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Unit 1 F a m o u s U n i v e r s i t i e sListen and TalkDirections: Listen to the following paragraphs and decide which picture is described in detail.These six pictures show one of the faces of six famous universities. Discuss them with your classmates.1.How much do you know about Oxford University?2.What do you know about John Harvard and his statue at Harvard University?3.What other famous universities around the world can you describe to your classmates?Read and Explore• Passage A Oxford University▲Lead-in pictures1 Students at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, prepare to receive their academic degrees. The sashes of their gowns are lined with different colors of silk, designating each student’s respective college or field of study.2 Sundial on College Building3 Quad of Balliol College, Oxford▲L e a d-i n Q u e s t i o n s1. What do you know about Oxford University? Share what you know with each other.2. How do you like your university professors and lecturers to do their teaching?3. Have you ever received a scholarship? Do you think universities should try their best to provide their students with more scholarships? Explain.Related Information1U n i t e d K i n g d o mUnited Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. England is the largest and most populous division of the island of Great Britain, making up the south and east. Wales is on the west and Scotland is to the north. Northern Ireland is located in the northeast corner of Ireland, the second largest island in the British Isles. The capital of the United Kingdom is the city of London, situated near the southeastern tip of England.2E n g l a n dEngland is a political division of the island of Great Britain and the principal division of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It occupies all of the island east of Wales and south of Scotland, other divisions of the island of Great Britain.3L o n d o nLondon is the capital of the United Kingdom. It is situated in southeastern England along the Thames River. With a population of about 7 million, this vast metropolis is by far the largest city in Europe, a distinction it has maintained since the 17th century.4T h e H o u s e s o f P a r l i a m e n tThe Houses of Parliament by the river Thames in London.There are two Houses in the Parliament-the House of Lords and the House of Commons, where the elected members of Parliament meet.The words "Parliament" and "the House of Commons" indicate what its function was in the past and what it is still today. It's a place for debates between, on the one hand, the government (used to be the king) and on the other hand, the representatives of the communities: the communes, the commons, into which the country was divided. They used to come together to have a dialogue. The king wanted their support and their taxes and they wanted the king to follow their policies and to redress any local grievances. That's what it was in the past, centuries ago and that's what it still is today: a place for debates.Words and Expressions1. represent: stand for or be a sign or symbol ofExamples:• The foreign minister represented the country at the conference.• Each dot on my map represents a town.2. consist of: (no passive) be made up ofExamples:• The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.• That area's future weather pattern might consist of long, dry periods.3. establish: set upExamples:• Father established this business forty years ago.• Public schools for girls were established in some places.4. elect: choose (somebody) by votingExamples:• They elected him to represent them.• We must urge that delegates be elected from the various factories in a district.5. facility: aids, circumstances, which make it easy to do thingsExamples:• One of the facilities our students have is a large library.• This kitchen has a garbage disposal and other modern facilities.6. assign: give as a share or dutyExamples:• They assigned me a small room.• Two pupils were assigned to sweep the floor.7. enable: make ableExamples: • This train enables me to get there in time.• This would enable them to double their output of machine guns.8. apply: write to ask for (a job, membership, etc.)Examples: • He has applied for a post in England.• I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.9. demonstrate: show clearly by giving proof(s) or example(s)Examples:• The salesman demonstrated the new washing-machine to the customers.• These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country.10. enrich: make rich, improve (in quality, flavor, etc.)Examples:•An education enriches the mind.• American culture has been enriched by European immigrants.11. at large: as a wholeExamples:• The people at large wanted peace.• The country at large is hoping for great changes.12. benefit from / by: gain by; receive advantage fromExamples:• Who would be most likely to benefit from the old man's death?• You will benefit by taking a holiday.Notes to the Text1. Each student at Oxford is assigned to a tutor, who supervises the student's program of study, primarily through tutorials. (para. 4)Each Oxford student has a private supervisor who advices and instructs the student in a one-to-one basis.在牛津，每个学生都配有一个导师，主要通过导师制监督学生的学习。
大学体验英语二（综合教程）Unit 2 Jobs and CareersListen and TalkLead inWhat kind of job are you looking for? The classified ads are a good place to begin a 1.for employment. They are a great resource to learn about what companies look for in employees and2. a little information about the company as well. Applying and interviewing for a job requires skills worth developing. Being able to3.one's strengths, effectively communicating with4., having a desire to learn more about the5., and displaying enthusiasm can sometimes make up for inexperience. As you look at the pictures, think about the different6.each profession or vocation requires. A construction worker, a waiter and a farmer may not need higher education for their pursuits, but it7.helps. Secretarial work requires less education than being a teacher or a doctor, but each job is important in society.While becoming a teacher requires a 8.of four years study at a university, teaching entails constant learning, Understanding deeply the subject matter being taught and discovering the 9.of students are just two areas of 10.for teachers. Many studies continue to research how to effectively teach and how to teach students to effectively learn. In one way or another, we are all teachers.Key: 1. Search; 2. offer; 3. identify; 4. confidence; 5. employer;6.qualifications7. certainly;8. minimum;9. learning styles; 10. importance ;Passage A： Your Dream Job： A Click Away2.Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.1.What is JOB-TRAK?It is an Internet website that lists as many as 45 000 job opportunities.2.Does one need to have a lot of knowledge about the Internet before using it?Not necessarily so. According to Smith, the Internet was very easy to use. She found her job online with no training.3.Why did Gragg apply to teach English in Japan?Because she wanted a change in her life.4.What preparations did Mello make before she went for her interview?She searched the Internet for information about the financial performance of the company she was interested in, the salary she should ask for, and the possible living accommodations available to her there.pare job-seeking on the Internet and job-seeking on newspapers or at job markets. What are thestrengths and limitations of each?Answer: Open.3.Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.1.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A)The Internet can help one find an overseas job.B)The Internet can give one information about all companies.C)One can find a better job with the help of the Internet.D)There are many employment websites one can turn to for help.2."To click one's way into a job*' means.A)to find a job by searching the InternetB)to get a job by clicking a mouseC)to access the job websiteD)to know the way to do one's job3.It can be inferred that .A)originally only job vacancies in high-tech fields were listed on the InternetB)most newspapers and publications don't have a section of classified listingsC)many companies are using the Internet as their management assistantsD)many people can get a job offer now without going through an interview4.Dozlic found a better job.A)while browsing a website for baseball tradesB)by casually checking out an online classified adC)because of his curiosity about the InternetD)because of the experience he obtained from other jobs5.Mello searched the Internet for all the following information except.A)job vacanciesB) a company's financial performanceC)the minimum salaryD)rental propertiesAnswer: l.C, 2.A, 3.A, 4.A, 5.C4.