yesterday. Ask students to complete it on their own. Tell less able students that they have to put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous tense. When students have finished the exercise, select two more able students to role-play the conversation. Write the correct forms of the verbs on the board.Step 4 Tell students that when we ask questions about what people were doing, we use the past cont inuous tense, e.g., ‘Were you watching TV?’.Step 5 Go through the tables on page 28, focusing on question forms. Ask a few questions to check understanding.Step 6 Explain the context of Part A2. Daniel is asking Millie about her holiday. Ask students to complete the exercise on their own. When students have finished, ask tow more able students to role-play the conversation. Write the correct forms of the verbs on the board..一用所给词的适当形式填空1 They _______________ (plan) a day out for Nancy at that time.2 ---What were you doing?—I ______________(drive) my sister to school.3 ---What ______Kitty ________(do) at 10 a.m. yesterday?---She ______________(dance) in that room.4Your cousin _________________(not play) football when I saw him.5Later I found my friend ___________(work) on the Internet.二改写句子1 Sandy was writing a letter to Millie.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)__________________________________________________________________________2 My mother was making a birthday cake at this time yesterday.(否定句)_______________________________________________________3 Amy is drawing a picture of Beijing Zoo. I saw Amy just now.(用when连成一句)________________________________________________________________4 Mary was cleaning her bedroom at 8 p.m. yesterday.(划线提问)_______________________________________________5 About 40 students were searching the Internet in the computer room at that time last Friday.(同上)_______________________________________________________________________________ 三完成对话A: What______ your mother ________ when you came back?B: She ______ _______ the meal in the kitchen.A: ________ your sister _______ the piano?B: No, she ______ _______ an apple.A: What about your father?B: He _______ _______ on the sofa, listening to the music.A: That means you _______ back home latest in your family yesterday.B: Yes. I always ________ back home latest.。

8 下Unit2 TravellingThe 4th period GrammarEditor : Proofreader:Class: Name:一、Learning Objectives(学习目标)●To use verbs with for and since.二、self-study preview(自学预习)(一). Task(自学任务)1. have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法⑴have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。

例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.▲此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farmhave been here (there) / abroad⑵have(has)been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。

可与just, ever, never 等连用，I have just been to the post office.Mary has never been to the Great Wall.Have you ever been to Hangzhou?▲have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。

：I have been to Beijing three times.。

They have been to that village several times.⑶have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。

总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。

2、短暂性转换延续性现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

★思维导图★语法：动名词1 动名词的基本形式：动词原形+ing；否定式：not +动词原形+ing。

动名词是由“动词原形+ing”构成，它在句中可作多种成分。

变化规则1)一般在词尾加ing。

buy-buying wait-waiting rain-raining2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing。

use-using ride-riding3)以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing。

begin-beginning cut-cutting4)少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。

die-dying lie-lying tie-tying5)以oe, ee, ye结尾的动词，直接在词尾加ing。

see-seeing flee-fleeing2 动名词在句中的作用：（1）作主语。

如：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

注意：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

（2）作表语。

如：Her Job is teaching English. 她的工作是教英语。

（3）作宾语。

如：I like travelling very much. 我很喜欢旅游。

（4）作定语。

如：This is our reading room. 这是我们的阅览室。

3 习惯接动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practise等。

如：My sister enjoys playing tennis. 我姐姐喜欢打网球。

Do you mind opening the window? 你介意开窗吗？4 动名词也可以在短语动词和介词后作宾语，习惯接动名词作宾语的短语有：be afraid of, be busy, be good at, be interested in, be worth, feel like, how / what about, look forward to, pay attention to, succeed in, think of等。