2020年高考英语二轮复习词义猜测类 专项练习【带答案解析】

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练三指代猜测类（xx •黄冈检测）On Christmas Day, xx, a woma n n amed Nancy Sue Brow n took her daughter and gran dchildre n to see a movie at an AMC theater. Whe n the movie was over, the crowd made for the exits. A theater employee had just fini shed mopp ing the hallway and dutifully placed the “wet floor ” sign in the slippery area. No one slipped dueto the wet con diti ons, but some one did man age to knock over the sig n. And by the time Ms. Brown got to the area, the sign was lying on the floor. And shortly thereafter, so was she. Her foot got caught in the sign, in a bad way, and she fell. Unfortunately Ms. Brow n had un derg one a back operati on, and the fall caused more damage tha n it otherwise would have. So she and her husband sued （提起诉讼）.AMC argued that the entire point of the “wet floor ” sign above was to warnof dan ger, and therefore, courts should en courage the use by not allow ing Brow n's case to proceed （继续进行）.AMC referred to a case about a December, xx incident,where a “wet floor ” sign, not in use, fell to the floor causing another trip-and-fall. In that case, Georgia's Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the store, but did n't go so far as to say that “ wet floor ”sig ns could n't give rise to legal liability （责任）in trip-and-fall accidents. In the Brown case, the Supreme Courttherefore rejected AMC's argume nt that the former case applied.But the Brow ns argued someth ing surpris ing that the “ wet floor ” sig n was, itself, dan gerous, because “ using this type of sig n in areas passed by lots of customers creates an un reas on able risk of foreseeable harm to the public in the form of tripping hazards （危险）.” That's right — the safety sign, used in the way itwas desig ned, was itself dan gerous. The court tha nkfully did n't accept thatargument, at least not entirely. But it did conclude that Brown's case could continueto a jury （陪审团）一"a mercha nt's select ion and use of equipme nt desig ned to warn customers of one dan ger that has the pote ntial to expose them to a differe nt one ”.体裁：议论文题材：社会现象主题：“小心地滑”指示牌引发的安全事件【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了布朗夫人在美国一家AMC影院看完电影离开时，被“小心地滑”的指示牌绊倒受伤后，向法院提起诉讼的原因以及法院的审判结果。

2019-2020 年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练三指代猜测类（xx ·黄冈检测）On Christmas Day, xx, a woman named Nancy Sue Brown took her daughter and grandchildren to see a movie at an AMC theater. When the movie was over, the crowd made for the exits. A theater employee had just finished mopping the hallway and dutifully placed the “wet floor ” sign in the slippery area. No one slipped dueto the wet conditions, but someone did manage to knock over the sign. And by thetime Ms. Brown got to the area, the sign was lying on the floor. And shortly thereafter, so was she. Her foot got caught in the sign, in a bad way, and she fell. Unfortunately Ms. Brown had undergone a back operation, and the fall caused more damage than it otherwise would have. So she and her husband sued （提起诉讼）．AMC argued that the entire point of the “wet floor ” sign above was to warnof danger, and therefore, courts should encourage the use by not allowing Brown'scase to proceed （继续进行）. AMC referred to a case about a December, xxincident, where a “wet floor ” sign, not in use, fell to the floor causing anothertrip-and-fall. In that case, Georgia's Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the store,but didn't go so far as to say that “wet floor ” signs couldn't give rise to legalliability （责任） in trip-and-fall accidents. In the Browncase, the Supreme Courttherefore rejected AMC's argument that the former case applied.But the Browns argued something surprising that the “wet floor ” sign was,itself, dangerous, because “using this type of sign in areas passed by lots ofcustomers creates an unreasonable risk of foreseeable harm to the public in the form of tripping hazards （危险）．” That's right —the safety sign, used in the way itwas designed, was itself dangerous. The court thankfully didn't accept thatargument, at least not entirely. But it did conclude that Brown's case couldcontinue to a jury （陪审团）—“a merchant's selection and use of equipmentdesigned to warn customers of one danger that has the potential to expose them to adifferent one”．体裁：议论文题材：社会现象主题：“小心地滑”指示牌引发的安全事件【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了布朗夫人在美国一家A MC影院看完电影离开时，被“小心地滑”的指示牌绊倒受伤后，向法院提起诉讼的原因以及法院的审判结果。