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1.I'm absolutely sure that this dress is a cheaper of the one we saw in that department store.2.The bookshelves were crowded with books and scientific.3.If you want to open a file,twice on the icon (图标)for it.4.To their disappointment, the thieves were by the police at the moment they were entering the bank.5.During World War II, many fled to the United States.6.They*ve updated（更新）a lot of in the most recent edition of the dictionary.7.Despite difficulties,they did not find the life in London unpleasant.8.After a lot of part-time jobs, John finally got a position.9.In your report, you should give a description of the whole incident.panies publish reports to inform the public about the previous year's activitiesAnwser: 1 .version, 2.publications, 3.click, 4. spotted, 5.refugees,6.entries,7.financial,8.full-time,9. detailed,lO.annualplete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.Change the form where necessary.1.At the age of 29, he a commercial property business.2.While she was tidying up the living room, she her old photograph album.3.My doctor me a specialist in heart disease.4.He hired private investigators to his future business partner.5.She only her son's marriage long after the event.Answer: l.set up, 2.came across, 3.referred...to , 4.check out, 5.learnt of / learned of6.Choose an appropriate noun given in the following box to complete each of the sentences.1.She is now concentrating on a/an ___ as a fashion designer.2.When I went for my first __ for this job I arrived extremely early.3.Police insisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a visa.4.We organized a/an of recent book upon constant requests from the readers.5.The newspaper publishes a/an of a leading sportsman every week.Answer: 1 .career 2. interview 3.procedure 4.exhibit 5.profile7.Translate the following sentences into English.1.警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。
教学对象：大学英语专业二年级学生教学目标：1. 知识目标：- 掌握本单元的核心词汇和短语，如genuine, assignment, designate, overall, favorite, rank, diversity等。
- 理解并运用本单元的语法结构，如过去完成时、被动语态等。
- 了解本单元的主题：文化多样性。
2. 能力目标：- 提高学生的阅读理解能力，能够准确把握文章的主旨和大意。
- 培养学生的口语表达能力，能够就文化多样性话题进行讨论。
- 增强学生的写作能力，能够就文化多样性话题撰写短文。
3. 情感目标：- 培养学生对文化多样性的尊重和理解。
- 激发学生对英语学习的兴趣。
教学内容：1. 课文阅读：Section A 和 Section B2. 词汇和短语：genuine, assignment, designate, overall, favorite, rank, diversity等3. 语法结构：过去完成时、被动语态等4. 文化多样性主题教学过程：一、导入（5分钟）1. 教师通过图片、视频或话题引入文化多样性的概念，激发学生的兴趣。
2. 学生分享自己了解的文化多样性知识，教师引导学生进行讨论。
二、课文阅读（20分钟）1. 学生阅读课文，教师提问，检查学生对文章内容的理解。
2. 学生总结课文主旨和大意，教师进行点评和补充。
三、词汇和短语学习（10分钟）1. 教师带领学生学习本单元的核心词汇和短语，并进行例句讲解。
2. 学生进行词汇和短语练习，巩固所学知识。
四、语法结构讲解（10分钟）1. 教师讲解本单元的语法结构，如过去完成时、被动语态等。
2. 学生进行语法练习，巩固所学知识。
五、文化多样性讨论（15分钟）1. 学生分组讨论文化多样性话题，如：你认为文化多样性对个人和社会有哪些影响？2. 各组派代表进行发言，教师进行点评和总结。
六、写作练习（15分钟）1. 学生根据所学知识，撰写一篇关于文化多样性的短文。
Unit 2Jobs and Careers Objectives:★first listen, and then learn to ask about job opportunities and go for job interviews★read about online job applications and dream jobs★write about how to find a potential job★practice the use of unreal conditions★write your own résumé★visit Culture Salon to learn to tell the difference between job and careerI Passage A Your Dream Job: A Click Away1.SummarySince most students will choose to work after graduation, job-hunting is of great importance to them. They will write plenty of résumés about their education and send them to the companies they want to work for. It takes both time and energy to do so. Now, thanks to the development of the Internet, job-hunting has become much easier. Job-hunters can find a job just by clicking a mouse on the computer. Many of them make their dream come true through the Internet.This article describes the experiences of five people who used online sources to look for new jobs. Theresa Smith used the JOB-TRAK website to find an administrative assistant’s job at a university. Steven Tools used the CareerBuilder website to find a marketing management position. Madeline Gragg used Yahoo! to find a job teaching English in Japan. Nedzad Dozlic used a newspaper website to find a driver’s job with a car dealership. Wendy Mello used CareerBuilder to find a position in human resources for a media-information-services company. Mello also used another website to calculate the cost of living in her new location and to decide what salary to request. All these are typical examples of online job searches, since many different types of jobs can now be found this way.nguage Points1. career: a job or profession for which one is trained and which one intends to follow for the whole of one’s lifeExamples:There are many more careers open to women now than fifty years ago.Florence Nightingale made nursing her career.2. refer to: 1) send (someone or something) to (usually someone else) for decision or action Examples:The Local Court has referred the whole case to the High Court.The dispute between the two countries was referred to the United Nations.2) mention; speak aboutExamples:Don’t refer to the matter again.The speaker referred to his past experience.3. criteria: (pl.) an established rule, standard, or principle, on which a judgment is based Examples:What criteria do you use when judging the quality of a student’s work?There are several criteria of a good school.4. salary: fixed (usually monthly) pay for regular workExamples:My father draws his salary at the end of every month.Don’t spend all of your salary. Try to put something away each month.5. resident: a person who lives ( in a place) and is not just a visitorExamples:The local residents were angry at the lack of parking spaces.The residents of the town are proud of its new library.6. come across: meet or discover, especially by chanceExamples:I have just come across a beautiful poem in this book.She came across some old letters in the course of her search.7. curious: eager to know or learnExamples:The boy was curious about everything he saw.Miss Matfield threw a curious glance at her.8. fill out / in: put in (whatever is needed to complete something)Examples:After Tom passed his driving test he filled out an application for his driver’s license.The policeman filled out a report of the accident.9. fill up: make or become completely fullExamples:The room soon was filled up with people.The rain has filled up the ditches again.10. available: able to be got, obtained, used, etc.Examples:A limited number of seats are still available.There were no tickets available for Friday’s performance.11. elevate: make better, higher, or more educatedExamples:The clerk was elevated to a managerial position.The government is trying to elevate the living standards of the people.12. scan: look through quicklyExamples:He scanned the newspaper while having his breakfast.He scanned the articles that might give the information he needed.13. procedure: an action or set of actions necessary for doing something Examples:Writing a check is quite a simple procedure.We have worked out a new set of procedures for using this machine.14. spot: pick out, recognize, see (one person or thing out of many)Examples:He was the first to spot the danger.We spotted the winner of the beauty contest the moment she appeared.15. variety: number or group of different thingsExamples:Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.The college library has a wide variety of books.16. potential: that can or may come into existence or actionExamples:Although this area is very poor now, its potential wealth is great.We should always be on the lookout for potential dangers.17. learn of: become informed ofExamples:How did you learn of our product? Was it through our advertisement?I learned of your new address from your parents.18. via: by means of; usingExamples:I’ve read this French play via an English translation.I sent a message to Mary via her sister.19. annual: of one yearExamples:The annual farm output was to be increased by 4 to 5 percent.Mr. White’s annual income is $36 000.20. financial: connected with moneyExamples:In that case they would receive financial aid from the state.They are now confronted with a serious financial crisis.21. current: of present timeExamples:They suggested measures to overcome current difficulties.In some schools children study current affairs as a subject.22. flash: show for a momentExamples:The news flashed on television.He flashed a $10 note at the man by the door.23. detailed: with a lot of facts givenExamples:He gave me a detailed account of his work.He kept a detailed diary of the meetings.3.Important sentences1. The career placement center referred the liberal-arts major to JOB-TRAK, an Internet site listing 45 000 entry-level positions.The career placement center advises the student majoring in liberal arts to visit JOB-TRAK, a website containing 45 000 jobs for new workers.2. Smith is one American who clicked her way into a job.Smith is one American who found a job online.3. “The Internet is like hiring a personal assistant,” says Tools. “Effortlessly you can become aware of opportunities that may elevate your ca reer.”The Internet is like a personal helper. It presents you with information about possible chances to improve your career.4. Most major newspapers and trade publications have online versions of their classified