下载文档原格式
会议口译中主要是涉及长期记忆（Long Term Memroy - LTM)和短期记忆（Short Term Memory- STM)。
下面是关于会议口译记忆训练的一些基本方法，与大家一起探讨。
LTM(Long Term Memory) 和STM(Short Term Memory)在口译中的区别:LTM在口译中主要指的是Consec Interpreting STM主要是指SI中使用到的记忆里。
两者是相互比较而言的，但同时其实两者也并不是划分如此的清晰，人的大脑的记忆过程也都是STM和LTM共同作用的结果。
所以口译中谈论的这两种记忆同心理学研究的人类大脑的记忆过程的概念还是有所区别的。
交替传译在交替传译中通常情况下演讲人在结束一段演讲后停顿由口译员进行翻译，演讲的内容则根据项常情况，演讲人又有所不同。
但是作为口译员的训练，则必须为最坏的情况做好打算。
在最初阶段建议采用短篇经过改写的文章作为训练材料，进行复述联系。
时间大约掌握在5-6分钟。
注意在开始阶段的时候不宜采用复杂内容，或者书面的文章进行训练。
任何一种技能的掌握都是有一个循序渐进的过程。
口译的训练同样也是，他还是一个信心培养的过程。
更多的接受培训的朋友我想在英文方面还是薄弱环节，同样包括那些自我感觉良好的情况在内，在英文表达方面还有很长的路要走。
所以开始简单材料，但是应该有一定的逻辑性。
逻辑在口译中一个最令人头痛的环节，你会发现自己把文章的内容已经做到了80%但是老外还是迷惑，有时候一个小的连接词，或者内容衔接上的差别，都会造成错误的理解。
所以训练中这同样也是一个不可忽略的环节。
书面的内容应该经过改写再来作为练习材料。
改写的目的是使文章更符合口语的习惯，口译在最初阶段的练习的目标应该是保证大的框架的完整，逻辑的清晰。
这一阶段应该保证相当的训练量。
保证至少4个小时每天的训练量，基本上两个星期，直到感觉处理内容比较顺手-前提需要考核自己复述的内容的质量。
口译记忆训练方法很多刚学口译的同学，往往只能记住发言的第一句和最后一句话。
如何才能改善自己的“口译记忆”呢?下面是店铺为大家收集关于口译记忆训练方法，欢迎借鉴参考。
记忆力在口译中的作用口译人员处于交谈者双方之间，而且是必不可少的中间人。
口译者要有坚实的外语基础,这些基础包括:良好的听力,较强的理解力,惊人的瞬时记忆力和清楚的表达能力。
只有这样的基础,项目口译才能将译语 (target text) 的信息以恰当的方式用原语 (source language) 再现出来。
也就是说这四个方面构成了项目口译的四个阶段,即:听懂、理解、记忆和表达。
人脑存贮语言符号的能力是有限的,人脑瞬时记忆贮存的能力更有限,对于口译来说这种记忆能力还常取决于译语水平的高低、语言转换能力、心理素质等多方面的因素。
所以要通过反复训练来培养这种记忆能力,尤其是瞬时记忆能力。
为什么“记忆力”对口译很重要?口译人员需要有非凡的记忆力，这完全是由口译工作的特定性质所决定的。
一方面，口译过程中，译员不可能查阅词典、资料、书籍等，译员必须记住大量的词汇，缩略词和成语、典故等，如：画蛇添足to paint the lily;用小虾钓大鱼 to throw as prat to catch a whale 等等。
有些成语译员能记住故事则更好，如“东施效颦”译成“Tung Shi imitates Xi Shi”，外国人恐怕很难理解，译员如加上解释，口译的效果就会很好。
：Xi Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient kingdom of Yue. Tung Shi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways. Theugly imitates the beautiful in such a distorted way that the ugliness of the ugly becomes even worse.另一方面，译员要把演讲者所讲的内容忠实、详尽地用一种语言表达出来，需要有相当好的记忆力。
口译短期记忆训练有什么方法短期记忆对于有些人天生博闻强记，但是后天的训练也可以改善短期记忆力的，下面由店铺给你带来关于口译短期记忆训练方法，希望对你有帮助!口译短期记忆训练方法一、信息视觉化和现实化训练这种训练是针对大脑对意像语料的敏感性而设计的，旨在训练译员通过将信息内容现实化、视觉化来记忆信息的能力。
比如听到以下一段内容：I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang, interrrupting our conversaiton. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day and –poof! –I became invisible, absent from the conversation. The park was filled with people talking on their cell phones. They were passing other people without looking at them, saying hello, noticing their babies or stopping to pet their puppies. Evidently, the untethered electronic voice is preferable to human contact.听到这一段生动形象的描述之后，译员便可在头脑中勾画这样一副图景：自己正与一位朋友在公园中散步、闲谈。
突然，谈话被朋友的手机打断。
然后放眼四周，发现到处是只顾自己拿着手机讲话而无暇互相交流的人们。
译员就这样通过现实化、形象化的方法将一篇复杂的描写转化成生活中一个再熟悉不过的镜头摄入了头脑。
然后，译员再用译语将眼前的这幅图景按照自己的方式描述出来即可。
《口译》课程教学大纲课程名称：《口译》课程类别：专业核心课考核类别：考查适用对象：本科适用专业：英语总学时、学分：36学时2学分一、课程教学目的英语口译是为英语专业高年级学生开设的一门进行双语转换的基本技能训练课程。
通过讲授口译的工作程序和基本原理及训练的原则和方法，使学生在各个技能实践的基础上具有良好的记忆，快速的反应，宽广的知识面，良好的组织和表达能力等。