建议用时：15分钟A[2015·重庆一诊]A study involving 8,500 teenagers from all socialbackgrounds W1found that most of them are ignorant when it comesto money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from Nat West that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, are particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened W2with greater debts than any before.University tuition fees (学费) are currently capped at ￡3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to_raise_the__ceiling.In the research, the teenagers were presented with the terms of four different loans but 76 percent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted W3that they would be earning on average ￡31,000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just ￡17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt P1when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than ￡10,000. Average debts for graduates are ￡12,363.Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns Nat West, said. “The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become a w are of them, the more likely they are to become responsible，Sforward-planning adults who manage their finances W4 confidently and effectively.”Ministers are deeply concerned about P2the financial pressureson teenagers and young people because of students' loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweather, aged 15, from St Helens, said that she had benefited from P3lessons on personal W5finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.本文是关于英国的研究机构的一份调查，表明大部分青少年对钱的问题认识不深，他们大多数过高估计了未来赚钱的前景，对他们以后可能要负担的债务也没有认识。

2020年高考冲刺试卷芳草香出品形容词与副词单句语法填空1、By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts,scientists have found that good news can spread faster and __________(far) than disasters and sob stories.2、Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make usfeel__________(hunger).3、The school's music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two __________shows on the weekend.4、Raymond's parents wanted him to have (good) possible education.5、I had the (mean)mother in the world.6、—You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don't.—I couldn’t agree__________(much). Confidence is really important.7、The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the horse riding __________(much).8、With its focus divided, the lion becomes __________(confuse) and is unsure about what to do next.9、Make sure that the doors and windows are __________before you leave the chemistry lab. For reasons of __________, all the luggage must be checked at the airport.(secure)10、They gave money to the old people’s home either__________(personal) or through their companies.单句改错11、Compared with letters and public phones,mobile phones and the Internet are fast and much more convenient.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12、This room is two thirds big than that one._____________________________________________________________________13、As a result, I failed two of my most favorite subjects, math and physics, which surprised everyone.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14、Global warming catches and holds our concern,for it affects us and will affect our late generations.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15、I am confidence to take care of myself,wash the clothes and clean the rooms._____________________________________________________________________16、And we will study even more harder and try our best to do all._____________________________________________________________________17、Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years._____________________________________________________________________18、Beside,my mother and I keep a relationship like close friends._____________________________________________________________________19、It is real a good chance to have met all of you here._____________________________________________________________________20、Most important, living with your friends will improve your team spirit, which will be beneficial to your future career.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________单项选择21、A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television,_______ develop depression (抑郁症) as young adults.A.the more likely they are toB.the more likely they areC.they are the more likely toD.the more likely are they22、—Do you like the place of interest?—On the contrary, it is the _____ place that I want to visit.A.worst。

第四讲根据上下文推断词句的含义——词句猜测题词句猜测题旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、短语或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新意，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。

除了直接的命题外，在阅读理解的文章中，常常有一些单词或短语超出了考试大纲，但又没有附加注释，也需要考生猜测词义才能准确理解文章，这是词义猜测题的一种简单命题形式。

高考词句猜测题题量统计考纲解读年份浙江卷(1)正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。

(2)英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义在不同的语境中会有所不同。

能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。

(3)阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来，这是阅读理解中经常考查的一种能力。

2019.61(句子Money with nostrings attached的含义)2018.111(短语get bogged down的含义)2018.61(单词headwinds的含义)2017.111(短句work it out ofher system的含义)2017.61(句子The cat’s lotwas about to improve的含义)【考查特点】Ⅰ.把握词句猜测题最常见的命题方式：(1)The phrase“...” in the sentence could be replaced by “________”．(2)The underlined word “...” in paragraph...refers to ________．(3)What is the meaning of the underlined word in the...paragraph？/What does the underlined word mean in the...paragraph?(4)Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phras e “...”？(5)The underlined word “...” most probably means “________”．(6)The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that ________．Ⅱ.掌握词句猜测题的考查角度：(1)猜测生词或熟词的含义。

应对区爱护学校专题限时集训(十) 词义猜测之推测单词、短语、句子的含义A(2020·广东四校联考)Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching on the ground of the University of Pennsylvania, waiting for a few latecomers.The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30­minute jog and an occasional lecture.That's right—during some runs，one of them delivers a talk.Topics range from the brain to the Bitcoin.But on this day last January，it would not be their normal run.The first clue that something was off was the man who sprinted past them.“Running at an amazing pace，”Cassidy told Runner's World admiringly.Cassidy discovered why the sprinter was so fleet of foot when another man ran by，yelling，“Help！He took my phone and laptop！”At that time，the group did what running clubs do：They ran，trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site.The runners split up.Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others wandered the neighborhood hoping he had dumped the loot(赃物) in a backyard.No luck.So they decided to ask residents whether they'd seen the guy.When they knocked on the door of one row house，they were in for a surprise.Unknown to them，he had already emerged from the construction site—and was hiding behind a bush by that very house.As the owner opened the door，the suspect darted out from behind the bush...and right into the arms of the campus police，who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.The members of this running group are not hard­core athletes. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise.“Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat，”Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer.“But occasionally it can be useful，and here was one of those opportunities.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