listings, enabling job-seekers to scan for work available across town, in another state, or around the world. Most major newspapers and specialist journals have their job advertisements online, to helpjobseekers quickly spot job vacancies anywhere in the world.5. A refugee of the war in Bosnia, Dozlic had had a variety of jobs but was now ready for something new.Dozlic, who escaped from the war in Bosnia, had done several different jobs but was now ready to find a new one.6. To find out more about the company, she clicked on to Artitron’s home page and that of its parent company, Ceridian Corp., where she reviewed an annual report and the company’s financial performance.To learn more about the company she entered its website and the website of its headquarters, and studied the company’s ye arly report and financial situations.7. By accessing an online real estate service, she saw color photos of rental properties... Through an online real estate site, she saw pictures of homes which a person can rent rather than buy...4.Practical Writing Reference KeyThere are several things you cannot ignore when tracking down information on job openings. First, you should consult your friends, relatives, or neighbors, who may offer information unavailable elsewhere. Second, you should read the classified section in the newspapers often. Next, remember to register with two or three recruitment agencies. Finally, don’t forget to make use of the Internet. In today’s society the Internet is a quick and cost-effective method for employers to announce their employment needs. Therefore, if you log onto the Internet, you just might find your dream job.II Passage B Dream Jobs: College Students Make Their Picks 1.SummaryFor recent college graduates, finding a job is a lot like finding a match when dating. In its annual survey of U.S. college students, the research firm Universum USA asked its more than 60 000 respondents to identify the characteristics they associate with dream employers, and broke down the results into seven personality types: careerists, entrepreneurs, explorers, harmonizers, hunters, idealists and leaders.Google continued to rank as the big favorite, taking the No. 1 spot in five of the personality types and taking a top three spot in all seven. Apple was in the top three with six of the personality types, and Disney was in the top three for five, including idealists, who ranked it No. 1 ahead of Google. Banks, oil companies, and the Big Four accounting firms lost some of their luster among business students, but government and nonprofit employers had a good year among careerists. Disney and Apple, perceived as offering dynamic, challenging work settings, gained ground in this year’s survey with several personality types.Petter Nylander, chief executive of Universum, says it’s clear that young pe ople want employers who share their values and are a good fit for their personality. “What you see is young employees selecting companies that confirm their views of themselves,” he says.Language Points1. personality: characteristics and qualities of a person seen as a wholeExamples:Parents have great influences on the development of a child’s personality.I’m deeply impressed both by your personality and talent.2. genuine: authentic; sincereExamples:I was shocked to know that such an expensive painting was not genuine.Having been working here for 20 years, I do have a genuine love for the campus.3. connection: relationshipExamples:My conclusion is that there is no connection between the two incidents.We can s ee a clear connection between one’s attitude and one’s performance.4. arm candy: (informal) a sexually attractive person who accompanies another at social events Examples:Tony usually had two pretty girls accompany him to parties as arm candy.She’d already had mini-roles in eight movies when she turned up as George Sanders’ arm candy in the party scenes of this film.5. survey: investigation using a pool or questionnaireExamples:A recent survey found that 36% of the women asked did not feel safe walking alone at night.They ran a survey of the most popular television programs.6. identify: recognize or distinguish (as being the specified person or thing)Examples:This is a course that teaches us to identify plants and flowers.Can you identify your umbrella among this lot?7. characteristic: distinguishing featureExamples:A person of your characteristic is sure to be popular with young people like college students.Generosity is one of his nicest characteristics.8. associate: connect in thought, memory or imaginationExamples:Whisky is usually associated with Scotland.People will always associate the name of Steve Jobs with Apple.9. break (something ) down (into): be divided or divide into partsExamples:Expenditure on the project breaks down as follows: raw materials $1m, equipment $2m, wages $2m.Water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.10. prestigious: having or bringing prestige; having high statusExamples:Ya le University is one of the world’s most prestigious universities.Only the most prestigious scholars deserve such a title.11. recruit: enroll (someone) as a member or worker in an organization; enlistExamples:The coach recruited nine boys for the baseball team.Our university recruited more staff this year than last year.12. assignment: a duty or piece of work that is given to someone to doExamples:Five staff members have agreed to take on the one-year assignment in Africa.This is a difficult assignment for him, but he has made up his mind to complete it.13. balance: a state in which opposite or competing forces are evenly matched or given equal importanceExamples:She tried to keep her balance but still fell off the bike.Maintaining a favorable balance of trade is a difficult task for the country.14. secure: feeling safe, stable, and free from fear or anxietyExamples:Many young people today don’t feel secure about their future.His position in the company is quite secure.15. employment: a person’s trade or professionExamples:According to the report, 85% of the college graduates have found employment.The newly-built factory can provide employment for many people.16. competitive: of or involving competition; able to do as well as or better than others Examples:This supermarket offers more competitive prices, so its business is very good.The country boasts a car industry that is competitive with any in the world.17. prospect: picture in the mind or imagination, especially of a future event; the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurringExamples:He is so excited by the prospect of having his own house in such a big city.When he thinks of the prospect of a holiday abroad, he feels motivated to work hard.18. earnings: money which is earned by workingExamples:The husband has to give most of his earnings to his wife every month.After a month’s work my earnings are just 1800 Yuan.19. ethical: of morals or moral questions; morally correctExamples:This is an ethical issue that we should never neglect.His behavior is not ethical.20. designate: mark or point out clearly; choose (someone / something ) for a special purpose Examples:The boundaries between the two countries are designated on the map.The eastern part of the city has been designated as a development zone.21. overall: total; generalExamples:My overall impression of him is that he is very talkative.Can you tell me the overall cost of the project?22. favorite: a person or thing that is loved above all othersExamples:Hollywood blockbusters are my favorites.He is a favorite with his grandfather.23. rank: give (someone or something) a rank or place within a grading systemExamples:Almost all the schools rank the students according to their grades.I rank Google higher than Apple.24. diversity: varietyExamples:There was a diversity of opinions on whether a nuclear plant should be built near the city.The tolerance of diversity is the key to the survival of the world in the 21st century.25. critical: of or at a crisis; decisive; crucialExamples:The unemployment problem in that country is very critical at present.At the critical moment he jumped into the river and saved the boy.26. reflect: embody or represent (something) in a faithful or appropriate wayExamples:Her remarks at today’s meeting reflected her personality.The article reflected the author’s opinion on the matter.27. belief: something one accepts as true or real; a firmly held opinion or conviction Examples:Nothing can shake my belief in his integrity and honesty.He has a strong belief in t hat country’s higher education.28. ethnicity: state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition Examples:We welcome all talent, regardless of their background, gender and ethnicity.In this university you must learn to get along with people of different ethnicities.29. attractive: having the power to attractExamples:The mountain is very attractive at this time of year.He has got three very attractive job offers.30. for starters: first of all, to start