本课程主要目标是帮助学生掌握口译的基本技能：记忆、笔记、综述、信息的快速分析、数字转换、连贯的表达等等，以及掌握不同口译场合所需的应对策略。
二、课程教学要求通过讲授口译基本理论、口译背景知识以及对学生进行口译基本技巧的训练，结合口译实践，使学生掌握口译的基本理论和专题连续传译的技能，初步学会口译记忆方法、口译笔记、口头概述、公众演讲等基本技巧和口译基本策略，培养学生的话语分析能力，提高学生的逻辑思维能力、语言组织能力和双语表达能力。
注意培养学生关心时事的信息意识，积累知识，掌握文献检索、资料查询的基本方法，提高各项交际技能综合运用的能力，提高学生的综合人文素质。
三、先修课程本课程应是在听、说、译都具备较高水平的基础上进行学习的，在此之前就需要进行听力、口语、翻译理论与实践等相关课程的学习。
四、课程教学重、难点重点：口译课程的重点在于口译核心技能的单项训练，以及多主题多题材的口译综合训练。
课程通过大量模拟练习，使学生熟练掌握基本技能，积累各类主题的口译知识。
难点：由于多数同学没有口译实战经验，因此授课过程中的难点体现在：（1）如何使学生们身临其境地感受到口译实战的要求及压力，从而学会适应口译现场要求，养成良好的临场应变技能；（2）如何解决“听得懂但译不出”的普遍问题；（3）如何解决“听到但记不下笔记，不会记笔记”的问题；（4）如何解决“记得下但看不懂、译不准”的问题；（5）如何有效识别、获取和翻译主要信息，而不停滞于某个具体单词的口译上；（6）如何将数字与所代表的内容正确地结合在一起；（7）如何迅速准确地进行双语转换的问题；（8）如何通过储备大量百科知识，为各类口译夯实基础的问题。
口译教程U N I T2第二单元教案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIANUNIT 2 第二单元教案来源：口译-学院精品课程作者：Jay J YangMemoria Technica (II)口译记忆（二)Unit Objective (单元目标)After reading this unit you should☆ understand the process of memorization.☆ master the “Memoria Technica”.Warm-up (准备)1. Two students are requested to sit at the Interpreting Desk or Booth, acting as interpretors of the class. Their performance is evaluated and graded by instructor.2.One or Two students are asked to present a piece of news or a weather forecast of the week.Theory of Interpretation II (口译理论二)口译记忆过程：源语信息编码+信息存储+信息提取+译语信息解码口译记忆方法：源语复述；总结概括；逻辑整理；影子练习。
Memoria Technica (记忆法)Listen to the following sentences, and try to catch the key words and details, then repeat as accurately as possible:A. Two sentences repeating::Sentences from Textbook Unit One as a part of review:1.20 years ago, almost to the day, President Ronald Reagan spoke at thisuniversity and expressed the essence of economic and political freedom.pared t o President Nixon’s, or even President reagon’s day, many Chinesecitizens are now freer to make their own ways of life ---- to choose carers, toaquire property, and to travel.3.China’s economic success has also come about through far greater integrationinto the world economy. In the last decades, your country has emerged asmajor exporter of all kinds of manufactured goods, from heavy machinery,to computers, to toys.Sentences prepared by instructor:4.The European colonists first sailed west to America and founded their firstsettlements on the Atlantic Coast.5.The United States became the World’s first modern democracy after its breakwith Great Britain in 1776 and the adoption of a constitution in 1789.6.Congress is the legislative branch of the Union. It consists of two houses: theHouse of representatives and the Senate. according the constitution, the twohouses are of equal importance and check each other.7.The US has the most technologically powerful, diverse, advanced and largesteconomy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $33,900.8.Lishui College is co-administrated by the Provincial