2020年高考英语二轮复习第五讲词义猜测类--解题技巧及典例剖析【考点清单】一、词义猜测类题目常见的设问方式：1.The word"..."refers to/probably means_____.2. The underlined word "..." could best be replaced by_.3.What does the expression"..."stand for?4.By saying"..."we mean____.5."..."as used in the passage can best be defined as___——·6.Which of the following words can take the place of theword"..."?二、词义猜测题是指利用语境（上下文）推测、判断某些生词词义的题。

在近几年的高考阅读试题中词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。

词义猜测是一项阅读技巧，主要考查考生根据上下文推断单词意思的能力。

因此，所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围——超纲词义含义推断、熟词生义或熟词在特定语境中的意思。

词义猜测题常考查对句中关键性词语（实词、短语、指代关系等）的理解。

三、【解题流程】“一原则”、“二关注”速解词义猜测题一原则词义猜测题所提问的单词、词组或句子一般都是考生不认识的，即使认识，正确答案也未必是熟悉的含义。

这种题目目的就是希望考生能结合上下文，来理解不认识的单词、词组或句子。

二关注这是做词义猜测题的一大利器。

因为由并列转折连接的两部分会存在语义含义和成分的对应。

所以如果有一个单词不认识，就可以在与其并列或转折部分的信息中找对应信息。

关注解释说明部分分析试题可以发现，其实出题者在出一些词义猜测题的时候也是动了侧隐之心的。

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练四句意猜测类(xx·山西省省际名校联考)This time last year I entered two long­distance mass­participation swimming events, including the Jubilee River 10 km swim. At the last minute, just before both swims, I decided to pull out. The reality is, I live in fear of ing last.Last year, before the two events, I realized that I couldn't deal with ing last.I had looked at the swim times of those who had pleted the previous year and calculated that, at my current swim pace, I would probably have e last in both. I just couldn't face it. But when next year came around, I decided to enter those same events again.For a few months, I trained hard, but I didn't get any faster. Then it was June 5, the day of the Jubilee River 10 km. The event started at 9：30 a．m., and the swimmers were anxious and eager to start. As I swam along, the river was quiet and clean and everything was peaceful. The sun shone. Meadows (草地) rolled by and every now and then someone would wave at the scene unfolding in the water.As the day wore on, somehow I didn't mind that, predictably, almost everyone was ahead. There were at least some swimmers still near me, and although we shared the same river we quietly occupied our own spaces. As I concentrated on doing my own thing, watching the sky, the bank, the other swimming caps passing or not passing.I realized I was enjoying myself.In the end, four hours and 29 minutes after I'd started, I staggered (摇摇晃晃地走) out of the water and was greeted with a smile and a “well done” from the race organizer. I glanced back over my shoulder toward the water and noticed that there were a small handful of swimmers who were still to finish, behind me, out of a field of around 300 swimmers. But it didn't matter. I_was_just_relieved,_proud_and_happy_to_finish.As I drove away, my thoughts turned to my next long race of the season and how much I was looking forward to it, my fears of ing last gently receding (渐渐远去)．体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：克服最后一名的恐惧【语篇导读】作者通过描述自己参加游泳比赛的经历告诉我们最后一名并不可怕，关键是要学会享受比赛的过程。

根据上下文推断单词的含义——单词词义猜测题一、单词词义猜测题常见的设问方式1. What does the underlined word “...” in the ... paragraph mean / refer to?2. What does the word “...” in Paragraph ... refer to?3. The underlined word “...” in Paragraph ... is closest in meaning to _____.4. The underlined word “...” in Paragraph ... means / can be replaced by _____.5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “...” in Paragraph ...?6. Which of the following best explains “...” underlined in Paragraph ...?二、单词词义猜测题解题技巧单词词义猜测题要求考生理解文章中单词的含义，故正确理解上下文是解题的关键。

除了通过语境进行推断以外，我们还可以采用以下方法：1. 通过定义或解释猜测词义。

用于下定义或解释的单词或短语有or, mean, in other words, be defined as, be described as, be seen as, refer to, that is, that is to say 等。

有些定义或解释是通过破折号、冒号、括号、同位语（从句）或定语从句来表示的。

2. 通过所举例子猜测词义。

用于举例的单词或短语有 like, including, such as, for example, for instance 等。

3. 通过对比关系猜测词义。

专题跟踪训练(十五)A(2018·赣州十四县(市)联考)Some people are so rude!Who sends an e－mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Don't these people realize that they're wasting your time?Maybe I'm the rude one for not appreciating life's little politeness. But many social agreed standards just don't make sense to people drowning in digital communication.In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. E－mail, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated,_he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked. “Just text him.”In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask once－acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business's phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when you answer, they respond with a thank－you e－mail.How to handle these differing standards? Easy. Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank－you message. Others, like me, want no reply.The anthropologist (人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time－wasting forms of communication do.语篇解读：本文主要讨论了如今在智能手机时代，人们应该选择何种方式进行沟通。