withExamples:For starters, we don’t have enough time.He is not suitable for the task. For starters, he hasn’t got any experience in dealing with emergency.31. luster: soft brightness of a smooth or shining surface; glory, distinctionExamples:She couldn’t eat, and her hair lost its luster.Brave deeds add luster to one’s name32. consequence: a result or effect of an action or condition; importanceExamples:Drunk driving can have very bad consequences, so make sure that you never violate the law.This is an issue of tremendous consequence for the country.33. in addition: as an extra person, thing, or circumstanceExamples:In addition, there is a severe drought in many provinces in the country.The international language school teaches English and mathematics in addition.34. account for: make up (a specified amount or proportion)Examples:The local people just account for 1/3 of the workers in the factory.Food and clothing accoun t for a large portion of the family’s monthly expenditure.35. category: a class or division of people or things regarded as having particular shared characteristicsExamples:The books fall into two categories: those of social sciences and those of natural sciences.We can divide the products of the company into three categories.36. appealing: attractive, charming, interestingExamples:The film is not appealing to me.The actor’s voice makes him very appealing to his fans.37. achievement: something successfully finished or gained, especially through skill or hard work Examples:The scientist was rewarded by the government for his great achievement in rice hybrids research.The successful launch and return of the manned spacecraft was a great achievement of our country’s manned space program.38. further: help the development of (something); promoteExamples:This is a good opportunity for you to further your career.The aim of this activity is to further our cause of helping the disabled.39. significant: of noticeable importanceExamples:The annual report of the company is significant for the public.Your success in this position will be significant for your future.40. network: interact with other people to exchange information and develop contacts, especially to further one’s careerExamples:He shows great skill in networking with people of different personalities.For your self-development, you should learn how to network with your boss.41. come in: finish in the stated place in a race or competitionExamples:George came in third in the 100-meter race.Where did our team come in — second or third?42. likely: probable; that is expectedExamples:I think it likely that we will win the match.The likely outcome of the negotiation is a compromise made on both sides.43. as well as: in addition toExamples:There are young trees as well as flowers in his garden.He is hard-working as well as intelligent.44. reputation: the beliefs or opinions that are generally held about someone or something Examples:The doctor has a reputation for being very patient.The expert has lost his good reputation because he often speaks for the privileged.45. executive: a person with senior managerial responsibility in a business organization Examples:He is one of the company’s senior executives.As the chief executive he spends much time on decision making.46. confirm: reinforce someone in (an opinion, belief, or feeling); make definiteExamples:The information provided by Mr. White confirmed my judgment of the company’s financial status.The couple’s joint statement in today’s newspaper confirmed the rumor that they had divorced each other.47. identity: the fact of being who or what a person or thing isExamples:Show me your identity card, please.The reporter concealed his identity so that he could make the investigation smoothly.48. build (something) on (something): base (something) on (something); use something as a foundation for making further progressExamples:Your accusation is not built on evidence.The company drew the conclusion by building on its own survey.2.Sentence Explanation1.Everybody want s a genuine connection, and a little arm candy doesn’t hurt.Everybody wants a true and sincere relationship, a good match to their personality in locating a job, but it is not bad to have something to help make you look more appealing when “dating”.2. The employees must refl ect our users.Our employees must be people with a diversity of beliefs, background and ethnicity to refl ect our users, who are people of diverse cultural backgrounds.3. For starters, banks, oil companies, and the Big Four accounting fi rms lost some of their luster among business students.First of all, banks, oil companies, and the Big Four accounting firms are not as excellent and appealing as before in the eyes of business students.4. “What you see is young employees selecting companies that confirm their views of themselves,” he says.“What you see is young employees selecting companies that recognize and reinforce their views,” he says.5. “Your identity today is built on where you work. It sends a strong message about who you are.”“Your identity today is recognized according to where you work. Where you work tells people a lot about your social position, your economic status, etc.”III General Writing: Unreal ConditionsTo make predictions, you may find unreal conditional clauses useful. Unreal conditions are either impossible or unlikely to be realized. In unreal conditional sentences, a contrary-to-fact condition exists. Examples: Present Time:If this was allowed to happen, the dam would collapse.If the dam collapsed, many acres of good farmland would disappear.Past Time:If this had not been allowed to happen, the dam would not have collapsed.Past Time with Present or Future Result:If they had passed the law, the economy would be in better shape now.。
Unit TwoLead-in1 search2 offer3 identify4 confidence5 employer6 qualifications7 certainly8 minimum9 learning style 10 importance Passage AThink About It1 Many students log on the Internet frequently. They may use the Internet to search for useful information they need, visit social network sites, e-mail their friends, or play video games.2 Job application online means doing all the application on the Internet. One can fill in the application form and send it in an e-mail form to potential e mployer’s mailbox, together with all necessary materials about oneself.3 Yes, it will continuously play more important role in the future.Read About ItContent AwarenessRead And Think2 Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1 It is an Internet website that lists as many as 45 000 job opportunities.2 Not necessarily so. According to Smith, the Internet was very easy to use. She found her job online with no training.3 Because she wanted a change in her life.4 She searched the Internet for information about the financial performance of the company she was interested in, the salary she should ask for, and the possible living accommodations available to her there.5 Open.3 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.1 F2 T3 T4 T5 T4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1 version2 publications3 click4 spotted5 refugees5entries 7 financial 8 full-time 9 detailed 10 annual5 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 set up2 come across3 referred, to4 check out5 learnt of/learned of6 Choose an appropriate noun given in the following box to complete each of the sentences.1 career2 interview3 procedure4 exhibit5 profile7 Translate the following sentences into English.1The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident.2 I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car.3 If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure.4 We couldn’t have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help.5 After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat.8 Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to their italicized parts, and then translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.1 He had just been promoted to vice president of the company and wasn’t expecting another promotion in six months.2 Shortly after he graduated from school, he jumped to a satisfactory job.3 Most colleges and universities have their own homepages, enabling applicants to scan for the information available about the universities they want to apply for.4 With a click of her mouse, she submitted her assignment to the tutor and soon got the reply.5 By accessing the website of the university she was going to study in, she saw color photos of the university, including a detailed map of the university campus.9 More and more people have found the right jobs through the Internet just as the passage shows. Now work in pairs and take turns to give a short speech on the topic “You can find your dream job via the Internet.” Cite some of the stories of the job seekers that yo u have just read in Passage A.Have you ever considered finding a job on the Internet? Today, with computers in common use, the Internet has become an important tool for people to