Education Commission andthe city government.9.China’s institutions of higher learning are classified as comprehensiveuniversities, science and engineering universities and specialized institutes.10.At present, Chinese educational system can be divided into four stages.Preschool education refers to the period of going to nurseries andkindergartens. School age begins at 6. Primary education lasts for 6 years, sodoes the secondary education. It takes 4 years for students to finish tertiaryeducation.11.In kindergartens, children are mainly taught some basic morals, such ashonesty, courage, discipline, cooperation and good manners, and basicknowledge of simple arithmetic, drawing, singing and dancing.12.Lishui 2nd Middle School is a key school of the province. The major coursesstudents take are Chinese, Mathematics, English, Politics, History, Geography, Biology, physics, Chemistry, physical Culture, Music and Fine Arts.13.The former Lishui TeacherCollege was founded in 1978. It was upgraded intothe LishuiUniversity last year. There are now about 8000 students ofundergraduates. Most of them are residential.14.Universities have been undergoing some educational reforms in recent years.An obvious method is to adopt credit system, which allows students tograduate ahead of schedule when they complete the regulated credits.15.Starting from a few years ago,, students have to pay for their schooling in theform of tuition fee. In order to encourage students to study hard,Universities grants scholarship at different levels with a total coverage of70%.B. Retelling an article:A SpeechOn behalf of Oxford University , I would like to thank you for all you have done for us. Ever since we arrived, we have been enjoying nothing but the warmest friendship and hospitality. You have opened your hearts as well as your homes to us. While our stay has been very short, we feel that it has been very rewarding, not only professionally, but in making new friends and broadening the channels of contact.I would like to conclude with the hope that all of you will have a chance to come to the United States very soon, not only to continue our common pursuits of professional interest, but to partake out hospitality as well.Finally allow me to propose a toast to the health and happiness of all the ladies and gentlemen present here.Cultural Salon or Seminar (文化沙龙或研讨会)In the last 20 minutes will be a cultural salon or seminar. Two or three students who have been asked to prepare a speech in advance on a given topic. Students will do the oral interpretation.Topic: My HometownHomework Assignments (课后作业)Work on Exercise 1-2 in Unit 2 of the Textbook: Text 1.1, Text 2.1Task: Listen to the article and then start repeating at the end of each segment.Reference (单元参考资料)仲伟合主编：《英语口译教程》（上下册），高等教育出版社，2005年版。