2020年高考冲刺试卷芳草香出品动词与动词短语单句语法填空1、Rather than__________(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.2、It was really annoying; I__________(can) get access to the data bank you had recommended.3、There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You ought to __________(come), but why didn’t you?4、Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,__________easily reach the books on the top shelf.5、My room is a mess, but I__________(need) clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it tomorrow morning.6、It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.7、John was cast__________ to learn the news that he was rejected by the committee.8、—Mom, I can’t see any point in working hard at all the subjects at schoo l.—Come on, dear.Years of hard work will surely pay __________in the future of your career.9、Kate asked the girls to settle__________ so she could hear what her husband said on the phone.10、When the sports hero turned __________at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.单句改错11、Most importantly,all of us must believe in each other and been honest in our daily life.12、In my opinion, by doing part-time jobs, college students must gain some social experience and broaden their horizons.13、To keep fit,we ought take exercise every day.14、A few years ago I might bring my wife to this place for dinner.15、Some people in favour of building a swimming pool for children, while others are against it.16、Air pollution will get worse, which will harmful to people’s health.17、Be ready to take others’ opinions seriously even if they different from yours.18、Please add upon all these figures and see how much you finally get.19、How could you pick up your brother in the crowd?20、It isn’t hard to grow up into a responsible member of society.单项选择21、Such behavior will _____ your reputation, so better think before you leap.promisemunicatepensatebine22、A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _________your year ahead.A.shapeB.switchC.stretchD.sharpen23、More and more rich people have promised to ______ their wealth after death to help the poor and the disabled.A.give awayB.give upC.give outD.give off24、—Do you mind if I open the window?—No,________.A.Look outB.Forget itC.Go aheadD.Take it easy25、After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ___her job as a doctor in the countryside.A.set outB.took overC.took upD.set up语法填空26、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

第四讲猜测词义题在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。

这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。

这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。

事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。

我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。

近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。

常见的题干有：1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word？2) The word... could best be replaced by.3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to).4) According to the passage,... probably means.5) The author uses the word... to mean.猜测词义时，一般可利用以下四个方面的线索：一是针对性的解释针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。

这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。

1.根据定义（definition）猜测词义如果生词有一个句子（定语从句或是同位语<同位语前常有 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.g. 等>或是同位语从句）或段落来定义,或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。

定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。

2019-2020 年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练三指代猜测类(xx·黄冈检测)On Christmas Day, xx, a woman named Nancy Sue Brown took her daughter and grandchildren to see a movie at an AMC theater. When the movie was over, the crowd made for the exits. A theater employee had just finished mopping the hallway and dutifully placed the “wet floor” sign in the slippery area. No one slipped due to the wet conditions, but someone did manage to knock over the sign. And by the time Ms. Brown got to the area, the sign was lying on the floor. And shortly thereafter, so was she. Her foot got caught in the sign, in a bad way, and she fell. Unfortunately Ms. Brown had undergone a back operation, and the fall caused more damage than it otherwise would have. So she and her husband sued (提起诉讼)．AMC argued that the entire point of the “wet floor” sign above was to warn of danger, and therefore, courts should encourage the use by not allowing Brown's case to proceed (继续进行). AMC referred to a case about a December, xx incident, where a “wet floor” sign, not in use, fell to the floor causing another trip­and­fall.In that case, Georgia's Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the store, but didn't go so far as to say that “wet floor”signs couldn't give rise to legal liability (责任) in trip­and­fall accidents. In the Brown case, the Supreme Court therefore rejected AMC's argument that the former case applied.But the Browns argued something surprising that the “wet floor” sign was, itse lf, dangerous, because “using this type of sign in areas passed by lots of customers creates an unreasonable risk of foreseeable harm to the public in the form of tripping hazards (危险)．” That's right — the safety sign, used in the way it was designed, was itself dangerous. The court thankfully didn't accept that argument, at least not entirely. But it did conclude that Brown's case could continue to a jury (陪审团) —“a merchant's selection and use of equipment designed to warn customers of one danger that has the potential to expose them to a different one”．体裁：议论文题材：社会现象主题：“小心地滑”指示牌引发的安全事件【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了布朗夫人在美国一家 AMC 影院看完电影离开时，被“小心地滑”的指示牌绊倒受伤后，向法院提起诉讼的原因以及法院的审判结果。