find various kinds of information. Many people log on to the Internet to seek job opportunities and some of them have found very desirable jobs. Take Theresa Smith’s story for example. Less than a month from her graduation day, she visited an Internet site and typed some key words. Immediately she found 45 jobs meeting her criteria. Four weeks later she was hired at a starting salary of $32 000. Look at another story, that of Madeline Gragg, a 28 year-old high school teacher from America. She wanted a change. So when a friend mentioned teaching English in Japan, the American teacher felt interested. She visited the popular Yahoo! website. A week later she received a call and set up an interview with a recruiter in Chicago and got the job. You see, to find the right job, you can just visit some Internet sites, type a few key words, and follow the procedure for the online application. With a click of the mouse, you are very likely to find your dream job. So why not give it a try?10 Write a paragraph of around 80 words about what you should do to track down information on job openings. Include the following key words and phrases in your writing. You may begin your paragraph with “There are several things you cannot ignore when tracking down information on job openings.”There are several things you cannot ignore when tracking down information on job openings. First, you should consult your friends, relatives, or neighbors, who may offer information unavailable elsewhere. Second, you should read the classified section in the newspapers often. Next, remember to register with two or three recruitment agencies. Finally, don’t forget to make use of the Internet. In today’s society the Internet is a quick and cost-effective method for employers to announce their employment needs. Therefore, if you log on to the Internet, you just might find your dream job.Passage BThink About It1 Open2 Open3 OpenRead About ItContent AwarenessRead And Think11 Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1 The author compares college graduates’ job hunting to finding a match when dating.2 They are careerists, entrepreneurs, explorers, harmonizers, hunters, idealists and leaders.3 Google took the top spot in popularity in each of the past four years.4 They are government and non-profit employers such as CIA and FBI.5 They are government and non-profit employers such as CIA and FBI. 12 Choose the best answer to each question with the information from the passage.1 D2 C3 B4 C 5A13 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1 identify2 likely3 characteristic4 genuine5 confirmed6 prospects7 consequence8 recruit9 competitive10 is reflected14 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 break … down2 accounts for3 associated with4 build … on5 in addition15 Translate the following sentences into English.1 This country is not big, but it plays an important role in international affairs.2 It was with the help of my uncle that I overcame the difficulty and completed the assignment in time.3 While he decided to stay in Beijing upon graduation, his best friend chose to go to Tibet.4 In this Campus English Speaking Contest, Mary from our class came inthird.5 You should know that it takes time, money as well as perseverance to learn to play the piano.16 Read the following questions and then scan the letter below to find answers to the questions. Try to finish in less than 2 minutes.1 At the University of Denver.2 In Colorado.3 Over the Rocky Mountains.4 From her window.5 Next month when she gets home.6 Share all the happiness and sadness they are feeling.7 She feels a little homesick.8 In the afternoon on Tuesday, December 1st.17 Complete the sentences with the appropriate verb form.1 would write, would have written2 could see, could have seen3might break, might have broken4 gave, had given5 were, had been18 Read each pair of sentences. Then express a contrary situation using a) a sentence with an if clause and b) a sentence with had. Follow the examples.1If I had heard you, I would have answeredHad I heard you, I would have answered2 If it hadn’t been cold, I would have opened the windowHad it not been cold, I would have opened the window3 If we had been late, we would have hurriedHad we been late, we would have hurried4 If you had used a typewriter, they could have read your lettersHad you used a typewriter, they could have read your letters5 If the car hadn’t stopped, it would have hit meHad the car not stopped, it would have hit me19 Rewrite the conditional clauses in the following sentences. Follow the examples.1 Were she interested, I would telephone her.2 Were John here, we would soon learn the truth.3 They would be here with us should they have the time.4 Should I see you, I would invite you home.5 Should she try harder next time, she would pass the examination.20 The following sentences tell something real. Change them to indicate something unreal.1 If we had not allowed the oil company to build this paper mill, we would not have water pollution now.2 If we did not pay taxes, our schools would be closed.3 If the government had dealt with the crisis properly, inflation would not have stayed at high levels.4 If this university had enough student housing, it would attract more international students.5 If we had stopped the construction of this dam, we would not have destroyed miles of natural wilderness along the river.。
Unit TwoLead-in1 search2 offer3 identify4 confidence5 employer6 qualifications7 certainly8 minimum9 learning style 10 importance Passage AThink About It1 Many students log on the Internet frequently. They may use the Internet to search for useful information they need, visit social network sites, e-mail their friends, or play video games.2 Job application online means doing all the application on the Internet. One can fill in the application form and send it in an e-mail form to potential employer’s mailbox, together with all necessary materials about oneself.3 Yes, it will continuously play more important role in the future.Read About ItContent AwarenessRead And Think2 Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1 It is an Internet website that lists as many as 45 000 job opportunities.2 Not necessarily so. According to Smith, the Internet was very easy to use. She found her job online with no training.3 Because she wanted a change in her life.4 She searched the Internet for information about the financial performance of the company she was interested in, the salary she should ask for, and the possible living accommodations available to her there.5 Open.3 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.1 F2 T3 T4 T5 T4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1 version2 publications3 click4 spotted5 refugees5entries 7 financial 8 full-time 9 detailed 10 annual5 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 set up2 come across3 referred, to4 check out5 learnt of/learned of6 Choose an appropriate noun given in the following box to complete each of the sentences.1 career2 interview3 procedure4 exhibit5 profile7 Translate the following sentences into English.1The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident.2 I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car.3 If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure.4 We couldn’t have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help.5 After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat.8 Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to their italicized parts, and then translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.1 He had just been promoted to vice president of the company and wasn’t expecting another promotion in six months.2 Shortly after he graduated from school, he jumped to a satisfactory job.3 Most colleges and universities have their own homepages, enabling applicants to scan for the information available about the universities they want to apply for.4 With a click of her mouse, she submitted her assignment to the tutor and soon got the reply.5 By accessing the website of the university she was going to study in, she saw color photos of the university, including a detailed map of the university campus.9 More and more people have found the right jobs through the Internet just as the passage shows. Now work in pairs and take turns to give a short speech on the topic “You can find your dream job via the Internet.” Cite some of the stories of the job seekers that you have just read in Passage A.Have you ever considered finding a job on the Internet? Today, with computers in common use, the Internet has become an important tool for people to find various kinds of information. Many people log on to the Internet to seek job opportunities and some of them have found very desirable jobs. Take Theresa Smith’s story for example. Less than a month from her graduation day, she visited an Internet site and typed some key words. Immediately she found 45 jobs meeting her criteria. Four weeks later she was hired at a starting salary of $32 