2
IB抯
RENATURATION
CONCENTRATION
* Dissolution * Refolding
* Ultrafiltration * Evaporation * Reverse Osmosis * Precipitation * Crystallization * Extraction * Adsorption * Distillation
Immiscible solvents
• 平衡关系
• y = f (x) Usually y = mx at equilibrium
L,y H,x
• 溶质物料平衡
• Solute in (feed + extracting solvent) = solute in (extract + raffinate)
• 图解法
• When y = non-linear function of x • Equilibrium line: y = f (x) • Operating line: y = (H/L) (xF – x)
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支撑液膜 (Supported liquid membrane)
Feed Extract Raffinate membrane Extracting phase
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间歇萃取
Batch extraction
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Aqueous penicillin G solution
抗生素的萃取
Butyl acetate Organic extract
• 萃取分率
萃取相溶质量 Ly Ly E 1−ϕ = = = = 溶质总量 Hx F Hx + Ly 1 + E