000. Look at another story, that of Madeline Gragg, a 28 year-old high school teacher from America. She wanted a change. So when a friend mentioned teaching English in Japan, the American teacher felt interested. She visited the popular Yahoo! website. A week later she received a call and set up an interview with a recruiter in Chicago and got the job. You see, to find the right job, you can just visit some Internet sites, type a few key words, and follow the procedure for the online application. With a click of the mouse, you are very likely to find your dream job. So why not give it a try?10 Write a paragraph of around 80 words about what you should do to track down information on job openings. Include the following key words and phrases in your writing. You may begin your paragraph with “There are several things you cannot ignore when tracking down information on job openings.”There are several things you cannot ignore when tracking down information on job openings. First, you should consult your friends, relatives, or neighbors, who may offer information unavailable elsewhere. Second, you should read the classified section in the newspapers often. Next, remember to register with two or three recruitment agencies. Finally, don’t forget to make use of the Internet. In today’s society the Internet is a quick and cost-effective method for employers to announce their employment needs. Therefore, if you log on to the Internet, you just might find your dream job.Passage BThink About It1 Open2 Open3 OpenRead About ItContent AwarenessRead And Think11 Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1 The author compares college graduates’ job hunting to finding a match when dating.2 They are careerists, entrepreneurs, explorers, harmonizers, hunters, idealists and leaders.3 Google took the top spot in popularity in each of the past four years.4 They are government and non-profit employers such as CIA and FBI.5 They are government and non-profit employers such as CIA and FBI. 12Choose the best answer to each question with the information from the passage.1 D2 C3 B4 C 5A13 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1 identify2 likely3 characteristic4 genuine5 confirmed6 prospects7 consequence8 recruit9 competitive10 is reflected14Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 break … down2 accounts for3 associated with4 build … on5 in addition15Translate the following sentences into English.1 This country is not big, but it plays an important role in international affairs.2 It was with the help of my uncle that I overcame the difficulty and completed the assignment in time.3 While he decided to stay in Beijing upon graduation, his best friend chose to go to Tibet.4 In this Campus English Speaking Contest, Mary from our class came inthird.5 You should know that it takes time, money as well as perseverance to learn to play the piano.16Read the following questions and then scan the letter below to find answers to the questions. Try to finish in less than 2 minutes.1 At the University of Denver.2 In Colorado.3 Over the Rocky Mountains.4 From her window.5 Next month when she gets home.6 Share all the happiness and sadness they are feeling.7 She feels a little homesick.8 In the afternoon on Tuesday, December 1st.17Complete the sentences with the appropriate verb form.1 would write, would have written2 could see, could have seen3might break, might have broken4 gave, had given5 were, had been18Read each pair of sentences. Then express a contrary situation using a) a sentence with an if clause and b) a sentence with had. Follow the examples.1If I had heard you, I would have answeredHad I heard you, I would have answered2 If it hadn’t been cold, I would have opened the windowHad it not been cold, I would have opened the window3 If we had been late, we would have hurriedHad we been late, we would have hurried4 If you had used a typewriter, they could have read your lettersHad you used a typewriter, they could have read your letters5 If the car hadn’t stopped, it would have hit meHad the car not stopped, it would have hit me19 Rewrite the conditional clauses in the following sentences. Follow the examples.1 Were she interested, I would telephone her.2 Were John here, we would soon learn the truth.3 They would be here with us should they have the time.4 Should I see you, I would invite you home.5 Should she try harder next time, she would pass the examination.20 The following sentences tell something real. Change them to indicate something unreal.1 If we had not allowed the oil company to build this paper mill, we would not have water pollution now.2 If we did not pay taxes, our schools would be closed.3 If the government had dealt with the crisis properly, inflation would not have stayed at high levels.4 If this university had enough student housing, it would attract more international students.5 If we had stopped the construction of this dam, we would not have destroyed miles of natural wilderness along the river.。
一、课题名称《大学体验英语综合教程》第三版 Unit 2二、教学目的1. 提高学生的英语听说能力，使他们能够进行日常生活中的简单对话。
2. 培养学生的英语阅读理解能力，使其能够阅读并理解英语文章。
3. 通过实践活动，提高学生的英语写作能力。
三、教学对象大学英语基础阶段的学生四、课时安排2课时五、教学重点1. 听说能力：日常生活中的常用表达和对话。
2. 阅读理解能力：理解英语文章的主旨和大意。
3. 写作能力：撰写简单的英语短文。
六、教学难点1. 听力材料的理解与应对。
2. 阅读文章中的长难句和复杂结构的理解。
3. 写作中逻辑结构的构建和语言表达的准确性。
七、教学过程第一课时1. 导入新课- 通过播放一段与课程主题相关的英语视频，激发学生的学习兴趣。
- 提问学生关于视频内容的问题，检查他们对主题的理解。
2. 听说训练- 分组进行角色扮演，模拟日常生活中的对话场景。
- 教师巡回指导，纠正学生的发音和语法错误。
3. 阅读理解- 分发课文，让学生阅读并回答相关问题。
- 教师讲解课文中的难点，如生词、短语和语法结构。
4. 小结- 总结本节课的重点内容，强调学生的不足之处。
- 布置课后作业，巩固所学知识。
第二课时1. 复习- 回顾上一节课的内容，检查学生对知识的掌握情况。
2. 听说训练- 进行听力练习，让学生听录音并回答问题。
- 分组进行口语练习，提高学生的口语表达能力。
3. 阅读理解- 分发阅读材料，让学生阅读并回答相关问题。
- 教师讲解阅读材料中的难点，帮助学生理解文章。
4. 写作训练- 分发写作题目，让学生撰写英语短文。
- 教师巡回指导，纠正学生的语法错误和表达问题。
5. 小结- 总结本节课的内容，强调学生的进步和不足。
- 布置课后作业，巩固所学知识。
八、教学评价1. 课堂表现：学生的参与度、积极性、合作精神等。
2. 作业完成情况：学生对课后作业的完成质量。
3. 期末考试：检测学生对所学知识的掌握程度。
Unit 2Jobs and Careers Objectives:★first listen, and then learn to ask about job opportunities and go for job interviews★read about online job applications and dream jobs★write about how to find a potential job★practice the use of unreal conditions★write your own résumé★visit Culture Salon to learn to tell the difference between job and careerI Passage A Your Dream Job: A Click Away1.SummarySince most students will choose to work after graduation, job-hunting is of great importance to them. They will write plenty of résumés about their education and send them to the companies they want to work for. It takes both time and energy to do so. Now, thanks to the development of the Internet, job-hunting has become much easier. Job-hunters can find a job just by clicking a mouse on the computer. Many of them make their dream come true through the Internet.This article describes the experiences of five people who used online sources to look for new jobs. Theresa Smith used the JOB-TRAK website to find an administrative assistant’s job at a university. Steven Tools used the CareerBuilder website to find a marketing management position. Madeline Gragg used Yahoo! to find a job teaching English in Japan. Nedzad Dozlic used a newspaper website to find a driver’s job with a car dealership. Wendy Mello used CareerBuilder to find a position in human resources for a media-information-services company. Mello also used another website to calculate the cost of living in her new location and to decide what salary to request. All these are typical examples of online job searches, since many different types of jobs can now be found this way.nguage Points1. career: a job or profession for which one is trained and which one intends to follow for the whole of one’s lifeExamples:There are many more careers open to women now than fifty years ago.Florence Nightingale made nursing her career.2. refer to: 1) send (someone or something) to (usually someone else) for decision or action Examples:The Local Court has referred the whole case to the High Court.The dispute between the two countries was referred to the United Nations.2) mention; speak aboutExamples:Don’t refer to the matter again.The speaker referred to his past experience.3. criteria: (pl.) an established rule, standard, or principle, on which a judgment is based Examples:What criteria do you use when judging the quality of a student’s work?There are several criteria of a good school.4. salary: fixed (usually monthly) pay for regular workExamples:My father draws his salary at the end of every month.Don’t spend all of your salary. Try to put something away each month.5. resident: a person who lives ( in a place) and is not just a visitorExamples:The local residents were angry at the lack of parking spaces.The residents of the town are proud of its new library.6. come across: meet or discover, especially by chanceExamples:I have just come across a beautiful poem in this book.She came across some old letters in the course of her search.7. curious: eager to know or learnExamples:The boy was curious about everything he saw.Miss Matfield threw a curious glance at her.8. fill out / in: put in (whatever is needed to complete something)Examples:After Tom passed his driving test he filled out an application for his driver’s license.The policeman filled out a report of the accident.9. fill up: make or become completely fullExamples:The room soon was filled up with people.The rain has filled up the ditches again.10. available: able to be got, obtained, used, etc.Examples:A limited number of seats are still available.There were no tickets available for Friday’s performance.11. elevate: make better, higher, or more educatedExamples:The clerk was elevated to a managerial position.The government is trying to elevate the living standards of the people.12. scan: look through quicklyExamples:He scanned the newspaper while having his breakfast.He scanned the articles that might give the information he needed.13. procedure: an action or set of actions necessary for doing something Examples:Writing a check is quite a simple procedure.We have worked out a new set of procedures for using this machine.14. spot: pick out, recognize, see (one person or thing out of many)Examples:He was the first to spot the danger.We spotted the winner of the beauty contest the moment she appeared.15. variety: number or group of different thingsExamples:Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.The college library has a wide variety of books.16. potential: that can or may come into existence or actionExamples:Although this area is very poor now, its potential wealth is great.We should always be on the lookout for potential dangers.17. learn of: become informed ofExamples:How did you learn of our product? Was it through our advertisement?I learned of your new address from your parents.18. via: by means of; usingExamples:I’ve read this French play via an English translation.I sent a message to Mary via her sister.19. annual: of one yearExamples:The annual farm output was to be increased by 4 to 5 percent.Mr. White’s annual income is $36 000.20. financial: connected with moneyExamples:In that case they would receive financial aid from the state.They are now confronted with a serious financial crisis.21. current: of present timeExamples:They suggested measures to overcome current difficulties.In some schools children study current affairs as a subject.22. flash: show for a momentExamples:The news flashed on television.He flashed a $10 note at the man by the door.23. detailed: with a lot of facts givenExamples:He gave me a detailed account of his work.He kept a detailed diary of the meetings.3.Important sentences1. The career placement center referred the liberal-arts major to JOB-TRAK, an Internet site listing 45 000 entry-level positions.The career placement center advises the student majoring in liberal arts to visit JOB-TRAK, a website containing 45 000 jobs for new workers.2. Smith is one American who clicked her way into a job.Smith is one American who found a job online.3. “The Internet is like hiring a personal assistant,” says Tools. “Effortlessly you can become aware of opportunities that may elevate your ca reer.”The Internet is like a personal helper. It presents you with information about possible chances to improve your career.4. Most major newspapers and trade publications have online versions of their classified listings, enabling job-seekers to scan for work available across town, in another state, or around the world. Most major newspapers and specialist journals have their job advertisements online, to helpjobseekers quickly spot job vacancies anywhere in the world.5. A refugee of the war in Bosnia, Dozlic had had a variety of jobs but was now ready for something new.Dozlic, who escaped from the war in Bosnia, had done several different jobs but was now ready to find a new one.6. To find out more about the company, she clicked on to Artitron’s home page and that of its parent company, Ceridian Corp., where she reviewed an annual report and the company’s financial performance.To learn more about the company she entered its website and the website of its headquarters, and studied the company’s ye arly report and financial situations.7. By accessing an online real estate service, she saw color photos of rental properties... Through an online real estate site, she saw pictures of homes which a person can rent rather than buy...4.Practical Writing Reference KeyThere are several things you cannot ignore when tracking down information on job openings. First, you should consult your friends, relatives, or neighbors, who may offer information unavailable elsewhere. Second, you should read the classified section in the newspapers often. Next, remember to register with two or three recruitment agencies. Finally, don’t forget to make use of the Internet. In today’s society the Internet is a quick and cost-effective method for employers to announce their employment needs. Therefore, if you log onto the Internet, you just might find your dream job.II Passage B Dream Jobs: College Students Make Their Picks 1.SummaryFor recent college graduates, finding a job is a lot like finding a match when dating. In its annual survey of U.S. college students, the research firm Universum USA asked its more than 60 000 respondents to identify the characteristics they associate with dream employers, and broke down the results into seven personality types: careerists, entrepreneurs, explorers, harmonizers, hunters, idealists and leaders.Google continued to rank as the big favorite, taking the No. 1 spot in five of the personality types and taking a top three spot in all seven. Apple was in the top three with six of the personality types, and Disney was in the top three for five, including idealists, who ranked it No. 1 ahead of Google. Banks, oil companies, and the Big Four accounting firms lost some of their luster among business students, but government and nonprofit employers had a good year among careerists. Disney and Apple, perceived as offering dynamic, challenging work settings, gained ground in this year’s survey with several personality types.Petter Nylander, chief executive of Universum, says it’s clear that young pe ople want employers who share their values and are a good fit for their personality. “What you see is young employees selecting companies that confirm their views of themselves,” he says.Language Points1. personality: characteristics and qualities of a person seen as a wholeExamples:Parents have great influences on the development of a child’s personality.I’m deeply impressed both by your personality and talent.2. genuine: authentic; sincereExamples:I was shocked to know that such an expensive painting was not genuine.Having been working here for 20 years, I do have a genuine love for the campus.3. connection: relationshipExamples:My conclusion is that there is no connection between the two incidents.We can s ee a clear connection between one’s attitude and one’s performance.4. arm candy: (informal) a sexually attractive person who accompanies another at social events Examples:Tony usually had two pretty girls accompany him to parties as arm candy.She’d already had mini-roles in eight movies when she turned up as George Sanders’ arm candy in the party scenes of this film.5. survey: investigation using a pool or questionnaireExamples:A recent survey found that 36% of the women asked did not feel safe walking alone at night.They ran a survey of the most popular television programs.6. identify: recognize or distinguish (as being the specified person or thing)Examples:This is a course that teaches us to identify plants and flowers.Can you identify your umbrella among this lot?7. characteristic: distinguishing featureExamples:A person of your characteristic is sure to be popular with young people like college students.Generosity is one of his nicest characteristics.8. associate: connect in thought, memory or imaginationExamples:Whisky is usually associated with Scotland.People will always associate the name of Steve Jobs with Apple.9. break (something ) down (into): be divided or divide into partsExamples:Expenditure on the project breaks down as follows: raw materials $1m, equipment $2m, wages $2m.Water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.10. prestigious: having or bringing prestige; having high statusExamples:Ya le University is one of the world’s most prestigious universities.Only the most prestigious scholars deserve such a title.11. recruit: enroll (someone) as a member or worker in an organization; enlistExamples:The coach recruited nine boys for the baseball team.Our university recruited more staff this year than last year.12. assignment: a duty or piece of work that is given to someone to doExamples:Five staff members have agreed to take on the one-year assignment in Africa.This is a difficult assignment for him, but he has made up his mind to complete it.13. balance: a state in which opposite or competing forces are evenly matched or given equal importanceExamples:She tried to keep her balance but still fell off the bike.Maintaining a favorable balance of trade is a difficult task for the country.14. secure: feeling safe, stable, and free from fear or anxietyExamples:Many young people today don’t feel secure about their future.His position in the company is quite secure.15. employment: a person’s trade or professionExamples:According to the report, 85% of the college graduates have found employment.The newly-built factory can provide employment for many people.16. competitive: of or involving competition; able to do as well as or better than others Examples:This supermarket offers more competitive prices, so its business is very good.The country boasts a car industry that is competitive with any in the world.17. prospect: picture in the mind or imagination, especially of a future event; the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurringExamples:He is so excited by the prospect of having his own house in such a big city.When he thinks of the prospect of a holiday abroad, he feels motivated to work hard.18. earnings: money which is earned by workingExamples:The husband has to give most of his earnings to his wife every month.After a month’s work my earnings are just 1800 Yuan.19. ethical: of morals or moral questions; morally correctExamples:This is an ethical issue that we should never neglect.His behavior is not ethical.20. designate: mark or point out clearly; choose (someone / something ) for a special purpose Examples:The boundaries between the two countries are designated on the map.The eastern part of the city has been designated as a development zone.21. overall: total; generalExamples:My overall impression of him is that he is very talkative.Can you tell me the overall cost of the project?22. favorite: a person or thing that is loved above all othersExamples:Hollywood blockbusters are my favorites.He is a favorite with his grandfather.23. rank: give (someone or something) a rank or place within a grading systemExamples:Almost all the schools rank the students according to their grades.I rank Google higher than Apple.24. diversity: varietyExamples:There was a diversity of opinions on whether a nuclear plant should be built near the city.The tolerance of diversity is the key to the survival of the world in the 21st century.25. critical: of or at a crisis; decisive; crucialExamples:The unemployment problem in that country is very critical at present.At the critical moment he jumped into the river and saved the boy.26. reflect: embody or represent (something) in a faithful or appropriate wayExamples:Her remarks at today’s meeting reflected her personality.The article reflected the author’s opinion on the matter.27. belief: something one accepts as true or real; a firmly held opinion or conviction Examples:Nothing can shake my belief in his integrity and honesty.He has a strong belief in t hat country’s higher education.28. ethnicity: state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition Examples:We welcome all talent, regardless of their background, gender and ethnicity.In this university you must learn to get along with people of different ethnicities.29. attractive: having the power to attractExamples:The mountain is very attractive at this time of year.He has got three very attractive job offers.30. for starters: first of all, to start withExamples:For starters, we don’t have enough time.He is not suitable for the task. For starters, he hasn’t got any experience in dealing with emergency.31. luster: soft brightness of a smooth or shining surface; glory, distinctionExamples:She couldn’t eat, and her hair lost its luster.Brave deeds add luster to one’s name32. consequence: a result or effect of an action or condition; importanceExamples:Drunk driving can have very bad consequences, so make sure that you never violate the law.This is an issue of tremendous consequence for the country.33. in addition: as an extra person, thing, or circumstanceExamples:In addition, there is a severe drought in many provinces in the country.The international language school teaches English and mathematics in addition.34. account for: make up (a specified amount or proportion)Examples:The local people just account for 1/3 of the workers in the factory.Food and clothing accoun t for a large portion of the family’s monthly expenditure.35. category: a class or division of people or things regarded as having particular shared characteristicsExamples:The books fall into two categories: those of social sciences and those of natural sciences.We can divide the products of the company into three categories.36. appealing: attractive, charming, interestingExamples:The film is not appealing to me.The actor’s voice makes him very appealing to his fans.37. achievement: something successfully finished or gained, especially through skill or hard work Examples:The scientist was rewarded by the government for his great achievement in rice hybrids research.The successful launch and return of the manned spacecraft was a great achievement of our country’s manned space program.38. further: help the development of (something); promoteExamples:This is a good opportunity for you to further your career.The aim of this activity is to further our cause of helping the disabled.39. significant: of noticeable importanceExamples:The annual report of the company is significant for the public.Your success in this position will be significant for your future.40. network: interact with other people to exchange information and develop contacts, especially to further one’s careerExamples:He shows great skill in networking with people of different personalities.For your self-development, you should learn how to network with your boss.41. come in: finish in the stated place in a race or competitionExamples:George came in third in the 100-meter race.Where did our team come in — second or third?42. likely: probable; that is expectedExamples:I think it likely that we will win the match.The likely outcome of the negotiation is a compromise made on both sides.43. as well as: in addition toExamples:There are young trees as well as flowers in his garden.He is hard-working as well as intelligent.44. reputation: the beliefs or opinions that are generally held about someone or something Examples:The doctor has a reputation for being very patient.The expert has lost his good reputation because he often speaks for the privileged.45. executive: a person with senior managerial responsibility in a business organization Examples:He is one of the company’s senior executives.As the chief executive he spends much time on decision making.46. confirm: reinforce someone in (an opinion, belief, or feeling); make definiteExamples:The information provided by Mr. White confirmed my judgment of the company’s financial status.The couple’s joint statement in today’s newspaper confirmed the rumor that they had divorced each other.47. identity: the fact of being who or what a person or thing isExamples:Show me your identity card, please.The reporter concealed his identity so that he could make the investigation smoothly.48. build (something) on (something): base (something) on (something); use something as a foundation for making further progressExamples:Your accusation is not built on evidence.The company drew the conclusion by building on its own survey.2.Sentence Explanation1.Everybody want s a genuine connection, and a little arm candy doesn’t hurt.Everybody wants a true and sincere relationship, a good match to their personality in locating a job, but it is not bad to have something to help make you look more appealing when “dating”.2. The employees must refl ect our users.Our employees must be people with a diversity of beliefs, background and ethnicity to refl ect our users, who are people of diverse cultural backgrounds.3. For starters, banks, oil companies, and the Big Four accounting fi rms lost some of their luster among business students.First of all, banks, oil companies, and the Big Four accounting firms are not as excellent and appealing as before in the eyes of business students.4. “What you see is young employees selecting companies that confirm their views of themselves,” he says.“What you see is young employees selecting companies that recognize and reinforce their views,” he says.5. “Your identity today is built on where you work. It sends a strong message about who you are.”“Your identity today is recognized according to where you work. Where you work tells people a lot about your social position, your economic status, etc.”III General Writing: Unreal ConditionsTo make predictions, you may find unreal conditional clauses useful. Unreal conditions are either impossible or unlikely to be realized. In unreal conditional sentences, a contrary-to-fact condition exists. Examples: Present Time:If this was allowed to happen, the dam would collapse.If the dam collapsed, many acres of good farmland would disappear.Past Time:If this had not been allowed to happen, the dam would not have collapsed.Past Time with Present or Future Result:If they had passed the law, the economy would be in better shape now.。
